K,k
/keI;ke/n(plK's,k's/keIz;kez/)theeleventhletteroftheEnglishalphabet英语字母表的第十
一个字母:`King'beginswith(a)K/`K'king字以k字母开始.
K
/keI;ke/abbr缩写=1kelvin(s).2(infml口)onethousand(Greekkilo-)一千（源自希腊
文kilo-）:Sheearns12K(ie12000)ayear.她一年挣12000英镑.
phonetic()
/fE5netIk;fE`nZtIk/icsymbols（音标）udinthisdictionarycontainsthe
hepronunciationbuttontohearthesoundstheyreprent.
1.i--Example:e/si:;si/2.I--Example:sit/sIt;sIt/3.e--Example:ten/ten;tZn/
4.A--Example:hat/hAt;hAt/5.B--Example:arm/B:m;Brm/6.C--Example:
watch/wCtF;wBtF/7.R--Example:saw/sR:;sR/8.J--Example:put/pUt;pJt/9.u
--Example:too/tu:;tu/10.Q--Example:cup/kQp;kQp/11.[--Example:fur/f:(r);f[/
12.E--Example:ago/E5gEU;E`^o/13.e--Example:page/peIdV;pedV/14.o--
Example:home/hEUm;hom/--Example:five/faIv;faIv/--Example:now/
naU;naJ/--Example:join/dVRIn;dVRIn/--Example:near/nIE(r);nIE(r)/
--Example:hair/heE(r);hZE(r)/--Example:tour/tUE(r);tJE(r)/
phonetic(ants)
/fE5netIk;fE`nZtIk/icsymbols（音标）udinthisdictionarycontainsthe
hepronunciationbuttontohearthesoundstheyreprent.1.p--
Example:pen/pen;pZn/2.b--Example:bad/bAd;bAd/3.t--Example:tea/ti:;ti/4.
d--Example:did/dId;dId/5.k--Example:cat/kAt;kAt/6.^--Example:got/gCt;
^Bt/--Example:chin/tFIn;tFIn/--Example:June/dVu:n;dVun/9.f--
Example:fall/fR:l;fRl/10.v--Example:voice/vRIs;vRIs/11.W--Example:thin/
WIn;WIn/12.T--Example:then/Ten;TZn/13.s--Example:so/sEU;so/14.z--
Example:zoo/zu:;zu/15.F--Example:she/Fi:;Fi/16.V--Example:vision/5vIVn;
`vIVEn/17.h--Example:how/haU;haJ/18.m--Example:man/mAn;mAn/19.n
--Example:no/nEU;no/20.N--Example:sing/sIN;sIN/21.l--Example:leg/leg;
lZ^/22.r--Example:red/red;rZd/23.j--Example:yes/jes;jZs/24.w--Example:
wet/wet;wZt/
kaffir
/5kAfE(r);`kAfL/n(SAfricanoffensive南非,讳,蔑)blackAfricanperson非洲黑人.
kaftan
=caftan.
Kair
/5kaIzE(r);`kaIzL/ntitleoftheGermanandAustro-Hungarianemperorsuntil1918皇帝(尤指
1918年前的德国皇帝).
kale(alsokail)
/keIl;kel/n[U]typeofcabbagewithcurlyleaves羽衣甘蓝.
kaleidoscope
/kE5laIdEskEUp;kE`laIdE9skop/n(a)toyconsistingofatubecontainingsmallloopiecesof
colouredglass,etcandmirrorswhichreflectthetoformchangingpatternswhenthetubeis
turned万花筒.(b)(ususing通常作单数)(fig比喻)constantlyandquicklychangingpattern
千变万化;瞬息万变:Hispaintingsareakaleidoscopeofgorgeouscolours.他的油画色彩斑斓,
变化万千.*Thebazaarwasakaleidoscopeofstrangesightsandimpressions.集市的景象光怪
陆离,纷然杂陈.
kaleidoscopic
/kE9laIdE5skCpIk;kE9laIdE`skBpIk/adj.
kaleidoscopically
/-klI;-klI/adv.
kamikaze
/9kAmI5kB:zI;9kBmI`kBzi/n(inWorldWarII)(pilotofa)Japaneaircraftdeliberately
crashedonenemyships,etc（第二次世界大战中日本的）神风飞机,神风飞机飞行员（与敌
舰等同归於尽的自杀飞机或驾驶员）:[attrib作定语]akamikazeattack神风飞机的攻击*
(fig比喻)kamikaze(iesuicidal)tactics同归於尽的战术.
kangaroo
/9kANgE5ru:;9kAN^E`ru/n(pl~s)Australiananimalthatjumpsalongonitsstronghindlegs,
thefemalecarryingitsyounginapouchonthefrontofitsbody袋鼠（产於澳洲）.=>illus见插
图.
kangaroocourt
illegalcourtformedbyagroupofprisoners,strikingworkers,etctottledisputesamong
themlves私设的公堂（囚犯、罢工工人等为解决内部纠纷而设的）.
kaolin
/5keIElIn;`keElIn/n[U](alsochina`clay)finewhiteclayudinmakingporcelainandin
medicine高岭土;瓷土.
kapok
/5keIpCk;`kepBk/n[U]substancelikecottonwool,udforstuffingcushions,softtoys,etc木
棉.
kaput
/kE5pUt;kE`pJt/adj[pred作表语](sl俚)broken;ruined;notworkingproperly完蛋了;失败
了;坏了:Thecar'skaputwe'llhavetowalk.汽车坏了--我们只好步行.
karat
(US)=carat2.
karate
/kE5rB:tI;kE`rBtI/n[U]Japanesystemofunarmedcombatinwhichthehands,feet,etcare
udasweapons空手道（日本式徒手武术）:[attrib作定语]akaratechop,ieablowwiththe
sideofthehand空手道的掌侧劈.
karma
/5kB:mE;`kBrmE/n[U](a)(inBuddhismandHinduism)sumofaperson'sactionsinoneofhis
successivelives,believedtodecidehisfateinthenext（佛教和印度教的）业（音译｀羯磨＇,意
为个人行为的总和可决定其来世的命运）.(b)(espjoc尤作戏谑语)destiny;fate命运;宿缘:
It'smykarmaalwaystofallinlovewithbrunettes.我爱上的总是深褐色头发、浅黑色皮肤的
白种女子,这是我的缘分.
kart
/kB:t;kBrt/n=go-kart.
kayak
/5kaIAk;`kaIAk/n.=>illusatcanoe见canoe插图.(a)Eskimocanoemadeoflightwood
coveredwithalskins海豹皮船（爱斯基摩人制的单人小舟）.(b)smallcoveredcanoe
remblingthis（类似海豹皮船的）小艇.
kazoo
/kE5zu:;kE`zu/n(pl~s)toymusicalinstrumentthatgivesabuzzingsoundwhensbblows
throughitwhilehumming一种玩具笛.
KB
/9keI5bi:;9ke`bi/abbr缩写=(Britlaw律)King'参看QB.
KBE
/9keIbi:5i:;9kebi`i/abbr缩写=(Brit)KnightCommander(oftheOrder)oftheBritish
Empire（第二等的）大英帝国最高勋爵;英帝国爵级司令勋章:bemadeaKBE受封（第二
等的）大英帝国最高勋爵位*SirJohnBrownKBE约翰·布朗（第二等的）大英帝国最高
勋爵士.Cf参看CBE,DBE,MBE.
KC
/9keI5si:;9ke`si/abbr缩写=(Britlaw律)King'参看QC.
kebab
/kI5bAb;kE`bAb/n(oftenpl常作复数)smallpiecesofmeatandvegetablescookedand(often)
rvedonaskewer烤肉串:lambkebabs烤羊肉串*shishkebab烤肉串.
shishkebab
/9FIFkI5bAb;?@5FIFkEbAb;`FIFkE9bBb/=kebab.
kedgeree
/5kedVEri:,9kedVE5ri:;`kZdVE9ri,9kZdVE`ri/n[U,C]cookeddishofriceandfish,with
hard-boiledeggsandsometimesonions,allmixedtogether鱼蛋烩饭（有时伴有洋葱）.
keel
/ki:l;kil/n1timberorsteelstructurealongthebottomofaship,onwhichtheframeworkis
builtup（船的）龙骨:laydownakeel,iestartbuildingaship安龙骨（动工造船）.2(idm习
语)onanevenkeel=>even1.
keel
v(phrv)keelover1(ofaship)capsize（指船）倾覆,翻倒.2(infml口)fallover;collap
倒下;倒塌:Afteracoupleofdrinkshejustkeeledoveronthefloor.他喝了两杯酒後就跌倒在
地了.*Thestructurehadkeeledoverinthehighwinds.那座建筑物让大风给刮倒了.
keen
/ki:n;kin/adj(-er,-est)1~(todosth/that...)eager;enthusiastic热切的;热情的;热心的:a
keenswimmer喜好游泳的人*I'mnotkeentogoagain.我不太想再去了.*She'skeenthat
weshouldgo.她热情地叫我们去.2(offeelings,etc)inten;strong;deep（指感情等）热烈
的,强烈的,深刻的:akeendesire,interest,nofloss强烈的愿望、兴趣、失落感.3(of
thens)highlydeveloped（指感觉）灵敏的,敏锐的:Dogshaveakeennofsmell.狗的
嗅觉很灵敏.4(ofthemind)quicktounderstand（指头脑）敏捷的,精明的:akeenwit,
intelligence敏捷的头脑、很强的理解力.5[espattrib尤作定语](ofthepointsandcutting
edgesofknives,etc)sharp（指刀等的尖和刃）锋利的,快的:akeenblade,edge锋利的刀片、
刀刃.6(ofawind)bitterlycold（指风）刺骨的,凛冽的.7(Brit)(ofprices)low;very
competitive（指价格）低廉的,竞争力强的.8(idm习语)(as),keenas`mustard(infml口)
extremelyeagerorenthusiastic极热心的;极热情的.keenonsth/sb(infml口)(a)interestedin
sth热衷於某事物:keenon(playing)tennis很喜欢（打）网球.(b)fondofsb/sth喜爱某人[某
事物]:Heemedmadkeenon(ieveryinterestedin)mysister.他发疯似的爱著我妹妹.*I'm
nottookeenonjazz.我不太喜欢爵士乐.(c)enthusiasticaboutsth对某事物满腔热情的:She's
notverykeenontheidea.她对那主张不很感兴趣.*MrsHilliskeenonTom'smarryingSusan.
希尔太太很希望汤姆能和苏珊结婚.
keenly
adv.
keenness
n[U].
keen
/ki:n;kin/v[I](usuinthecontinuoustens通常用於进行时态)lamentadeadpersonby
wailing为死者恸哭、哀号:keeningoverhermurderedson恸哭她那被谋害的儿子.
keen
nIrishfuneralsongaccompaniedbywailing爱尔兰哀歌（边哭边唱）.
keep
/ki:p;kip/v(pt,ppkept/kept;kZpt/)1(a)[La,Ipr,Ip]continuetobeinthespecifiedcondition
orposition;remainorstay继续处於某状态或地位;留下;保留:Shehastheabilitytokeep
calminanemergency.她有处变不惊的本事.*Pleakeepquiet--I'mtryingtogetsomework
done.请安静--我要处理一些工作.*Yououghttokeepindoorswiththatheavycold.你患重感
冒应该留在屋里.*Thenoticesaid`Keepoff(ieDonotwalkon)thegrass'.布告牌上写著｀勿
踏草地＇.*Keepback!Thebuildingcouldcollapatanymoment.别靠近!那建筑物随时可能
倒塌.(b)[Ip]~(on)doingsthcontinuedoingsth;dosthrepeatedlyorfrequently继续做某事物;
重复做某事物:keepeating,laughing,smiling,walking一直在吃、笑、微笑、走*Keep(on)
talkingamongstyourlves,I'llbebackinaminute.你们继续谈,我一会儿就回来.*HowcanI
trustyouifyoukeeplyingtome?你要是一直欺骗我,我怎麽能相信你呢?*Idowishyou
wouldn'tkeepinterruptingme!希望你别老来打扰我!*Myshoelaceskeep(on)comingundone.
我的鞋带总是松开.*Keepgoing(ieDonotstop)untilyoureachalargeroundabout.继续走就
走到一个宽阔的环状交叉路口了.*Thisixhaustingwork,butImanagetokeepgoing
somehow.这个工作很费力气,但是我尽量设法做下去.(c)[Ipr,Ip]continuetomoveinthe
specifieddirection继续朝某方向前进:TrafficinBritainkeepstotheleft,iedrivesonthe
left-handsideoftheroad.在英国,车辆靠左行驶.*Keepstraightonuntilyougettothechurch.
一直朝前走就走到教堂了.*Thesignsays`KeepLeft',soIdon'tthinkwecanturnrighthere.
路标上写著｀靠左行＇,我想不能从这儿向右拐.2[,Tn.p,Cn.a,Cn.g]causb/sthto
remaininthespecifiedconditionorposition使某人[某事物]保持某状态或某地位:Ifyour
handsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.要是手冷,就揣在口袋里.*Extraworkkepthim
(late)attheoffice.他因有额外的工作,（很晚）仍留在办公室里.*Don'tkeepusinsuspen
anylonger--whathappensattheendofthestory?别再让我们蒙在鼓里了,结局究竟怎麽样?
*keepsbamud,cheerful,happy,etc使某人一直高兴、快乐、幸福等*Thegloveswill
keepyourhandswarm.这种手套保暖好.*Givethebabyherbottle;that'llkeepherquietfora
while.把瓶子给孩子,那就能让她安静一会儿.*He'sinacomaandisbeingkeptalivebya
life-supportmachine.他处於昏迷状态,靠生命维持器活著.*I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.
对不起,让您久等了.*Addsomemorecoaltokeepthefiregoing.再添些煤,别让火灭了.3
[Tn]detainordelay(sb)留住或耽搁（某人）:You'reanhourlate;whatkeptyou?你晚了一小
时,是什麽事给耽误了?Cf参看keepsbfromsth/doingsth.4[Tn](a)continuetohave(sth);
retain保有,留下（某物）:YoucankeepthatbookIlentyou;Idon'twantitback.我借给你的
那本书你可以留下,不用还我.*Here'safive-poundnote--youcankeepthechange.这是五
镑的钞票--零钱不用找了.(b)[Tn,,Dn.n]~sth(forsb)lookaftersth(forsb);retainsth
（为某人）照顾某事物;保留某事物:Couldyoukeepmyplaceinthequeue(forme)(ieprevent
anybodyelfromtakingit)?我排在队里的位置可以给我留著吗?*Pleakeepmeaplacein
thequeue.排队时请给我占个位置.(c)[Tn,]have(sth)inaparticularplace;store在某处
存放（某物）;贮藏:Wheredoyoukeepthecutlery?你的餐具在哪里?*Wehaven'tenough
shelvestokeepallourbookson.我们的书架不够用,放不下这麽多书.*Alwayskeepyour
drivinglicenceinasafeplace.驾驶执照一定要妥善保管.(d)[Tn]retain(sth)forfutureuor
reference保留（某物）（以备日後之需）:Thetroursaresowornthey'rehardlyworthkeeping.
这条裤子磨损得很厉害,不必再留著了.*Let'snoteatallthesandwichesnow--wecankeep
someforlater.咱们别把三明治都吃光--可以留些过後再吃.*Ikeepallherletters.我保留著
她全部的信.5[Tn]ownandmanage(ashop,restaurant,etc)经营,开设（商店、饭馆等）:
Herfatherkeptagrocer'sshopforanumberofyears.她父亲开了几年杂货店.*Heplansto
keepapubwhenheretires.他打算退休後开酒馆.6[Tn]ownandlookafter(animals)for
one'suorenjoyment（为自用或消遣）饲养（动物）:keepbees,goats,hens,etc饲养蜂、羊、
鸡等.7[Tn]have(sth)regularlyonsaleorinstock经销、销售或储存（某物）:`Doyoull
Turkishcigarettes?'`I'msorry,wedon'tkeepthem.'｀你们卖土耳其香烟吗?＇｀对不起,我们
不卖那种香烟.＇8[Tn]notreveal(acret)保守（秘密）:Canyoukeepacret?ieIfItellyou
one,canIbesurethatyouwillnottellittosbel?我想告诉你一件事,你能保密吗?9[I](of
food)remainingoodcondition（指食物）保持不坏:Dofinishoffthefishpie;itwon'tkeep.鱼
馅糕饼留不住,都吃了吧.*(fig比喻)Thenewswillkeep,iecanbetoldlaterratherthan
immediately.这消息可容後宣布.10[I](udwithanadv,orinquestionsafterhow与副词连
用或用於疑问句中的how之後)beinthespecifiedstateofhealth处於某种健康状况:`Howare
youkeeping?'`I'mkeepingwell,thanks.'｀你身体好吗?＇｀很好,谢谢.＇11[Tn](a)make
writtenentriesin(sth)在（某物）上作书面记载:Shekeptadiaryforovertwentyyears.她写日
记已二十多年.(b)writedown(sth)asarecord记录（某事）:keepinganaccount/arecordof
whatonespendachweek记录每周的开支.12[Tn]providewhatisnecessaryfor(sb);
support(sb)financially供给（某人）必需品;经济上支持（某人）:Hescarcelyearnnoughto
keephimlfandhisfamily.他挣的钱难以维持全家人的生活.13(a)[Tn]guardorprotect
(sth)守卫或把守（某物）:keepgoal,ieinfootball守球门（足球的）?w*keepwicket,iein
cricket守三柱门（板球的）.Cf参看goalkeeper(goal),wicket-keeper(wicket).(b)[Tn,]
~sb(fromsth)(fml文)protectsb(fromsth)保护或保佑某人:MaytheLordblessyouand
keepyou,ieudinprayersintheChristianChurch愿上帝祝福你、保佑你（用於基督教会的
祈祷）*SheprayedtoGodtokeephersonfromharm.她祈祷上帝保佑儿子平安.14[Tn]be
faithfulto(sth);respectorobrve忠於（某事物）;尊重;遵守:keepanappointment,thelaw,a
promi,atreaty遵守约会、法律、诺言、条约.15(idm习语),keepit`upmaintainahigh
standardofachievement保持优秀成绩:Excellentwork,Crippskeepitup!克里普斯,你干
得真好--要保持下去!,keepupwiththe`Jones/5dVEUnzIz;`dVonzIz/(infmloftenderog口,
常作贬义)trytomaintainthesamesocialandmaterialstandardsasone'sneighbours要在地位
和物质方面比得上周围的人.(Forotheridiomscontainingkeep,eentriesforns,adjs,etc与
keep搭配的其他习语见有关名词、形容词等的词条,如keephou=>hou1;keeptheball
rolling=>ball1.)16(phrv)keep(sb)atsth(causbto)continuetoworkatsth（使某人）继续
做某事:Comeon,keep`atit,you'venearlyfinished!加油,别松劲,你眼看就完成了!*The
teacherkeptusatour`workallmorning.老师让我们做了一上午的功课.
keep(sb/sth)away(fromsb/sth)
(causb/sth)nottogonearsb/sth（使某人[某事物]）不靠近某人[某事物]:Policewarned
bystanderstokeepawayfromtheblazingbuilding.警察告诫围观者,不要靠近燃烧的建筑
物.*Herillnesskeptherawayfrom(iecaudhertobeabntfrom)workforveralweeks.她
因病数周未上班.
keepsthback
(a)preventsthfrommoving;restrainsth使某事物不能移动;阻止某事物:Millionsofgallons
ofwaterarekeptbackbythedam.这个堤坝拦住了滔滔的洪水.*Shewasunabletokeepback
hertears.她无法忍住泪水.(b)notpaysthtosb不将某物付给某人:Acertainpercentageof
yoursalaryiskeptbackbyyouremployerasaninsurancepayment.雇主扣下你部分薪金作保
险金用.keepsth`back(fromsb)refutotellsbsth;holdsthback拒不将某事告诉某人;隐瞒
某事物:I'msureshe'skeepingsomethingback(fromus).我肯定她（向我们）隐瞒什麽.keep
(sb)`back(fromsb/sth)(causbto)remainatadistancefromsb/sth（使某人）与某人[某事物]
保持距离:Keepwellbackfromtheroad.离马路远些.*Barricadeswereerectedtokeepback
thecrowds.设置了障碍以隔开人群.
keepdown
notshowwhereoneis;notstandup隐蔽;不站立:Keepdown!Youmustn'tletanybodyeyou.
蹲下!一定不要让人看见你.keepsb`downrepressoroppress(apeople,nation,etc)压制或镇
压（人民、国民等）:Thepeoplehavebeenkeptdownforyearsbyabrutalregime.人民多年
遭受野蛮制度压迫.keepsth`down(a)notrai(apartofthebody)不抬起（身体某部分）:
Keepyourheaddown!不要抬头!(b)retainsthinthestomach吞下某物;不吐出来:The
medicinewassohorridIcouldn'tkeepitdown,ieIwassick.这药这麽难吃,我咽不下去.(c)
causthtoremainatalowlevel;notincreasth使某事物处於低水平;压抑某事物:keep
downwages,prices,thecostofliving,etc保持低工资、低价格、低生活费等*Keepyour
voicesdown;yourmother'stryingtogetsomesleep.小点声,你妈妈要睡觉了.(d)notallowsth
tomultiplyorgrow不使某物滋生或生长:uchemicalstokeeppestsdown用化学药品消灭
害虫.
keeponelf/sbfromsth/doingsth
preventonelf/sbfromdoingsth使自己[某人]不能做某事物:Thechurchbellskeepmefrom
sleeping.教堂的钟声吵得我睡不觉.*IhopeI'mnotkeepingyoufromyourwork.希望我没
有妨碍你的工作.keep(onelf)fromdoingsthpreventonelffromdoingsth;stop(onelf)
doingsth克制自己不做某事:Shecouldhardlykeep(herlf)fromlaughing.她忍不住大笑起
来.*Ijustmanagedtokeepmylffromfalling.我差一点跌倒.keepsthfromsbnottellsbsth
不将某事告诉某人:Ithinkweoughttokeepthetruthfromhimuntilhe'sbetter.我想等他好些
再把实情告诉他.*Theydon'tkeepanythingfromeachother.他们之间无话不谈.
keepsbin
detain(achild)afternormalschoolhoursasapunishment罚（小学生）课後留校:Shewaskept
inforanhourfortalkinginclass.她因上课说话被罚留校一小时.keepsthinnotexpress(an
emotion);restrainsth不表露（情感）;控制某事物:Hecouldscarcelykeepinhisindignation.
他愤怒得难以自持.keeponelf/sbinsthgiveorallowonelf/sbaregularsupplyofsth使自
己[某人]经常有某事物:Sheearnnoughtokeepherlfandallthefamilyingoodclothes.她
的收入能让全家经常有好衣服穿.keepinwithsb(infml口)continuetobefriendlywithsb,esp
inordertogainsomeadvantage保持与某人亲近（尤指为得到好处）:Haveyounoticedhowhe
triestokeepinwiththeboss?你注意到他多巴结老板了吗?
keepoff
(ofrain,snow,etc)notbegin（指雨、雪等）未下:Thefetewillgoaheadprovidedtherainkeeps
off.要是不下雨,义卖会就照常进行.keepoff(sb/sth)notapproach,touch,etcsb/sth不接近
或不接触某人[某事物].keepoffsth(a)noteat,drinkorsmokesth不吃、不喝或不吸食某物:
keepoffcigarettes,drugs,drink,fattyfoods不抽烟、不吸毒、不喝酒、不吃多油脂的食物.
(b)notmention(thespecifiedsubject);avoid不提（某话题）;避免:Pleakeepoff(thesubject
of)politicswhilemyfather'shere.有我父亲在场,请别谈政治.keepsb/sthoff(sb/sth)cau
sb/sthnottoapproach,touch,etcsb/sth使某人[某事物]不接近或不接触某人[某事物]:Theylit
afiretokeepwildanimalsoff.他们燃起篝火防止野兽接近.*Keepyourhandsoff(ieDonot
touch)me!别碰我!
keepon
continueone'sjourney继续行进:Keeponpastthechurch;thestadiumisabouthalfamile
furtheron.一直向前走过了教堂,约莫半英里就是体育场.keepon(doingsth)continue(doing
sth)继续（做某事物）:Therainkeptonallnight.雨彻夜不停.*Shekeptonworkingalthough
shewastired.她虽疲劳但仍继续工作.keepsb`oncontinuetoemploysb继续雇用某人:He's
incompetentandnotworthkeepingon.他庸碌无能,不值得留用.keepsthon(a)continueto
wearsth继续穿戴某物:Youdon'tneedtokeepyourhatonindoors.在室内不必戴帽子了.
(b)continuetorentorbetheownerof(ahou,flat,etc)继续租用或领有（房屋、寓所等）:
We'replanningtokeepthecottageonoverthesummer.我们打算夏天继续租那座别墅.keep
`on(atsb)(aboutsb/sth)continuetalking(tosb)inanirritatingway(aboutsb/sth)（向某人）唠
叨:Hedoeskeeponso!他就是这样爱唠叨!*Iwillmendthelampjustdon'tkeeponatme
aboutit!我一定修这个灯--别再跟我唠叨这件事了!
keepout
(ofsth)notenter(aplace);remainoutside不进入（某处）;留在外边:Thesignsaid`Ministryof
DefenceDangerKeepOut!'牌子上写,国防部重地--闲人免进!keepsb/sthout(of
sth)preventsb/sthfromentering(aplace)不让某人[某物]进入（某处）:Keepthatdogoutofmy
study!别让那条狗进我的书房!*Sheworeahattokeepthesunoutofhereyes.她戴帽子遮
阳,保护眼睛.keep(sb)outofsthnotexpoonelf/sbtosth;(causbto)avoidsth遮掩自己
[某人];（使某人）避开某事物:Dokeepoutoftherainifyouhaven'tacoat.没带雨衣那就避
一下雨.*Thatchildemsincapableofkeepingoutof(ienotgettinginto)mischief.那个孩子
不调皮捣蛋简直就受不了.*Keepthechildrenoutofharm'swayifyoutakethemtothematch.
带孩子看比赛,要注意他们的安全.
keeptosth
(a)notwanderfromorleave(apath,road,etc)不偏离,不离开（道路等）:Keeptothetrack
themoorisveryboggyaroundhere.不要偏离车道--这一带沼泽地多.*(fig比喻)keeptothe
point/subject别扯远了[不要离题].(b)followorobrve(aplan,schedule,etc)遵循,遵守（计
划、时刻表等）:Thingswillonlyworkoutifweallkeeptotheplan.只有大家执行计划,事
情才能成功.(c)remainfaithfulto(apromi,etc)忠於,信守（诺言等）:keeptoanagreement,
anundertaking信守协定、承诺.(d)remaininandnotleave(thespecifiedplaceorposition)留
在,不离开（某地或某位置）:She'soldandinfirmandhastokeeptothehou.她因年老体弱
而足不出户.(e)(udespintheimperativewhenrebukingsb尤用於祈使语气以指责某人)not
express(acomment,view,etc)不必说出（意见、看法等）:Keepyouropinionstoyourlfin
future!你有意见留自己用吧!keep(onelf)toonelfavoidmeetingpeoplesocially;not
concernonelfwithotherpeople'saffairs不与人交往:Nobodyknowsmuchabouthim;he
keepshimlf(verymuch)tohimlf.谁都不太了解他,因为他很少与人来往.keepsthto
one`lfnottellotherpeopleaboutsth不把某事告诉别人:I'dbegratefulifyoukeptthis
informationtoyourlf.这事你若能保密则不胜感激.
keepsbunder
oppresssb压迫某人:Thelocalpopulationiskeptunderbyabrutalarmyofmercenaries.当地
居民备受野蛮雇佣军的欺压.keepsthundercontrolorsuppresssth控制或压制某事物:
Firemenmanagedtokeepthefireunder.消防队员尽力控制了火势.
keepup
(ofrain,snow,goodweather,etc)continuewithoutstopping（指雨、雪、好天气等）持续不
停:Let'shopethesunnyweatherkeepsupforSaturday'stennismatch.但愿星期六网球比赛时
还是这样的好天气.keepsbuppreventsbfromgoingtobed使某人不能去睡觉:Idohope
we'renotkeepingyouup.我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉.keepsthup(a)preventsthfromfalling
down使某物不落下:wearabelttokeepone'stroursup系腰带以系住裤子.(b)causth
toremainatahighlevel使某事物处於高水平:Thehighcostofrawmaterialsiskeepingprices
up.原料费用昂贵使得产品价格居高不下.(c)notallow(one'sspirits,strength,etc)todecline;
maintain不让（精力等）衰退;维持;保持:Theysangsongstokeeptheirmoraleup.他们唱
歌以保持高昂的士气.(d)continuesthatthesame(usuhigh)level继续使某事物保持同样的
（通常指高的）水平:Theenemykeptuptheirbombardmentdayandnight.敌军一直日夜不停
地狂轰滥炸.*We'rehavingdifficultykeepingupourmortgagepayments.我们难以继续支付分
期偿还的抵押贷款.*You'realldoingasplendidjob;keepupthegoodwork!你们干得都很出
色,要坚持下去!(e)continuetopractiorobrvesth照旧做某事物或遵守某事:keepupold
customs,traditions,etc沿袭古老的风俗、传统等*DoyoustillkeepupyourSpanish?你仍在
学西班牙语吗?(f)maintain(ahou,garden,etc)ingoodconditionbyspendingmoneyor
energyonit保养,维修（房屋、花园等）:Thehouisbecomingtooexpensiveforthemtokeep
up.他们的房子维修费用贵得越来越修不起了.Cf参看`up(withsb/sth)move
orprogressatthesamerate(assb/sth)跟上（某人[某事物]）;（与某人[某事物]）同步前进:Slow
downIcan'tkeepup(withyou)!慢点,我跟不上（你）了!*Ican'tkeepupwithallthechanges
incomputertechnology.计算机技术的各种改进有些我已跟不上了.keepup(withsth)riat
thesamerate(assth)以（某事物的）同样速率上升:Workers'incomesarenotkeepingupwith
inflation.工人的收入赶不上通货膨胀.keepupwithsbcontinuetobeincontactwithsb保持
与某人的联系:Howmanyofyouroldschoolfriendsdoyoukeepupwith?你和中学时的老同
学保持联系的有多少?keepupwithsthinformonelforlearnabout(thenews,currentevents,
etc)知悉（消息）;跟上（形势）:Shelikestokeepupwiththelatestfashions.她喜欢穿戴入
时.
keptwoman
(datedorjoc旧或谑)womanwhoisprovidedwithmoneyandahomebyamanwithwhomshe
ishavingaxualrelationship（受供养的）姘妇.
keep
/ki:p;kip/n1[U](costofproviding)foodandothernecessitiesoflife食物等生活必需品;生
活费:It'stimeyougotajobandstartedpayingforyourkeep!你该找份工作,负担自己的生活
费了!*(fig比喻)Doesthatoldcarstillearnitskeep?ieIsitufulenoughtobeworththecost
ofkeepingit?那辆旧汽车还值得维修吗?2[C]stronglybuilttowerofanancientcastle古代
城堡中的强固主楼.3(idm习语)for`keeps(infml口)permanently;forever永远地;永久
地:CanIhaveitforkeepsordoyouwantitback?我可以永久保留它呢还是要我还给你?
keeper
/5ki:pE(r);`kipL/n1personwholooksafteranimalsinazoooracollectionofitemsina
muum（动物园的）饲养员;（博物馆的）保管人.2(espincompounds尤用以构成复合
词)personwhoisinchargeoforlooksaftersth负责或照料某事物的人:a`lighthou-keeper*
a`gamekeeper*a`shopkeeper.3(infml口)(a)=goalkeeper(goal).(b)=wicket-keeper
(wicket).4(idm习语)finderskeepers=>finder(find1).
keeping
/5ki:pIN;`kipIN/n(idm习语)forsafekeeping=>'skeepinginsb'scareorcustody
在某人处保管;受某人监护:I'llleavethekeysinyourkeeping.我把钥匙交你保管.in/outof
keeping(withsth)in/notinconformityorharmony一致[不一致];协调[不协调]:adevelopment
whollyinkeepingwithwhatweexpected与我们预期完全相符的发展*Thattieisnotquitein
keeping.那条领带不十分协调.insafekeeping=>safe1.
keepsake
/5ki:pIk;`kip9k/ngift,ususmallandoftennotverycostly,thatiskeptinmemoryofthe
giverorpreviousowner纪念品:Myauntgavemeoneofherbroochesasakeepsake.我的姑母
把她的一只胸针送给我作纪念.
keg
/keg;kZ^/nsmallbarrel,usucontaininglessthan10Britishor30USgallonsofliquid小桶（通
常容量不足10英加仑或30美加仑）.=>illusatbarrel见barrel插图.
kegbeer
(Brit)beerrvedfromkegs,usinggaspressure小桶啤酒（用气压压出）.
kelp
/kelp;kZlp/n[U]typeoflargebrownaweed大型褐藻.
kelvin
/5kelvIn;`kZlvIn/n(abbr缩写K)unit(equaltotheCelsiusdegree)ofaninternationalscaleof
temperature(theKelvinscale)with0atabsolutezero(273.15C)开（开尔文温标的计量单位,其
零度为绝对零度,等於273.15C）.=>App11见附录11.
ken
/ken;kZn/n(idm习语)beyond/outsideone'skennotwithinone'srangeofknowledge超出某
人知识范围:TheworkingsoftheStockExchangearebeyondmostpeople'sken.证券交易所的
运作情况大多数人都不了解.
ken
/ken;kZn/v(-nn-,ptkennedorkent,ppkenned)[Tn,Tf,Tw](Scot苏格兰)know知道.
kennel
/5kenl;`kZnl/n1[C]shelterforapetdog狗窝;狗房:Roverlivesinakennelintheback
garden.小狗罗弗的窝在後花园.2[C]shelterforapackofhounds一群猎犬的窝棚.3
kennels[singorplv]placewheredogsarebred,caredfor,etc养狗场:Weputthedoginto
kennelswhenwegoonholiday.我们去度假时把狗送到养狗场寄养.
kennel
v(-ll-;USalso-l-)[Tn]putorkeep(adog)inakennelorkennels将（狗）关进狗窝或送到养狗
场:Shekennelsherdogintheyard.她把狗关进院子的狗窝里.
kepi
/5keIpI;`kepI/ntypeofFrenchmilitarycapwithahorizontalpeak法国军帽.
kept
pt,ppofkeep1.
kerb(alsoespUScurb)
/k:b;k[b/nstoneorconcreteedgeofapavementatthesideofaroad（镶石的）路缘,路边:
Stopatthekerbandlookbothwaysbeforecrossing(theroad).先站在路边看清左右再过马路.
kerb-crawling
n[U]drivingslowlyalongtryingtopersuadesbonthepavementtoenterone'scar,espforxual
purpos开车沿路边缓慢行驶（尤指为性关系勾引人）:bearrestedforkerb-crawling因沿路
边慢驶勾引人而被拘捕.
kerbdrill
tofrulesforcrossingtheroadsafely过马路的安全规则.
kerbstone
nblockofstoneorconcreteformingpartofakerb路缘石;路边石.
kerchief
/5k:tFIf;`k[tFIf/n(arch古)1squarepieceofclothwornontheheadorroundtheneck,espby
women方头巾,方围巾（尤指女用的）.2handkerchief手绢.
kerfuffle
/kE5fQfl;kL`fQfl/n[U](Britinfml口)fuss;noi;excitement混乱;吵闹;闹哄:What'sall
thekerfuffle(about)?这乱哄哄的是怎麽回事?
kernel
/5k:nl;`k[nl/n1softandusuediblepartinsideanutorfruitstone（坚果或核果的）仁（通
常可食）.=>illusatnut见nut插图.2partofagrainoredwithinthehardoutershell（谷
物去壳後的）粒,子.3(fig比喻)centraloresntialpart(ofasubject,plan,problem,etc)核
心;要点;中心:thekernelofherargument她的论据的核心.
kerone,kerosine(alsokerosine)
/5kerEsi:n;`kZrE9sin/n[U](espUS)=paraffin1:[attrib作定语]akeronelamp煤油灯.
kestrel
/5kestrEl;`kZstrEl/ntypeofsmallfalcon红隼.=>illusatApp1见附录1插图,pageiv.
ketch
/ketF;kZtF/nsmallsailing-boatwithtwomasts双桅小帆船.
ketchup
/5ketFEp;`kZtFEp/(alsoespUScatsup/5ktsEp;`kAtsEp/)n[U]thicksaucemadefrom
tomatoes,vinegar,etcandudcoldasaasoning番茄酱.
kettle
/5ketl;`kZtl/n1containerwithaspout,lidandhandle,udforboilingwater（烧水用的）壶:
boil(waterin)thekettleandmakesometea烧壶水沏茶.2(idm习语)adifferentkettleoffish
=>different.a`fine,`pretty,etckettleoffishmessy,unpleasantorconfusingsituation一团糟;
不愉快的事;尴尬的局面.thepotcallingthekettleblack=>pot1.
kettledrum
/5ketldrQm;`kZtl9drQm/nlargebrassorcopperbowl-shapeddrumwithskinstretchedoverthe
top,thatcanbetunedtoanexactpitch定音鼓.=>illusatApp1见附录1插图,pagexi.
key
/ki:;ki/n1[C]metalinstrumentshapedsothatitwillmovetheboltofalock(andsolockor
unlocksth)钥匙:turnthekeyinthelock转动锁孔中的钥匙*thecarkeys汽车钥匙*the
keytothefrontdoor前门的钥匙*haveaduplicatekeycut,iemade配钥匙.=>illus见插图.
2[C]similarinstrumentforgraspingandturningsth,egforwindingaclock类似钥匙的器具（如
上钟表发条用的）:Where'sthekeyforturningofftheradiator?关散热器的开关在哪里?3[C]
(a)(music音)tofrelatednotes,badonaparticularnote,andformingthebasisof(partof)a
pieceofmusic调:asonatainthekeyofEflatmajor/Aminor一首降E大调[A小调]奏鸣曲*
Thispiecechangeskeymanytimes.这首曲子有多处变调.(b)(fig比喻)generaltoneorstyle
ofsth（事物的）基调,调子,调门儿:Herspeechwasallinthesamekey,iemonotonous.她
的演说自始至终是一个调子（单调乏味）.4[C]anyofthetofleversthatarepresdbythe
fingerstooperateatypewriter,piano,etc（打字机、钢琴等的）键.=>illusatApp1见附录1
插图,pagesx,xi.5[C](a)tofanswerstoexercisorproblems题解;答案:abookof
languagetests,completewithkey附答案的语言测验试题集.(b)explanationofthesymbols
udinacodedmessageoronamap,diagram,etc（地图、图表等上的）略语表,符号表,凡
例,图例.6[Cususing通常作单数]~(tosth)thingthatprovidesaccess,controlor
understanding关键;要诀:Dietandexerciarethekey(togoodhealth).吃固定食物、做运动
是（身体健康的）关键.*Thekeytothewholeaffairwashisjealousy.整个事情的症结是因为
他忌妒.7[sing]roughnessgiventoasurfacesothatplasterorpaintwillsticktoit（助灰浆或
颜料附著的）粗糙表面:Gentlysandtheplastictoprovideakeyforthepaint.用砂纸在塑料上
轻轻打磨出粗糙面以便涂颜料.8[C](botany植)wingedfruitofsometrees,egtheashand
elm翅果（如、榆等树的果实）.=>illusatApp1见附录1插图,pagei.9(idm习语)under
lockandkey=>lock2.
key
adj[attrib作定语]veryimportantoresntial极重要的;关键性的:akeyfigureinthedispute
争论中的关键人物*akeyindustry,speech,position重要的工业、讲话、位置.
keyboard
ntofkeys(key14)onatypewriter,piano,etc（打字机、钢琴等的）键盘.=>illusatcomputer
见computer插图.v1[I]operateakeyboard(egforttingprintingtype)用键盘操纵（如排
字）.2[Tn]enter(data)inacomputerbymeansofakeyboard用键盘将（数据）输入计算机.
`keyboardernpersonwhooperatesakeyboard操作键盘的人.
keyhole
nholethroughwhichakeyisputintoalock锁孔;钥匙孔.
keymoney
paymentillegallydemandedfromanewtenantofahouorflatbeforeheisallowedtomovein
钥匙费（向新房客非法索取的费用）.
keynote
n1centralthemeofaspeech,book,etc（演说、书等的）要旨,主题:Unemploymenthasbeen
thekeynoteoftheconference.会议的主题是失业问题.*[attrib作定语]akeynotespeech,ie
onettingthetonefororintroducingthethemeofameeting,etc定基调的演说.2(music音)
noteonwhichamusicalkeyisbad主音.
key-pad
nsmallkeyboardofnumberedbuttonsudinsteadofadialonatelephone,forlectinga
channel,etconatelevisiont,orforenteringdatainacomputer按钮式电话机键盘;电视频道
选择键盘;计算机袖珍键盘.
key-ring
nringonwhichkeysarekept钥匙圈.=>illus见插图.
keysignature
(music音)sharpsandflatsshownonapieceofmusicindicatingthekeyinwhichitiswritten调
号.=>illusatmusic见music插图.
keystone
n1(architecture建)centralstoneatthetopofanarchlockingtheothersintoposition拱顶石.
2(ususing通常作单数)(fig比喻)mostimportantpartofaplan,anargument,etconwhichall
theotherpartsdepend（计划、论据等的）基础,主旨:Beliefinalifeafterdeathisthekeystone
ofherreligiousfaith.她的宗教信仰的基础是相信死後有来生.Cf参看corner-stone
(corner1).
key
/ki:;ki/v1[Tn,Tn.p]~sth(in)(computing计)typein(data)usingakeyboard用键盘输入
（数据）:I'vekeyedthisntence(in)threetimes,andit'sstillwrong!我把这个句子输入了三次,
可是仍然不对!2[Tn]roughen(asurface)sothatplasterorpaintwillsticktoit将（表面）弄
粗糙（以便附著灰浆或颜料）.3(phrv)keysthtosth(a)makesthsimilartosthel使某事
物与他事物相似:Shekeyedhermoodtothatoftheotherguests.她控制住情绪使之与其他客
人一致.(b)makesthsuitableforsthel使某事物与他事物相适应:Thefarmwaskeyedtothe
needsofthelocalpeople.农场按当地人的需要作了调整.keysbup(usupassive通常用於被
动语态)makesbexcited,nervousorten使某人激动或紧张:Themanagerwarnedusnotto
gettookeyedupbeforethebigmatch.领队告诫我们在大赛之前不要太激动.
key(alsocay)
/ki:;ki/nlowislandorreef,espintheWIndiesandoffthecoastofFlorida低岛,暗礁,珊瑚礁
（尤指西印度群岛和美国佛罗里达州海岸处）.
KG
/9keI5dVi:;9ke`dVi/abbr缩写=(Brit)Knight(oftheOrder)oftheGarter嘉德勋爵士;英
格兰最高爵级勋章:bemadeaKG被封为嘉德勋爵士*SirThomasBellKG托马斯·贝尔嘉
德勋爵士.
kg
abbr缩写=kilogram(s):10kg10公斤.
KGB
/9keIdVi5bi:;9kedVi`bi/abbr缩写=USSRIntelligenceAgencysince1953(formerRussian
KomitetGosudarstvennoiBezopasnosti)克格勃（建於1953年,前苏联国家安全委员会的略
称）:aKGBagent克格勃特工人员*dealingwiththeKGB与克格勃打交道.
khaki
/5kB:kI;`kBkI/n[U],adj(clothofa)dullbrownish-yellowcolour,udespformilitaryuniforms
土黄色（的）,卡其布（的）（尤指用做军服的）.
kHz
abbr缩写=参看Hz.
kibbutz
/kI5bUts;kI`bJts/n(plkibbutzim/kIbU5tsi:m;kIbJ`tsim/)communalfarmorttlementinIsrael
基布兹（以色列的合作农场或居民点）.
kibbutznik
/-nIk;-nIk/nmemberofakibbutz基布兹成员.
kick
/kIk;kIk/v1(a)[Tn,]hit(sb/sth)withthefoot踢（某人[某物]）:Mummy,Peterkicked
me(ontheleg)!妈妈,彼得踢我（腿）!(b)[Tn,,Tn.p]move(sth)bydoingthis踢动（某
物）:Hekickedtheballintotheriver.他把球踢进河里了.*Canwekicktheballaroundfora
while?我们可以在这一带踢一会儿球吗?(c)[]make(sth)bykicking踢成（某物）:He
kickedaholeinthefence.他在篱笆上踹了个洞.(d)[I,Ip]movethefootorfeetinajerky
violentway猛烈地蹬、跺:Thechildwasscreamingandkicking.那孩子边喊叫边跺脚.*Be
carefulofthathoritoftenkicks.小心那匹马--它常尥蹶子.*(fig比喻)Shekicksoutwhen
she'sangry.她发起怒来暴跳如雷.2[Tn]~onelfbeveryannoyedwithonelfbecauone
hasdonesthstupid,misdanopportunity,etc（因干蠢事、坐失良机等）懊悔,内疚,自责:
WhenIdiscoveredI'dcomefortheappointmentonthewrongday,Icouldhavekickedmylf.
我来赴约发现把日期弄错了,感到非常懊恼.3[Tn](espinRugbyfootball)score(agoalor
conversion)bykickingtheball（尤指英式橄榄球）踢球（射门）得分:That'sthetwentiethgoal
he'skickedthisason.这是他本赛季踢进的第二十个球.4[I](ofagun)jerkbackwards
whenfired（指枪炮）反冲,後坐.5(idm习语)aliveandkicking=>/kickaman
whenhe'sdown=>man.,kickagainstthe`prickshurtonelfbyulessresistanceorprotest作
无谓的抵抗而自身受损;自讨苦吃.,kickthe`bucket(sl俚)die死;蹬腿儿.`kickthehabit
(infml口)giveupanaddiction戒除某嗜好:Doctorsshouldtrytopersuadesmokerstokickthe
habit.医生应说服吸烟者戒烟.,kickone's`heelshavenothingtodowhilewaitingforsth无聊
地等待某事物:Shehadtokickherheelsforhoursbecauthetrainwassolate.火车晚点,她无
聊地等了几小时.,kickoverthe`traces(ofaperson)refutoacceptdisciplineorcontrol(from
parents,etc)（指人）拒不接受（父母等的）管束,控制.kickup/raiadust=>dust1.,kickup
a`fuss,`row,shindy,stink,etc(infml口)cauadisturbance,espbyprotestingaboutsth闹事,
骚动（尤指抗议某事）.,kickupone's`heels(infml口)enjoyonelfenthusiastically尽情享乐;
乐得手舞足蹈.,kicksbup`stairs(infml口)getridofsbbypromotinghimtoapositionthat
emsmoreimportantbutinfactislessso使某人明升暗降.5(phrv)kickagainststhprotest
aboutorresiststh反对或反抗某事物:It'snoukickingagainsttherules.反对这些规定是徒
劳的.kickaround(infml口)beprent,aliveorinexistence活著;健在;存在:I'vebeen
kickingaroundEuropesinceIsawyoulast.你我分别以来,我一直在欧洲各地生活.*Myshirt
iskickingaroundonthefloorsomewhere.我的衬衫在地板上的什麽地方.*anideawhichhas
beenkickingaroundforsomeconsiderabletime酝酿已久的意见.kickstharound/round(infml
口)discuss(plans,ideas,etc)informally随便商谈,非正式地讨论（计划、想法等）:We'llkick
someideasaroundandmakeadecisiontomorrow.我们先酝酿一下,明天再作决定.kicksthin
breaksthinwardsbykicking向内踢某物:kickinadoor从外面把门踢开*kicksb'steethin
踢掉某人的牙.kick`offstartafootballmatch(bykickingtheball)（足球）开球:Unitedkicked
offandscoredalmostimmediately.联队开球後旋即得分.kick(sth)offbegin(ameeting,etc)
开始（会议等）:I'llaskTessatokickoff(thediscussion).我叫特萨开始（讨论）.kicksthoff
removesthbykicking踢掉某物:kickoffone'sslippers,shoes,etc踢脱拖鞋、鞋等.kicksbout
(ofsth)(infml口)expelsborndhimawaybyforce驱逐某人;用武力逼走某人:They
kickedhimout(oftheclub)forfighting.他因为斗殴被开除（出俱乐部）.
kicker
npersonwhokicks踢或踹的人.
kick-off
nstartofafootballmatch（足球比赛的）开球.
kick
/kIk;kIk/n1[C]actofkicking踢;踹:givesbakickupthebackside踢某人屁股一脚*If
thedoorwon'topengiveitakick.门要是打不开就踹一下.2[C](infml口)thrill;feelingof
pleasure兴奋;快感;快乐:Igetabigkickfrommotorracing.我觉得汽车比赛很刺激.*She
getsherkicksfromwindsurfingandskiing.她从帆板运动和滑雪中得到极大乐趣.*dosth
(just)forkicks（仅）为取乐而做某事.3[C](infml口)(usutemporary)interestoractivity（通
常为一时的）兴趣,喜好,活动:(beon)ahealth-foodkick一时喜好起保健食品.4[U,sing]
(infml口)strength;effectiveness精力;气力;效力:Hehasnokickleftinhim.他已精疲力竭.
*Thisdrinkhas(quite)akick(toit),ieisstrong.这酒（很）有劲儿.5(idm习语)akickinthe
teeth(infml口)unpleasantandoftenunexpectedaction讨厌的、且常为未料到的行动:The
Government'sdecisionisarealkickintheteethfortheunions.政府的决定是对工会的重大打
击.
kick-start
v[Tn]start(amotorcycle,etc)bypushingdownaleverwithone'sfoot用脚启动（摩托车等）.
kick-start(also`kick-starter)nthislever（摩托车等的）脚踏起动器.
kickback
/5kIkbAk;`kIk9bAk/n(infml口)moneypaidtosbwhohashelpedonetomakeaprofit,often
illegally回扣,酬金（常指不合法的）.
kid
/kId;kId/n1(a)[C](infml口)childoryoungperson小孩;年轻人:Howareyourwifeand
kids?夫人和孩子们都好吗?*Halfthekidsroundhereareunemployed.这里的年轻人有一半
失业.(b)[attrib作定语](infml口espUS)younger较年幼的:hiskidsister/brother他的妹妹
[弟弟].2(a)[C]younggoat小山羊.=>illusatgoat见goat插图.(b)[U]leathermadefromits
skin小山羊皮革:abagmadeofkid小山羊皮手提包*[attrib作定语]apairofkidgloves一
副小山羊皮手套.3(idm习语)handle,treat,etcsbwithkid`glovesdealwithsbverygentlyor
tactfully以温和的或圆通的手段对待某人.
kiddy(alsokiddie)
n(infml口)child小孩儿.
kid-glove
adj[attrib作定语]gentle;tactful温柔的;圆通的:Kid-glovemethodshaven'tworkedit'stime
togettough.既然软的办法不行--那就来硬的.
kid
/kId;kId/v(-dd-)1[I,Tn](infml口)deceive(sb),espplayfully;tea欺骗（某人）;（尤指）
戏弄;取笑:You'rekidding!你这是开玩笑!*Don'tkidyourlfitwon'tbeeasy.别欺骗自己
--这事不容易.2(idm习语),no`kidding(infml口)(udtoexpresssurpriatwhathasbeen
said用於对听说的事表示惊异):(ironic反语)`It'sraining.'`Nokidding!IwonderedwhyIwas
gettingwet!'｀下著雨呢.＇｀难怪!我刚才还纳闷怎麽身上有点湿呢!＇
kidnap
/5kIdnAp;`kIdnAp/v(-pp-;US-p-)[Tn]steal(sb)awaybyforceandillegally,espinorderto
obtainmoneyorother(esppolitical)demands诱拐,,劫持（某人）:Twobusinessmenhave
beenkidnappedbyterrorists.有两个商人让恐怖分子了.
kidnap
n[attrib作定语]:akidnapattempt,plot,victim的企图、阴谋、事主.
kidnapper
n:Thekidnappershavedemanded1millionforhissaferelea.的歹徒索要100万英镑赎
金才放他.
kidnapping
n[C,U](actof)stealingsbawayinthisway诱拐;;劫持:Thekidnappingoccurredin
broaddaylight.在光天化日之下竟发生事件.
kidney
/5kIdnI;`kIdnI/n(pl~s)1[C]eitherofapairoforgansinthebodythatremovewasteproducts
fromthebloodandproduceurine肾;肾脏.2[U,C]kidney(s)ofcertainanimalsudasfood
（用作食物的）腰子:twokilosoflamb'skidney两公斤羊腰子*[attrib作定语]steakand
kidneypie牛肉腰子馅饼.
kidneybean
(plantproducinga)reddish-brownkidney-shapedbean菜豆.
kidneymachine
(medical医)machinethatdoestheworkofkidneyswhichhavebecomediad人工肾;血液
透析器:putapatientonakidneymachine给病人装置人工肾.
kill
/kIl;kIl/v1[I,Tn,]caudeathorcauthedeathof(sb/sth)致死;杀死,扼杀（某人
[某事物]）:Carelessdrivingkills!开车大意危及生命!*Cancerkillsthousandsofpeopleevery
year.每年有数以千计的人死於癌症.*Theguardwaskilledwithahigh-poweredrifle.那卫兵
被杀伤力大的火枪击毙了.*(figinfml比喻,口)Mymotherwillkillme(iebeveryangrywith
me)whenshefindsoutwhereI'vebeen.我母亲要是知道我到过那地方非把我宰了不可（一定
大怒）.2[Tn](infml口)(usuinthecontinuoustens通常用於进行时态)caupainto(sb)
使（某人）疼痛,痛苦:Myfeetarekillingme.我的脚疼极了.3[Tn](a)(espinfootball)stop
(aball)suddenlyandcompletelywithone'sfoot（尤指足球）停（球）.(b)(espintennis)hit(a
ball)sothatitcannotbereturned（尤指网球）扣（球）.4[Tn]bring(sth)toanend终止,结
束,了结（某事物）:killsb'saffection,interest,appetite使某人失去好感、兴趣、胃口*the
goalthatkilledBrazil'schancesofwinning决定巴西队败局的一分.5[Tn,Cn.a](infml口)
cau(sth)tofailorberejected使（某事物）失败,遭拒绝:killaproject,aproposal,anidea,etc
(stonedead)使一计划、建议、想法等不能实现*Theplaywaskilledbybadreviews.那出
戏被贬斥的评论扼杀了.6[Tn](infml口)switchorturnoff关掉:killalight,theradio,acar
engine关掉灯、收音机、汽车发动机.7[Tn]make(onecolour)appearineffectiveby
contrastwithanother抵销（某一色彩）的效果:Thebrightredofthecurtainskillsthebrownof
thecarpet.这些鲜红色窗帘显得棕色地毯黯然失色.8(idm习语)bedresdtokill=>
itykilledthecat=>metokill=>time1.,killthefatted`calf(fmlor
jocsaying文或谑,谚)joyfullycelebratesb'sreturnorarrival欢宴或欢庆某人的归来或到
达.,killthe,goothat,laysthe,golden`eggs(saying谚)destroy(throughgreedorcarelessness)
sththatwouldhaveproducedcontinuousprofitinthefuture杀鸡取卵;自绝财源.killonelf
(doingsth/todosth)(infml口)trytoohard过分努力:Theparty'sateight,butdon'tkillyourlf
gettinghere/togethereontime.八点钟聚会,但是不必勉强赶时间来.,killor`cure[espattrib
尤作定语](likelyto)beeithercompletelysuccessfuloratotalfailure不是全胜就是大败:a
kill-or-cureapproachtotheproblem对问题采取非胜即败的态度*Thetoughnewmeasureson
drugabuarelikelytobeacaofkillorcure.禁毒新措施很强硬,大有成败取决於此之势.
kill`time;killtwo,afew,etchoursspendtimeaspleasantlyaspossiblebutunprofitably,esp
whilewaitingforsth消磨时间（尤指等待时）:Myflightwasdelayed,soIkilledtime/killedtwo
hoursreadingabook.我那趟班机误点了,我只好看书消磨时间[打发了两小时].
kill,two,birdswith,one`stoneachievetwoaimswithasingleactionorsimultaneously一石二
鸟;一箭双;一举两得.,killsbwith`kindnessharmsbbybeingexcessivelyormistakenly
kind溺爱某人反而使其受损.9(phrv)killsb/sthoffdestroyorgetridofsb/sth杀死某人;
破坏某事物;除掉某人[某事物]:killoffweeds,incts,rats灭除杂草、害虫、老鼠*He
killedoffallhispoliticalopponents.他把政敌排除一空.*(fig比喻)Theauthorkillsoffher
heroinChapter7.作者把她的主人翁安排在第七章中死去.
kill
n1actofkilling杀死:Thelionmadeonlyonekillthatday.那天狮子只捕杀了一个猎物.2
(ususing通常作单数)animal(s)killed被杀死的动物:Thehuntersbroughttheirkillbackto
camp.猎人把猎物带回营地.3(idm习语)go/moveinforthe`killpreparetofinishoffan
opponent准备干掉或打倒对手.(be),inatthe`kill(be)prentattheclimaxofastruggle,etc
斗争等最激烈时在场:Shewantstobeinatthekillwhenhisbusinessfinallycollaps.她想在
他的公司最终倒台时亲临现场.
killer
nperson,animalorthingthatkills杀生的人、动物或事物:Policearehuntingherkiller.警方
正在追捕杀害她的凶手.*Heroinisakiller.海洛因是致命的毒品.*[attrib作定语]akiller
dia致命的疾病*Sharkshavethekillerinstinct.鲨鱼有嗜杀的本性.
killjoy
n(derog贬)personwhospoilstheenjoymentofothers使人扫兴的人.
killing
/5kIlIN;`kIlIN/n(idm习语),makea`killinghaveagreatfinancialsuccess大走财运;鸿运亨
通:She'smadeakillingonthestockmarket.她在股票市场上大发了一笔财.
killing
adj(infml口)1exhausting使人筋疲力尽的:walkatakillingpace拚命赶路.2very
amusing极为有趣的;滑稽可笑的:akillingjoke极为有趣的笑话.killinglyadv(infml口)
extremely非常地;极端地:akillinglyfunnyfilm非常有趣的影片.
kiln
/kIln;kIln/novenforbakingpotteryorbricks,dryinghopsorwood,burninglime,etc窑.
kilo
/5ki:lEU;`kilo/n(pl~s)kilogram.
kilo-
combform构词成分thousand千:kilogram*kilometre.=>App11见附录11.
kilocycle
/5kIlEsaIkl;`kIlE9saIkl/n(dated旧)=kilohertz.
kilogram(alsokilogramme)
/5kIlEgrAm;`kIlE9^rAm/n(abbr缩写kg)basicunitofmassintheSIsystem;1000grams千
克;公斤.=>App5,11见附录5、11.
kilohertz
/5kIlEh:ts;`kIlo9h[ts/n(plunchanged复数不变)(abbr缩写kHz)(alsokilocycle)unitof
frequencyofelectromagneticwaves;1000hertz千赫（频率单位,等於1000赫兹）.
kilometre(USkilometer)
/5kIlEmi:tE(r),kI5lCmItE(r);`kIlE9mitL/n(abbr缩写km)metricunitoflength;1000metres.
公里,千米（公制长度单位,等於1000米）.=>App4,5见附录4、5.
kilowatt
/5kIlEwCt;`kIlE9wBt/n(abbrs缩写kW,kw)unitofelectricalpower;1000watts千瓦（电的
功率单位,等於1000瓦特）.
kilt
/kIlt;kIlt/n(a)pleatedknee-lengthskirtoftartanwool,wornbymenaspartofScottishnational
costume（苏格兰男子穿的）短褶裙（羊毛织成长及膝盖,为苏格兰民族服装的一部分）.
=>illusatbagpipes见bagpipes插图.(b)similarskirtwornbywomenorchildren（妇女或儿童
穿的类似上述的）短褶裙.
kilted
adjwearingakilt穿著短褶裙的.
kimono
/kI5mEUnEU;?@-nE;kE`monE/n(pl~s)(a)longlooJapanerobewithwidesleeves,worn
withasash和服（日式长袍）.(b)dressing-gownremblingthis（和服式）晨服.
kin
/kIn;kIn/n1[plv](datedorfml旧或文)one'sfamilyandrelatives家人和亲戚:Allhiskin
wereatthewedding.他的家人和亲戚都参加了婚礼.*He'smykin,ierelatedtome.他是我的
亲戚.*Wearenearkin,ieclolyrelated.我们是近亲.Cf参看kindred2.2(idm习语)kith
andkin=>osbnotrelatedtosb与某人无亲属关系.Cf参看nextofkin(next1).
kinsfolk
/5kInzfEUk;`kInz9fok/n[plv]=kin.
kinship
n[U]1bloodrelationship血缘关系;亲属关系:claimkinshipwithsb声称与某人有血缘关
系.2(fig比喻)closympathyorsimilarityofcharacter深切的同情;性格的相似:Even
aftermeetingonlyonce,theyfeltakinship.他们虽然只见了一面,但已是一见如故了.
kinsman
/5kInzmEn;`kInzmEn/n(pl-men/-mEn;-mEn/)(fml文)malerelative男亲属.
kinswoman
n(pl-women)(fml文)femalerelative女亲属.
kind
/kaInd;kaInd/adjfriendlyandthoughtfultoothers亲切的;和蔼的;友好的;仁慈的;慈爱的:
Wouldyoubekindenoughto/besokindastohelpme?请你帮帮我的忙好吗?*akindman,
gesture,face,thought友好的人、姿势、面容、想法*Shealwayshasakindwordfor(iestops
tospeakkindlyto)everyone.她跟谁都能和蔼地谈谈话.
kindly
adv1inakindmanner亲切地;和蔼地;友好地;仁慈地;慈爱地:treatsbkindly善待某人
*Hespokekindlytothem.他和蔼地和他们谈话.2(udwhenmakingpoliterequestsor
ironicallywhenorderingsbtodosth用作请求时的礼貌用语或把命令说成请求的反语)plea
请:Wouldyoukindlyholdthisforamoment?请您帮著拿一会儿这个东西.*Kindlyleaveme
alone!劳您驾别打扰我!3(idm习语)takekindlytosb/sth(usuinnegativentences通常用
於否定句)bepleadbysth;acceptsb/sthwillingly喜欢某事物;欣然接受或接纳某人[某事
物]:Shedidn'ttake(atall)kindlytobeingcalledplump.她（一点都）不喜欢人家说她丰满.*I
don'tthinkhetakeskindlytoforeigntourists.我认为他不喜欢外国游客.
kindness
n1[U]qualityofbeingkind亲切;和蔼;仁慈;好意:Shealwaysshowskindnesstochildren
andanimals.她对孩子和动物总是很温柔.*Hediditentirelyoutofkindness,notforthemoney.
他做那件事纯粹是出於好意,并非为钱.2[C]kindact好心的表现或行为:Icanneverrepay
hermanykindnesstome.我无法回报她对我的许多帮助.3(idm习语)do/showsba
`kindnessdosthkindforsb好心地为某人做某事物.killsbwithkindness=>kof
humankindness=>milk1.
kind-hearted
adjhavingakindnature;sympathetic好心的;善良的;同情的.
kind
/kaInd;kaInd/n1[C]grouphavingsimilarcharacteristics;sort;type;variety种类:fruitof
variouskinds/variouskindsoffruit各种水果*Doyouwantallthesamekind,oramixture?您
都要同一种的还是要什锦的?*Don'ttrusthim:Iknowhiskind,iewhatsortofpersonheis.别
相信他,这种人我了解.*She'snotthekind(ofwoman/person)tolie.她不是那种爱撒谎的
（女）人.2[U]nature;character本质;性质:Theydifferinsizebutnotinkind.这些东西的
区别只是大小不同而实质一样.3(idm习语)inkind(a)(ofpayment)ingoodsornatural
produce,notinmoney（指偿付）以实物偿付:Whenhehadnomoney,thefarmersometimes
udtopaymeinkind,egwithasackofpotatoes.那个农民没有现款时,有时候给我些东西抵
帐（如给一袋土豆）.(b)(fig比喻)withsomethingsimilar以同样方式:repayinsultsinkind,ie
bybeinginsultinginreturn受到侮辱後以同样方式侮辱对方.akindof(infml口)(udto
expressuncertainty用以表示不确):Ihadakindof(ieavague)feelingthismighthappen.我隐
约感到这事可能发生.*He'sakindofunofficialadvir,butI'mnotsureexactlywhathedoes.
他像个非官方的顾问,但说不好他究竟是干什麽的.kindof(infml口)slightly;tosomeextent
稍微;有点儿;有几分:I'mnotsurewhy,butIfeelkindofsorryforhim.不知为什麽,我有点
为他惋惜.*`Issheinterested?'`Well,kindof.'｀她感兴趣吗?＇｀嗯,有点儿.＇nothingofthe
`kind/sortnotatalllikeit一点都不像;毫无类似处:Peoplehadtoldmeshewasverypleasant
butshe'snothingofthekind.人家告诉我她很可爱,可是她根本不是那样.ofakind(a)very
similar很相似的;同一类的:Theylookalike,talkalike,eventhinkalikethey'retwoofa
kind/they'reverymuchofakind.他们长得很像、说话很像、连想法都很像--他们俩完全是
一个类型.(b)(derog贬)ofaninferiorkind低劣的;差劲的:Thetownofferntertainmentsof
akind,butnothinglikewhatyou'llfindinthecity.镇上有些所谓的娱乐,但与城里的截然不同.
somethingofthekindsomethinglikewhathasbeensaid类似所说的某事:Didyousaythey're
moving?I'dheardsomethingofthekindmylf.是你说他们要搬家吗?我也听到过这样的话.
kind
NOTEONUSAGE用法:1Afterkindof/sortofitisusualtohaveasingularnoun在kind
of/sortof之後通常有个单数名词:Whatkindof/sortoftreeisthat?那是什麽树?*Thereare
manydifferentkindsof/sortsofsnakeinSouthAmerica.南美洲有很多种蛇.Informally,itis
possibletouapluralnounthus口语中可以用复数名词:Ihavemetallkindsof/sortsof
salesmen,tourists,etc.我见过各种各样的售货员、游客等.Inmoreformalusagetheplural
nouncanbeputinfront在比较庄重的用语中,复数名词可放在前面:Peopleofthatkind/sort
neverapologize.那种人从来不向人道歉.*Snakesofmanykinds/sortsarefoundinSouth
America.南美洲有很多种蛇.2Kindof/sortofarealsoudinformallytoindicatethat
somebodyorsomethingisnotgenuineorofgoodquality,ortosuggestvagueness口语中kind
of/sortof还可指某人或某事物的情况不是真的或不那麽好,或表示说不准:Ihadakind
of/sortofholidayinthesummerbutIcouldn'treallyrelax.我算是放了暑假了,但却未能真正
休息.*Hegaveakindof/sortofsmileandlefttheroom.他像是笑了一下就离开了房间.3
KindofandsortofareudinveryinformalEnglishasadverbs.*kindof和sortof在极通俗的口
语中可用作副词.Theymean`tosomeextent'这两个词组的意思都是｀在某种程度上＇:She
kindof/sortoflikeshim.她有点儿喜欢他.
kindergarten
/5kIndEgB:tn;`kIndL9^Brtn/nschoolforveryyoungchildren;nurryschool幼儿园.
kindle
/5kIndl;`kIndl/v1[I,Tn](causthto)catchfire（使某物）燃烧,著火:Thiswoodistoowet
tokindle.这木头潮得点不著.*Thesparkskindledthedrygrass.有些火星把乾草给引著了.
2(fig比喻)(a)[Tn]arouorstimulate(feelings,etc)激起（感情等）:kindlehopes,interest,
anger激起希望、兴趣、怒火.(b)[I,Ipr]~(withsth)becomebright;shineorglow发亮;放
光;明亮起来:Hereyeskindledwithexcitement.她兴奋得双目炯炯发光.
kindling
/5kIndlIN;`kIndlIN/n[U]smalldrypiecesofwood,etcforlightingfires引火物（小块的乾柴
等）.
kindly
/5kaIndlI;`kaIndlI/adj[usuattrib通常作定语](-ier,-iest)kindorfriendlyincharacter,manner
orappearance亲切的;和蔼的;友好的;仁慈的;慈爱的:akindlyman,voice,smile慈祥的
人、声音、微笑*givesbsomekindlyadvice给某人以友好的劝告.
kindliness
n[U].
kindly
=>kind.
kindred
/5kIndrId;`kIndrId/n(fml文)1[U]familyrelationship亲属关系:claimkindredwithsb声
称与某人有亲属关系.2[plv]one'sfamilyandrelatives家人和亲戚:Mostofhiskindredstill
liveinIreland.他的亲戚大部分仍住在爱尔兰.Cf参看kin1.
kindred
adj[attrib作定语](fml文)1havingacommonsource;related同宗的;同源的;有关的:
kindredfamilies同宗亲属*EnglishandDutcharekindredlanguages.英语和荷兰语是同源的
语言.2similar类似的;相似的:huntingandshootingandkindredactivities打猎、射击及之
类的活动.3(idm习语)akindred`spiritpersonwhotastes,feelings,etcaresimilartoone's
own意气相投的人:Weimmediatelyrealizedthatwewerekindredspirits.我们马上发觉彼此
志同道合.
kinetic
/kI5netIk;kI`nZtIk/adj[espattrib尤作定语]oforproducedbymovement运动的;运动引起
的:kineticenergy,iethatgeneratedbyamovingbody动能.
kinetically
/-klI;-klI/adv.
kinetics
n[singv]scienceoftherelationsbetweenthemovementofbodiesandtheforcesactingonthem
动力学.
kineticart
art(espsculpture)thatdependsforitffectonthemovementofsomeofitsparts,eginair
currents动态艺术,（尤指）动态雕塑（藉活动部件在气流等中的运动造成动感效果的）.
king
/kIN;kIN/n1(titleofthe)malerulerofanindependentstate,usuinheritingthepositionby
rightofbirth君主;国王;国王的称号:theKingofDenmark丹麦国王*KingEdwardVII爱
德华七世*bemade/crownedking被立为[加冕为]国王.Cf参看queen.2person,animalor
thingregardedasbestormostimportantinsomeway重要的人、动物或事物;大王:Tohis
fans,Elviswillalwaysbe`theKing'.埃尔维斯的歌迷永远称他为歌王.*thekingofbeasts/of
thejungle,iethelion百兽[丛林]之王（狮子）*BaroloisthekingofItalianredwines.巴罗洛
是意大利红葡萄酒之王.3[attrib作定语]largestvarietyofaspecies同类中之最大型的:
kingcobra,penguin,prawn,etc眼镜王蛇、王企鹅、宽沟对虾等.4(a)(inchess)themost
importantpiece（国际象棋的）王.=>illusatchess见chess插图.(b)(indraughts)piecethathas
beencrownedonreachingtheopponent'ssideoftheboard（国际跳棋的）王棋（抵对方底线升
为王的棋子）.(c)(inplaying-cards)anyoffourcardswiththepictureofakingon（纸牌中的）
K:thekingofspades黑桃K.5(idm习语)theKing's/Queen'sEnglish=>English.a,king's
`ransomverylargeamountofmoney重金;巨款:Thatpaintingmustbeworthaking'sransom.
那幅画一定价值连城.turnKing's/Queen'vidence=>rownedking/queen=>
uncrowned.
kingly
adjof,likeorsuitableforaking;regal（似）国王的;适於国王的;威严的.
kingliness
n[U].
kingship
/-FIp;-FIp/n[U]conditionofbeing,orofficialpositionof,aking国王身分;王位;王权.
kingmaker
npersonwhocontrolsappointmentstopositionsofhigh(esppolitical)authority操纵任命（尤指
政界）要职的人.
kingpin
n1(engineering工)verticalboltudasapivot主销;主螺栓.2(fig比喻)esntialperson
orthing主要的人或事物:He'sthekingpinofthewholeteam.他是全队的主力.
king-size(alsoking-sized)
adj[espattrib尤作定语]largerthannormal;extralarge比正常大的;特大的:aking-sizebed,
cigarette,hamburger特大的床、香烟、汉堡包*king-sizedportions特大份.
King's/Queen'sBench(abbrs缩写KB,QB)
(Britlaw律)divisionoftheHighCourtofJustice（高等法院中的）王座法庭.
King's/Queen'sCounl(abbrs缩写KC,QC)
(Britlaw律)barristerappointedtoactforthegovernment御用律师.
kingcup
/5kINkQp;`kIN9kQp/nlargevarietyofbuttercup;marshmarigold鳞茎毛莨;驴蹄草.
kingdom
/5kINdEm;`kINdEm/n1countryorstateruledbyakingorqueen王国:theUnitedKingdom
英国.2anyoneofthethreedivisionsofthenaturalworld界（大自然的三大类别）:theanimal,
plant/vegetableandmineralkingdoms动物、植物、矿物三界.3(fig比喻)areabelongingto
orassociatedwithaparticularthingorperson领域:thekingdomoftheimagination想像的领域
*thekingdomunderthewaves,iethea大海.4(idm习语)till/untilkingdom`come(infml
口)forever永久;永远:Don'tmentionpoliticsorwe'llbeheretillkingdomcome.咱们别谈政
治吧,否则一谈就没个完.tokingdom`come(infml口)intothelifeafterdeath去天国:goneto
kingdomcome,iedead上天国了（死了）*Thebombexplodedandblewthemalltokingdom
come.炸弹爆炸把他们全都归天了.
kingfisher
/5kINfIFE(r);`kIN9fIFL/nsmallbrightly-colouredbirdthatdivestocatchfishinrivers,etc翠
鸟,鱼狗（羽毛鲜艳、能在河湖上潜水捕鱼的小鸟）.=>illusatApp1见附录1插图,pagev.
kink
/kINk;kINk/n1sharptwistinsththatisnormallystraight,egawire,rope,pipe,hair,etc扭结
（如铁丝、绳索、管子、毛发等）.2(figusuderog比喻,通常作贬义)mentalormoral
peculiarity乖僻;奇想:He'sgotafewkinksinhispersonality,ifyouaskme.我认为他的个性
有些怪僻.
kink
v[I,Tn,](causthto)formkinks（使某物）扭结:Keepthewirestretchedtightdon'tlet
itkink.把铁丝拉紧,别让它扭成结.
kinky
adj(infmlderog口,贬)bizarreorabnormal,espinxualbehaviour变态的,不正常的（尤指
性行为）:There'slotsofstraightxinthefilm,butnothingkinky.那部影片里有不少性行为镜
头,但是没有变态的.
kinkiness
n[U].
kinsfolk
=>kin.
kinsman
=>kin.
kinswoman
=>kin.
kiosk
/5ki:Csk;kI`Bsk/n1smallopenstructurewherenewspapers,refreshments,etcaresold（出售
报纸、饮料等的）小摊棚,售货亭.2(dated旧Brit)publictelephoneboxorbooth公用电
话亭.
kip
/kIp;kIp/n[Cususing,U作可数名词时通常作单数,亦作不可数名词](Britsl俚)sleep睡
觉:haveakip睡一觉*getsomekip睡会儿觉.
kip
v(-pp-)[I,Ipr,Ip](Britsl俚)liedowntosleep躺下睡觉:CouldIkipheretonight?今晚我可
以在这儿睡吗?*kipdown(onthefloor)（在地板上）躺下睡觉*kipoutinafield在田地里
露宿.
kipper
/5kIpE(r);`kIpL/nsaltedherring,splitopenanddriedorsmoked腌晒或熏制的鲱鱼.
YomKippur
/9jCm5kIpE(r),9jCmkI5pUE(r);9jom`kIpL,9jomkI`pJr/annualJewishholidayobrvedwith
fastingandprayersofpenitence赎罪日（一年一度的犹太人的节日,於此日禁食及作忏悔祈
祷）.
kirk
/k:k;k[k/n(Scot苏格兰)church教堂:goto(the)kirk上教堂去.
kirsch
/kIEF;kILF/n[U]colourlessliqueurmadefromcherries（无色的）樱桃酒.
kismet
/5kIzmet,5kIs-;`kIzmZt,`kIs-/n[U](rhet修辞)destiny;fate命运;天命.
kiss
/kIs;kIs/v[I,Tn,]1touch(sb/sth)withthelipstoshowaffectionorasagreeting吻（某
人[某物]）:Theykisdpassionatelywhenshearrived.她一来到,他们就热烈亲吻.*kissthe
childrengoodnight吻孩子向他们道晚安*Shekisdhimonthelips.她吻了吻他的双唇.2
(idm习语)kisssthgoodbye/kissgoodbyetosth(sl俚)acceptthelossorfailureofsthascertain
承认某事物的损失或失败已成定局:Youcankissgoodbyetoaholidaythisyearwe'veno
money!今年你别指望度假了--咱们没钱!3(phrv)kisssthawayremovesthwithkiss吻掉
某物:Letmummykissyourtearsaway,iehelpyoutostopcryingbykissingyou.让妈妈吻去你
的眼泪.
kiss
n1touchorcaressgivenwiththelips吻:givesbakiss给某人一吻.2(idm习语)blowa
kiss=>sof`death(infmlespjoc口,尤作戏谑语)apparentlyfavourableaction
thatmakesfailurecertain貌似有利却导致失败的行动:oneofthopolitelukewarmreviews
thatarethekissofdeathforacommercialfilm措辞温和有礼而其实是扼杀一营利影片的评论.
kissable
adj(approv褒)invitingkiss诱人亲吻的:kissablelips撩人欲吻的唇*Darling,youlookso
kissabletonight.亲爱的,你今晚美得诱人欲吻.
kisr
n(sl俚)mouth嘴:apunchinthekisr在嘴上的重击.
thekissoflife
mouth-to-mouthmethodofrestoringbreathingtosavethelifeofsbinjuredorrescuedfrom
drowning口对口的人工呼吸:(fig比喻)theGovernment's2millionkissoflifefortheailing
cottonindustry政府为挽救气息奄奄的棉纺工业的200万英镑应急款.
kit
/kIt;kIt/n1[U]clothingandpersonalequipmentofasoldier,etcoratraveller（士兵等或旅行
者的）衣物和装备:Theymarchedtwentymilesinfullkit.他们带著全副装备行军二十英里.
2[C,U]equipmentneededforaparticular(espsporting)activity,situationortrade为某种活动
（尤指运动）、场合或行业用的成套用品:a`tool-kit一套工具*afirst-`aidkit一套急救用
品*are`pairkit一套修理工具*`shavingkit刮脸用具*`riding-kit骑马装备*`tenniskit
网球用具*`sportskit运动用品.3[C]tofpartssoldtogethertobeasmbledbythe
purchar配套元件（供购买者装配的）:akittobuildamodelrailwaylocomotive一套火车头
模型拼具*[attrib作定语]furnitureinkitform组合家具.
kit
v(-tt-)(phrv)kitsbout/up(withsth)equipsb给某人装备:Kitthismanoutwitheverythinghe
needs.他需要什麽就给他什麽装备.*Hewasallkittedouttogoskiing.他已整装待发要去滑
雪了.
kitbag
nlongcanvasbaginwhichsoldiers,etccarrytheirkit背色;背袋;行李袋.
kitchen
/5kItFIn;`kItFIn/n1roomorbuildinginwhichmealsarecookedorprepared厨房:[attrib作
定语]thekitchentable厨房用桌*kitchenunits,iecupboards,etcformingpartofafitted
kitchen厨房设备（如厨柜等）.2(idm习语)everythingbutthekitchen`sink(infmljoc口,
谑)everypossible(movable)object所有（能移动的）物品:Wealwaysemtotakeeverything
butthekitchensinkwhenwegoonholiday.我们度假时好像总把一切能带的东西都带著.
kitchenette
/9kItFI5net;9kItFIn`Zt/nsmallroomorpartofaroomudasakitchen,eginaflat小厨房;房
间里辟作厨事用的一角.
kitchengarden
gardenorpartofagardenwherefruitandvegetablesaregrown家庭菜园;花园中辟作种水果
蔬菜的一角.
kitchensinkdrama
typeofBritishdramathatattemptstoshowrealisticworking-classfamilylife（英国）工人阶级
生活剧.
kite
/kaIt;kaIt/n1toyconsistingofalightframeworkcoveredwithpaper,cloth,etcthatisflownin
thewindattheendofalongstring风筝.2birdofpreyofthehawkfamily鸢.3(idm习语)
flyakite=>/one'skite=>fly2.
kite-flying
n[U]1(sportof)flyingkitesinthewind放风筝（的运动）.2(infml口)testingpublic
reactiontosthbystartingarumouraboutit放风声以试探舆论反应.
Kitemark
/5kaItmB:k;`kaIt9mBrk/n(Brit)officialmark,intheformofakite,ongoodsapprovedbythe
BritishStandardsInstitution风筝标记（用在英国标准协会认可的商品上,形似风筝）.
kith
/kIW;kIW/n(idm习语)kithandkinfriendsandrelations亲友.
kitsch
/kItF;kItF/n[U](derog贬)(a)cheapandshowyvulgarityorpretentiousnessinart,design,etc
（艺术、设计等的）俗气、矫饰等:Thatnewlampthey'veboughtispurekitsch.他们新买的
那盏灯真俗气.(b)art,design,etcofthistype俗气的艺术、设计等.
kitten
/5kItn;`kItn/n1youngcat小猫.2(idm习语)have`kittens(Britinfml口)beveryanxious,
ten,etc焦虑;烦躁:Mymum'llhavekittensifI'mnothomebymidnight.要是半夜我还不回
家,我妈妈一定很著急.
kittenish
adjplayfullikeakitten小猫般淘气的;顽皮的.
kitty
/5kItI;`kItI/n1(insomecard-games)poolofmoneytobeplayedfor（某些牌戏中的）全部
赌注.2(infml口)anyformofmoneyforjointu,egthesavingsofaclub共同的资金（如俱
乐部的储金）:Weeachput2inthekitty,andthenntJohntobuyfoodforeverybody.我们每人
凑2英镑,让约翰去给大家买吃的.
kitty
/5kItI;`kItI/n(infml口)(udbyortoyoungchildren儿语)catorkitten小猫.
kiwi
/5ki:wi:;`kiwI/n1NewZealandbirdthatcannotfly,withalongbill,shortwingsandnotail
几维（产於新西兰的鸟,喙长、翼短、无尾、不能飞）.2Kiwi(infml口)NewZealander,
espasoldierormemberofanationalsportsteam新西兰人（尤指士兵或国家运动员）.
kiwifruit
smallovalfruitwiththinbrownskin,softgreenfleshandblackeds猕猴桃.
KKK
/9keIkeI5keI;9keke`ke/abbr缩写=(US)Ku-Klux-Klan三K党.
klaxon
/5klAksn;`klAksEn/n(propr专利名)powerfulelectricwarninghornorsiren高音电喇叭或警
报器.
Kleenex
/5kli:neks;`kli9nZks/n[U,C](plunchangedor~es复数或不变或作kleenexes)(propr专利
名)(sheetof)softpapertissue,udasahandkerchief,etc纸巾:apacketofKleenex一包纸巾.
kleptomania
/9kleptE5meInIE;9klZptE`menIE/n[U]illnessthatcausanuncontrollabledesiretosteal
things,oftenwithnowishtoposssthethingsstolen偷窃狂;盗窃癖.
kleptomaniac
/-nIAk;-nIAk/npersonsufferingfromkleptomania患偷窃狂者;有盗窃癖者.adj[attrib作
定语]:kleptomaniactendencies患偷窃狂的;有盗窃癖的.
km
abbr缩写=(plunchangedorkms复数或不变或作kms)kilometre(s):a10kmwalk步行10
公里的路程*distancetobeach2kms距海滨2公里.
kn
abbr缩写=(nautical海)knot(s):35kn35节.
knack
/nAk;nAk/n[sing]1skillatperformingsomespecialtask;ability技巧;诀窍:Makingan
omeletteiasyonceyou'vegottheknack(ofit).一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的技巧,做起来就很容
易了.*There'saknackin/tolockingthisdoorwhichtakesawhiletomaster.锁这门要有窍门,
得用些时间才能学会.*Iudtobeabletoskatequitewell,butI'velosttheknack.我从前滑水
滑得很不错,可现在没有这本事了.2~ofdoingsth(oftenannoying)habitofdoingsth（常招
人厌烦的）毛病,习惯:MycarhasaknackofbreakingdownjustwhenIneeditmost.我的汽车
总是在我最需要的时候抛锚.
knacker
/5nAkE(r);`nAkL/n1personwhobuysandslaughtersulesshorstollthemeatandhides
购买并屠杀无用的马的人（为卖马肉和皮）.2personwhobuysandbreaksupoldbuildings,
etctollthematerialsinthem收买并拆除旧建筑物等以售其材料的人.
knacker'syard
knacker'splaceofbusiness上述两种人做生意的场所.
knacker
/5nAkE(r);`nAkL/v[Tn](Britsl俚)exhaust(sb);wearout使（某人）筋疲力尽:Allthishard
workisknackeringme.所有这些艰巨的工作把我累得筋疲力尽.
knackered
adj[esppred尤作表语](Britsl俚)exhausted;wornout筋疲力尽:I'mcompletelyknackered
Iranalltheway!我累坏了--我是跑著来的!
knapsack
/5nApsAk;`nAp9sAk/n(dated旧)=rucksack.
knave
/neIv;nev/n1(fml文)=jack14:theknaveofhearts红桃杰克.2(arch古)dishonestman;
manwithouthonour不诚实的人;不名誉的人.
knavery
/5neIvErI;`nevErI/n[U](arch古)dishonesty;trickery不诚实;欺诈.
knavish
/5neIvIF;`nevIF/adj(arch古)deceitful欺诈的.
knavishly
adv.
knave
/neIv;nev/n1(fml文)=jack14:theknaveofhearts红桃杰克.2(arch古)dishonestman;
manwithouthonour不诚实的人;不名誉的人.
knavery
/5neIvErI;`nevErI/n[U](arch古)dishonesty;trickery不诚实;欺诈.
knavish
/5neIvIF;`nevIF/adj(arch古)deceitful欺诈的.
knavishly
adv.
knead
/ni:d;nid/v1[Tn,]pressandstretch(breaddough,wetclay,etc)withthehandstoforma
firmsmoothpaste揉,捏（面团、湿黏土等）:Kneadthedough(intoaball)把面团揉成球形.
2[Tn]massage(muscles,etc)firmlytorelievetensionorpain按摩,揉捏（肌肉等）.
knee
/ni:;ni/n1(a)jointbetweenthethighandlowerpartofthehumanleg;correspondingjointin
animals膝;膝盖.=>illusathuman见human插图.(b)uppersurfaceofasittingperson'sthigh
（人坐著时）大腿的朝上的面:sitonmyknee坐在我的腿上*You'llhavetoeatyourdinner
offyourknees,I'mafraid!对不起,这顿饭你只好把餐具放在腿上吃了!2partofagarment
coveringtheknee（裤子等的）膝部:Thetroursaretornattheknee.这裤子的膝部破了.3
(idm习语)be/go(down)onone's`kneeskneelorbekneeling(down),espwhenprayingorto
showthatoneacceptsdefeat跪下,跪著（尤指祈祷或屈服时）.thebee'sknees=>b
tohis`kneesforcesbtosubmit迫使某人屈服:(fig比喻)Thecountrywasalmostbroughttoits
kneesbythelongstrike.经长期罢工,国家已濒临崩溃的边缘.onbendedknee=>
attheknees=>weak.
knee
v(pt,ppkneed)[Tn,,Cn.a]strikeorpushwiththeknee用膝盖顶或撞:kneesb(inthe
groin)用膝盖顶某人（的阴部）*kneethedooropen用膝盖把门撞开.
knee-breeches
n[pl]breechesreachingtoorjustbelowtheknee（及膝或刚过膝的）短裤.
kneecap
nsmallbonecoveringthefrontofthekneejoint髌骨;膝盖骨.=>illusatskeleton见skeleton
插图.v(-pp-)[Tn](ofterroristgroups)lame(sb)bybreakingthekneecaps,espbyshootingat
them（指恐怖集团）击碎（某人）的膝盖骨（尤指枪击）.
kneecapping
n[C,U](instanceof)thispractice击碎膝盖骨.
knee-deep
adj1deepenoughtoreachtheknees深及膝的:thesnowwasknee-deepinplaces.有些地方
雪深及膝.2~insth(fig比喻)deeplyinvolvedinorverybusywithsth深陷其中;忙於某事:
beknee-deepintrouble,work烦恼、工作缠身.adv:Hewentknee-deepintheicywater.他在
及膝深的冰冷的水中跋涉.
knee-high
adj1highenoughtoreachtheknees及膝高的:,knee-high`grass及膝高的草.2(idm习语)
knee-hightoa`grasshopper(joc谑)stilljustaverysmallchild还是很小的孩子:I'veknown
himsincehewasknee-hightoagrasshopper.他很小的时候我就认识他了.
knee-jerk
n1involuntaryjerkofthelegwhenatendonbelowthekneeisstruck膝反射.2[attrib作定
语](figderog比喻,贬)doneorproducedautomaticallyandwithoutthought自动的;不经思考
而做的:aknee-jerkreactiontothementionofCommunism一提共产主义就不加思索做出的反
应.
knee-length
adjlongenoughtoreachtheknee长及膝部的:aknee-lengthskirt长及膝部的裙子.
knees-up
n(Britinfml口)livelyparty,usuwithdancing活跃的集会（通常有跳舞项目）.
kneel
/ni:l;nil/v(pt,ppknelt/nelt;nZlt/orespUSkneeled)=>Usageatdream用法见dream.[I,Ipr,
Ip]~(down)godownononeorbothknees;restontheknee(s)单膝或双膝跪下;屈膝:She
kneltinprayer.她跪下祈祷.*kneeldown(onthegrass)toexamineaflower（在草地上）跪下
细看一朵花.
knell
/nel;nZl/n(ususing通常作单数)1soundofabellrungslowlyafteradeathoratafuneral
丧钟声.2(figrhet比喻,修辞)signthatsthhandedforever某事物结束的徵兆:It
soundedthe(death-)knellofallherhopes.那事听起来就像是给她的一切希望敲起了丧钟.
knew
ptofknow.
knick-knack(alsonick-nack)
/5nIknAk;`nIk9nAk/n(esppl尤作复数)(sometimesderog有时作贬义)smallornamental
article,usuoflittlevalue小饰物;小玩意儿.
knickerbockers
/5nIkEbCkEz;`nIkL9bBkLz/(USknickers/5nIkEz;`nIkAz/)n[pl](espformerly)loowide
breechesgatheredjustbelowtheknee（尤指旧时）灯笼裤.
knickers
/5nIkEz;`nIkLz/n[pl]1(Brit)woman'sorgirl'sunderpants（女用）内裤:apairofknickers一
条女用内裤.2(US)=knickerbockers.3(idm习语)getone's`knickersinatwist(Britsl俚)
becomeangry,confud,nervous,etc;reacttosthmorestronglythanisnecessary恼火、困惑、
紧张等;对某事物反应过激.
knife
/naIf;naIf/n(plknives/naIvz;naIvz/)1sharpbladewithahandle,udforcuttingorasa
weapon刀:a`table-knife餐刀*a`carving-knife切熟肉的刀*a`paper-knife裁纸刀*
He'dbeenstabbedfourtimeswithakitchenknife.有人用菜刀捅了他四刀.2cuttingbladeina
machineortool（机器或工具的）刀.3(idm习语)youcould,cutitwitha`knife(infml口)it
wasveryobviousorheavy很明显;很突出;浓重:Hisaccentissothickyoucouldcutitwitha
knifeIcanhardlyunderstandawordhesays.他的口音很重--我简直一个字都听不懂.get
one'sknifeintosb/haveone'sknifeinsbtrytoharmsbspitefully(notusuphysically)欲加害某
人（通常指非肉体的伤害）.likeaknifethroughbuttereasily;withoutmeetinganyresistanceor
difficulty容易;遇不到抵抗或困难:Thepowersawslicedthelogslikeaknifethroughbutter.
电锯轻而易举就把原木锯成薄板了.*Hisstrongvoicecutthroughthehumofconversationlike
aknifethroughbutter.他那宏亮有力的声音一下子压倒了嗡嗡的谈话声.underthe`knife
(datedorjoc旧或谑)havingsurgery在动手术.
knife
v[Tn,]cutorstab(sb)withaknife用刀切割或刺（某人）:Thevictimhadbeenknifed(in
thechest).受害人（於胸部）中刀.
knife-edge
n(ususing通常作单数)1cuttingedgeofthebladeofaknife刀刃.2(idm习语)ona
knife-edge(a)(ofaperson)nervous(abouttheoutcomeofsth)（指人）（对某事物的结果）十
分焦虑:He'sonaknife-edgeabouthixamresults.他对考试成绩十分担心.(b)(ofasituation,
etc)atacriticalpoint（指情况等）处於紧要关头:Thesuccessoftheprojectisstillverymuchon
aknife-edge.这一项目的成败目前仍处於关键时刻.
knight
/naIt;naIt/n1(abbr缩写Kt)mantowhomthesovereignhasgivenarankofhonour,lower
thanthatofbaronet,havingthetitle`Sir'udbeforethefirstname,withorwithoutthesurname
爵士（低於准男爵的等级,其名前冠以Sir,带不带姓均可）:SirJamesHill(Kt)詹姆斯·希
尔爵士*Goodmorning,SirJames.早上好,詹姆斯爵士.2(intheMiddleAges)manraid
tohonourablemilitaryrank,rvingasaheavilyarmedhorman（中古时代的）骑士.3(abbr
缩写Kt)chesspiece,usushapedlikeahor'shead（国际象棋的）马.=>illusatchess见chess
插图.
knight
v[esppassive尤用於被动语态:Tn,]make(sb)aknight封（某人）为爵士:Hewas
knightedinthelastHonoursList(forrvicestoindustry).他对工业界有贡献被封为爵士,列
入最新受勋者名册.
knighthood
/-hUd;-hJd/n1[C]titleandrankofaknight爵士或骑士的称号和身分:TheQueen
conferredaknighthoodonhim.女王授予他爵士称号.2[U]rank,characterordignityofa
knight爵士或骑士的身分、品德或尊严:KnighthoodwasanidealinmedievalEurope.在中世
纪的欧洲,能获封爵士即是登峰造极了.
knightly
adj[usuattrib通常作定语](fml文)oforlikeaknight;chivalrous（似）骑士或爵士的;侠义
的:knightlyqualities,virtues,etc骑士的气概、美德等.
knighterrant(plknightrrant)
medievalknightwhowanderedinarchofadventure（中世纪的）游侠骑士.
knit
/nIt;nIt/v(-tt-,pt,ppknitted;inn3,usu用於下述第三义时通常作knit)1[I,Tn,Dn.n,
]~sth(forsb)make(agarmentorfabric)byformingwool,silk,etcyarnintoconnecting
loops,eitherbyhand(usinglongneedles)oronamachine编织,针织（衣物等）:Doyouknow
howtoknit?你会织毛活儿吗?*Sheknittedhersonasweater.她给儿子织了一件毛衣.2[I,
Tn](inknittinginstructions)makeaplain(ienotapurl)stitch（编织法中）织（平针）:knitone,
purlone织一正针、一反针.3[I,Ip,Tn,Tn.p]~(sth)(together)(causthto)joinorgrow
firmlytogether（使某物）连接或牢固地长在一起:Thebrokenboneshaveknit(together)well.
断骨已愈合良好.*awell-knitframe,ieacompactsturdybody结实的体格*(fig比喻)a
cloly-knitargument严密的论据*(fig比喻)Thetwogroupsareknittogetherbycommon
interests.这两集团因有共同利益而联合在一起.4(idm习语)knitone's`brow(s)frown皱
眉.
knitter
npersonwhoknits编织者.
knitting
n[U]materialthatisbeingknitted编织物:Ohdear,I'veleftmyknittingonthebus!哎呀,我把
毛活儿落在公共汽车上了!
knitting-machine
nmachinethatknits编织机;针织机.
knitting-needle
nlongthinpointedrodudespinpairsforknittingbyhand织针;（尤指）编结针.
knitwear
n[U]knittedgarments针织衣服:[attrib作定语]aknitwearfactory针织厂.
knob
/nCb;nBb/n1(a)roundhandle(ofadoor,drawer,etc)（门、抽屉等的）圆形拉手.(b)round
controlbutton(foradjustingaradio,TV,etc)（收音机、电视机等的）旋钮.2roundlumpon
thesurfaceofsth,egatreetrunk结节,瘤,疙瘩（如树干上的）.3smalllump(ofbutter,coal,
etc)（黄油、煤等的）小块.4(idm习语)withknobson(Britsl俚)(udtoindicatethereturn
ofaninsult,oremphaticagreement用以表示反唇相讥或强调同意):`You'realfishpig!'`And
thesametoyou,withknobson!'｀自私鬼!＇｀你才是呢,你是双料的!＇
knobbly
/5nCblI;`nBblI/adjhavingmanysmallhardlumpson多结节的;多疙瘩的:knobblyknees长
著很多结节的膝盖.
knock
/nCk;nBk/n1(soundofa)sharpblow短促的敲或打（的声音）:DidIhearaknockatthe
door?是有人敲门吗?*Ifyou'renotupbyeighto'clockI'llgiveyouaknock,iewakeyouby
knockingatyourdoor.要是八点钟你还不起床,我就来敲你的门.*Shefelloffherbikeand
gotanastyknock.她从自行车上摔下来,摔得很重.*Infootballyouhavetogetudtohard
knocks.踢足球就得经得起碰撞.2(inanengine)soundofknocking(knock22)（发动机的）
爆震声:What'sthatknockIcanhear?我听到发动机有爆震声是怎麽回事啊?3(infml口)
(incricket)innings（板球的）一局:Thatwasagoodknock:86notout.那局真漂亮,打了86
分还未出局.4(idm习语)takea`knock(infml口)sufferafinancialoranemotionalblow蒙
受经济或感情上的打击:Shetookabadknockwhenherhusbanddied.她丈夫一死她受到沉重
的打击.
knock
/nCk;nBk/v1[Tn,]strike(sth)withasharpblow敲,打（某物）:Mindyoudon'tknock
yourhead(onthislowbeam).小心,别（让这根低梁）撞著头.2[I,Ipr]makeanoiby
strikingsth敲击某物出声:knockthreetimes(atthedoor,onthewindow,etc)敲三下（门、窗
等）.=>Usageatbang1用法见bang1.3(a)[Cn.a,Cn.g]cau(sb/sth)tobeinacertainstateor
positionbystriking(him/it)将（某人[某物]）击成某状态:Thefallknockedmenless.那一
跤得我失去了知觉.*Heknockedmeflatwithonepunch.他一拳把我击倒了.*Heknocked
mydrinkflying.他打翻了我的饮料.(b)[]make(sth)bystriking敲击成某物:knocka
holeinthewall在墙上凿个洞.4[I](ofafaultypetrolengine)makeatappingorthumping
noi（指有故障的汽油发动机）发出爆震声.5[Tn](infml口)saycriticalorinsultingthings
about(sb/sth)批评,数落,非难（某人[某事物]）:Thenewspapersaretoofondofknockingthe
Englandteam.报纸专门爱挖苦英格兰队.*He'salwaysknockingthewayIdothings.他总是
挑剔我做得不对.6(idm习语)beat/knockthedaylightsoutofsb=>/knockhell
outofsb/sth=>/knocksb/sthintoshape=>/knocksbforsix=>
sb's`block/`headoff(sl俚)(udespwhenthreateningsb尤用於威胁某人)strikesbinanger
狠打某人:CallmethatagainandI'llknockyourblockoff!你再那麽叫我,我就揍你!knock
thebottomoutofsthcausthtocollap使某事物垮台:Itknockedthebottomoutofthecoffee
market,iecaudthepriceofcoffeetofallsharply.这一来咖啡的市场价格暴跌.*Sheknocked
thebottomoutofourargument.她把我们的论点驳得体无完肤.knockyour/their`heads
together(infml口)forcepeopletostopquarrellingandbehavensibly强力使人不再争吵而恢
复理智:Ioftenfeelthatpoliticiansshouldhavetheirheadsknockedtogether,likenaughty
children我时常觉得应该像教训淘气孩子那样让政治家停止争吵.knocksb/sthintoacocked
`hatdefeatoroutclasssb/sth挫败或超过某人[某事物]:Atrueprofessionalcouldknockmy
effortsintoacockedhat.遇上真正行家我的工作就相形见绌了.knockit`off(sl俚)(esp
imperative尤用於祈使句)stopanoi,anargument,etc别吵了、别争了:Knockitoff,kids,
I'mtryingtosleep!孩子们,别闹了,我要睡觉了!knocksboffhis`pedestal/perch(infml口)
defeatsb;showthatsbisnolongerbestatsth击败某人;显示某人不再首屈一指.knocksb
`sideways(infml口)defeatsb;astonishsb击败某人;使某人惊讶.knock`spotsoffsb/sth
(infml口)bemuchbetterthansb/sth远胜於某人[某事物]:Inlearningforeignlanguages,the
girlsknockspotsofftheboyverytime.学习外语女孩总是比男孩强.knockthestuffingoutof
sb(infml口)makesbfeeble,weakordemoralized使某人衰弱或泄气:Hisfailureintheexam
hasknockedallthestuffingoutofhim.他考试未及格便一蹶不振.knocktheminthe`aisles
(infml口)(ofatheatreperformance,etc)beverysuccessfulwiththeaudience（指戏剧演出等）
大受观众欢迎.youcouldhaveknockedmedownwitha`feather(infml口)(udespasan
exclamation尤用作感叹语)Iwasamazed我很惊奇.7(phrv)knockabout(...)(infml口)
leadanunttledlife,travellingandlivinginvariousplaces漫游;流浪:spendafewyears
knockingabout(in)Europe在欧洲各地游历了几年.knockaboutwithsb/together(infml口)be
ofteninsb's/eachother'scompany经常和某人作伴[互相在一起].knocksb/sthabout(infml口)
hitsb/sthrepeatedly;treatsb/sthroughly反覆打击或粗暴对待某人[某事物]:Shegetsknocked
aboutbyherhusband.她常受丈夫虐待.*Thecar'sbeenknockedaboutabit,butitstillgoes.
汽车虽然受到多次碰撞,但仍能开.
knocksthback
(infml口)drinksthquickly很快喝掉某物:knockbackapintofbeer很快喝完一品脱啤酒.
knocksbdown
strikesbtothegroundorthefloor将某人击倒或撞倒在地上:Shewasknockeddownbyabus.
她被公共汽车撞倒了.*Heknockedhisopponentdownthreetimesinthefirstround.在第一回
合中他把对手击倒了三次.knocksthdowndemolishsth拆除某物:Theoldhousaregoing
tobeknockeddown.这些旧房子将予拆除.knocksthdown(tosb)(infml口)(atanauction
sale)llsth(toabidder)（拍卖时）卖出某物（给出价人）:Thepaintingwasknockeddown(to
anAmericandealer)for5000.那幅画拍卖时以5000英镑售出（给一个美国商人）.knocksth/sb
down(forcesbto)reduce(apriceorcharge)（迫使某人）减（价或费用）:Imanagedtoknock
hisprice/himdown(from500to450).我设法压了他的价（从500英镑减到450英镑）.
knocksthin;knocksthintosth
makesthentersthbystrikingit将某物打进另一物:knockinafewnails钉进几颗钉子.
knockoff(sth)
(infml口)stopdoingsth(espwork)停止做某事（尤指工作）:Whattimedoyouknockoff
(work)?你什麽时候下班?knocksboff(sl俚)murdersb谋杀某人.knocksthoff(a)deduct
sthfromapriceorcharge减价;杀价:Itcostme10butI'llknockoff20%asit'snolongernew.
那是我花10英镑买的,因为已经旧了我减价20%.(b)(infml口)completesthquickly迅速完
成某事物:knockofftwowholechaptersinanhour一小时就完成整整两章.(c)(sl俚)steal
(from)sth偷盗某物;抢劫某物:knockoffsomewatchesfromashop从商店偷走几块手表*
knockoffabank抢劫银行.knocksthoff(sth)removesthbystrikingit打掉某物:knocksb's
glassoffthetable把某人的玻璃杯从桌上碰掉.
knock(sth)on
(inRugbyfootball)illegallyknock(theball)forwardwiththehands（英式橄榄球）违例用手向
前击（球）:Heaccidentallyknockedon(thepassfromJones).他非故意犯规,用手向前击了（从
琼斯传来的）球.
knocksbout
(a)(inboxing)strike(anopponent)sothathecannotriorcontinueinaspecifiedtimeandso
losthefight（拳击）击倒（对手）（获胜）.(b)makesbunconsciousbymeansofablow,
alcoholicdrink,etc击昏或灌醉某人:Don'tdrinktoomuchofthisit'llknockyouout!这种酒
别喝太多--喝多了就醉了!(c)(infml口)overwhelmorastonishsb使某人经受不了或极为震
惊:Thefilmjustknockedmeoutit'sthebestthingI'veeveren.这电影好得不得了--是我看
过的最好的一部.knocksb/onelfoutmakesb/onelfexhausted,ill,etc使某人[自己]筋疲力
尽、病倒等:She'sknockingherlfoutwithallthatwork.她做的工作把她累得筋疲力尽.
knocksbout(ofsth)eliminatesb(fromacompetition)bydefeatinghim淘汰某人:France
knockedBelgiumout(oftheEuropeanCup).法国队将比利时队淘汰（出欧洲杯足球赛）了.
knocksthout(onsth)empty(atobaccopipe)byknockingit(againststh)倒净（烟斗）.
knocksb/sthover
uptsb/sthbystrikinghim/it撞倒某人[某物]:You'veknockedovermydrink!你把我的饮料
打翻了!
knocksthtogether
makeorcompletesthquicklyandoftennotverywell匆匆做完某事物:knockbookshelves
togetherfromoldplanks用旧木板匆匆钉成书架*knockafewscenestogethertomakeaplay
草草将几幕拼凑成一个话剧.
knockup
(intennis,badminton,etc)practihittingtheballbeforethestartofamatch（网球、羽毛球等）
赛前练球.knocksbup(a)(Britinfml口)awakensbbyknockingonhisdoor,etc（敲门、窗
等）叫醒某人:Wouldyoupleaknockmeupat7o'clock?请7点钟敲门把我叫醒行吗?(b)
(sl讳,俚espUS)make(awoman)pregnant使（女子）怀孕.knocksthup(a)prepareor
makesthquicklyandwithoutmuchplanning匆匆准备或做某事物:Eventhoughtheyweren't
expectingus,theymanagedtoknockupamarvellousmeal.他们虽然没想到我们要来,但还是
设法匆匆做好一顿丰盛的饭.(b)(incricket)score(runs)（板球）得（分）:knockupaquickfifty
击球後速跑得50分.
knockabout
adj(espofatheatricalperformance)roughandboisterousinafunnyway;slapstick（尤指戏剧演
出）粗俗滑稽的,打闹的:knockabouthumour/comedy/farce胡闹的幽默[喜剧/闹剧].
knock-down
adj[attrib作定语](a)(ofprices)verylow（指价格）低廉的.(b)(offurniture)easytodismantle
andreasmble（指家具）易於拆装的.
knock-kneed
adjhavinglegsabnormallycurvedsothatthekneestouchwhenstandingorwalking膝外翻的.
knock-on
n(inRugbyfootball)actofknockingtheballon（英式橄榄球）违例用手向前击球.knock-on
effectindirectresultofanaction间接结果:Theclosureofthecarfactoryhadaknock-oneffect
onthetyremanufacturers.汽车厂关闭後,轮胎制造商受到间接的影响.
knock-out
n1blowthatknocksaboxerout将对方击倒而获胜的一击:Hehaswonmostofhisfightsby
knock-outs.他在拳赛中多以击倒对方获胜.*[attrib作定语]aknock-outpunch将对手击倒
的一拳.2[attrib作定语](ofadrug)causingsleeporunconsciousness（指药）引起昏迷的:
knock-outdrops/pills麻醉滴剂[丸剂].3competitioninwhichthelorofeachsuccessive
roundiliminated淘汰赛:[attrib作定语]aknock-outtournament淘汰赛.4(infml口)
outstandinglyimpressivepersonorthing引人注目的人或物:She'sanabsoluteknock-out,ievery
beautiful.她漂亮极了.*[attrib作定语]aknock-outidea绝妙的主意.
knock-up
n[sing](intennis,badminton,etc)periodofpracticebeforeamatch（网球、羽毛球等的）赛
前练球:haveaquickknock-up用很短的时间练球.
knocker
/5nCkE(r);`nBkL/n1[C]hingedmetalhammerattachedtoadoor,udforknockingbysb
outsidewhowantsthedoortobeopened门环.=>illusatApp1见附录1插图,pagevi.2[C]
(infml口)personwhoconstantlycriticizes一味批评的人;吹毛求疵的人.3knockers[pl]
(Britslxist讳,俚,性别偏见)woman'sbreasts女子的乳房:anicepairofknockers一
对漂亮的乳房.
knoll
/nEUl;nol/nsmallroundhillormound小圆丘;小土墩.
Gordianknot
/5gR:dIEn5nCt;9^RrdIEn`nBt/n1difficultoreminglyimpossibleproblemortask戈尔迪
之结（棘手的问题或艰巨的任务）.2(idm习语)cuttheGordian`knotsolveaproblemby
forcefullydirectbutunorthodoxmethods用快刀斩乱麻的方式解决问题.
knot
/nCt;nBt/n1fasteningmadebytyingapieceorpiecesofstring,rope,etc（绳索等的）结:
makeaknotattheendoftherope在绳头上打个结*tiethetworopestogetherwithacure
knot打个结实的结把这两条绳系在一起.=>illus见插图.2ornamentordecorationmadeof
ribbon,etctwistedandtied（用丝带等打成的）装饰性花结.3tangle;twistedpiece扭结;纠
结:combaknotoutofone'shair梳个发髻.4hardroundspotintimberwhereabranchudto
jointhetrunkoranotherbranch（木材上的）结节,节瘤.=>illusatgrain见grain插图.5small
gathering(ofpeopleorthings)（人或物的）小群,小簇:aknotofpeoplearguingoutsidethepub
在酒店外争论著的一小群人.6(idm习语)cuttheGordianknot=>
sb/onelfinknots=>knot=>tie2.
knot
v(-tt-)1[I,Tn,Tn.p](causthto)formknots（使某物）打结,缠结:Myhairknotasily.我
的头发爱打结.*knottworopestogether把两条绳子系在一起.2[Tn]fasten(sth)withaknot
orknots打结系牢（某物）:knotone'stielooly打个很松的领结.3(idm习语)get`knotted
(Britsl俚)(udtoexpresscontempt,annoyance,etc用以表示轻蔑、恼怒等):Ifheasksyou
formoneyagainjusttellhimtogetknotted.要是他再向你要钱,乾脆叫他滚.
knotty
adj(-ier,-iest)1(oftimber)fullofknots（指木材）多结节的,多节瘤的.2puzzling;difficult
棘手的;困难的:aknottyproblem,question,etc难以解决的疑难、问题等.
knot-hole
nholeinapieceoftimberwhereaknot1(4)hasfallenout（木材上的）节孔（节结脱落形成的
空洞）.
knot
/nCt;nBt/n(usupl通常作复数)(nautical海)1unitofspeed(onenauticalmileperhour)
udbyshipsandaircraft节（速度单位,为每小时一海里,用以测船和飞行器的航速）.
=>App5见附录5.2(idm习语)atarateofknots=>rate.
know
/nEU;no/v(ptknew/nju:;?@nu:;nu/,ppknown/nEUn;non/)1(a)[I,Tn,Tf,Tw,Tt,Cn.t]
have(sth)inone'smindormemoryasaresultofexperienceorlearningorinformation知道,懂
得,了解（某事物）:I'mnotguessingIknow!我不是猜想--我知道!*Shedoesn'tknowyour
address.她不知道你的地址.*Everychildknows(that)twoandtwomakefour.孩子都知道二
加二等於四.*Iknewwherehewashiding.我知道他躲在什麽地方.*Doyouknowwho
Napoleonwas?你知道拿破仑是谁吗?*Doesheknowtocomehere(iethatheshouldcome
here)first?他知道要先到这里来吗?*Weknewhertobehonest.我们知道她很诚实.(b)[Tnt,
Tni](onlyinthepastandperfecttens只用於过去时态和完成时态)haveen,heard,etc见
过、听过等:I'veneverknownit(to)snowinJulybefore.我从未听说过有七月下雪的事.*
He'ssometimesbeenknowntositthereallday.有时能见到他整天坐在那里.2[Tf]feel
certain确知;确信:Iknow(that)it'sheresomewhereitmustbe!我肯定是在这里的什麽地
方--没错!3(a)[Tn]beacquaintedwith(sb)认识（某人）:DoyouknowBobHill?ieHaveyou
methim,talkedwithhim,etc?你认识鲍勃·希尔吗?*Iknowhimbysight,butnottotalkto,ie
Ihaveenhimbutneverspokentohim.我见过他,但没跟他说过话.*We'veknowneach
othersincewewerechildren.我们从小就认识.(b)[Tn,Cn.n/a]~sth(assth)befamiliarwith(a
place)熟悉（某地）:IknowParisbetterthanRome.我对巴黎比对罗马熟悉.*IknowLondon
astheplacewhereIspentmychildhood.我熟悉伦敦,那是我度过童年的地方.4[Cn.n/a
oftenpassive常用於被动语态]~sb/sthassthregardsb/sthas(being)sth认定某人[某事物]为
某事物:It'sknownasthemostdangerouspartofthecity.那地方都知道是市内最危险的地段.
*WeknowJohnSmithasafinelawyerandagoodfriend.我们认为约翰·史密斯是一位很好的
律师和朋友.5[Cn.n/ausupassive通常用於被动语态]~sb/sthassthcall,nicknameorlabel
sb/sthassth将某人[某事物]称为、起绰号叫作或标明为某事物:aheavyweightboxerknown
as`TheGreatest'一名被称为｀大力士＇的重量级拳击手*Thisareaisknownasthe`Cornish
Riviera'.这地区称为｀康沃尔郡度假胜地＇.6[Tn,]~sb/sth(fromsb/sth)beableto
distinguish(onepersonorthing)fromanother;recognize能区分,辨别,认出（人或物）:She
knowsabargainwhensheesone.她有辨别便宜货的能力.*knowrightfromwrong分辨是
非*ImetsomanypeopleatthepartythatIwouldn'tknowhalfofthemagain.我在聚会上见到
很多人,再见到连一半也未必能认出.7[Tn,Tw]understandandbeabletou(alanguage,
skill,etc)会,掌握（某语言、技巧等）:knowJapane会日语*knowhowtoswim会游泳.
8[Tn]havepersonalexperienceof(sth)有（某事物）的亲身经历或体验:amanwhohasknown
bothpovertyandriches经历过贫富生活的男子.9(idm习语)be,foreone,knowswhereone
`isveryquicklyorsuddenly迅速地;突然地:Wewerewhiskedoffinataxibeforeweknew
wherewewere.我们还未明白是在哪里,就被计程车载走了.beknowntosbbefamiliartosb
为某人所熟知:He'sknowntothepolice,iehasacriminalrecord.警方很熟悉他（曾犯案）.
betterthedevilyouknow=>oneknowsconsideringhowlittleoneknows据自己
所知;说不定:ForallIknowhecouldbedead.说不定他已经死了.forreasons/somereason
bestknowntoonelf=>/goodness/Heavenknows(a)Idon'tknow我不知道:God
knowswhat'shappenedtothem.谁知道他们怎麽了.(b)certainly;emphatically确实;的确:
Sheoughttosucceed;goodnessknowsshetrieshardenough.她应能成功,她确实够努力的.
have/knowalltheanswers(infmlespderog口,尤作贬义)(emto)beclevererand
better-informedthanotherpeople（好像）什麽都知道;比别人精明.have/knowsthoffpat=>
haswellas`I/`youdounderstandsthperfectlywell对某事物很清楚:Youknowas
wellasIdothatyou'rebeingunreasonable.你很清楚你不讲理.knowsth`backwards(infml口)
bethoroughlyfamiliarwithsth极熟悉某事物:You'vereadthatbooksomanytimesyoumust
knowitbackwardsbynow!那本书你读了很多遍,现在一定能倒背如流了!know`bestknow
whatshouldbedone,etcbetterthanotherpeople最知就里;最在行:Thedoctortoldyoutostay
inbed,andheknowsbest.医生叫你卧床休息,他最清楚.knowbetter(thanthat/thantodosth)
bewiornsible(enoughnottodoit)明白事理而不至於（做某事）:Yououghttoknowbetter
(thantotrusther).你应当明白（她这人不能相信）.knowsbbysightrecognizewhosbiswithout
knowinghimasapersonalfriend面熟.know`different/`otherwi(infml口)haveinformation
orevidencetothecontrary知道相反的情况;有证据表明情况相反:Hesayshewasatthe
cinema,butIknowdifferent.他说他那时在看电影,可是我知道不是那麽回事.knowhow
manybeansmakefivebeshrewdandnsibleinpracticalmatters精明;在行.knowsthinside
`out/likethebackofone's`hand(infml口)bethoroughlyfamiliarwithaplace,subject,etc了如
指掌;了解透彻:He'sataxidriver,soheknowsLondonlikethebackofhishand.他是计程车
司机,对伦敦市的街道了如指掌.knowno`bounds(fml文)beverygreatortoogreat无限:
Whensheheardthenewsherfuryknewnobounds.她听到这个消息,顿时怒不可遏.know
one's`onions/`stuff(infml口)begoodatone'swork,etc了解本行;精通业务.knowone'sown
`mindknowwhatonewantsorintends有自己的想法;有决断.knowthe`score(infml口)
understandthetruestateofaffairs知道事情真相;深通世故.knowathingortwo(aboutsb/sth)
(infml口)knowalot(aboutsb/sth)（对某人[某事物]）很了解:She'sbeenmarriedfivetimes,so
sheshouldknowathingortwoaboutmen.她已结过五次婚,对男人应有所了解了.knowsb
throughand`throughunderstandsbperfectly完全了解某人.knowone'swayaroundbefamiliar
withaplace,subject,procedure,etc;becapableandwell-informed熟悉某处、某事、手续等;
有阅历;了解情况.knowwhatitis/whatit'slike(tobe/dosth)havepersonalexperience(of
being/doingsth)有做某事物的经历:Manyfamouspeoplehaveknownwhatitistobepoor.很
多名人都领略过贫穷是什麽滋味.knowwhatone's`talkingabout(infml口)speakfrom
experience作经验谈.knowwhat's`what(infml口)understandtheimportantfacts,rulesof
behaviour,etcinaparticularsituation内行;精明;有头脑:You'reoldenoughnowtoknow
what'swhat.你已经不小了,应该知道好歹了.knowwhichsideone's`breadisbuttered(infml
saying口,谚)knowwhereone'sinterestslieorwhatwillbetoone'sadvantage知道自己利益
所在;善於为个人打算.letsb`knowinformsbaboutsth让某人知道某事物:Idon'tknowifI
cancomeyet,butI'llletyouknowtomorrow.我说不上是否能来,可是我明天能告诉你.make
onelfknowntosbintroduceonelftosb向某人作自我介绍:There'sourhost;you'dbetter
makeyourlfknowntohim.那位是我们的主人,你最好向他自我介绍一下.notknowany
`betternotbehavewell,throughlackofexperience,badupbringing,etc（因无教养或无经验）
表现不好:Don'tblamethechildrenfortheirbadmannerstheydon'tknowanybetter.不要责怪
孩子们没规矩--他们还不懂.notknowone's,arfromone's`elbow(slderog讳,俚,贬)
betotallyignorant,stupidorinefficient一窍不通;愚蠢;无能.notknowthefirstthingabout
sb/sth/doingsthknownothingatallaboutsb/sth/doingsth对某人[某事物]一无所知:I'mafraidI
don'tknowthefirstthingaboutgardening.很遗憾,我对园艺一无所知.notknowsbfrom
`Adam(infml口)notknowatallwhosbis完全不认识某人.notknowwhat`hitone(a)be
suddenlyinjuredorkilled突遭伤害;突受杀害:Thebuswasmovingsofastsheneverknew
whathither.公共汽车开得很快,突然把她撞了.(b)(infmlfig口,比喻)beamazedor
confud大为惊奇;迷惑不解:ThefirsttimeIheardtheirmusicIdidn'tknowwhathadhitme.
我初次听他们的音乐时大为惊奇.notknowwhere/whichwaytolook(infml口)be
embarrasd,awkwardlylf-conscious,etc尴尬;难堪;难为情:Whenhestartedundressingin
publicIdidn'tknowwheretolook.他在大庭广众之下脱衣服,我感到很难为情.notwantto
know=>ughtoknowbetter=>/know/learntheropes=>rope.
e/knowbetterdays=>/knowAandBapart=>'swhatI'dliketoknow=>
'sno`knowingit'sdifficultorimpossibletoknow难以逆料;无法知道:There's
absolutelynoknowinghowhe'llreact.他怎样反应很难逆料.(well)whatdoyou`know(about
`that)?(infml口espUS)(udtoexpresssurprionhearingnews,etc用以表示听到消息等
时感到惊讶)youknow(infml口)(a)(udwhenremindingsbofsth用以提醒某人):Guess
whoI'vejusten?Marcia!YouknowJim'x-wife!你猜刚才我看见谁了?玛西娅!你知道
吗,就是吉姆的前妻呀!(b)(udasanalmostmeaninglesxpressionwhenthespeakeris
thinkingwhattosaynext用於说话时思索中作口头语,无甚意义):`Iwasfeelingabitbored,
youknow,andso...'｀我当时有点厌烦了,你知道吗,所以...＇youknowsomething/what?
(infml口)(udtointroduceanitemofnews,expressionofopinion,etc用以提到一项新消息、
表达看法等):Youknowsomething?CathyandTimareengaged.你听说了吗?卡西和蒂姆订
婚了.youneverknowyoucannotbecertain很难说;事难逆料:`It'ssuretoraintomorrow.'`Oh,
youneverknow,itcouldbealovelyday.'｀明天准下雨.＇｀哦,很难说,也可能是个好天.＇*
Youshouldkeepthooldjamjarsyouneverknowwhenyoumightneedthem.这些旧果酱瓶
子应当留一留,说不定什麽时候会用得著.10(phrv)knowaboutsthhaveknowledgeofsth;
beawareofsth了解或知道某事物:Notmuchisknownabouthisbackground.他的背景所知
不多.*DoyouknowaboutJackgettingarrested?你知道杰克遭逮捕了吗?knowofsb/sthhave
informationaboutorexperienceofsb/sth知道某人[某事物]的情况:`Isn'ttomorrowaholiday?'
`NotthatIknowof(ieNotasfarasIamaware).'｀明天是假日吧?＇｀据我所知不是.＇*Do
youknowofanywaytostopapersonsnoring?你知道有什麽方法可以制止打呼噜吗?*Idon't
knowhimpersonally,thoughIknow`ofhim.我并不认识他,但我听说过他.
know
n(idm习语)inthe`know(infml口)(ofaperson)havinginformationnotpossdbyothers;
wellinformed（指人）知情的,消息灵通的.
know-all
n(infmlderog口,贬)personwhobehavesasifheknowverything自以为无所不知的人:
oneofthoyoungknow-allsfreshfromuniversity大学刚毕业的一个小小的万事通.
know-how
n[U](infml口)practical(contrastedwiththeoretical)knowledgeorskillinanactivity实践知
识或技术;本事;技能.
knowing
/5nEUIN;`noIN/adj[usuattrib通常作定语]1showingorsuggestingthatonehasinformation
whichiscretornotknowntoothers（对别人不知道的秘密）知悉的,心照不宣的:aknowing
look,glance,expression,etc显出了解内情的样子、眼光、表情等.2shrewd;cunning世故
的;狡猾的:She'sabittooknowingformetofeelrelaxedwithher.她很有点世故,和她相处我
觉得不自在.
knowingly
adv1intentionally故意地;蓄意地:ItappearsthatwhatIsaidwasuntrue,butIdidnot
knowinglylietoyou.看来我说错了,但是我并非故意向你撒谎.2inaknowing(1)manner
知悉地;心照不宣地:Hewinkedatherknowingly.他会心地向她眨了眨眼.
knowledge
/5nClIdV;`nBlIdV/n1[U]understanding了解;理解:Ababyhasnoknowledgeofgoodand
evil.小孩儿不解善恶.2[U,sing]allthatapersonknows;familiaritygainedbyexperience个
人的知识;见闻:Ihaveonly(a)limitedknowledgeofcomputers.我的计算机知识很有限.*
MyknowledgeofFrenchispoor.我不太懂法语.3[U]everythingthatisknown;organized
bodyofinformation学问;学识;知识:allbranchesofknowledge各门学问*thesumof
humanknowledgeonthissubject人类对这一学科的知识总和.4(idm习语)be
common/publicknowledgebeknownbyeveryoneinacommunityorgroup人所共知:It's
pointlesstryingtokeepyourfriendshipcretit'scommonknowledgealready.你们无谓将友
情保密--其实已尽人皆知了.cometosb's`knowledge(fml文)becomeknownbysb被某人知
悉:Ithascometoourknowledgethatyouhavebeencheatingthecompany.据我们了解你一直
欺骗公司.toone's`knowledge(a)asfarasoneknows据自己所知:Tomyknowledge,shehas
neverbeenlatebefore.据我所知,她从未迟到过.(b)asoneknowstobetrue确知属实:Thatis
impossible,becautomy(certain)knowledgehewasinFranceatthetime.那不可能,因为我
（确实）知道那时他在法国.tothebestofone'sbelief/knowledge=>/withoutsb's
`knowledgehaving/nothavinginformedsb告知[未告知]某人:Hesoldthecarwithouthiswife's
knowledge.他瞒著妻子把汽车卖了.
knowledgeable
/-Ebl;-Ebl/adj~(aboutsth)well-informed消息灵通的;在行的:She'sveryknowledgeable
aboutart.她对艺术十分在行.
knowledgeably
/-EblI;-EblI/adv:speakknowledgeablyonthesubject对这学科谈得头头是道.
knuckle
/5nQkl;`nQkl/n1boneatthefinger-joint指节;指关节:graze/skinone'sknuckles擦破指关
节.=>illusathand见hand插图.2(ofanimals)knee-joint,orthepartjoiningthelegtothefoot,
espasajointofmeat（指动物）膝关节,踝;（尤指食用的）肘:pig'sknuckles猪肘.3(idm
习语)arapon/overtheknuckles=>e`knuckle(infml口)ontheborderlineof
indecencyandthereforelikelytooffend近乎下流;猥亵:Someofhisjokesareabittoonearthe
knuckleformytaste.我觉得他有的笑话已近乎淫亵了.
knuckle
v(phrv)knuckledown(tosth)(infml口)begintoworkriously(atsth)开始认真工作:Ifyou
wanttopassthatexam,you'llhavetoknuckledown(tosomehardwork).你要想考试及格,就
得开始下功夫（苦干）了.knuckleunder(infml口)acceptoradmitdefeat;surrender屈服;认
输;投降.
knuckleduster
n(USbrassknuckles)metalcoverwornovertheknucklestoincreatheinjurycaudbyablow
withthefist戴在指关节上的金属套（打人时加重损伤）.
knucklehead
n(infmlderog口,贬)fool笨蛋;傻瓜.
KO
/9keI5EU;9ke`o/abbr缩写=(infml口)knock-out(espinboxing)击倒（尤为拳击用语）:
HewasKO'd(ieknockedout)inthecondround.他在第二回合中被击倒.
koala
/kEU5B:lE;ko`BlE/n(alsokoalabear)Australiantree-climbingmammalwiththickgreyfur,
largeearsandnotail树袋熊（产於澳洲的树栖哺乳动物,毛密、色灰、耳大、无尾）.
kobo
/5kCbEU;`kobo/n(plunchanged复数不变)unitofmoneyinNigeria;100thpartofanaira考
包（尼日利亚辅币名,100考包=1奈拉）.
kohl
/kEUl;kol/n[U]cosmeticpowderudintheEasttodarkentheeyelids眼睑粉（东方妇女的化
妆品）.
kohlrabi
/9kEUl5rB:bI;`kol9rBbI/n[C,U]cabbagewithanedibleturnip-shapedstem球茎甘蓝（可供食
用）.
kola
=cola.
kook
/ku:k;kuk/n(USderogsl贬,俚)peculiar,eccentricorcrazyperson怪人;狂人.
kooky
adj.
kookaburra
/5kUkEbQrE;`kJkE9bQrE/n(alsolaughingjackass)Australiangiantkingfisher笑翠鸟（产於澳
洲）.
kopeck(alsokopek)
=copeck.
koppie(alsokopje)
/5kCpI;`kBpI/n(inSAfrica)smallhill（南非的）小山.
Koran
/kE5rB:n;?@-5rAn;kE`rAn/ntheKoran[sing]sacredbookoftheMuslims,writteninArabic,
containingtherevelationsoftheProphetMuhammad《古兰经》,《可兰经》（伊斯兰教经典）.
Koranic
/kE5rnIk;kE`rAnIk/adj.
kosher
/5kEUFE(r);`koFL/adj1(offood,foodshops,etc)fulfillingtherequirementsofJewishdietary
law（指食物、饮食店等）合礼的（符合犹太教规戒律的）:akosherbutcher's,restaurant,meal
合礼的肉店、餐馆、饭食.2(infml口)genuineorlegitimate真正的;合法的:thereal
kosherarticle,notjustanyoldrubbish真正的正品,并不是什麽旧的破烂货*somethingnot
quitekosheraboutthewayhemadehismoney他的钱来路不大正.
koumiss
=kumis.
kowtow
/9kaU5taU;kaJ`taJ/v[I,Ipr]~(tosb/sth)besubmissive,humbleorrespectful(tosb/sth)（向某
人[某事物]）叩头,磕头,臣服:arefusaltokowtow(tothegovernment'swishesonthisissue)拒
绝屈从（於政府对这一问题的意旨）.
kph
/9keIpi:5eItF;9kepi`etF/abbr缩写=kilometresperhour千米/小时;公里/小时.Cf参看
mph.
kraal
/krB:l;?@krR:l;krRl/n(inSAfrica用於南非)1villageofhutnclodbyafence用栅栏
围起来的茅舍村庄.2enclosureforcattle,sheep,etc家畜栏.
kremlin
/5kremlIn;`krZmlIn/n1[C]citadelwithinaRussiantown（俄国的）城堡.2theKremlin(a)
[Gp]governmentoftheformerUSSR前苏联政府.(b)[sing]thecitadelofMoscow克里姆林
宫.
krill
/krIl;krIl/n[plv]massoftinyshellfisheatenbywhales（鲸鱼吞食的）磷虾群.
kris
/kri:s;kris/nMalayorIndonesiandagger（马来亚或印度尼西亚的）波形刃短剑.
krona
/5krEUnE;`kronE/n1(pl-nor/-nE(r);-nEr/)unitofmoneyinSweden克朗（瑞典的货币单
位）.2(pl-nur/-nE(r);-nEr/)unitofmoneyinIceland克朗（冰岛的货币单位）.
krone
/5krEUnE;`kronZ/n(pl-ner/-nE(r);-nEr/)unitofmoneyinDenmarkandNorway克朗（丹麦
和挪威的货币单位）.
krugerrand
/5kru:gErAnd;`kru^E9rAnd/nSouthAfricangoldcoinweighingoneounce克鲁格金币（南非
金币重一盎司）.
krypton
/5krIptCn;`krIp9tBn/n[U]chemicalelement,aninertcolourlessandodourlessgas氪.=>App
10见附录10.
Kt
abbr缩写=Knight:SirJamesBaileyKt詹姆斯·贝利爵士.
Ku-Klux-Klan
/9ku:klQks5kAln;9ku9klQks`klAn/n[Gp](abbr缩写KKK)cretracialistorganizationof
whiteProtestantmeninthe(espsouthern)UnitedStates三K党（美国的,尤指其南部的白人基
督教徒的种族主义秘密组织）.
kudos
/5kju:dCs;?@5ku:-;`kudBs/n[U](infml口)honourandglory;credit1(2)荣誉;光荣;赞誉:
Shedidmostoftheworkbutallthekudoswenttohim.工作大部分是她做的,可是荣誉都归他
了.
kukri
/5kUkrI;`kJkrI/ntypeofcurvedknifeudbyGurkhas（廓尔喀人用的）弯刀.
kumis(alsokumiss,koumiss)
/5ku:mIs;`kumIs/n[U]drinkmadefromfermentedmare'smilkbycertainCentralAsianpeoples
乳酒（中亚某些民族用马乳酿制的酒）.
kummel
/5kUmEl;`kIml/n[U]sweetliqueurflavouredwithcuminandcarawayeds（用莳萝和葛缕子
调味的）烈性甜酒.
kumquat
/5kQmkwCt;`kQm9kwBt/nplum-sizedfruitsimilartoanorange金橘.
kungfu
/9kUN5fu,also5kQN;9kJN`fu/n[U]Chineformofunarmedcombatsimilartokarate（中国
武术中的）徒手功夫.
kvass
/kvAs;kvAs/n[U]typeofweakbeermadeinRussia克瓦斯淡啤酒（俄罗斯制）.
kW(alsokw)
abbr缩写=kilowatt(s):a2kWelectricheater功率2千瓦的电热器.
kwashiorkor
/kwAFI5R:kR:(r);9kwBFi`RrkRr/n[U]veretropicaldiaofchildrenwhodietdoesnot
containenoughprotein夸希奥科,蛋白质营养不良（热带严重儿科病）.
kwela
/5kweIlE;`kwelE/n[U]kindofSAfricanjazzmusic南非的一种爵士乐.
kybosh(alsokibosh)
/5kaIbCF;`kaIbBF/n(idm习语)putthekyboshonsb/sth(sl俚)preventsb/sthfromcontinuing;
stopsb/sth止住某人[某事物];使某人[某事物]停止::Whenhebrokehislegitputthekybosh
onhisholiday.他摔坏了腿,度假只好中止.
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