2018高考试卷

英语试题第1页（共15页）

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项：

1．答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题

卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1。5分，满分7。5分）

听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出

最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A。£19.15。B.£9.18.C。£9。15.

答案是C。

1。WhatwillJamesdotomorrow？

A。WatchaTVprogram.B。Giveatalk。report.

2。Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A。She'sgenerous。B。She’’shelpful。

3。Whendoesthetrainleave？

6：30。B。At8：30。C。At10:30。

sthewomangotowork？

。。.

theprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

ates.B。Teacherandstudent。C。Doctorandpatient。

英语试题第2页（共15页）

第二节（共15小题；每小题1。5分，满分22。5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三

个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒

钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

esthewomanregret?

upherrearch。

B。Droppingoutofcollege。

nghermajor。

7。Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

A。Ecology。B。Education。C。Chemistry。

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.

theman？

manager.B。Atourguide.C。Ataxidriver.

9。Whatisthemandoingforthewoman？

gforsomelocalfoods。

gheraroundtheaside.

C。Offeringinformationaboutahotel。

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.

oestheconversationprobablytakeplace？

A。Inanoffice。B。Athome。C。Atarestaurant.

11。Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening？

A。friend。trahours.

licegoingtocall?

。.C。Catherine.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13。Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?

A。Tolookatanapartment.

B。Todeliversomefurniture.

amealtogether。

英语试题第3页（共15页）

14。Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

A。Itscolor。B。lity。

15。Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?

A。It’’snewlypainted。C。It'sadequately

equipped.

16。Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext？

thherfriend。C。Makepayment。

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

hespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A。Moviefans.B。Newsreporters。C。Collegestudents。

dthespeakertakeEnglishclass?

helefthishometown。

B。AfterhecametoAmerica。

C。Whenhewas15yearsold.

19。Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher？

'sproud.B。He’ssympathetic。’sgrateful。

20。Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A。Howeducationshapedhislife。

B。Howhislanguageskillsimproved。

anagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分)

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington，D.C。BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C。

Duration:3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoetheworld-famouscherrytreeswith

beautifulflowersofWashington，idewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthe

treesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom。Rerveyourspotbeforeavailability

英语试题第4页（共15页）

–andthecherryblossoms–disappear！

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration：3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington，

D。ethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguideshares

tourincludesbike，helmet，cookiesand

bottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C。

Duration：3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD。C。newcomersandlocals

lookingtoexperienceWashington，D。lthywaywithminimumeffort。

KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,

Congress，memorials，andparks。Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)make

cyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing。

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration：3hours（7miles）

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D。

C。GetupclotothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHilland

ntstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefacts

andhistory。Tourincludesbike,helmet，andbottledwater。Allridersareequippedwith

reflectivevestsandsafetylights。

21。Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

BlossomBikeTourinWashington，D。C.

B。WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour。

lCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.

D。WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour。

22。WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour？

A。Meetfamouspeople。ationalpark。

C。Visitwell-knownmuums.D。Enjoyinterestingstories。

fthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide？

ps。B。Cameras.

英语试题第5页（共15页）

。D。Safetylights.

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisudtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole–showingfamilieshowtoprepare

deliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget。

InSaveMoney：GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpof

chefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesfor

under£5perfamilyaday。AndtheGoodMorningBritainprentersaysshe’sbeenableto

putalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam，

14,Finn，13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexican

takeawayrestaurant，"sheexplains。“Ipay£5foraportion（一份)，butMattmakesthem

for26paportion，becautheyareflour，water，sugarandoil。Everybodycanbuy

takeawayfood，butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfood

ourlves。”

Theeight-partries(系列节目），SaveMoney:GoodFood，followsinthefootstepsof

ITV’sSaveMoney：GoodHealth，whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthe

vastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket。

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouholdexpen,SusannaandMattspendtimewitha

differentfamilyeachweek。Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyin

needofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget。Theteamtransformsthefamily’slong

weekendofcelebrationwithlesxpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24。WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A。Sheenjoymbarrassingherguests。B。Shehasstartedanewprogramme。

likesworkingearlyinthemorning。D。Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

25。HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna？

A。Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher。B。Hepreparesfoodforherkids。

C。Heassistsherincookingmatters。D。Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher。

26。Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A。Summarizethepreviousparagraphs。B。Providesomeadviceforthereaders。

C。Addsomebackgroundinformation。uceanewtopicfordiscussion。

英语试题第6页（共15页）

27。Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？

A。KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB。BalancingOurDailyDiet

C。MakingYourlfaPerfectChefD。CookingWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears，butinrecenttimes

eworldwasstillpopulatedby

hunter—gatherers，small，tightlyknit(联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsof

nguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，

whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12,000languages

betweenthem。

Soonafterwards，manyofthopeoplestartedttlingdowntobecomefarmers，and

ntcenturies,trade,

industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation—stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsory

education,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，all

havecaudmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，Spanish

andChineareincreasinglytakingover。

Atprent，theworldhasabout6，tributionofthelanguagesis

eralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，often

spokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.

Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000；Africa2,400；andAsia

andthePacificperhaps3,200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover

800。Themediannumber(中位数）ofspeakersisamere6，000，whichmeansthathalf

theworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat。

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6，800languagesareclotoextinction（消亡）,

，atrandom，BusuuinCameroon（eight

remainingspeakers)，ChiapanecoinMexico(150），LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(two

orthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one，withaquestion—mark）:noneoftheemsto

havemuchchanceofsurvival。

nweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes？

A。Theydevelopedveryfast.B。Theywerelargeinnumber。

dsimilarpatterns。reclolyconnected。

fthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2？

x。B。Advanced。

C。Powerful.D。Modern。

英语试题第7页（共15页）

ylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6，000peopleatprent?

A。About6,800。B。About3，400。

C。About2，400.D。About1，200。

31。Whatisthemainideaofthetext？

guageswillbecreated。

B。People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages。

evelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages。

D。Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightof

somethingshinyandnew，butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置）

'sbadnewsfortheenvironment–andourwallets–asthe

outdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings。

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthedevicesareusing，CallieBabbittandher

colleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmental

costsforeachproductthroughoutitslife–fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestop

thodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyuhavolvedsince

theearly1990s。Devicesweregroupedbygeneration。Desktopcomputers，basicmobile

phones,andbox-tTVsdefined1992。Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997。And

MP3players，smartphones，andLCDTVnteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsand

e-readersshowedupin2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices，however，wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.“The

living—roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room,andsuddenlyoneday,

youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehou，"ragenumberof

electronicdevicesrofromfourperhouholdin1992to13in2007。We’renotjust

keepingtheolddevices–wecontinuetouthem。AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt's

team,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswith

theirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhougamissions(排放）morethan

doublingduringthe1992to2007window。

Sowhat’sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007，butthe

rearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnew

electronicsthatrvemorethanonefunction，suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTV

undthatmoreon—demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVs

英语试题第8页（共15页）

anddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44％.

32。Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A。Theyareenvironment-friendly。B。Theyarenobetterthantheold。

outofstylequickly。

Babbitt’steamconducttherearch？

cethecostofminerals。

thelifecycleofaproduct。

teconsumersonnewtechnology。

D。Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices。

34。Whichofthefollowingustheleastenergy？

A。Thebox—tTV。B。Thetablet。C。TheLCDTV.

D。Thedesktopcomputer。

35。Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

ingthem。emapart。

C。Upgradethem。D。Recyclethem。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为

多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign–somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.A

graspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’ll

lovetolivein。Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife？Professional？Orareyoujust

lookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36，coloristhekeytomakingaroom

feelthewayyouwantittofeel。

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesigners

approachthisimportantpoint.37，theycangetalittlecomplex。Butgoodnewsis

thatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome：

thesmallones,themediumones，andthelargeones。

'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows，mirrorsandbasketsthat

mostofusutoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms。Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsand

lesxpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificant

benefitofbeingeasilychangeable。

英语试题第9页（共15页）

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas，dinnertablesor

bookshelves。39。Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andthey

haveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace。

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls，ceilings,andfloors。

Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint，thetime，effortandrelativeexpenputinto

itaresignificant.40.

A。Whileallofthemareuful

B。Whateveryou'relookingfor

C。Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolor

D。Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

E。It’snotreallyagoodideatoutoomanysmallcolorpieces

F。Soitpaystobesure,becauyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

G。Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空

白处的最佳选项.

Duringmycondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwas

offeringa“free"cour,calledThinkingChess，forthreecredits。I41theideaof

takingtheclassbecau，afterall，whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars？Morethan

that，I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess。And，evenifIweren't43enoughaboutfree

credits，newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome。Hewasaninternational

grandmaster，which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame'

hardlywaitto47him。

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis

48wasnogameforhim;ntroduction,hemadeit49

thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned。Inorderto50theclass，amongothercriteria，

wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoour

futureprofessionsand，52，edtogetanAinthat53and

learnedlifelessonsthathavervedmewellbeyondthe54.

英语试题第10页（共15页）

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley，I’mstillputtingtouwhathe55

me：“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowto

makegood57。Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhat

youropponent（对手)isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions。"

Thewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.

41。A。putforwardB。jumpedatC。down

42。。earnC。saveD。pay

43。A。excitedB。worriedC。movedD。tired

okD。instructor

45。。。meant

46。tB。easiestC。bestD。rarest

47.A。ngeD。beat

48.A。chanceB。qualificationC。honorD。job

。perfectC。clearD。possible

50。。skipD。obrve

C。applyD。compare

52.A。lyD。normally

53。。prentationC。ment

54。A。criterionB。mentD。situation

B。onedD。promid

56。。D。skill

57.A。gradesB。decisionsC。ts

58.A。analyzeB。describeC。l

59.A。announceB。signalC。te

60。。desireC。concernD。behavior

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61

英语试题第11页（共15页）

（long）thannon—runners。Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong62(e)the

benefit。Youmaydrink,smoke，beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)

earlybyrunning。

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64（be）

moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking，he

authorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10

minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiaandearlydeathsfromall67

（cau）。

Thebestexerciisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo。Butotherwi…it'sprobably

running。Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercisto68

(strength）yourlegmuscles（肌肉），avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes。Runningis

cheap，easyandit'salways69（energy）。Ifyouaretimepoor，youneedrunforonly

halfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports，soperhapsweshouldallgive70

atry。

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中

共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修

改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起)不计分。

Duringmylastwinterholiday，Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisit

mygrandparents。sttimeIwentthere，theywere

英语试题第12页（共15页）

livinginasmallhouwithdogs，ducks，nterwhen

Iwenthereagain，so

hadasmallpondwhichtheyraidfish。Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearned

appilythattheirlifehadimproved。Attheendof

ourtrip，ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears，butheagreed.

英语试题第13页（共15页）

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关

习俗。请你回复邮件,内容包括：

1．到达时间；

2．合适的礼物；

3．餐桌礼仪。

注意：

1．词数100左右;

2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯.

＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊＊*＊*＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊**＊*＊＊＊*

＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊

考试机构工作人员注意：以下内容不能印在试卷上。

请将“DearTerry,”按下面格式打印在答题卡上相应的区域。请将“Best，LiHua"

按下面格式放在底端。

DearTerry，

Best，

LiHua

英语试题第14页（共15页）

英语试题参考答案

第一部分听力

1.B2。C3。C4.B5。A

6。B7。A8。B9。C10.C

11。A12.B13。A14.A15.C

16。B17。C18。B19。C20。A

第二部分阅读理解

21。A22.D23。D24.B25。C

26.C27。D28.B29.C30。B

31。C32。A33.D34.B35。A

36.B37。A38.D39.G40。F

第三部分语言知识运用

41。B42.C43.A44。D45。D

46。C47。B48.D49.C50。B

51.C52。A53.C54。B55。A

56.D57。B58.A59。D60。A

61。63。dying64。

66。that/which67。tic70.

it/running

第四部分写作

第一节

Duringmylastwinterholiday，Iwentto∧countrysidewithmyfathertovisit

the

mygrandparents。sttimeIwentthere,theywere

found

livinginasmallhouwithdogs，ducks，andanotheranimals。Lastwinterwhen

other

Iwenthereagain,theyhadabigparatehoutoraidozensofchicken。Theyalso

therechickens

hadasmallpond∧whichtheyraidfish。Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearned

in或where

quitealotbyllthefish。Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved。Attheendof

llinghappy

ourtrip，ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears，butheagreed。

and

英语试题第15页（共15页）

第二节（略）