well的比较级和最高级

形容词比较级和最高级

绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级,以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

形容词的原级:形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如:poortallgreatgladbad

形容词的比较级和最高级:形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不

规则变化。

规则变化如下:

1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er和-est构成。

great(原级)(比较级)(最高级)

2)以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r和-st构成。

wide(原级)(比较级)(最高级)

3)少数以-y,-er,-ow,-ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er和-est构成。

clever(原级)(比较级)(最高级)

4)以-y结尾,但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y去掉,加上-ier和-est构成.

happy(原形)(比较级)(最高级)

5)以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。

big(原级)(比较级)(最高级)

6)双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more和most加在形容词前面来构成。

beautiful(原级)?(比较级)(比较级)

difficult(原级)(最高级)(最高级)

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:

原级------比较级------最高级

good------better------best

many------more------most

much------more------most

bad------wor------worst

far------farther,further------farthest,furthest

形容词前如加less和least则表示较不和最不

important重要lessimportant较不重要leastimportant最不重要

形容词比较级的用法:

形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:

主语+谓语(系动词)+形容词比较级+than+对比成分。也就是,含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常

省去意义上和主句相同的部分,而只剩下对比的成分。

Ourteacherisweare.我们老师的个子比我们的高。

Itistodaythanitwasyesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。

Thispictureisthanthatone.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

Thismeetingisthanthatone.这次会议不如那次会议重要。

Thesunisthanthemoon.太阳比月亮大得多。

形容词最高级的用法:

形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,其结构形式为:

主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

Sheisstudentherclass.她是班上最好的学生。

ShanghaiisoneofcitiesChina.上海是中国最大城市之一。

这是我见到的最大的苹果。ThisisappleIhaveevermet.

Tomisboyinhisbasketballteam.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

xis___thatone.

ythan

yas

2Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe'.

teaspossibly

telyaspossibly

3Thisbookis____thatone,but____thanthatone.

icultas;expensive

difficultas;moreexpensive

icultas;moreexpensive

fficultas;axpensive

4Ithinkthestoryisnotso___asthatone.

teresting

5Hisfatherbegantowork____hewasvenyearsold.

2

scienceis_thanJapane.

chimportant

()2Thispencilis___thanthatone.

^.

()3Mymotherisno___young.

()4Thechildrenare____thisyearthantheywerelastyear.

ller

()5Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis___today.

tter

t

ckhasgot____insteadofgettinganybetter.

wor

3

()1Whenwearrived,wefoundthemeetingroomcrowdedwith___students.

ite

2Thehouissmallforafamilyofsix.

3Throughthewindowwecanenothingbut____buildings.

rytall

4-What'syourbrotherlike?

-Heis___.

ol

5Thejacketwasso___thathedecidedtobuyit.,

6Ourclassroomis____largerthantheirs.

4

()1Theearthisabout____asthemoon.

stimesbig

()2Yourroomismine.

hesizeof

elargeas

()3Yourroomis___thanmine.

threetimes

()4Hisfatheris____thanhismother.;

fouryears

5

()1Mathsismorepopularthan____.

ubject

()2Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica(^W).

ercountryJ1%ntry

()3Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.

oy

6

()1Whenspringcomes,itgets____.

randshorter

)2Byandby,____d

dleast

)3Atlasthebegantocry___.

rdandlessharder

)4Whenspringcomesthedaysget____andnights____.

;;;r;longer

7

1___Ilookatthepicture,____Ilikeit.

t;e;theless

e;;themore

2___hereadthebook,____e;themoreinteresting

s;e;;moreinterested3___youcomeback,

_____itwillbe.

A,Thequicker;ner;;ner;better

8

1Ilike___oneofthetwobooks.

()2Whichis___country,ChinaorJapan?

t

()3Ofthetwocups,hebought.

:smaller

9()1Whichdoyoulike___,teaorcoffee?

()2Thisworkis____formethanforyou.

fficult

fficult

()3Whichdoyouthinktastes____,thechickenorthefish?

()4TheGreatPyramidisabout137metreshightoday,butitwasonce

gh

()5Don'tyouthinkit______nottowritetheletter?

A^^,

10

()1Whojumped____ofall?

tfar

()2LiLeiis___studentinourclass.

lest

()3Thefifthorangeis____tothatsmallchild.

gest

()4Whois---ofyouthree?

11

()1Tomisoneof____boysinourclass.

l

()2Englishisoneof____spokenintheworld.

timportantlanguage

()3Beijingisoneof____inChina.

gestcityr';gestcities

12

thewoods____beentakengoodcareof.

2___likeplayingfootballandwatchingTV.

they

3___areherewateringtheflowershere.

boys

4___haven'tbeentoAmerican.

them

13

1___ismorebeautifulthanros.

herflower

flowers

2Thetreeis___inthegarden.

lest

.

3Marystudiesharderinherclass.

yone

初中英语语法讲解练习：名词

2010-11-1214:02:12|分类：中考英语专项|标签：|字号大中小订阅

I.名词的种类：

专有名普通名

可数名词不可数名词

国名地名人名，物质名个体名团体机构名称抽象名词集体名词

词词

II.名词的数：

1.规则名词的复数形式：

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与

读音规则列表如下：

规则例词

map-maps,a-as,girl-girls,1-s一般情况在词尾加day-days

class-class,box-boxes,结尾的名词后加以s,x,ch,sh2

watch-watches,dish-dishes-es

变-f和-fe为v再leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,

以-f或-feknife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives加-es3

结尾的词belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,加-sproof-proofs,roof-roofs,

gulf-gulfs

以辅音字母结尾的名词party-parties,family-families,story-stories,

city-citie-e

结尾的名词以元音字母toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,

Henry-Henry-结尾的，或专有名词

hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,-e一般potato-potatoes,

tomato-tomatoe以辅音

piano-pianos,photo-photos,母-结-不少外来词auto-autos,kilo-kilos,

solo-solo

的名zero-zeros/zeroes,

两者皆volcano-volcanoes/volcano

以元音字母-结尾的名radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoo-

truth-truths,mouth-mouths,8以-th结尾的名词加-smonth-months,

path-paths,

2.不规则名词复数：

英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：

规则例词

改变名词中的元音字母或man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,

1goo-gee,mou-mice其他形式

sheep,deer,ries,means,works,fish,2单复数相同speciesli,

yuan,jin,

ashes,trours,clothes,thanks,goods,3只有复数形式glass,

compass,contents

people,police,cattle,staff4一些集体名词总是用作复

数

部分集体名词既可以作单audience,class,

family,crowd,couple,

5group,committee,government,population,

数（整体）也可以作复数（成crew,team,public,

enemy,party员）

customs(海关),forces(军

队),times(

时代),

spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),

6复数形式表示特别含义papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外

表),brains(

头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废

墟)

Americans,Australians,

Germans,

7

示

国

人

-s加表单复

数同形“某

以-man”

Greeks,Swedes,

EuropeansSwiss,

Portugue,

Chine,

Japane

或Englishmen,

Frenchwomen

结尾的改为-woman-men,-women

将主体名词变为sons-in-law,lookers-on,pasrs-by,

story-tellers,boyfriends复数

无主体名词时将合8grown-ups,houwives,stopwatches

成名词最后一部分变为复数

将两部分变为复womensingers,menrvants

数

III.名词的所有格：

名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：

一是名词词尾加's构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有

生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1.'s所有格的构成：

单

数

名

词

在

末

尾

'sson-in-'一般在末尾加theboy'sfather,Jack'sbook,her

law'sphoto,

theteachers'room,thetwins'mother,

加

复

数

名

词

以

's不规则复数名词后加'或者s

结尾的人名所有格加'sSmiths'

hou

thechildren'stoys,women'srights,

Dickens'novels,Charles'sjob,the

表

示

各

自

的

所

有

关

系

时

尾

均

须

加

表

示

's各名词末,Japan'sandAmerica'sproblems,

共

有

的

所

有

关

系

时

在

最

后

一

Jane'sand

Mary'sbikes

JapanandAmerica'sproblems,Jane

词

末

加

表

示

＂

某

andMary'sfather's

所有格

thedoctor's,thebarber's,thetailor's,

人

家

＂

＂

店

铺

＂

，

后

名

词

省

略

myuncle's

2.'s所有格的用法：

表示时间１today'snewspaper,fiveweeks'holiday

2表示自然现象theearth'satmosphere,thetree'sbranches

表示国家城市等地方3

China'sindustry

thecountry'splan,theworld'spopulation,

的名词4表示工作群体

victory5表示度量衡及价值

theship'screw,majority'sview,theteam's

amile'sjourney,fivedollars'worthof

apples

与人类活动有特殊关6

系的名词7某些固定词组

wit'nd(

thelife'stime,theplay'splotabird'ye

view,astone'sthrow,atone's不知所措)

所有格的用法：

用于无生命的东西：thelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook

用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：theclassroomsofthe

first-yearstudents

用于名词化的词：thestruggleoftheoppresd

注：不同国籍人的单复数

国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数

中国人theChine,aChine,twoChine瑞士人the

Swiss,

aSwiss,twoSwiss

澳大利亚人theAustralians,anAustralian,twoAustralians俄国人

theRussians,aRussian,twoRussians

意大利人theItalians,anItalian,twoItalians希腊人the

Greek,

aGreek,twoGreeks

日本人theFrench,aFrenchman,twoFrenchmen法国人

theJapane,aJapane,twoJapane

美国人theAmericans,anAmerican,twoAmericans印度人

theIndians,anIndian,twoIndians

加拿大人theCanadians,aCanadian,twoCanadians德国人

theGermans,aGerman,twoGermans

英国人theEnglish,anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen瑞典人

theSwedish,aSwede,twoSwedes

名词练习

____oftheroomwerecoveredwith____.

,,leaves

,

,leaves

rethree____inourfactory.

octorsC.

woman

octor

oyouprefer____or____?

s,s,tomatoes

C.

potatoes,es,tomatoes

e____ofdifferentpress(出版社).Nowtheyare

havingameetinginoneofthe____office.

-in-chiefs,editors-in-chief'sB.

editors-in-chief,editor-in-chief's

s-in-chiefs,editor's-in-chief'sD.

editors-in-chief,editors-in-chief's

hastwo____.hesB.

hs

n'tlike____

B.

____hotweatherthatmanyofuswentswimming.A.

8.____wonderfulspacetheysawontheroom!.

____.

lyraialotof____,includingtwo____.

,,cattle

C.

cattles,,cattles

rofsoldiers____athecampgate（军营门口）.

hered

C.

wnshavespentalarge____ofmoneyontheirnew

car.

C.

13.____workhasbeendonetoimprovethepeople'sliving

standard.

many

rof

ook____warmlywithafriend.

C.

ds

____,s

ffee

'tpayas____asheaskedfor.

ice

rice

17.____'s

B.

Men'''s

dat____.ng''s

Wang

Carrieworksina____

B.

's

ueverread____?

pertoday

C.

'snewspaper

____walkdidn'.

''

heroverthereis____mother.

ndMary'sC.

Julia's

andMary''sandMary

'shandwritingisbetterthan____intheclass.

'el

's

el'el's

ldrenareplaying____onthe____.

,,sands

,

,sand

etroursaretoobig,buyasmaller____.A.

allytakesa____inbusonrainydays.A.

no____aboutwhereshehasgone.

C.

d____aredailynecessities（需要）forthepeople.

C.

ng

____ofhearingisnotsogoodasitudtobe.

A.

____caudbycarelessness____

workerswerekilled.

nt,washappened

,

happened

,wastakenplaceD.

accident,took

place

mwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe____ofher

heart.

C.

ng

32.____hasbeentoldnottothrowwastethingsanywhere.

C.

n____inthegovernment____.

,al,officeC.

officer,

al,officer

reveral____inthisnovelwhoaredifferentin____.

ter,ters,characters

C.

character,ters,character

tedhim____whenhewasinhospital.

herday

C.

woday

ndwillreturnin____.

twoC.

onedayor

days

37.____ationB.

lation

38.____ofthisnovelixcellent,quitetomysurpri.

ate

lation

ice____

B.

ngto

neare____braveandhardworkingpeople.A.

./

____

B.

till____verydifficultforme,thoughIhavedonemy

43.“Where____mytrours?”

B.

pytheyare!Obviously,theyare____.

spirit

spirit

ny____atedinthecornerreadingsomething.

s

nes

wenttohisdoctorfor____abouthishearttrouble.

C.

ices

____andtheyare____.

hmen,hmen,GermanC.

Englishmans,hmen,Germen

48.____aremadeof____.

,s,glass

glass,s,glass

49.I'llhavetobuy____.

twoC.

eof

retwo____

B.

''

51.____isneededincoldcountries.

othingC.

Manya

clothes

e____.aticsstudent

B.

mathematicstudents

tsin

mathematicsD.

mathematicsstudents

oratoryassistantrecordedthe____reactions（反应）.

'

C.

mices''s

tterwasntby____.

erfriend'dof

my

father'dofmyfather

shehad____.

ite

itehairs

ade____s

B.

end

ulationofBeijingis____thanthatofXi'an.A.

rethirty-two____inourschool.

eacherC.

women

eachers

riedeverythingbutitmadelittle______..

houldbe

no______

inndingthebloodtothedyingman.

C.

ofit!Nobodyherethinkswhatyouaresayingshould

makeany______.

C.

62.-Howdareyouplayonsuchthinice?-Playingon

iceisnot

my______ofsparetime.

tC.

ion

aidshewouldliketogotoAtlantabyair,butIwonderif

shehanoughmoneytopayforthe_____.

mC.

endidmountain______followedanotherduringour

journeyfromMieheelmoretoRurunz.

C.

lawwillcomeinto___onthedayitispasd.(1999上

海)

.

nce

uplay'football,what______doyouplay?A.

on

'simportantforustoemployawordoraphraaccordingto

the______inlanguagestudies.

sionC.

ation

himalettertoshowmy______ofhisthoughtfulness.

entC.

iation

headvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riis

thatyoucangetagood______.

C.

ysnaturalgas,windandotherformsof______are

widely

udinthecountry.

.

als

71.______withforeigncountriescanbringusmuchinformation

about

theworld.

itionC.

ation

nowthat______speaklouderthanwords.

mancesC.

s

workedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto

___.(NMET199738)

yC.

'vemisdthelastbus.I'mafraidwehaveno____butto

takea

taxi.(Met1993,33)

C.

ion

pedthe___andbrokeit.(Met1993,38)

'

cup

''skeepin____.(NMET1994,33)

on

C.

ship

edhis___byprinting___offamous

writers.(NMET1995,40)

;s;worksC.

wealths;

;works

78.I'lllookintothematterassoonaspossible,justhavealittle

___.(MET1996,10)

.

ychancesomeonecomestoeme,askthemtoleave

a

____.(NMET1997,18)

C.

ootballplayershadnostrict___untiltheyjoinedourclub.

(1997.上海20)

ionC.

ng

untriesareincreasingtheiruofnaturalgas,windand

otherformsof___.(1996.上海.15)

C.

al

'llfindthismapofgreat__inhelpingyoutogetround

London.(NMET199821)

.

ness

nowthat___speaklouderthanwords.(1999.上海24)

mancesC.

s

ntsalwaysletmehavemyown____ofliving.(1999.上

海25)

C.

n

festival、holiday、vacation的区别：

festival“节日”,指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动；

holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或风俗习惯,复数可以表示一个较

长的假期；

vacation“假期”,指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。

如：TheShanghaiTelevisionFestivalwillbeheldnextmonth.上海

电视节将在下个月举行

Sundayisaholidayandmostpeopledonotwork.星期天是个假日,

多数人不工作

Whatareyougoingtododuringthesummervacation/holidays?在

暑期你打算做什么事情？

fish的问题：指许多条鱼且不管种类时,用fish,可数名词且单复数相

There

时是不可数名词。如：”鱼肉“指fish指许多种类的鱼；fishes同；

aremanyfish/kindsoffishesinthepool.(池子里有很多鱼/种类的

鱼)/I

preferfishtomeat.(与肉相比我更喜欢鱼)

名词答案：

1~5BBDDD6~10BBCAA11~15ABCCB16~20DAACD21~25

DBDCD26~30BADBD

31~35AABDC36~40BACCB41~45ABDCA46~50BABCB

51~55BDDCD56~60ABCCB

61~65BACAA66~70DADCA71~75CDCBD76~80

ADCAD81~84ACDA