南京新东方考研英语

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SectionⅠUofEnglish

Directions:

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD

onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Smokingmaybeapleasureforsomepeople.1,itisarioussourceof2fortheir

icalauthoritiexpresstheir3abouttheeffectofsmoking4the

healthnotonlyofthowhosmokebutalsothowhodonot.5,nonsmokerswhomust

6inhaletheairpollutedbytobaccosmokemay7morethanthesmokersthemlves.

Asyouare8informed,aconsiderablenumberofstudentshave9inaeffortto10

vetheyare12rightintheiraim.

However,Iwouldhopethatitis13toachievethisbycalling14thesmokerstou

goodjudgmentandshowconcernforother15thanbyregulation.

Smokingis16bycitybylawsintheatresandinhallsudforshowingfilmsaswellasin

laboratorieswheretheremaybeafirehazard.17,itisuptoyourgood18.

Iamthereforeaskingyouto19―Nosmoking‖intheauditoriums,classroomsand

llprovethatyouhavethenonsmoker’shealthandwell-being

20,whichisveryimportanttoalargenumberofourstudents.

1.[A]Hence[B]However[C].Anyway[D]Furthermore

2.[A]joy[B]discomfort[C]convenience[D]relief

3.[A]consideration[B]attention[C]belief[D]concern

4.[A]against[B]for[C]in[D]on

5.[A]Inconquence[B]Ontheotherhand[C]Infact[D]Afterall

6.[A]instinctively[B]instantly[C]spontaneously[D]reluctantly

7.[A]suffer[B]subject[C]submit[D]sustain

8.[A]certain[B]sure[C]doubtless[D]right

9.[A]entered[B]joined[C]attended[D]involved

10.[A]reason[B]persuade[C]argue[D]suggest

11.[A]stop[B]object[C]ban[D]prevent

12.[A]entirely[B]likely[C]generally[D]possibly

13.[A]likely[B]probable[C]proper[D]possible

14.[A]out[B]for[C]on[D]up

15.[A]rather[B]better[C]more[D]other

16.[A]prohibited[B]protected[C]rerved[D]cleared

17.[A]Furthermore[B]Conquently[C]Nevertheless[D]Elwhere

18.[A]idea[B]duty[C]n[D]responsibility

19.[A]persist[B]maintain[C]stick[D]adhere

20.[A]inmind[B]inhead[C]inheart[D]inmemory

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SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Thatmythicalbeast,homoeconomicus,isutterlyclearaboutthepurpoofwork:togetpaid

Heiskeeneronleisurethanonwork,andifmoneycanbegotwithouteffort,

realpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplaces

aswork-shycitizens.

Yetacross-countrycomparisonofbenefitsandattitudestoworkpublishedonJanuary28th

chersranked13countriesaccordingtotheirgenerosity

(measuredbycomparingtypicalbenefitstothooutofworkwiththeaveragewageofa

productionworker)andtheircitizens’commitmenttowork(gaugedbyaskingwhethertheywould

workiftheydidnotneedthecash,andwhethertheyregardedajobasmerelyawaytoearna

living).Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,s,

whobenefitswereleastafterthothatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.

earchersfound,

logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthanthe

ritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponwork

commitment)sdoesnotentirelyexplaintheir

comparativeimmunitytotheattractionsofhardwork;Britonsofeverysocialclassandlevelof

educationwerelesskeenonworkthantheircounterpartlwhere.

Couldthe―dependencyculture‖currentlyexercisingBritishpoliticiansbesolvedbyraising

benefits?Unlikely,saysAlisonPark,editoroftheannualBritishSocialAttitudesReport,inwhich

thestudyappeared：

generosityofwhatthereportterms―encompassing‖states,allNordicwithLutherantraditions,

mayhavebeenmadepossiblebyastrongworkethic,ratherthanastrongercommitmenttowork

havingemergedasaresultofit

Andworkincentivesareaffectedbyfeaturesofwelfaresystemsotherthanoverall

generosity：―corporatist‖statessuchasGermany,whichpayhigherbenefitstothowitha

longerworkhistory,maybeencouragingpositiveattitudestoworkbysuchconditionality.

Britain’slittlebenefits,bycontrast,arelargelyindependentofprevioumployment,whichmay

meantheyareenasanalternativetowork,ratherthanasoneofthegoodthingsthatflowfrom

it.[404words]

21.“work-shycitizens”inthelastntenceofparagraph1probablyreferstopeoplewho

are.

[A]incompetentfortheirwork[B]ashamedoftheirwork

[C]unwillingtodotheirwork[D]irresponsiblefortheirwork

eParagraph2,welearnthat.

[A]Britons’averagewageisthelowestinEurope

[B]Britonsrelyheavilyongovernmentwelfares

[C]Britonspreferleisuretowork

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[D]Britonsarenotenthusiasticinwork

sareunmotivatedintheirworkmainlydueto.

[A]weakworkethic[B]insufficientworkskills

[C]lazylifestyle[D]defectivewelfaresystem

fthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

[A]AmericansareprobablylessinterestedintheirworkthanBritons.

[B]NorwegianxceedBritonsinprofessionaleducation.

[C]PeopleinNordiccountriesaremorecommittedtotheirworkthanGermans.

[D]Thewelfareof―encompassing‖statesmightbebetterthatofthan―corporatist‖states.

fthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]AttitudetoWork：DiligentorIdle?

[B]AttitudetoWork：Can’torWon’t?

[C]WelfareSystem：StimulatororInhibitor?

[D]WelfareSystem：MoreGenerousorMoreReasonable?

Text2

Notlongafterthetelephonewasinvented,Iassume,lerwasa

parentsaying,―yourchildisbullyingmychild,andIwantitstopped!‖Thebully’sparentreplied,

―disalittleangel.‖

Atrillionphonecallslater,ildrenareteadortyrannized,

days,

bullyingontheriandparentalsupervisiononthedecline,rearcherswhostudybullyingsay

llsoftenleadtoplayground

recriminationsanddon’treallyteachourkidsanylessonsabouthowtonavigatetheworldand

resolveconflicts.

Whenyoucallparents,youwantthemto―extractthecruelty‖fromtheirbullyingchildren,

saysLauraKavesh,achildpsychologistinEvanston,Illinois.―Butmanyparentsareblownaway

n’tbelieveit.‖Inarecentpolicedepartmentsurvey

inOakHarbor,Washington,89%oflocalhighschoolstudentssaidtheyhadengagedinbullying

y18%ofparentsthoughttheirchildrenwouldactasbullies.

vey,5%ofparentssupportcontactingotherparentstodealwith

yeducatorswarnthatthoconversationscanbemisinterpreted,causing

d,theysay,parentsshouldgetobjectiveoutsiders,likeprincipals,to

mediate.

Meanwhile,ifyougetacallfromaparentwhoisangryaboutyourchild’sbullying,listen

’swhatLauraMcHughofCastroValley,California,didwhena

callertoldherthatherthen13-year-oldsonhadspitinanotherboy’hadconfesd,

butthevictim’smom―wantedtomakesuremysonhadn’tgivenhersonanastydia,‖says

McHugh,w

knewthechanceofcontractinganydiathiswaywasremote,butherpromicalmedthe

motherandshowedMcHugh’,

founderofParentsCoachKids,agroupthatteachesparentingskills,ntthemomthetestresults.

Allwerenegative.

Remember:onceyoumakeacall,aveanitchy

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dialingfinger,nyourpocket.［419words］

d“bullying”probablymeans______.

［A］frighteningandhurting［B］teasing

［C］behavinglikeatyrant［D］laughingat

gtoabully’sparent.______.

［A］haslongexistedbutchangeditscontent

［B］isoftendonewithcarefulthinking

［C］oftenleadstoblamingandmisunderstanding

［D］isudtowarnthechildnottodoitagain

ingtothesurveysintheU.S.,_______.

［A］bullyingamongadultsisalsorising

［B］parentsarenotsupervisingtheirchildrenwell

［C］parentsldombelievebullies

［D］mostparentsresorttocallingtodealwithbullying

llyingoccurs,parentsshould_______.

［A］helpthebullingchildgetridofcruelty［B］resorttothemediator

［C］avoidgettingtooprotective［D］resistthetemptationofcalling

cHughpromidtogetthebulliedboytestedfordiasbecau________.

［A］hersonconfesdtobeingwrong

［B］shewasafraidtoannoytheboy’sparent

［C］hewaslikelytobeaffectedbythedias

［D］shewantedtoteachherownsonalesson

Text3

―I’venevermetahumanworthcloning,‖sayscloningexpertMarkWesthusinfromthe

crampedconfinesofhislabatTexasA&MUniversity.―It’sastupidendeavor.‖That’san

interestingchoiceofadjective,comingfromamanwhohasspentmillionsofdollarstryingto

,heandhisteamhavenotsucceeded,thoughthey

stmightsucceedincloningMissy

laterthisyear—sthereproductivesystemofman’s

bestfriendisoneofthemysteriesofmodernscience.

Westhusin’xperiencewithcloninganimalsleaveshimvexedbyallthistalkofhuman

eyearsofworkontheMissyplicityproject,usinghundredsuponhundredsof

canineeggs,theA&MteamhasproducedonlyadozenorsoembryoscarryingMissy’sDNA.

tageofeggsandthemany

spontaneouslyabortedfetusmaybeacceptablewhenyou’redealingwithcatsorbulls,heargues,

butnotwithhumans.―Cloningisincrediblyinefficient,andalsodangerous,‖hesays.

Evenso,dogcloningisacommercialopportunity,nce

Dollythesheepwasclonedin1997,Westhusin’sphoneatA&MCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine

noobstacleforcustomerslikeMissy’smysteriousowner,who

’sploppeddown$3.7millionsofartofund

therearchbecauhewantsatwintocarryonMissy’

tementofpurpo,Missy’sownerandthe

A&Mteamsaytheyare―bothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonediffersfrom

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Missy.‖

ThefateofthedogsampleswilldependonWesthusin’sthatevenifhegets

adogviablypregnant,theoffspring,shouldtheysurvive,willfacetheproblemsshownatbirthby

otherclonedanimals:abnormalitieslikeimmaturelungsandheartandweightproblems.―Why

wouldyoueverwanttoclonehumans,‖Westhusinasks,―whenwe’renotevenclotogettingit

workedoutinanimalsyet?‖［397words］

sinthinkscloningisdangerousbecau_____.

［A］animalsaretorturedtodeathintheexperiments

［B］thepublichaxpresdstrongdisapproval

［C］toomanylivesarewastedforlaboratoryu

［D］cloningbecomesaquestonlyforprofit

theproblemconfrontingtheMissyplicityproject?

［A］Theclientholdsasuspiciousviewtowardit.

［B］Thereisalackoffundstosupporttherearch.

［C］Theownerisunwillingtodisclotheinformation.

［D］Cloningdogsisadifficultbiologicalproblem.

fthefollowingistrueaboutanimalcloning?

［A］Fewprivatecloningcompaniescouldaffordit

［B］Fewpeoplehaverealizeditssignificance.

［C］Anexactcopyofacatorbullcanbemade.

［D］Itisbecomingaprosperousindustry.

epassagewecaninferthat_____.

［A］sinisgoingtocloneadogsoon

［B］scientistsarepessimisticabouthumancloning

［C］humanreproductivesystemhasnotbeenunderstood

［D］richpeopleareonlyinterestedincloninganimals

sinemstobelievethatcloning______.

［A］isstupidandshouldbeabandoned［B］hasbeenclotosuccess

［C］shouldbetakencautiously［D］isnowinadilemma

Text4

Themarveloustelephoneandtelevisionnetworkthathasnowenmeshedthewholeworld,

makingallmenneighbors,neverbepossibletoconver

thtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltake

minutes—sometimeshours—ontheirjourney,becauradioandlightwavestravelatthesame

limitedspeedof186,000milesacond.

TwentyyearsfromnowyouwillbeabletolistentoafriendonMars,butthewordsyouhear

willhavelefthismouthatleastthreeminutearlier,andyourreplywilltakeacorresponding

circumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessagesispossible—butnota

conversation.

Toaculturewhichhascometotakeinstantaneouscommunicationforgranted,aspartofthe

verystructureofcivilizedlife,this―timebarrier‖

willbeaperpetualreminderofuniversallawsandlimitationsagainstwhichnotallourtechnology

eemsascertainasanythingcanbethatnosignal—stilllessanymaterial

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object—canevertravelfasterthanlight.

Thevelocityoflightistheultimatespeedlimit,beingpartoftheverystructureofspaceand

thenarrowconfinesofthesolarsystem,

worst,thewillamounttotwentyhours—thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,

theouter-mostplanet.

Itiswhenwemoveoutbeyondtheconfinesofthesolarsystemthatwecomefacetoface

day,manyotherwieducatedmen—like

thosavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasp

stisthespaceenclosingour

neighbouringworlds,theplanets;thecondisthatwhichembracesthodistantsuns,thestars,

snosuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrial

affairs.

Manyconrvativescientists,appalledbythecosmicgulfs,havedeniedthattheycanever

opleneverlearn;thowhosixtyyearsagoscoffedatthepossibilityofflight,

andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswill

intheyarewrong,fortheyhavefailedtograspthegreat

lessonofourage—thatifsomethingispossibleintheory,andnofundamentalscientificlaws

oppoitsrealization,thensoonerorlateritwillbeachieved.

Onedayw

technicaldeviceisalwaysdevelopedtoitslimitandtheultimatespeedforspaceshipsisthe

llneverreachthatgoal,nthe

neareststarwillbelessthanfiveyearsvoyagingfromtheearth.［514words］

httotravelacrossthesolarsystem,itwilltake_______.

［A］ayear［B］nearlyaday［C］twomonths［D］thirtyminutes

tthatitwillneverbepossibletoconverwithsomeoneonanotherplanetshows

that________

［A］radiomessagesdonottravelfastenough

［B］noobjectcanevertravelfasterthanlight

［C］westernculturehasaspecialideaofcommunication

［D］certainuniversallawscannotbeprevailedagainst

ntedwiththeneworderofcosmicreality,manyeducatedmen________.

［A］becomeignorantsavageagain

［B］findthe―timebarrier‖unbearable

［C］willnotcombinesolarandstellarspace

［D］cannotadapttotheabruptchangeofscale

vativescientistswhodenythatcosmicgulfscaneverbecrosdwill________

［A］laughattheveryideaofflight

［B］learnalessonastheydidtenyearsago

［C］findspacetravelbeyondtheirreach

［D］oppothefundamentalscientificlaws

horofthepassageintendstoshow__________.

［A］thelimitationsofourtechnology［B］thevastnessofthecosmicreality

［C］theprospectofplanetarytravel［D］thepsychologicalimpactoftimeandspace

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PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingtext,stions41-45,choothemost

suitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintothenumberedblankwhentherearetowextrachoices,

uranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Atpicnics,striessuchasmining,farmingand

forestry,theycanhelpgaugethehealthoftheenvironmentbyjustcrawlingaroundandbeing

antsy.

Ithasbeenrecognizedfordecadesthatants—whicharehighlynsitivetoecologicalchange

—rtainspecies,for

instance,willcontinuetothriveataforestsitethathasbeenclearedoftrees.(41)Andstill

otherswillmoveinandtakeupresidence.

Bylookingatwhichspeciespopulateadeforestedarea,scientistscandeterminehow

"stresd"thelandis.(42)Antsareudsimplybecautheyaresocommonandcompri

somanyspecies.

Whereminesitesarebeingrestored,forexample,someantspecieswillrecolonizethe

strippedlandmorequicklythanothers.(43)AustralianminingcompanyCapricornCoal

Managementhasbeensuccessfullyusingantsurveysforyearstodeterminetherateofrecoveryof

landthatitisreplantingnearitsGermanCreekmineinQueensland.

Antsurveysalsohavebeenudwithmine-siterecoveryprojectsinAfricaandBrazil,where

warmclimatencouragedenanddiverantpopulations."Wefounditworkedextremelywell

there,"saysJonathanMajer,surveysareperfectly

suitedtoclimatesthroughoutAsia,hesays,

Majerputsit:"That’sthegreatthingaboutants."

Antsurveysaresohighly-regardedacologicalindicatorsthatgovernmentsworldwide

accepttheirresultswhenasssingtheenvironmentalimpactofminingandtreeharvesting.

(44)

Whynot?Becaumanycompaniescan’taffordtheexpenorthelaboratorytimeneededto

tstems,also,fromthescarcityofantspecialists.

(45)

[A]Thisallowedscientiststogaugethepaceandprogressoftheecologicalrecovery.

[B]Yetinotherbusiness,suchasfarmingandpropertydevelopment,antsurveysaren’tud

widely.

[C]Employingthopeopleareexpensive.

[D]Theydothisbysortingtheants,countingtheirnumbersandcomparingtheresultswiththo

ofearliersurveys.

[E]Theevolutionofantspeciesmayhaveastrongimpactonourecosystem.

[F]Otherswilldieoutforlackoffood.

[G]Gretaceousantssharedacoupleofwasp-liketraitstogetherwithmodernant-like

characteristics.

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PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowi

translationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

(46)Ahundredyearsago,whensportwasconfinedtogamesplayedinthebackyardoronthe

farm,onecouldhardlyhaveimaginedtheattentionthatithascometoreceiveinthetwentieth

,theimportanceofsportinsocietyisclearlydemonstratedbythefactthateventhe

yconductedinthelate1980s

revealedthatfully81percentofalladultsfollowsomeorganizedsport,

thephenomenonofweekend―sportswidows‖—womenabandonedbytheirhusbandsforweekend

sportsontelevision—interingitsthirdgeneration.

Sportisdefinedsociologicallyascompetitivephysicalactivitythatisperformedunder

lsocialinstitutions,,itprovides

societywithavastarrayofleisure-timeactivitiesforallgmentsofthepopulation.(47)Although

itisanoverstatementtosaythatmodernsocietyisaleisuresociety,therehasbeenasignificant

rmore,recreational

activityhasbecomeincreasinglynecessaryinasocietyinwhichthevastmajorityofjobsprovide

,sportprovidesanoutletforenergiesthat,ifnotdiverted,

couldcauriousstrainonthesocialorder.(48)Forbothfanandparticipant,sportpermitsthe

expressionofemotions(suchasangerandfrustration)inwaysthatareacceptableto,even

encouragedby,y,esatalllevels,but

especiallyfamousathletes,provideexamplesofconductandemploymentofskillsthatotherscan

emulate.

Althoughsportspromotemanypositiveaspectsofasociety,conflicttheoristsarequickto

pointoutthattheyalsoreflectsociety’stothersocialinstitutions,sportsare

characterizedbyinequalitiesofclass,mple,certainsports—suchaspolo,

tennis,andskiing—ports—suchasboxing,

whichisoftenassociatedwithurbanpoverty—aredistinctlylowerclassinoriginandparticipation.

(49)Ingeneral,membersofthelowerandworkingclasshavetendedtoparticipateinsportslike

baballandbasketball:gamesthatrequirelittlemorethanafield,aball,andsomeplayer.

Althoughsportissometimesconsideredexemptfromracialinequality,sociologyevidence

hasshownthisnottobetheca.(50)AlthoughitistruethatnonwhitesinAmericansocietyhave

enjoyedgreateropportunitiesforhighincomesinprofessionalsportsthaninotheroccupations,it

refew

nonwhitesportscasters,administrators,umpires,rmore,nonwhitesareallbut

abnt(evenasplayers)fromallprofessionalsportxceptbaball,basketball,boxing,and

football.

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SectionIIIWriting

PartA

ions:

YoureadanadvertimentinChinaDaily,inwhichaforeigncompanyislookingfora

lettertothepersonneldepartmentofthecompanytellingthemabout

1)youreducationalbackground,

2)yourworkexperience

tneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;u―LiMing‖instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

ions:

Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1)describeitsdrawing

2)interpretitsmeaning,and

3)giveyourcommentonit.

Youshouldwrite160–200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)