考研英语二

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SectionIUofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext。

Choothebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand

markA，B，CorDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)

Inourcontemporaryculture，

theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlooking

at-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearableEveryonearound

usemstoagreebytheway

theyfiddlewiththeirphones，

evenwithouta1underground

It'sasadreality-ourdesiretoavoidinteracting

withotherhuman

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2

beings-becauthere's2tobegainedfromtalking

tothestrangerstandingbyyou.

Butyouwouldn'tknowit，

universalarmorndsthe4：

"Pleadon'tapproachme."

Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5

ourscreens?

Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,exec

utivementalcoachWefear

rejection，

orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as"

creep,"Wefearwe'II

be7Wefearwe'IIbedisruptiveStrangersareinh

erently8tous，sowearemore

likelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcompa

redwithourfriendsand

acquaintancesToavoidthisanxiety,we10toour

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phones."Phonesbecomeourcurity

blanket，"Wortmannsays."Theyareourhappy

glassthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisg

oingtobemore11."

Butonceweripoffthebandaid，

tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlook

up，itdoesn'2011experiment，

behavioralscientistsNicholas

EpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodot

heunthinkable:

hadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14

."der

askedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15

howtheywouldfeelaftertalking

toastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16would

bemorepleasantiftheysat

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ontheirown,"

htheparticipantsdidn'texpect

apositiveexperience,afterthey17with

theexperiment,"notasinglepersonreportedhaving

beensnubbed."

18,thecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyable

comparedwiththosans

communication,whichmakesabsoluten,19human

beingsthriveoffofsocial

'sthat20:Talkingtostrangersca

nmakeyoufeelconnected.

1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signall[D]record

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2.[A]nothing[B]link[C]another[D]much

3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought

4.[A]message[B]cede[C]notice[D]sign

5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from

6.[A]misinterprete[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted

[D]mismatched

7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed

8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungreatful[C]unconventional

[D]unfamiliar

9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]an

gry

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10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn

11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]bo

ring

12.[A]hurt[B]resis[C]bend[D]decay

13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]neg

otiation

14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]rearchers[D]

pasngers

15.[A]reveal[B]choo[C]predictl[D]design

16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride

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17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[

D]putup

18.[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]

Inconquence

19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas

20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]Iogical[D]rare

答案：

s

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ge

rs

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Text1

Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.

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Peopleartactuallymore

chersmeasured

people's

heywereatworkand

whiletheywereathomeandfound

ithigheratwhatissuppodtobeaplaceofr

efuge.

"Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefound

thatwomenaswellasmen

havelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,"

writesoneoftherearchers.

SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetter

es."itismen

ortbeingbappicrathomethana

twork,"Anothersurpriisthat

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thefindingsholdtrueforboththowithchildrcn

andwithout,butmoresofor

whypcoplcwhoworkoutsidethe

homehavebetterhealth.

Whatthestudydoesn'tmeasureiswhetherpeoplear

estilldoingworkwhenthey'

reathome,whetheritishouholdworkorwork

manymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetoki

enwhostayhome,

women

whoworkoutsidethehome,they

theblurringofroles,and

thefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindthe

workplaceinmakingadjustments

forworkingwomen,it'snotsurprisingthatwomen

aremorestresdathome.

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Butit',people

prettymuchknowwhatthey're

suppodtobedoing:working,makingmoney,doing

thetaskstheyhavetodoinorder

gainisverypure:Emplo

yeeputsinhoursofphysicalor

mentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustaining

moola.

Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchcl

thehouhold

inwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyan

arealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequa

homecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfor

theirlabor;theyneedtobe

talkedintoit,orifthey'reteenagers,threatene

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dwithcompleteremovalofall

,they'

neverreallygettogohomefromhome.

Soit'snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestres

yarethe

tasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchh

ardertomotivate.

ingtoParagraph1，

mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome___________

[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation

[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace

[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement

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[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

ingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethe

happiestathome?

[A]Workingmothers

[B]Childlesshusbands

[C]Childlesswives

[D]Workingfathers

23Theblurringofworkingwomen'srolesrefersto

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thefactthay___________

[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhouwives

[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback

[C]thereisoftenmuchhouworkleftbehind

[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice

d"moola"(Line4，

Para4)mostprobablymeans___________

[A]energy

[B]skills

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[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

efrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceintha

t_____________

[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment

[B]divisionoflaborathomeisldomclear-cut

[C]houholdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating

[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded

答案：

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edgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

lesshusbands

rebothbreadwinnersandhouwives

ngs

ionoflaborathomeisldomclear-cut

Text2

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generation

collegestudents-thowho

donothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagoth

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erstudentsonarangeofeducation

radesarelowerandthei

sincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceecon

omicallyiftheysucceedinhigher

education,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfor

decadestorecruitmoreofthem.

Thishascreated"aparadox"inthatrecruitingfir

st-generationstudents,butthen

watchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereduca

tionhas"continuedtoreproduce

andwiden,ratherthanclo"achievementgapbad

onsocialclass,accordingto

thedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcomingin

thejournalPsychological

Scien.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asit

outlinesapotentialsolution

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tothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichi

nvolvesaone-hour,

next-to-no-costprogram)canclo63percentofthe

achievementgap(measuredby

suchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationando

therstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentunivers

ities,andtheirfindinsare

badonastudyinvolving147students(whocomplete

dtheproject)atanunnamed

privateuniversity．Firstgenerationwasdefinedas

nothavingaparentwithafou

r-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generations

tudents(59.1percent)were

recipientsofPellGrants，

afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancial

need，

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whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthes

tudentswitatleastoneparent

withafour-yeardegree

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestintervention

couldhaveabigimpact-was

badontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsm

aybemostlackingnotinpotential

butinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwith

theissuesthatfacemostcollege

studentsTheycitepastrearchbyveralauthor

stoshowthatthisisthegap

thatmustbenarrowedtoclotheachievementga

p.

Manyfirst-generationstudents"struggletonavigate

themiddle-classculture

ofhighereducation，learnthe'rulesofthegame，

'andtakeadvantageofcollege

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resources,"theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofa

problemwhencollagesdon'ttalk

abouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdiffe

rentgroupsofstudentsBecau

UScollegesanduniversitiesldomacknowledgehow

socialclasscanaffect

students'educationalexperience，

manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightabout

whytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandh

owstudents'likethemcanimprove

tingmorefirst-generationstudentshas

[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates

[B]narrowedtheachievementgao

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[C]misditsoriginalpurpo

[D]depresdcollegestudents

27Theauthoroftherearcharticleareoptimisti

cbecau

[A]theproblemissolvable

[B]theirapproachiscostless

[qtherecruitingratehasincread

[D]theirfindingappealtostudents

28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generations

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tudents

[A]studyatprivateuniversities

[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies

[qareinneedoffinancialsupport

[D]havefailedtheircollage

horofthepaperbelievethatfirst-gene

rationstudents

[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudent

s

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[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforrearch

projects

[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcol

lege

nferfromthelastparagraphthat--

[A]universitiesoftenr~ectthecultureofthemiddl

e-class

[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackof

resources

[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpnricheducational

experiences

[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheproblemi

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nquestion

答案：

ditsoriginalpurpo

oblemissolvable

needoffinancialsupport

experiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege

gesarepartlyresponsiblefortheproblem

inquestion

Text3

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Evenintraditionaloffices，

"thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahas

gottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brained

thanitwas20yearsago，

"saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyK

oehnShestartedspinningoff

examples."IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune

500companiesin1990，wewould

emuchlessfrequentuoftermslikeJourney,

mission,eregoals，

therewerestrategies，therewereobjectives，

butwedidn'ttalkaboutenergy；

wedidn'ttalkaboutpassion."

Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatev

ocabularyisvery

"team"-oriented-andnotbycoincidence."Let'snotforg

etsDorts-inmale-dominated

corporateAmerica，

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it''snotexplicitlyconsciou

s；it'sthe

ideathatI'macoach，andyou'remyteam，

andwe're

lotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies，

butmostthinkofthemlvesas

coachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttow

in".

Thetermsarealsointendedtoinfuworkwith

meaning-and，asKhuranapoints

out，

increaallegiancetothefirm."Youhavetheimport

ationofterminologythat

historicallyudtobeassociatedwithnon-profito

rganizationsandreligious

organizations：Termslikevision，values，passion，

andpurpo，"saidKhurana

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Thisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkee

pemployeesmotivatedamid

increasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalanceThe

"mommywars"ofthe1990sa

restillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsabout

whywomenstillcan'thaveitall

andbookslikeSherylSandberg'sLeanIn，

whotitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinits

ikeunplug，offline，life-hack，

bandwidth，andcapacityareall

aboutttingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthe

homeButifyourworkisyour

"passion,"you'IIbemorelikelytodevoteyourlf

toit，evenifthatmeansgoing

homefordinnerandthenworkinglongaftertheki

dsareinbed

Butthisemstobetheironyofofficespeak：

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Everyonemakesfunofit，butmanage

rsloveit，companiesdependonit，

andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbitAsNunberg

said，

"Youcangetpeopletothinkit'snonnatthe

sametimethatyoubuyinto

it."Inaworkplacethat'sfundamentallyindifferen

ttoyourlifeanditsmeaning

officespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourel

atetoyourwork-andhowyourwork

defineswhoyouare

ingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehasb

ecome________

[A]moreemotional

[B]moreobjective

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[C]lesnergetic

[D]lesnergetic

[E]lessstrategic

32."team"-orientedcorporatevocabularyisclolyrel

atedto________

[A]historicalincidents

[B]genderdifference

[C]sportsculture

[D]athleticexecutives

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abelievesthattheimportationofterminolo

gyaimsto________

[A]revivehistoricalterms

[B]promotecompanyimage

[C]fostercorporatecooperation

[D]strengthenemployeeloyalty

einferredthatLeanIn_________

[A]voicesforworkingwomen

[B]appealstopassionateworkaholics

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[C]triggersdcbatesamongmommies

[D]praismotivatedemployees

fthefollowingstatementsistrueabout

officespeak?

[A]Managersadmireitbutavoidit

[B]Linguistsbelieveittobenonn

[C]Companiesfindittobefundamental

[D]Regularpeoplemockitbutacceptit

答案：

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motional

sculture

gthenemployeeloyalty

sforworkingwomen

niesfindittobefundamental

Text4

Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLab

orDepartmentreporledfor

Jure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymenttake

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news.

itappearstheeconom

yiscreatingjobsatadecent

lhavealongwaytogotogetback

tofullemployment,butatleast

wearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace

.

Howeverthereisanotherimportantpartofthejobs

picturethatwastargely

asabigjumpinthenumberof

peoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworking

gureisnow830,000（4,4percent）

aboveitsyearagolevel.

BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,i

tisworthmakingan

oplewhoworkpart-time

jobsactuallywantfull-time

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kepart-timeworkbecauthisisall

eain

involuntarypart-timeworkividenceofweaknessi

nthelabormarketanditmeans

thatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtime

makingendsmeet.

Therewasanincreaininvoluntarypart-timeinJ

une,butthegeneraldirection

ntarypart-timeemploymentiss

tillfarhigherthanbeforethe

recession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fro

mitsyearagolevel.

Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvolun

tarypart-timeemployment

veyudbytheLab

orDepartmentaskspeopleifthey

workedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.I

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ftheansweris"yes."theyare

veythenask

swhethertheyworkedlessthan

35hoursinthatweekbecautheywantedtowork

lessthanfulltimeorbecau

eonlyelassifiedasvo

luntarypart-timeworkersifthey

tellthesurveytakertheychotoworklessthan

35hoursaweek.

Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacar

ebecanoneofthemain

purposwastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsi

ypeople,

especiallythowithrioushealthconditionsorf

amilymemberswithrious

healthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywayto

getinsurancewasthroughajob

thatprovidedhealthinsurance.

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However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12million

peopletoeitherget

repeoplewhomaypreviously

havefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatpr

ovidedinsuranceinordertocover

amacarethere

isnolongeralinkbetween

employmentandinsurance.

artofthejobspicturewasneglected?

spectofathrivingjobmarket.

reaofvoluntarypart-timejobs.

sibilityoffullemployment.

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elerationofjobcreation.

opleworkpart-timebecauthey

part-timejobstofull-timejobs

atinoughtomakeendsmeet

gettheirhandsonfull-timejobs

'tentheweaknessofthemarket

ntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS

ertoacquirethanoneyearago

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generaltendencyofdecline

iestherealneedofthejobless

rthanbeforetherecession

elearnedthatwithObamacare,.

longereasyforpart-timerstogetin

surance

mentisnolongerapreconditiontogeti

nsurance

illchallengingtogetinsuranceforfa

milymembers

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-timeemploymentisstillesntialforinsur

ance

tmainlydiscuss.

mentintheUS

-timerclassification

ncethroughMedicaid

are'strouble

答案：

creaofvoluntarypart-timejobs

tgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs

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ageneraltendencyofdecline

ymentisnolongerapreconditiontoget

insurance

ymentintheUS

SomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercorneToucghTimes

Uefortunately,lifeisnotabedofros,Weare

goingthroughlifefacingsad

er,wearegrievingvariouskinds

ofloss:afriendship,a

mesmayh

oldyoudownatwhatusuallyems

likethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememb

erthattheywon'tlastforever.

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Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforwar

d,strongerwithagreater

rmore,thes

elossmakeusmatureand

eventallymoveastowardfutureopportunitiesforgr

o

sharetheoldtruthsI'velearnedalongtheway.

41.

rmalhuman

reactionisudtoprotect

usbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwi

unately,peoplecreate

innerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.M

yfavoriteactorwillsmithonce

said,"roductofthoug

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42

isunderstand

risachoice."I

docompletelyagreethatfears

arejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.

42.

Ifyouare???by???and

43..

Sometimesitiscasytofeelbadbecauyouare

canbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyou

forgettopauandappreciate

rongpeoplepreferto

smileandvaluetheirlifeinstead

ofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.

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43

44..

Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowri

ousthesituationis,youshould

ee

pinmindthatalmosteveryone

respectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretrying

tomakeagoodchangeinyourlife,

especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople,Youmay

haveacircleoffriendswho

provideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.

Ifyouhavenofriendsor

articipateinveralonlinecomm

unities,fullofpeoplewhoare

alwayswillingtoshareadviceandcncouragement.

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45.

Todaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheir

ownopinionandekbalance

ayyoudevalueyouropinionand

showthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourofow

uarestruggling

toachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelievein

yourlfandbesurethatyour

einyourskin,think

yourownthoughts,haveyourown

valuesandmakeyourownchoices.

答案：

fyourfearsareunreal

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abouttherentmoment

aremanythingstobegratefulfor

enotalone

ourownuniquepath

SectionⅢTranslation

ions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChine

ourtranslation

onANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat'sveryfamiliar.I

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tcouldbeyourcommuteto

work,ver

itis,youknoweverytwistand

esortso

ftripsit'asytolo

concentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentio

conquenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphas

takenlesstimethanitactually

has.

Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:peopletend

tounderestimatethetime

ittakestotravelafamiliarroute.

Theeffectiscaudbythewayweallocateoura

traveldown

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awell-knownroute,becauwedon'thavetoconcen

tratemuch,timeemstoflow

erwards,whenwecometothink

backonit,wecan'tremember

thejourneywellbecauwedidn'tpaymuchattenti

sumeit

wasshorter.

参考译文：

想想看在一条非常熟悉的路上驾驶的感觉，这可能发生在上班，进城

或回家的路上。无

论如何，你会熟悉路上的每一个迂回曲折。在这类旅行中，我们很容

易会分散注意力并且不

太关注路边的风景。结果就是你误以为旅途比实际所用的时间要少。

这是美妙的旅程所产生的效果：人们往往会低估在熟悉的旅程中所用

掉的时间。

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我们分散注意力的方式会导致这种结果。当我们在知名的路途中行驶

时，我们不必过于

集中精力，时间似乎过得飞快。随后，当我们回想整个过程时，由于

没有特别留神，会变得

印象模糊。此时，我们似乎会觉得这段旅程会更短些。

SectionⅣWriting

PartA

ions:

Suppoyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummer

campforhighschoolstudents.

Writeanoticeto

1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and

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49

2)callforvolunteers.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHE

ET.

Donotuyournameorthenameofyouruniversi

ty.

Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)

范文：

Notice

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50

TheStudents'Unionarearrangingforasummercamp

forhighschoolstudents

tobroadentheirhorizonandexperiencedifferentli

earesomeforeign

students,whowillalsoattendit,somevolunteersare

ailsareas

follows.

Tobeginwith,thesummercampisscheduledonJuly

15thandwillendonJuly

tosay,itwilllastforaboutonewee

kandthethemeis"Lovingyour

country,Lovingtheworld".Whatismore,differentkinds

ofactivitiesareincluded

duringthecamp,likeknowledgecompetition,patriotic

songscontest,dramacontest

tnotleast,volunteersshouldbet

howhoaregoodatcommunicating

withforeignersandalsotakeanactivepartinac

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51

tivities.

Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleadonothesitateto

contactusat5678soon.

Students'Union

PartB

ions:

urwriting,yourshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomment.

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Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHE

ET.

范文：

Thepiechartprovidessomeinterestingdataregardi

ngthefamilyexpenof

urbanresidentsduringSpringFestivalinourcountr

ownabove,thefamily

expenduringtheholidayismainlyudforgifts

,accounting40percentofthe

wholeexpen.

Obviously,suchstatisticsregardingfamilyexpens

reflectsthelifestyles

nwit

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53

h,themostexpenudforbuying

prentssuggeststhatChinepeoplearemorelikel

ytoenjoyalifestyleof

communicationduringholidays,whichmayaddmorefl

avortotheirroutinelife.

What'smore,itisinterestingtonotethaturban

residentsattachimportanceto

givingothersgifts,therebydevotingmuchofthei

ncometogiftsforfriends,

tion,thereis

nodenyinginsayingthatthe

majorfactorresponsibleforthephenomenonisthat

urbanpeoplepossmoremoney

availableforgiftsthankstothegrowthofurban

economy.

Takingabove-mentionedanalysisintoaccount,wecann

aturallyarriveatthe

conclusion:asthesocietyfurtherdevelops,thetre

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54

ndmirroredbythetableisbound

tocontinueforacoupleofyearsintheforthcomi

ngfuture.

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