杨浦高级中学

2021届上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Olderadultswhosleepsixhoursorfeweranightmayhaveelevatedriskfordementia(痴呆症)andother

cognitive(认知的)issues,anewstudyfinds.

RearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredniors'(ages65to85)dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,

findinghigherriskinthopatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothowhosleptvenor

eniorswhosleptnineormorehoursalsohadlowercognitivefunctionsandotherhealth

issues,buttherearchersdidn'tfindthesamehighdementiariskinthisgroup.

Thefindingsdemonstratehowimportantitisforadultstomaintainahealthysleepcycle,especiallyasthey

getolder.

Asadultsage,it'scommonfortheirsleeppatternstochangeorbecomedisrupted—leadingtolonger,shorter,

sruptionmaybelinkedtoAlzheimer'sandotherformsofdementia,impacting

niors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,isruptioncan

alsobecaudbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardia（冠心病）,andotherconditions.

Arecommendedsleeptimeforniorsisventoeighthours,ewerhours

correspondedtoshortsleep,whilenineormorehourscorrespondedtolongsleep.

TheStanfordrearchersmeasuredlevelsofbetaamyloid,aproteininthebrainthatistypicallyfoundinhigh

levelswhenapatientdevelopsAlzheimer'tion,therearchersudveraltestsformemory,attention,

spatialskills,andexecutivefunctiontoidentifypatients'atientssleepingforsixhoursor

feweranightweremorelikelytodevelopdementia,-sleeppatientshadhigher

levelsofbetaamyloid.

TheStanfordrearchersfoundthatpatientswithlowersleepalsoperformedworonmemorytests,while

thowithhighersleep(morehours)performedworonexecutivefunctiontests，whichmeasurethebrain's

abilitytoswitchbetweendifferenttasks.

―Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife,WinertoldCNN.

estheunderlinedword“disrupted”inparagraph4mean?

ered

ent

ingtothefindings,whichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothedisruptedsleep?

relikelytocauoldpeopletohavebadmemoriesoverissues.

ontributetodementia,cardiovasculardiaandotherillness.

ilybehaviorsperhapsdifferfromthowhosleepingisnormal.

DIttendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.

nweinferfromthestudy?

rsleeptimeforniorsisventoeighthours.

highsleeppatientswerebothpooratmemorytests.

ivefunctiontestisappliedtomeasurethecapacityofbrain.

gahealthysleepforolderadultslateinlifeiscrucial.

B

OneSundaymorning,aswewalkedinto

RestaurantHappyMeal,ayoungwaitressshowedustoatable.

Weorderedourfoodandsoonafter,wewereabouttobeginourmeal,weheard

someoneshoutingfortheboss.

“Whatisthis?Adeadflyinmyfood!’’amanwithadeepscar(疤)ngly

amecrashingtothefloor,breakingintopieces.

Hiscompanion,ahugemanwithatattooonhisarm,staredangrilyatthebosswhostoodnervouslyinfrontofthe

twogangsters(歹徒).

Thebossapologizedrepeatedlytotheangrycustomersandtriedtocalmthemdownbyofferingtoreplace

toldthemthattheycouldhavetheirmealforfree.

Thecommotion(混乱)gthataquarrelwouldhappen,many

themhadnotevenfinishedtheir

breakfast.

edhimandfinished

sprobablythequietestandfastestbreakfastmyfamilyeverhad.

Althoughmyfatherwarnedusnottolookatthetwounruly(任性的)customers,Icouldnothelpstealinga

glanceatthem.

oodanddrinkswerebroughtto

ilethewaitresswhohadshownustoour

tableearliersweptupthebrokenchina.

estheunderlinedword“The”referto?

dplates.

yandthefood.

nweknowabouttheownerfromparagraph4?

orryforwhathadhappened.

ngrywiththetwocustomers.

ardonedbythetwocustomers.

isappointedthatthemencaudproblemshere.

nweinferaboutthewriterandhisfamily?

ghtoftentalkwhiletheyate.

deredalotoffoodeachtimetheyateout.

tenatesilentlyandthatdaywasnoexception.

uallydidnotliketobedisturbedwhiletheyate.

dthewriterthinkoftheboss?

.

C

FormostthinkerssincetheGreekphilosophers,itwaslf-evidentthatthereissomethingcalledhuman

nature,erevariousviewsaboutwhatconstitutesit,but

therewasagreementthatsuchanesnceexists—thatistosay,thatthereissomethingbyvirtueofwhichmanis

nwasdefinedasarational(理性的)being,asasocialanimal,ananimalthatcanmaketools,ora

symbol-makinganimal.

Morerecently,sonforthischangewasthe

inationofthehistoryofhumanitysuggested

thatmaninourtimeissodifferentfrommaninprevioustimesthatitemedunrealistictoassumethatmenin

everyagehavehadincommonsomethingthatcanbecalled“humannature.”Thehistoricalapproachwas

strengthened,particularlyintheUnitedStates,bystudiesinthefieldofculturalanthropology(人类学).Thestudy

ofprimitivepeopleshasdiscoveredsuchadiversityofcustoms,values,feelings,andthoughtsthatmany

anthropologistsarrivedattheconceptthatmanisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesits

rfactorcontributingtothetendencytodenytheassumptionofafixedhumannaturewasthatthe

concepthassooftenbeenabudasashield(盾牌)

nameofhumannature,forexample,Aristotleandmostthinkersuptotheeighteenthcenturydefendedslavery.

Orinordertoprovetherationalityandnecessityofthecapitalistformofsociety,scholarshavetriedtomakea

caforacquisitiveness,competitiveness,rly,onerefers

cynically（愤世嫉俗地）to“humannature”inacceptingtheinevitabilityofsuchundesirablehumanbehavioras

greed,murder,cheatingandlying.

Anotherreasonfordisbeliefabouttheconceptofhumannatureprobablyliesintheinfluenceofevolutionary

ncametobeenasdevelopingintheprocessofevolution,theideaofasubstancewhichis

lieveitisprecilyfromanevolutionarystandpointthatwe

canexpectnewinsightintotheproblemofthenatureofman.

ilosophersbelievedthathumannature________.

ualitydistinguishingmanfromotheranimals

tsofcompetitivenessandlfishness

thingpartlyinnateandpartlyacquired

tsofrationalityandundesirablebehavior

ditionalviewof“humannature”wasstronglychallengedby________.

toricalapproachtoman

losophicalanalysisofslavery

ingtothepassage,anthropologistsbelievethathumanbeings________.

nwithdivercultures

theircharactersastheygrowup

hormentionedAristotle,agreatancientthinker,inorderto________.

izethathecontributedalottodefiningtheconceptof“humannature”

attheconceptof“humannature”wasudtojustifysocialevils

hathehadaprofoundinfluenceontheconceptof“humannature”

ttheideathatsomehumancharactersareinherited.

D

YuChenrui,29,isamakerofautomata(机关人偶)inChengdu,taarebuilttolook

likehumansoranimalsandgivetheillusion(错觉)ofbeingabletomoveontheirown,“Theartformamazesme,

becauitcombinesvariousskills,fromstorytellingtomechanics,andthepiecesarebuiltwithanofhumor,”

ationshavecaughttheattentionofwell-knownartistsandhisfancypiecesofarthaveattracted

collectorsworldwide.

Interestedinhandcraftsasaboy,YufirstencounteredautomatadesignedbyJapaneartistKazuakiatan

exhibitionin2015whenhestudiedattheCommunicationUniversityofChinainBeijing.“Itwaslikemeetinga

like-mindedfriend,”Yusays,tanddesignmajor,hebegantolearnthecraftby

himlfand,withthesupportofhistutor,hekeptstudyingandexaminingautomatainschool.

Whenhegraduatedin2016,edonatthecompany

forthreeyearsbecau,atthattime,orking

asadesignally,despitethe

job’sgoodsalary,y,in2018,Yuquithisjob

andreturnedtoChengdutoopenhisautomataworkshop.

Tokeephimlfoccupiedwhilerunninghisworkshop,heplantedblueberries,

watered,weededandaddedfertilizer(肥料)everyday.“Dailyroutineshelpedmecalmdownandinspiremy

creativity,whichresultedinanautomatoncalledToObrvetheAutumn,”Yusays.

Overtime,Yu’sreputationgrewandhisbusinessflourished(兴旺).ManyofYu’screationsarebuiltwitha

dashofwisdom,sthattherearemany

morecreativeideaswaitingtobeexpresd.“ItfeelsquitegoodtobefullydevotedtoautomatacreationandIam

stillarchingformylf.”

nwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

uippedwithvariousskills.

ersonfullofnofhumor.

CYuisnowgainingrecognitionworldwide.

llowingthelatesttrendinhandcraft.

YuquithisjobinBeijing?

dn'tmakealivingoutofit.

edtopursuehisowndream.

edhisfamilyinChengdu.

ghthehadalotexperience.

ingtoYu,whatcontributestohiscreativityasanautomataartist?

sofhisbusiness.

ationfromdailylife.

fthefollowingcanbestdescribeYu’sstory?

opesmakegreatman.

enceisthemotherofwisdom.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

swillmeetwithobstacles（障碍）inourlife.

___16___Herearemytipsforhowtoovercomeanyobstaclethatlifemayputinfrontofyou

erwhatobstacleshavecomemyway,staying

asintenthgrade,Ihadtomiss29daysofschoolinorderto

havemajorbacksurgery,wherevenvertebrae（脊椎）wereremovedduetospinalcordcompression（脊髓压

迫症）.IknewthatthebacksurgerywasimportantandIfoundawaytomakeuptheschoolworkthatIhad

misd.___17___

Don'irstmovedouttoLosAngelesaftergrowingupinBoston,Iwentononehundredjob

n'trightforthoonehundredpositions,Iknewtherestill

hadtobeanopportunityoutthereforme.

___18___AssoonasIwakeupinthemorning,Iencounteranewchallenge—whetherit'stryingtoreach

somethingasyoutry,that'sall

thatmattersintheend.

Askyourlfifyou'e'ssomethingthat'smakingyouunhappy,youshouldfindawayto

makechange.___19___NowI'mmorecautiousofthepeoplewithwhomIsurroundmylf.

erpeoplearestaringorlaughingatmeforwhateverreason,keepinga

smileonmyfacecausthemtowonderwhyIdon'treact.___20___Iftheylooklikethey'restruggling,trytohelp

echancetolearnfromthem.

Disabilitycanonlybefoundinthewayyouthink...andlifeisonlyashardasyoumakeit.

wedo?

stmyowngoals.

'tcompareyourlftoothers.

ngeyourlfandtrynewthingveryday.

ylfunhappywheneverI'msurroundedbynegativepeople.

meyou'reoutandabout,trytofindsomeonetosmileatandsayhelloto.

gpositiveallowedmetokeepupwithmyclassmatesandgraduateontime.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

IbelieveinmiraclesbecauI’,apatientwasreferredto(被引荐)mewho

wasonehundredandtwoyearsold."There’sa____21____inmyupperjaw."shesaid."Itoldmyowndentistit’s

nothing,buthe____22____Icometoeyou".

d____23____toaddsomething,

alargecancerthatspreadovermuchofthe____24____ofhermouth.A

carefulexaminationlater____25____thatitwasabadsortofcancer.

DuringhernextappointmentIexplainedtoherthe____26____dmyhandfirmlyin

hersandsaid,"Iknowyou’reworriedaboutme,butI’mjust____27____.

onsiderable____28____onmypart,andkindnessonherpartbecaushewanted

to____29____me,him,butasI

expected,_____30_____treatment.

Aboutsixmonthslatershereturnedtomyoffice,stillenergeticand_____31_____,"Howareyou?"Iasked.

"I’mjustfine,honey,"sheresponded_____32_____highspirits."WhencanIgetstartedonfixingmydentures(假

牙)?”

_____33_____toeheratall,Iansweredconfudly,"Letmetakealookinyourmouthandwe’lleabout

it."

Icouldn’certhathad_____34_____nearlytheentireroofofhermouthwas

gone-onlyonesmallareaofredness_____35_____.

Ihadreadofsuchthingshappeningbuthad_____36_____smyfirst

hen,I’veenmanyothers,becautheykeepgetting_____37_____,miraclesare

pleareamiracle,_____38_____throughthemwehaveachancetoknow

ourlvesandto_____39_____themiraclesofoneanother.

Sincemyfirstmiracle,I’vecometounderstandthatamiracleexists_____40_____wechootofindit.

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第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Oneofthebestthingsaboutaphotographeristhatyoucanobrveanimalsintheir___41.___(nature)

famous____42.____thevarietyofitswildlife,itisprobablybestknownforitsbears,___43.___canrunveryfast

andalsoswimperfectly.

Lastspring,aftersteppingoutofadarkforest,Iwas____44.____(shock)

wasconcentratingonphotographingtheamazingscene?I___45.___(sudden)d

slowlyand___46.___(find)abearonlymetresawayfromme,w,I

forcedmyfinger____47.____(press)y,acondlater,thebearturned____48.____ranbackinto

da___49.___(frighten)butmagicalexperience!

Isometimeslookatthephotos?andtheyrveasa_____50._____(remind)toshowrespecttoallanimals.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每

句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

next

fewday,eachtimeIwanteredthebathroom,,itsuddenoccurredtome

,Igatheredmycourageandwas

,Icarrieditsafelytothewindow

greatnofjoyinrescuethepoorlittlefellow.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Oncetherewsudden,

theshipmetwithana

reachingthere,verymoment,thehusbandpushed

hiswifebehindhimandjumpedontothelifeboathimlf,leavinghiswifestandingonthesinkingship,shouting

somethingdesperatelytoherhusbandeyesfilledwithtears.”

Theteacherstoppedherstory-tellingandaskedherstudents,“Guys,guesswhatitwasthatsheshouted.”

Moststudentsanswered.“Ihateyou!”

Afterlisteningtoallthisreply,theteacherglancedthroughthewholeclassagainandnoticedthattherewas

easkedhimthesamequestion.

Theboyanswered,“Ibelieveshewouldhaveshouted-Takecareofourchild.”

Listeningtohisremarks,theteacherwassurpridandaskedtheboydoubtfully.“Haveyouheardofthis

storybefore?”

Shakinghishead,theboysaidsoftlyandsadly,“No,Ihaven’t’swhatmymothersaidtomyfather

beforeshediedofadeadlydia.”

Movedandfeelingsad,theteacherreplied.“Youranswerislyright!”

Thenshecontinued,“Let’psankeventuallyandthehusbandwenthomeand

arslaterafterthedeathoftheman,theirdaughterwastidyingupallhis

iaryshefoundthatwhenherparentswereontheship,hermother

hadalreadybeendiagnod(诊断)withadvancedillnessandatthecriticalmoment,thefatherrushedtotheonly

chanceofsurvival.”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Inhisdiary,themanmentionedhewishedtosinktotheoceanwithhiswifebutfortheirdaughterhehadto

live.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________

Thestorywasfinishedandtheclasswassilent.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________

参考答案

1.B2.D3.D

4.B5.A6.A7.D

8.A9.A10.C11.B

12.C13.B14.D15.B

16.A17.G18.D19.E20.F

21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.

B33.B34.A35.D36.C37.A38.D39.D40.B

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51.(1).notice→noticed

(2).frightened→frightening

(3).day→days

(4).was去掉

(5).sudden→suddenly

(6).them→it

(7).on→to

(8).Inend之间加the

(9).that→which

(10).rescue→rescuing

52.略