2018高考答案

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

英语

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourin3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowers

ofWashington,.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswhere

eyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinExplorethemonuments

andmemorialsontour

includesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,.

Duration:3hour

MorningorAfternoon,ersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,ahealthywaywithminimumguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinteresting

storiesaboutPresidents,Congress,memories,andbikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecycling

betweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hour(7miles)

JoinasmallgrouphiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,.Getupcloto

themonumentstopsare

cludesbike,helmet,andbottled

ersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

ourdoyouneedtobookinadvance【A】

BlossomTourinWashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

lCityBikeTourinWashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

llyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour【D】

ationalpark.

nterestingstories.

fthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide【D】

lights.

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisudtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheis

cookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsona

tightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMatt

Tebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodtaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyathe

GoodMorningBritainprentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinher

ownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”

sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becautheyareflour,

water,odycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecan

makethisfoodourlves.”

Theeight-partries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSave

Money:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproducts

onthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouholdexpen,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamily

eachtonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationona

teamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlesxpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

doweknowaboutSusannaReid(B)

rtedanewprogramme.

atightbudgetforherfamily.

doesMattTebbutthelpSusanna(C)

efoodforherkids.

sguestfamiliesforher.

doestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4(C)

viceforthereaders.

picfordiscussion.

canbeasuitabletitleforthetext(D)

FitbyEatingSmartOurDailyDiet

YourlfaPerfectChefWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenless

comingandalotmoretheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groups

developedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachlanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000years

ago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthopeoplestartedttlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguages

toobecamemorettledandfewerinrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbetter

communicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecaudmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineareincreasinglytakingover.

Atprent,theworldhasabout6,tributionofthelanguagesishugelyuneven.

Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,

wetzoneshavelots,hasonlyaround200languages;theAmericas

about1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaalone

iannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalf

theworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclotoextinction(消亡),withonlyafew

,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico

(150),LipanApacheintheUnitdeStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAuatralia(one,withaquestion-mark):

noneoftheemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

canweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimesB

rgeinnumber.

olyconnected.

ofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2C

...

manylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatprentB

6,800.3,400.2,400.1,200.

isthemainideaofthetextC

languageswillbecreated.

’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

developmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

determineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshony

andnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutof

style,That’sbadnewsforenvironment–andourwallets–astheoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmore

energythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesatthe

RochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughout

itslife–formwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthemethodprovidedareadoutforhow

homeenergyuevolvedsincetheearlyweregroupedbycomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-t

3players,smartphones,andLCD

TVnteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’tthrowoutouroldones.“TheLiving-room

televisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekid’sroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroom

ofthehou,”ragenumberofelectronicdevicesrofromfourperhouhold

in1992to13in’ingtotheanalysisof

Babbin’steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTV’swithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeir

energyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhougamissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe

1992to2007window.

Sowhat’sthesolution(解决方案)Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007,buttherearchersalso

exploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatrvemorethan

onefunction,undthatmoreon-demand

entertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby

44%.

doestheauthorthinkofnewdevices(A)

etterthantheold.

fstylequickly.

didBabbin’steamconducttherearch(D)

elifecycleofaproduct.

telectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

ofthefollowingustheleastenergy(B)

pcomputer.

doesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices(A)

.

第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou’ofhowto

managecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’anta

roomthat’sfulloflifeOrareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday____36_____,coloristhekey

tomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthis

important,dnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisions

youneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofusutoaddvisual

interesttoourtiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlesxpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolor

choicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.

requireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofa

space.

Thelargecolordecisioninyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andyou’relookingatwallpaperor

paint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenputintoitare

llofthemareuful

eryou’relookingfor

’reexperimentingwithacolor

olorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

’snotreallyagoodideatoutoomanysmallcolorpieces

ystobesure,becauyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

hoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完型填空(共20小题，每小题分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Duringmycondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga

“free”cour,calledThinkingChess,forthree__41___theideaoftakingtheclassbecau,afterall,who

doesn’twantto__42___afewdollarsMorethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearn,evenifIweren’t__43____

enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__44_____wasappealingenoughtowasaninternational

grandmaster,which__45___Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s___46___,Icouldhardlywaitto

__47__him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__48___wasno

gameforhim:hemeanthisintroduction,hemakeit___49____thatourcreditswouldbeorderto

___50___theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto___51____whatwe

wouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand___52___toourmanagedtogetanAinthat__53__

andlearnedlifelessonsthathavervedmewellbeyondthe___54___.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtouwhathe___55__me:“Theabsolute

mostimportant___56__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegoodeverysinglemoveyou

haveto__58___asituation,processwhatyouropponent

(对手)isdoingand__59___thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thewordsstillringtrue

todayinmy___60___asajournalist.

BCADDCBDCBCACBADBADA

41forwardatoutdown

第二节(共10小题;没小题分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)than

’thavetorunfastlong62(e)thebenefitYoumaydrink,smoke,be

overwhelmingandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveat

lengtheninglife65walking,heauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudy

publishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheart

diaandearlydeathsfromall67(cau)

erwi……it’d

kneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfacesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles,avoidhillsandgetgood

runningischeap,easyandit’salways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalf

thetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.

61longer62toe63dying64is65than

66that/which67caus68strengthen69energetic70it/running

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处

语言错误，每句中最多有两处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词

注：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分

Duringmylastwinterholiday,

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firsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhouwithdogs,ducks,nter

whenIwenthereagain,sohadasmall

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twoyears,butheagreed.

Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwentto∧countrysidewithmyfathertovisitmyfindabig

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foreverytwoyears,butheagreed.

and

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关

习俗，请你回复邮件，内容包括:

1.到达时间;

2.合适的礼物;

3.餐桌礼仪;

注意:

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。