生物实验室英语:常见耗材、仪
器、操作、试剂英文名称
当你进入国外的实验室之前,如果不能熟练掌握实验过程中相关物品
的英文名称及读音,你与同处一室的技术人员之间必将产生强烈的交
流障碍,实验效率也将因此大打折扣。这里我汇总了数篇文章的相关
内容,并结合自己实验室的情况,补充了大量词汇,希望对即将出国
留学的生物学科研人员有所帮助。欢迎大家补充指正。
一.容器与耗材(vesl&consumable
material)
小瓶,vial
量杯,measuringcup
烧杯,beaker
量筒,measuringflask
量筒,measuringcylinderer
坩埚,crucible
坩埚钳,crucibleclamp
试管,testtube
漏斗,funnel
比色皿,cuvette
鱼缸,aquarium
烧瓶,flask
锥形瓶,conicalflask
塞子,stopper/plug
洗瓶,plasticwashbottle
玻璃活塞,stopcock
试剂瓶,reagentbottles
玻棒,glassrod
搅拌棒,stirringrod
容量瓶,volumetricflask/measuringflask
移液管,(one-mark)pipette
吸液管,pipette
滤器,filter
滤纸,filterpaper
培养皿,culturedish
移液枪,pipette
移液枪枪头,pipettetips
剃刀刀片,razorblade
手术刀,scalpel
垃圾袋,disposablebag
垃圾桶,garbagebin
橡皮筋,rubberband
托盘,Tray
铝箔,aluminiumfoil
洗耳球,rubbersuctionbulb
保鲜膜,prervativefilm
研磨钵,mortar
研杵,pestle
小滴管,dropper
蒸馏装置,distillingapparatus
桶,bucket
广口瓶,wide-mouthbottle
离心机转子,rotor
试管架,testtubeholder/rack
酒精灯,alcoholburner
酒精喷灯,blastalcoholburner
搅拌装置,stirringdevice
石蜡封口膜,Parafilm
微量离心管(EP管),Eppendorftube
载玻片,Slide
盖玻片,Coverglass
离心管,Centrifugetube
电泳槽,Geltank
电线,Electricalleads
牙签,Toothpick
螺丝钉,Screw
锁紧螺母,Nut,Capnut
复印纸,Copypaper
复写纸,Carbonpaper
钉,Nail
试管刷,test-tubebrush
计时器,Timer
闹钟,Alarmclock
U形钉,Staple
衣服挂钩,Coathanger
电泳用的梳子,Comb
扳手,Shiftingspanner
订书机,Stapler
订书钉,staple
圆珠笔芯,Refill
灯泡,Globe
记号笔,markerpen
注射器,syringe
注射器活塞,plunger
铁架台,ironsupport
万能夹,extensionclamp
止水夹,flatjawpinchcock
圆形漏斗架,cast-ironring
橡胶管,rubbertubing
药匙,labspoon
镊子,forceps
剪刀,scissor
打孔器,stopperborer
pH试纸,universalphindicatorpaper
称量纸,weighingpaper
擦镜纸,wiperforlens
水银温度计,mercury-filledthermometer
真空泵,vacuumpump
水浴锅,waterbathkettle
口罩,respirator
电极,electrode
阳极/正极,anode
阴极/负极,cathode
丢弃,discard
转移容器,decant
吸出,aspirate
吹吸,blowingandsuction
离心收集,pellet
重悬,resuspend
絮状沉淀,flocculentprecipitate
浑浊的,turbid
烘,bake
灭菌,sterilize
培养,foster
通风,ventilate
冷却,chilldown
稀释,dilute
洗脱,elute
孵育,incubate
裂解物,Lysate
沉淀物,Sediment
上清,Supernatant
色谱,chromatograph
沉淀,precipitate
接种,inoculate
蒸馏,distil/distill
搅拌,Stir/agitate
中和,neutralize
漂洗,rin
脱水,dehydrate
发酵,fermentation
溶解,dissolve
燃烧,combustion
水解,hydrolysis
过滤,filtrate
催化剂,catalyst
研磨,grind
破碎,crush
催化作用,catalysis
分解,dissolution
涡旋震荡,Vortex
电泳,Electrophoresis
抽滤,suctionfiltration
电转化,electrotransformation
收菌,harvest
切碎,chop/mince
灌注,perfusion
浆液,slurry
恒温循环仪,Thermostaticcirculator
空调机,Airconditioner
pH计,pHmeter
磁力搅拌器,magneticstirrer
烘箱,oven
微波炉,microwaveoven
电磁炉,electromagneticoven
凝胶系统,Gelsystem
电子天平,Electronicbalance
转接器,Adapter
离心机,centrifuge
封口设备,Sealingequipment
复印机,Duplicator,copyingmachine
超净工作台,supercleanbench
通风橱,fumecupboard
药柜,Cupboard
电泳电源,Electrophoresispowersupply
紫外灯,Ultravioletillumination
真空泵,Vacuumpump
天平,balance/scale
分析天平,analyticalbalance
台秤,platformbalance
涡旋振荡器,Vortexingmachine
CO2培养箱,CO2Incubators
电子显微镜,ElectroMicroscopy
电泳仪,ElectrophoresisSystem
酶标仪,ELIASA
恒流泵,constantflowpump
解剖镜,anatomicallens
PCR仪,InstrumentforPolymeraChain
Reaction
倒置显微镜,InvertedMicroscope
核磁共振波谱仪,NuclearMagnetic
ResonanceSpectrometer
光学显微镜,OpticalMicroscopy
摇床,Shaker
培养箱,incubator
超滤器,UltrahighPurityFilter
超低温冰箱,Ultra-lowTemperature
Freezer
超声破碎仪,UltrasonicCellDisruptor
紫外观察灯,UltravioletLamp
紫外-可见光分光光度计,UV-Visible
Spectrophotometer
计算器,calculator/numerator
丙氨酸,alanine(Ala,A)
缬氨酸,valine(Val,V)
亮氨酸,leucine(Leu,L)
异亮氨酸,isoleucine(Ile,I)
脯氨酸,proline(Pro,P)
苯丙氨酸,phenylalanine(Phe,F)
色氨酸,tryptophan(Trp,W)
蛋氨酸,methionine(Met,M)
甘氨酸,glycine(Gly,G)
丝氨酸,rine(Ser,S)
苏氨酸,threonine(Thr,T)
半胱氨酸,cysteine(Cys,C)
酪氨酸,tyrosine(Tyr,Y)
天冬氨酸,asparagines(Asn,N)
谷氨酰胺,glutamine(Gln,Q)
赖氨酸,lysine(Lys,K)
精氨酸,arginine(Arg,R)
组氨酸,histidine(His,H)
天冬氨酸,asparticacid(Asp,D)
谷氨酸,glutamicacid(Glu,E)
腺苷,adenosine
鸟嘌呤核苷,guanosine
胞苷,cytidine
胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷,thymidine
尿嘧啶核苷,uridine
脱氧,deoxy-
二甲苯,Xylene
冰乙酸,Aceticacidglacial
硼酸,Boricacid(H3BO3,61.83)
氯化钙,Calciumchloride
巯基乙醇,mercaptoethanol
咪唑,Imidazole
盐酸胍,guanidinehydrochloride
无水乙醇,absoluteethanol
乙酸钠,Sodiumacetate
氯化钠,Sodiumchloride
生理盐水,physiologicalsaline
洗涤剂,detergent
十二烷基磺酸钠,Sodiumdodecylsulphate
盐酸,hydrochloricacid
氢氧化钠,sodiumhydrate/hydroxide
胰蛋白胨,Tryptone
酵母提取物,yeastextract
琼脂,Agar
两性霉素,amphotericin
氨苄,Ampicillin
肝素,heparin
卡那霉素,Kanamycin
醋酸钾,Potassiumacetate
异丙醇,Isopropanol
醋酸铵,Ammoniumacetate
异戊醇,Isoamylalcohol
氯仿,Chloroform
甲醇,methanol
高锰酸钾,potassiumhypermanganate
考马斯亮蓝,Coomassiebrilliantblue
液氮,liquidnitrogen
次氯酸钠,clorox
苯酚,phenol
阴离子,anion
碱性,alkalinity
量杯,measuringcup
烧杯,beaker
不锈钢杯,stainless-steelbeaker
量筒,measuringflask/measuringcylinder
量筒,graduatedflask/measuringcylinder
坩埚,crucible
坩埚钳,crucibleclamp
坩埚,cruciblepot,meltingpot
试管,testtube
试管架,testtubeholder
漏斗,funnel
分液漏斗,paratoryfunnel
烧瓶,flask
锥形瓶,conicalflask
塞子,stopper
洗瓶,plasticwashbottle
滴定管,burette
玻璃活塞,stopcock
冷凝器,condenr
试剂瓶,reagentbottles
玻棒,glassrod
搅拌棒,stirringrod
蒸馏烧瓶,distillingflask
碘量瓶,iodineflask
表面皿,watchglass
蒸发皿,evaporatingdish
容量瓶,volumetricflask/measuringflask
移液管,(one-mark)pipette
刻度移液管,graduatedpipettes
称量瓶,weighingbottle
吸液管,pipette
滤管,filter
天平,balance/scale
分析天平,analyticalbalance
台秤,platformbalance
游码,crossbeamsandslidingweights
酒精灯,alcoholburner
酒精喷灯,blastalcoholburner
搅拌装置,stirringdevice
洗耳球,rubbersuctionbulb
研磨钵,mortar
研磨棒,pestle
玛瑙研钵,agatemortar
瓷器,porcelain
白细口瓶,flintglasssolutionbottlewith
stopper
滴瓶,droppingbottle
小滴管,dropper
蒸馏装置,distillingapparatus
蒸发器,evaporator
试验用器材:
升降台,labjack
铁架台,ironsupport
万能夹,extensionclamp
蝴蝶夹,double-buretclamp
双顶丝,clampregularholder
止水夹,flatjawpinchcock
圆形漏斗架,cast-ironring
移液管架,pipetrack
试管架,tuberack
沸石,boilingstone
橡胶管,rubbertubing
药匙,labspoon
镊子,forceps
坩埚钳,crucibletong
剪刀,scissor
打孔器,stopperborer
石棉网,asbestos-freewiregauze
电炉丝,wirecoilforheater
脱脂棉,absorbentcottonph
ph试纸,universalphindicatorpaper
滤纸,filterpaper
称量纸,weighingpaper
擦镜纸,wiperforlens
秒表,stopwatch
量杯,glassgraduateswithscale
白滴定管(酸),flintglassburettewith
glassstopcock
棕色滴定管(酸),brownglassburettewith
glassstopcock
白滴定管(碱),flintglassburettefor
alkali
棕色滴定管(碱),brownglassburettefor
alkali
比重瓶,specificgravitybottle
水银温度计,mercury-filledthermometer
ph计,phmeter
折光仪,refractometer
真空泵,vacuumpump
冷、热浴,bath
离心机,centrifuge
口罩,respirator
防毒面具,respirator、gasmask
磁力搅拌器,magneticstirrer
电动搅拌器,powerbasicstirrer
烘箱,oven
闪点仪,flashpointtester
马弗炉,furnace
电炉,heater
微波炉电热套,heatingmantle
Bunnburner,本生灯
product,化学反应产物
apparatus,设备
PHindicator,PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)
负指数指示剂
matrass,卵形瓶
litmus,石蕊
litmuspaper,石蕊试纸
burette,滴定管
retort,曲颈甑
still,蒸馏釜
cupel,烤钵
化学反应:
analysis,分解
fractionation,分馏
endothermicreaction,吸热反应
exothermicreaction,放热反应
precipitation,沉淀
toprecipitate,沉淀
todistil,todistill,蒸馏
distillation,蒸馏
tocalcine,煅烧
tooxidize,氧化
alkalinization,碱化
tooxygenate,tooxidize,脱氧,氧化
toneutralize,中和
tohydrogenate,氢化
tohydrate,水合,水化
todehydrate,脱水
fermentation,发酵
solution,溶解
combustion,燃烧
fusion,melting,熔解
alkalinity,碱性
isomerism,isomery,同分异物现象
hydrolysis,水解
electrolysis,电解
electrode,电极
anode,阳极,正极
cathode,阴极,负极
catalyst,催化剂
catalysis,催化作用
oxidization/oxidation,氧化
reducer,还原剂
dissolution,分解
synthesis,合成
reversible,可逆的
仪器中英文对照
AgingPropertyTester,老化性能测定仪
AminoAcidAnalyzer,氨基酸组成分析仪
AnalyzerforClinicMedicine
Concentration,临床药物浓度仪
AtomicAbsorptionSpectroscopy,原子吸收
光谱仪
AtomicEmissionSpectrometer,原子发射光
谱仪
AtomicFluorescenceSpectroscopy,原子荧
光光谱仪
AutomaticTitrator,自动滴定仪
BasicPhysics,基本物理量测定
BiochemicalAnalyzer,生化分析仪
Biochemicalanalysis,生物技术分析
Bio-reactor,生物反应器
Blood-gasAnalyzer,血气分析仪
Centrifuge,离心机
ChemiluminescenceApparatus,化学发光仪
CHNAnalysis,环境成分分析仪
CO2IncubatorsCO2,培养箱
CombustionPropertyTester,燃烧性能测定仪
ConductivityMeter,电导仪
ConstantTemperatureCirculator,恒温循环
泵
DirectCurrentPlasmaEmission
Spectrometer,直流等离子体发射光谱仪
DNASequencersDNA,测序仪
DNAsynthesizerDNA,合成仪
ElectricalPropertyTester,电性能测定仪
ElectroMicroscopy,电子显微镜
ElectrolyticAnalyzer,电解质分析仪
ElectronEnergyDisperSpectroscopy,电
子能谱仪
ElectronParamagnetic
ResonanceSpectrometer,电子顺磁共振波谱仪
Electrophoresis,电泳
ElectrophoresisSystem,电泳仪
ELIASA,酶标仪
EnergyDisperSpectroscopy,能谱仪
Fermenter,发酵罐
FlowAnalyticalandProcess
AnalyticalChemistry,流动分析与过程分析
FractionCollector,部分收集器
FreezeDryingEquipment,冻干机
FT-IRSpectrometer,傅里叶变换红外光谱仪
FT-RamanSpectrometer,傅里叶变换拉曼光谱
仪
GasAnalysis,气体分析
GasChromatograph,气相色谱仪
GC-MS,气相色谱-质谱联用仪
GelPermeationChromatograph,凝胶渗透色谱
仪
HighPressure/PerformanceLiquid
Chromatography,高压/效液相色谱仪
HybridizationOven,分子杂交仪
ICP-MS,ICP-质谱联用仪
InductiveCoupledPlasmaEmission
Spectrometer,电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪
InstrumentforNondestructiveTesting,无
损检测仪
InstrumentforPolymeraChainReaction,
PCR仪
InvertedMicroscope,倒置显微镜
IonChromatograph,离子色谱仪
IsotopeX-RayFluorescenceSpectrometer,
同位素X荧光光谱仪
LC-MS,液相色谱-质谱联用仪
MassSpectrometer,质谱仪
MechanicalPropertyTester,机械性能测定
仪
Metal/materialelementalanalysis,金属/
材料元素分析仪
MetallurgicalMicroscopy,金相显微镜
MicrowaveInductivePlasmaEmission
Spectrometer,微波等离子体光谱仪
NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectrometer,
核磁共振波谱仪
OpticalMicroscopy,光学显微镜
OpticalPropertyTester,光学性能测定仪
Other/Miscellaneous,其他
ParticleSizeAnalyzer,粒度分析仪
PCRAmplifierPCR,仪
Peptidesynthesizer,多肽合成仪
pHMeter,pH计
PhysicalPropertyAnalysis,物性分析
Polarograph,极谱仪
ProteinSequencer,氨基酸测序仪
Rheometer,流变仪
SampleHandling,样品处理
ScanningProbeMicroscopy,扫描探针显微
镜
Sensors,传感器
SequencersandSynthesizersforDNAand
ProteinDNA,及蛋白质的测序和合成仪
Shaker,摇床
SizeExclusionChromatograph,体积排阻色
谱
SurfaceScience,表面科学
SurfaceAnalyzer,表面分析仪
ThermalAnalyzer,热分析仪
ThermalPhysicalPropertyTester,热物理
性能测定仪
UltrahighPurityFilter,超滤器
Ultra-lowTemperatureFreezer,超低温冰箱
UltrasonicCellDisruptor,超声破碎仪
UltravioletDetector,紫外检测仪
UltravioletLamp,紫外观察灯
UrineAnalyzer,尿液分析仪
UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer,紫外-可见光
分光光度计
Viscometer,粘度计
Voltammerter,伏安仪
WaterTestKits,水质分析仪
X-RayFluorescenceSpectrometer,X射线荧
光光谱仪
X-RayDiffractomer,X射线衍射仪
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