entirety

中国医药学：traditionalChine

medicine

中医基础理论:basictheoryof

traditionalChinemedicine

临床经验:clinicalexperience

辨证论治:treatmentbadonsyndrome

differentiation

本草:materiamedica//medicinalherbs

中药Chineherbs

四气五味:fourpropertiesandfive

tastes

针灸acupunctureandmoxibustion

各家学说theoriesofdifferentschools

汗法:diaphoresis/diaphoretictherapy

下法:purgativetherapy

吐法:emetictherapy

补土派:schoolofinvigoratingtheearth

病因学说:theoryofetiology

养生:health-cultivation

医疗实践medicalpractice

治疗原则:therapeuticprinciples

寒凉药物:herbsofcoldandcoolnature

滋阴降火:nourishingyintolowerfire

瘀血致病:diacaudbybloodstasis

先天之精:congenitalesnce

气的运动变化:movementandchangesofqi

形与神俱:inparabilityofthebodyand

spirit

神明:spirit/mentalactivity

脏腑:zang-organsandfu-organs/viscera

功能活动:functionalactivities

形神统一:unityofthebodyandspirit

阴阳失调:imbalanceofyinandyang

正邪相争:strugglebetweenhealthyqi

andpathogenicfactors

治未病preventionofdia

调养tocultivatehealth

正气healthyqi

病邪pathogenicfactor

疾病的防治preventionandtreatmentof

dia

整体观念conceptofholism

五脏fivezang-organs

六腑sixfu-organs

经络系统systemofmeridiansand

collaterals

形神统一unityofthebodyandspirit

有机整体organicwholeness

表里关系exteriorandinteriorrelation

开窍openinginto

生长化收藏fiveelementfunction

脉象pulconditions

正邪关系thestatesofpathogenic

factorsandhealthyqi

自然现象naturalphenomena

哲学概念philosophicalconcept

对立统一unityandopposites

相互消长mutualwaningandwaxing

阴阳属性natureofyinandyang

相互转化mutualtransformation

相互联系interrelation

相互制约mutualrestraint

动态平衡dynamicbalance

阴平阳秘yinandyanginequilibrium

阳消阴长yangwaningandyinwaxing

阴胜则阳病predominanceofyinleading

todisorderofyang

阳胜则热predominanceofyang

generatingheat

寒极生热extremecoldgeneratingheat

热极生寒extremeheatgeneratingcold

相反相成oppositeandsupplementaryto

eachother

生理功能physiologicalfunctions

病理变化pathologicalchanges

临床诊断clinicaldiagnosis

有机整体organicwholeness/entirety

正邪斗争strugglebetweenhealthyqiand

pathogenicfactors

绝对偏盛absolutepredominance

阳虚则寒yangdeficiencyleadingtocold

阳损及阴consumptionofyanginvolving

yin

阴液不足insufficiencyofyin-fluid

病机pathogenesis

五行学说theoryoffiveelements

运动变化motionandvariation

条达舒畅freedevelopment

相生相克mutualgenerationand

restriction

生我我生tobegeneratedandtogenerate

克我我克toberestrictedandtorestrict

生中有制restrictionwithingeneration

克中有生generationwithinrestriction

木曰曲直Woodischaracterizedby

growingfreelyandperipherally

火曰炎上Fireischaracterizedby

flamingup

土曰稼穑Earthischaracterizedby

cultivationandreaping

金曰从革Metalischaracterizedby

change

水曰润下Waterischaracterizedby

moisteninganddownwardflowing

方位配五行correspondenceofthe

directionstothefiveelements

相乘相侮over-restrictionandrever

restriction

土乘木Thewoodover-restrainsthe

earth

土虚木乘Earthdeficiencyleadingto

over-restrictionbywood

金虚木侮metaldeficiencyleadingto

counter-restrictionbywood

生克制化interrelationshipbetween

generationandrestriction

制则生化restrictionensuring

generation

传变transmissionofdia

母病及子diaofthemother-organ

affectingthechild-organ

子病犯母diaofthechild-organ

affectingthemother-organ

肝肾精血不足insufficiencyofkidneyand

liveresnceandblood

肝阳上亢hyperactivityofliveryang

藏象学说theoryofvisceral

manifestations

五脏六腑fivezang-organsandsix

fu-organs

奇恒之府extraordinaryfu-organs

水谷精微cerealnutrients

传化水谷transmissionsand

transformationoffood

贮藏精气storageofesnce

表里关系interiorandexterior

relationship

治疗效应curativeeffect

临床实践clinicalpractice

藏而不泻storagewithoutexcretion

心肝血虚deficiencyofheartandliver

blood

心肝火旺exuberanceofheartandliver

fire

心火亢盛exuberanceofheartfire

滋肾养肝nourishingthekidneyandliver

肝阴不足insufficiencyoftheliveryin

温肾健脾warmingthekidneyand

strengtheningthespleen

肾阳式微declinationofkidneyyang

脾阳不振inactivationofspleenyang

肝旺脾虚hyperactivityoftheliverand

weaknessofthespleen

脾胃虚弱weaknessofthespleenand

stomach

平肝和胃soothingtheliverand

harmonizingthestomach

水湿停聚retentionofwater-dampness

肾阴不足insufficiencyofkidneyyin

心肾不交disharmonybetweentheheart

andkidney

水火不济discordancebetweenwaterand

fire

阴阳俱损simultaneousconsumptionofyin

andyang

阴阳两虚simultaneousdeficiencyofboth

yinandyang

损其有余reducingexcess

补其不足supplementinginsufficiency

阴中求阳obtainingyangfromyin

虚寒证deficiency-coldsyndrome

扶阳益火strengtheningyangto

increasingfire

祛风散寒eliminatingwindtodispersing

cold

消导积滞promotingdigestionand

removingfoodretention

潜阳息风suppressingyangtoquenchwind

阴阳的互根互用interdependenceofyin

andyang

相互依存interdependence

阴阳离决parationofyinandyang

阴阳转化transformationbetweenyinand

yang

发热恶寒feverandaversiontocold

头身疼痛headacheandbodypain

感受湿邪theattackofdampness

清热泄火cleaningawayheatandreducing

fire

腠理muscularinterstices

水湿停滞retentionofwateranddampness

气血运行circulationofqiandblood

疾病的本质与现象:natureand

manifestationsofdia

阴阳的相对平衡:relativebalance

betweenyinandyang

疾病的发生与发展:occurrenceand

developmentofdia

同病异治:treatingthesamediawith

differenttherapies

异病同治:treatingdifferentdias

withthesametherapy

1.中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民

长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。

TCM,amedicalsystemwithahistoryof

thousandsyears，hassummarizedthe

experienceoftheChinepeople

accumulatinginthestruggleagainst

dias.

2.中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影

响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形

成并发展为独特的医学理论体系。

Undertheinfluenceandguidanceof

classicalChinematerialismand

dialectics,traditionChinemedicine

haventuallyevolvedintoamedical

systemwithuniquetheorythroughlong

termmedicalpractice.

3.中医学是研究人体生理病理以及疾病的

诊断和防治的一门科学。

TraditionChinemedicineisascience

focusingonthestudyofthephysiology

andpathologyofthehumanbodyaswell

asthediagnosis,preventionand

treatmentofdia.

4.黄帝内经总结了春秋战国以来的医疗成

就和治疗经验，确立了中医学独特的理论体

系，成为中医药学发展的基础。

TheHuangdi’sCanonofMedicinehas

summedupthemedicalachievementsand

clinicalexperiencessincethe

Spring-AutumnPeriodandWarring

States，establishingtheunique

theoreticalsystemofTCMandlayingthe

foundationforthedevelopmentofTCM

5.难经内容十分丰富，补充了内经的不足，

成为后世指导临床实践的理论基础。

TheCanononMedicalProblemsisrichin

content,supplementingwhatthe

Huangdi’sCanonofMedicinelacksand

rvingasthetheoreticalbasisforthe

clinicalpracticeofthelatter

generations

6.阴常有余，阳常不足。

Yangisfrequentlyinexcesswhileyin

isoftenindeficiency

7.温病是研究四时温病的发生发展规律以

及其诊治方法的一门临床学科。

Epedemicfebrilediaisaclinical

specialtyconcentratingonthestudyof

theoccurrence,developingtendency,

diagnosisandtreatmentoffebrile

diasinthefourasons.

8.中医在其长期的发展过程中，形成了各家

学说Initslongcourofdevelopment,

TCMhasdevelopedintovariousschools

oftheories.

9.内伤脾胃，百病由生。

Theinteriorimpairmentofthespleen

andstomachwouldbringaboutthe

occurrenceofvariousdias.

10.中药不但包含有草药，而且包含有矿物

药和动物药等。

Chinemateriamedicaincludesnotonly

medicinalherbsbutalsomineralsand

animalparts.

1.中医学在其形成过程中受到了古代唯物

论和辩证法思想的深刻影响。

Duringthelongcourofits

developmentandpractice,tradition

Chinemedicinehasbeenunderthe

influenceofclassicalChine

materialismanddialectics.

2.中医学认为，世界是物质的，是阴阳二气

相互作用的结果

TraditionChinemedicineholdsthat

theworldismaterialandistheresult

oftheinteractionofyinandyang

3.天地合气，命之曰人

Theexistenceofhumanbeingsdependson

theinteractionbetweenthecelestialqi

andterrestrialqi

4.中医学认为精气是生命的本原物质，这种

精气先身而生，具有遗传性

AccordingtotraditionChinemedicine,

esnceistheesntialsubstancefor

esntialsubstanceexists

priortotheformationofthebodyand

ishereditary

5.父母之精气相合，形成胚胎发育的原始物

质Thecombinationoftheparental

esnceistheprimarysubstanceforthe

formationoffetus

人体各组织器官共处于统一体中，不论在生

理上还是在病理上都是相互联系相互影响

的Allthetissuesandorgansinthehuman

bodyareinaunitywhichassociatewith

eachotherandinfluenceeachotherboth

physiologicallyandpathologically

疾病是可以认识的，也是可以防治的

Diasarecognizable,preventable

andcurable.

治病必须抓住疾病的根本矛盾，即所谓的治

病必求于本Thetreatmentofdiamust

what

“thetreatmentofdiamust

concentrateontheprincipalaspect

“means

寒者热之，热者寒之，虚者补之，实者泻之

Colddiashouldbetreatedbywarm

therapy,whilefebrilediashouldbe

treatedbycoldtherapy,deficiency

syndromeshouldbetreatedby

supplementingtherapy,whileexcess

syndromeshouldbetreatedbypurgative

therapy

人是自然界的一个组成部分，并与自然界有

着密切的联系

Humanbeingisoneofthecomponentsin

natureandkeepsclorelationshipwith

nature

人的生命活动过程就是人体阴阳对立双方

在不断地矛盾运动中取得统一的过程

Theprocessoflifeactivityisacour

inwhichyinandyanginthehumanbody

realizeunityafterconstant

contradictorymovement

1.中医理论体系的基本特点就是整体观念

和辨证论治TCMischaracterizedbythe

conceptoforganicwholenessand

treatmentbadonsyndrome

differentiation.

2.中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体

TraditionChinemedicineholdsthat

thehumanbodyisanorganicwhole.

3.人体各组成部分在功能上相互为用，在病

理上相互影响Thecomponentsofhuman

bodyfunctionallydependoneachother

andpathologicallyaffecteachother

4.整体观念贯穿于中医生理病理诊法辩证

和治疗的各个方面

Theconceptofholismpermeatesthrough

allthefieldsinTCM,including

physiology,pathology,diagnosis,

syndromedifferentiationandtreatment.

5.人体某一局部区域内的病理变化往往与

全身脏腑气血阴阳的盛衰有关

Thepathologicalchangesincertainpart

orregionofthehumanbodyareusually

relatedtotheconditionsofviscera,qi

andbloodaswellasyinandyanginthe

wholebody

6.人体内部脏腑的虚实气血的盛衰和津液

的盈亏都可呈现于舌Theconditionofthe

viscera,qi,bloodandbodyfluidall

canbemanifestedoverthetongue

7.心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里

Theheartopensintothetongueandis

exteriorlyandinteriorlyrelatedtothe

smallintestine

8.人与天地相应

Thehumanbeingsareincorrespondence

withtheuniver

9.春夏脉多浮大，秋冬脉多沉小

Inthespringandsummer,thepul

appearsfloatingandlarge,whileinthe

autumnandwinter,thepulappears

deepandsmall

10.人体阳气白天多趋于表，夜晚多趋于里

Theyang-qiinthehumanbodytendsto

flowintheexteriorindaytimeandin

theinterioratnight

entbadonsyndrome

differentiationisthebasicprinciple

forunderstandingandtreatingdia

inTCMandalsooneofthebasic

characteristicsofTCM.

meisapathological

summarizationofadiaatacertain

stageofitsdevelopment.

medifferentiationand

diatreatmentaretwoinparable

partsindiagnosingandtreating

dia.

hasizesthedifferentiation

ofbothdiaandsyndromein

understandingandtreatingdia.

1.阴阳是中国古代哲学的一对范畴

Yinandyangaretwocategoriesin

classicalChinephilosophy.

2.阴阳的对立和消长是宇宙的基本规律

Theoppositionandwaning-waxingofyin

andyangarethebasiclawsinthe

univer.

3.阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现

象对立双方的概括

Yinandyangrefertotwoopposite

aspectsofinterrelatedthingsor

phenomenainthenaturalworld.

4.世界是物质性的整体，是阴阳二气对立统

一的结果

Theworldisamaterialintegrityandis

theresultoftheunityofoppositesof

yinandyang.

5.宇宙间一切事物的发生、发展和变化都是

阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果

Theoccurrencedevelopmentandchanges

ofallthingsintheuniverresultfrom

theunityandoppositionbetweenyinand

yang.

6.阴阳代表着相互对立又相互关联的事物

属性Yinandyangreprentthe

propertiesofthingsthatareboth

oppositeandrelatedtoeachother.

7.天气清轻故属阳，地气重着故属阴

Thecelestialislightandlucidandthus

pertainingtoyangwhiletheterrestrial

qiisheavyandlucidandtherefore

pertainingtoyin.

8.阳化气，阴成形

Yangtransformsqiwhileyinshapesinto

configuration.

9.阴阳相互制约的过程就是相互消长的过

程

Theprocessofmutualrestriction

betweenyinandyangsignifiesthe

courofwaningandwaxingbetweenyin

andyang.

10.阳依存于阴，阴依存于阳，每一方都以

其相对的另一方的存在为自己的存在前提

Yinandyangdependoneachother.

Neithercanexistinisolation.

1.人生有形，不离阴阳

Manhasaphysicalshapewhichis

inparablefromyinandyang.

2.对于人体的生理功能，中医学也是用阴阳

学说加以概括说明

TCMexplainsandsummarizesthatthe

physiologicalfunctionsofhumanbody

accordingtothetheoryofyinandyang

3.功能属于阳，物质属于阴Function

pertainstoyangwhilesubstancetoyin.

4.如果阴阳不能相互为用而分离，人的生命

也就终止了Theparationofyinandyang

willleadtotheendoflife

5.阴阳的协调平衡是健康的表现

Thebalanceandharmonyofyinandyang

arethemanifestationsofhealth.

6.无论疾病的病理变化如何复杂，都不外乎

阴阳的偏盛偏衰

Nomatterhowcomplicatedthepathogenic

changesofdiasare,,theyallcan

beincludedinthepredominanceor

declineofyinandyang.

7.邪气泛指各种致病因素

Thepathogenicfactorsrefertovarious

factorsthatbringaboutdia.

8.正气指整个机体的结构与功能，包括人体

对疾病的抵抗力等

Healthyqirefertothestructureand

functionsofthehumanbodyincluding

theresistanceagainstdia.

9.阴虚则内热，阳虚则外寒

Astheniaofyinleadstoheatinthe

interiorwhileastheniaofyangbrings

aboutcoldintheexterior.

10.机体阴或阳的任何一方虚损到一定程

度，必然导致另一方的不足。

Ifastheniaofyinoryanginthebody

developstoacertaindegree,itwill

inevitablyleadstoinsufficiencyofthe

otherside.

木火土金水是不可缺少的五种最基本物质

Woodfireearthmetalandwaterarethe

mostesntialandindispensable

materials.

任何事物都不是孤立的、静止的，而是在不

断的相生相克的运动中维持着协调平衡

Nothingintheworldissolitaryand

everythinginthe

univermaintainsharmonicbalance

throughconstantmutualgenerationand

restriction.

中医理论体系在形成过程中，受到古代五行

学说的深刻影响

ThetheoreticalsystemofTCMhasbeen

undertheinfluenceofclassical

theoriesofthefiveelements.

五行理论主要用以分析各种事物的五行属

性，也是研究事物之间相互联系的基本法则

Thetheoryoffiveelementsismainly

udtoanalyzethepropertiesofthe

fiveelementsofvariousthings

accordingtothefiveelementsandstudy

thebasiclawoftheinter-relation

betweenthings.

水具有滋润和向下的特性

Waterischaracterizedbymoisteningand

downwardflowing.

火具有温热上升的特性

Fireischaracterizedbyflamingupward.

肝主升而归属于木

Sincetheliverfunctionstoascend,it

pertainstowood.

心阳主温煦而归属于火

Sincetheheartyangfunctionstowarm,

itpertainstofire.

脾主运化而归属于土

Sincethespleenfunctionstotransform

andtransport,itpertainstoearth.

肺主降而归属于金

Sincethelungfunctionstodescend,it

pertainstometal.