resisting

一、基本术语

1.铸造：casting,founding,foundry

2.砂型铸造：Sandcastingprocess

3.特种铸造：Specialcastingprocess

4.铸件：casting

5.毛坯铸件：Roughcasting

6.砂型铸件：Sandcasting

7.试制铸件：Pilotcasting

8.铸态铸件：as-castcasting

9.铸型[型]：mold

10.铸造工艺：Castingprocess,foundrytechnology

11.铸造用材料：Foundrymaterials

12.铸造工艺材料：Consumablematerials

13.铸造设备：Foundryequipment,foundryfacilities

14.铸工：Caster,founder,foundryworker

15.铸造工作者：foundryman

16.铸造车间：Foundryshop

17.铸造厂：Foundry

18.铸造分厂：Attachedfoundry,captivefoundry,tiedfoundry

19.铸造三废：Foundryaffluent

20.一批：Abatch

21.一炉：Acast,aheat,amelt

22.铸焊：Castwelding,flowwelding

23.铸锭：ingot

二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注

2.1铸造合金基础术语

1.铸造合金：Castalloy

2.共晶合金系：Eutecticalloysystem

3.共晶合金：Eutecticalloy

4.亚共晶合金：Hypoeutecticalloy

5.过共晶合金：Hypereutecticalloy

6.共晶团：Eutecticcell

7.共晶温度：Eutectictemperature

8.共晶转变：Eutecticreaction,eutectictransformation

9.共晶组织：Eutecticstructure

10.铸造复合材料：Castcomposite

11.定向共晶复合材料：Directionaleutecticcomposite

12.非晶态合金：noncrystallinealloy

13.合金元素：Alloyingelement

14.杂质合金：Trampelement

15.合金遗传性：Alloyheredity

16.铸态组织：As-caststructure

17.铁碳相图：iron-carbonphadiagram

18.碳化物：Carbide

19.渗碳物：cementite

20.碳化物形成元素：Carbideformingelement

21.单铸试块：Separatedtestbarofcasting

22.附铸试块：testlug

23.本体试样：Testspecimenfromcastingitlf

24.过热：Superheating

25.过冷：supercooling,undercooling

26.成分过冷：constitutionalsupercooling

27.过冷度：degreeofundercooling

28.加热相变点[Ac相变点]：Actransformationtemperature

29.冷却相变点[Ar相变点]：Artransformationtemperature

30.结晶：Crystallization

31.形核[成核]：Nucleation

32.均质形核[自发形核]：Homogeneousnucleation

33.非均质形核[非自发形核]：Heterogeneousnucleation

34.动力形核：Dynamicnucleation

35.大冲击形核：Bigbangnucleation

36.形核剂：nucleant

37.形核率：Nucleationrate

38.成长：Growth

39.内生生长：Endogenousgrowth

40.外生生长：Exogenousgrowth

41.共生生长：Coupledgrowth

42.小平面型生长：Facetedgrowth

43.非小平面生长：nonfacetedgrowth

44.晶体生长界面[界面]：Growthinterfaceofcrystal,interface

45.吸气（金属）：Gasabsorption(metal)

2.2铸钢

1.铸钢：Caststeel

2.铸造碳钢：Carboncaststeel

3.铸造合金钢：Alloycaststeel

4.低合金铸钢：Lowalloycaststeel

5.微量合金化铸钢：Micro-alloyingcaststeel,tracealloyingcaststeel

6.铁素体铸钢：ferriticcaststeel

7.奥氏体铸钢：Austeniticcaststeel

8.不锈钢：Stainlesssteel

9.无磁性铸钢：Non-magneticcaststeel

10.高锰钢：Austeniticmanganesteel,highmanganesteel

11.高强度铸钢：Highstrengthcaststeel

12.超高强度铸钢：Ultrahighstrengthcaststeel

13.耐磨铸钢：Wearresistingcaststeel

14.耐热铸钢：Heatresistingcaststeel

15.耐蚀铸钢：Corrosionresistingcaststeel

16.石墨钢：Graphiticsteel

17.铸钢锚链钢：Caststeelforchaincables

2.3铸铁

1.铸铁：Castiron

2.合成铸铁：Syntheticcastiron

3.共晶铸铁：Eutecticcastiron

4.亚共晶铸铁：Hypoeutecticcastiron

5.过共晶铸铁：Hypereutecticcastiron

6.灰铸铁[片墨铸铁]：Flakegraphitecastiron,graycastiron

7.球墨铸铁[球铁]：ductileiron,nodulargraphiteiron,spheroidal

graphitecastiron

8.高韧性球墨铸铁：Highductilitynodulargraphiteiron

9.中锰球墨铸铁：Mediummanganeductileiron

10.中硅球墨铸铁：Mediumsiliconnodulariron

11.可锻铸铁[马铁]：Malleablecastiron

12.白心可锻铸铁：Whiteheartmalleablecastiron

13.黑心可锻铸铁：Blackheartmalleablecastiron

14.花心可锻铸铁：partiallygraphitizedmakkeablecastiron

15.铁素体可锻铸铁：ferriticmalleablecastiron

16.珠光体可锻铸铁：pearliticmalleablecastiron

17.球墨可锻铸铁：spheroidalgraphitemalleablecastiron

18.蠕墨铸铁[蠕铁，紧密石墨铁]：Vermiculargraphitecastiron,compactedgraphite

castiron

19.白口铸铁：Whitecastiron

20.麻口铸铁：Mottledcastiron

21.奥氏体铸铁：Austeniticcastiron

22.贝氏体铸铁：bainiticcastiron

23.贝氏体球墨铸铁：bainiticductilecastiron,austferriticductilecast

iron

24.等温热处理球墨铸铁：austemperedductileiron,ADI

25.贝氏体白口铸铁：bainiticwhitecastiron

26.针状铸铁：Acicularcastiron

27.马氏体铸铁：martensiticcastiron

28.铁素体铸铁：ferriticcastiron

29.珠光体铸铁：pearliticcastiron

30.索氏体铸铁：sorbiticcastiron

31.合金铸铁：Alloycastiron

32.低合金铸铁：Lowalloycastiron

33.铬铸铁：Chromiumcastiron

34.高铬铸铁：Highchromiumcastiron

35.高硅铸铁：Highsiliconcastiron

36.中硅铸铁：Mediumsiliconcastiron

37.高磷铸铁：Highphosphoruscastiron

38.铝铸铁：Aluminumcastiron

39.高铝铸铁：Highaluminumcastiron

40.镍铸铁：Nickelcastiron

41.硼铸铁：Boroncastiron

42.高级铸铁：Highgradecastiron

43.高强度铸铁：Highdutycastiron,highstrengthcastiron

44.工程铸铁：Engineeringcastiron

45.特种铸铁：Specialcastiron

46.抗磨铸铁：Abrasionresistantcastiron

47.冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁]：Chilledcastiron

48.耐磨铸铁：Wearresistingcastiron

49.耐热铸铁：Heatresistingcastiron

50.耐蚀铸铁：Corrosionresistantcastiron

51.耐酸铸铁：Acidresistingcastiron

52.密烘铸铁：Meehanitecastiron

53.孕育铸铁：Inoculatedcastiron

54.总碳量：Totalcarbon

55.碳当量：Carbonequivalent

56.碳当量仪：eutectometer

57.共晶度：Carbonsaturationdegree

58.硅碳比：Silicon-carbonratio

59.锰硫比：mangane-sulphurratio

60.铸铁石墨形态：Graphitemorphologyofcastiron

61.片状石墨[片墨]：Flakegraphite

62.球状石墨[球墨]：Nodulargraphite,spheroidalcarbon

63.絮团状石墨[退火t]：Tempergraphite,annealingcarbon

64.团絮石墨：quasi-spheroidaltempergraphite

65.蠕虫状石墨[蠕墨、紧密石墨]：Compactedgraphite,vermiculargraphite

66.开花状石墨：Explodedgraphite

67.初生石墨：Primarygraphite

68.过冷石墨：undercooledgraphite

69.共晶石墨：Eutecticgraphite

70.共晶碳化物：Eutecticcarbide

71.游离碳：Freecarbon

72.石墨化：graphitizing

73.石墨退火化：graphitizingannealing

74.石墨化度：graphitizinggrade

75.石墨化因子：graphitizingfactor

76.石墨面积率：Percentageofgraphitearea

77.阻碍石墨化元素：hinderedgraphitizingelement

78.墨化剂：graphitizer

79.石墨球化处理[球化处理]：nodularizingtreatmentofgraphite

80.球化率：percentofspheroidization

81.石墨球数[球墨数]：numberofnodulargraphites

82.球化剂：nodulizer,nodulizingalloy,spheroidalagent,

spheroidizer

83.镁焦：magcoke,impregnatedcoke

84.型内球化：in-moldnodularization

85.密容加镁包：aledspheroidizingtreatmentladle

86.干扰元素：Interferenceelement

87.石墨蠕化处理[蠕化处理]：vermiculationofgraphite

88.蠕化剂：vermicularagent

89.蠕化率：percentofvermiculation

90.铸铁净化：Purificationofcastiron

91.三角试块：Wedgetest-piece

2.4铸造有色合金

1.铸造有色合金[铸造非铁合金]：Nonferrouscastalloy

2.铸造铝合金：Castaluminumalloy

3.高强度铸造铝合金：Highstrengthcastaluminumalloy

4.铝硅合金：Aluminum-siliconalloy

5.共晶铝硅合金：Eutecticaluminum-siliconalloy

6.亚共晶铝硅合金：Hypoeutecticaluminum-siliconalloy

7.过共晶铝硅合金：Hypereutecticaluminum-siliconalloy

8.初生硅：Primarysiliconpha

9.共晶硅：Eutecticsiliconpha

10.铝镁合金：Aluminum-magnesiumalloy

11.铝铜合金：Aluminum-copperalloy

12.铝锌合金：Aluminum-zincalloy

13.铝锂合金：Aluminum-lithiumalloy

14.铸造铜合金：Castcopperalloy

15.铸造黄铜：Castbrass

16.硅黄铜：Siliconbrass

17.高强度黄铜：Highstrengthbrass

18.青铜：Bronze

19.锡青铜：Tinbronze

20.铝青铜：Aluminumbronze

21.铅青铜：Leadbronze

22.硅青铜：Siliconbronze

23.铸造铜铬合金[铬青铜]：Castcopper-chromiumalloy

24.高阻尼铜合金：Highdampingcopperalloy

25.螺旋桨用铸造铜合金：Castcopperalloyforpropeller

26.铸造镁合金：Castmagnesiumalloy

27.铸造锌合金：Castzincalloy

28.低熔点合金：Fusiblealloys

29.轴承合金[减摩合金]：antifrictionalalloys,bearingalloys

30.巴氏合金：Babbittmetal,whitemetal

31.钛合金：Titaniumalloy

32.铸造高温合金：castsuperalloy

33.镍基铸造高温合金：nickel-bacastsuperalloy

34.蒙乃尔合金：monelmetal

35.钴基铸造高温合金：cobalt-bacastsuperalloy

36.铁基铸造高温合金：iron-bacastsuperalloy

37.压铸合金：diecastalloy

38.压铸铝合金：aluminiumalloy

39.铸压镁合金：magnesiumdiecastalloy

40.压铸铜合金：copperdiecastalloy

41.压铸锌合金：zincdiecastalloy

42.锌当量：Zincequivalent

2.5熔炼基本术语

1.熔炼：Smelting

2.熔化率：Meltingrate

3.熔炼损耗[熔损、烧损]：Totalmeltingloss

4.挥发损耗：Volatilizingloss

5.元素烧损：Meltingofalloyingelement

6.元素增加：Gainofelement

7.熔池：Bath

8.溶剂：Flux

9.除气剂：Degassingflux

10.覆盖剂：Coveringflux

11.炉料：Charge

12.金属炉料：Metalliccharge

13.中间合金[母合金]：Masteralloy

14.回炉料：Foundryreturns

15.废金属料：Scrap

16.炉料计算[配料]：Chargecalculation

17.熔渣[炉渣]：Slag

18.沉渣：Sludge

19.浮渣：Cinder,dross,scum

20.碱性渣：Basicslag

21.酸性渣：Acidslag

22.造渣：Slagforming

23.出渣：deslagging

24.出渣口：Slaghole,slagnotch

25.炉衬：Furnacelining

26.碱性炉衬：Basiclining

27.酸性炉衬：Acidlining

28.耐火粘土：Fireclay

29.碱度[碱性指数]：indexofbasicity

30.补炉：Patching

31.炉龄[炉衬寿命]：Furnacecampaign

32.开炉：Blowingin,poweron

33.炉内气氛：Furnaceatmosphere

34.炉气分析：Fluegasanalysis

35.控制气氛：Controlledatmosphere

36.炉前分析：On-the-spotsampleanalysis

37.出炉口：Taphole

38.出炉温度：Tappingtemperature

39.重熔：remelting

40.真空自耗电弧重熔：Consumableelectrodevacuumarcrefining

41.喷射冶金：Injectionmetallurgy

42.区域熔炼：Zonemelting

43.悬浮熔炼：Levitationmelting,suspensionmelting

44.真空熔炼：Vacuummelting

45.坩埚炉：Cruciblefurnace

46.坩埚：Crucible,pot

47.保温炉：Holdingfurnace

48.反射炉：reverberatoryfurnace

49.感应电炉：Electricinductionfurnace

50.凝壳炉：Skullfurnace

51.增碳：recarburizing

2.6铸钢熔炼

1.铸钢熔炼：Smeltingofsteel

2.不氧化熔炼法：Deadmelting

3.氧化熔炼法：Oxidizingmelting

4.氧化期[沸腾期]：Oxidizingstage,boilstage

5.氧化气氛：Oxidizingatmosphere

6.氧化渣：Oxidizingslag

7.还原期：Blockingstage,deoxidizingstag

8.还原气氛：Reducingatmosphere

9.还原渣：Reducingslag

10.白渣：Whiteslag

11.电弧炉：Electricarcfurnace,directelectricarcfurnace

12碱性电弧炉：Basicelectricarcfurnace

13.酸性电弧炉：Acidelectricarcfurnace

14.电渣熔炼：Electro-slagmelting

15.电渣炉：Electro-slagfurnace

16.氩氧脱碳法[AOD法]：AODprocess,Argon-OxygenDecarburization

process

17.脱碳：decarburization

18.脱氧：deoxidation

19.脱氧剂：deoxidizer

20.脱磷：dephosphorization

21.脱硫desulphurization

22.脱硫剂desulphurizer

2.7铸铁熔炼

1.铸铁熔炼：smeltingofcastiron

2.双联熔炼：duplexingsmelting

3.冲天炉：cupola

4.大间距双排风口冲天炉：spacioustwin-tuyerescupola,

Twin-windblastsystemcupola

5.多排小风口冲天炉：multiplerowsmalltuyerescupola

6.卡腰冲天炉：Waistshapedcupola

7.热风冲天炉：hotblastcupola

8.水冷冲天炉：water-cooledcupola

9.水冷热风无炉衬冲天炉：hotblastlininglesscupolawithwatercooling

10.无焦冲天炉：cokelesscupola

11.碱性冲天炉：basiccupola

12.酸性冲天炉：acidcupola

13.生铁：pigiron

14.铸造生铁：foundrypigiron

15.焦炭：coke

16.铸造焦炭[铸造焦]：foundrycoke

17.固定碳：fixedcarbon

18.铁焦比[焦比]：ironcokeratio

19.底焦：cokebed

20.层焦：cokesplit

21.隔焦：extrasplit

22.接力焦：buffercokecharge

23.铁合金：ferro-alloy

24.有效高度：effectiveheight

25.炉缸：cupolawell

26.前炉：forehearth

27密筋炉胆：ribbedpreheatingjacket

28.出铁槽：cupolaspout

29.熔化带：meltingzone

30.风带：airbelt,airbox,windbox

31.风口：tuyere

32.风口比：tuyereratio

33.炉壁效应：cupolawalleffect

34.冲天炉特性曲线：cupolaoperationchart

35.冲天炉炉前控制：frontcontrolofmoltenironofcupola,

inspectioninfrontofcupola

36.冲天炉检控仪：testerandcontrollerforcupolamelting

37.熔化密度：meltingintensity

38.风量：blastvolume

39.送风速度：blastintensity

40.送风压力：blastpressure

41.富氧送风：oxygenenrichedblast

42.脱湿送风：dehumidificationblast

43.预热送风：hotblast

44.送风预热器：blastpreheater

45.火花捕集器：sparkarrestor

46.冲天炉加料机：cupolachargingmachine

47.爬式加料机：skiphoist

48.冲天炉自动加料机：automaticcupolachargingequipment

49.电磁盘：electromagneticchuck

50.电磁配铁秤：electromagneticweighingbalancer

51.吸碳：carbonpick-up

52.棚料[搭棚]：bridging

53.封炉：bankingthecupola

54.打炉：cupoladrop

55.碎铁机：breaker

2.8金属液处理

1.精炼：refining

2.真空精炼：vacuumrefining

3.炉外精炼：ladlerefining

4.精炼溶剂[精炼剂]：refiningflux

5.除气[起气]：degassing

6.真空除气：vacuumdegassing

7.吹气净化：blowpurifying

8.多孔塞法：porousplugprocess

9.变质：modification

10.变质剂：modificationagent,modificator

11.磷变质：phosphorusmodification

12.钠变质：sodiummodification

13.长效变质剂：permanentmodificator

14.型内变质：in-moldmodification

15.孕育：inoculation

16.瞬时孕育[后孕育]：instantaneousinoculation,

latestageinoculation,postinculation

17.随流孕育：metal-streaminoculation

18.型内孕育：in-moldinoculation

19.浇口盆孕育：pouringbasininoculation

20.孕育剂：inoculant,inoculatingagent

21.孕育期：inoculationperiod

22.孕育衰退：inoculationfading

23.孕育不良：abnormalinoculation,under-inoculation

24.合金化处理：alloyingtreatment

25.喂线法[喂丝法]：CQprocess,wirefeedingprocess,

wireinjectionprocess

26.摇包：shakingladle

27.电磁搅拌：electromagneticagitation

28.静置：holding,stewing

29.扒渣：slagging-off

30.型内过滤：in-moldfiltering

31.型内合金化：in-moldalloying

32.晶粒细化：grainrefinement

33.晶粒细化剂：grainrefiner

2.9浇注

1.浇注：pouring

2.保护气氛浇注：pouringundercontrolledatmosphere

3.真空浇注：vacuumpouring

4.自动浇注装置：automaticpouringdevice

5.自动浇注机：automaticpouringmachine

6.电磁浇注机：electromagneticpouringmachine

7.捣冒口：churning,pumping

8.点冒口[补注]：hottoppingup,teeming

9.浇包：ladle

10.底浇包：bottompouringladle

11.转运包：transferladle

12.金属残液：heel

13.冷金属：coldmetal

14.压铁：weight

三、造型材料

3.1基本术语

1.造型材料：moldingmaterial

2.铸造用砂[砂]：foundrysand,sand

3.原砂[新砂]：basand,newsand,rawsand

4.旧砂：udsand

5.回用砂：reconditionedsand

6.再生砂：reclaimedsand]

7.枯砂[焦砂]：burnedsand]

8.热砂：hotsand

9.废砂：wastesand

3.2原砂

1.标准砂：standardsand

2.硅砂[石英砂]：silicasand

3.刚玉砂：aluminasand

4.镁砂：magnesitesand

5.锆砂：zirconsand

6.镁橄榄石砂[橄榄石砂]：fosteritesand,olivinesand

7.铬铁矿砂：chromitesand

8.煤矸石砂：coalganguesand

9.熟料砂：chamottesand

10.炭粒砂：carbonsand

11.石灰石砂：limestonesand

12.天然砂：naturalsand

13.人工砂[人造砂]：artificialsand

14.水洗砂：washed-outsand

15.擦洗砂：scrubbedsand

16.浮选砂[精选砂]：floatedsand

17.松散密度[砂型]：aerateddensity,riddledsand

18.原砂细度[AFS平均细度]：AFSfinenessnumber,

finenessnumber,

grainfinenessnumber

19.原砂细度[原砂颗粒尺寸]：particlesizeofbasand

20.原砂颗粒分布：grainsizedistributionofbasand

21.原砂角形因数[原砂角形系数，原砂粒形系数]：angularityofbasand

22.原砂颗粒形状：grainshapeofbasand

3.3粘结剂

1.粘结剂：binder

2.无机粘结剂：inorganicbinder

3.粘土：clay

4.高岭土：kaolin

5.膨润土：bentonite

6.钠基膨润土：sodiumbentonite

7.钙基膨润土：calciumbentonite

8.活化膨润土：activatedbentonite

9.有机膨润土：organicbentonite

10.有效粘土：effectiveclay

11.活粘土：activeclay

12.枯粘土（死粘土）：burnedclay

13.白泥：whiteclay

14.水玻璃粘结剂：sodiumsilicatebinder,waterglassbinder

15.水玻璃波美浓度：Be’concentrationofwaterglass

16.水玻璃模数：sodiumsilicatemodulus

17.有机粘结剂：organicbinder

18.纸浆废液[纸浆残液，亚硫酸盐纸浆废液]：ligninliquor

19.油类粘结剂：oilbadbinder

20.干性油：dryingoil

21.合脂粘结剂：syntheticfatbinder

22.渣油粘结剂：residualoilbinder

23.自硬粘结剂[冷硬粘结剂]：coldttingbinder,nobakebinder

lf-hardeningbinder

24.树脂粘结剂：resinbinder

25.热固性树脂粘结剂：thermottingresinbinder

26.热塑性树脂粘结剂：thermoplasticresinbinder

27.铸造用树脂：foundryresin

28.自硬树脂系[非烘树脂系]：no-bakeresinsystem,

lf-hardeningresinsystem

29.气硬树脂系：gascuredresinsystem

30.热硬树脂系：hothardeningresinsystem

31.呋喃树脂：furanresin

32.酚醛树脂：phenol-formaldehyde(PF)resin

33.碱性酚醛树脂：alkalinephenolicresin

34.糖醇：furfuryl-alcohol

35.游离甲醛含量：freeformaldehydecontent

36.游离苯醛含量：freephenolcontent

37.粘结效率：bondingefficiency

3.4辅助材料

1.型砂附加物：sandaddlitives

2.煤粉：acoal

3.煤粉代用品：acoalsubstitutes

4.铸型涂料：dressingmoldcoating,paint

5.砂型涂料：sandcoating

6.模样涂料：patternpaint

7.水基涂料：water-bamoldcoating

8.非水基涂料：non-aqueouscoating,non-aqueouspaint

9.自于涂料：lf-dryingdressing

10.摊开系数[铺展系数]：spreadingcoefficient

11.触变性：thixotropy

12.悬浮剂：suspendingagent

13.分型剂：partingagent

14.脱模剂：strippingagent

15.固化剂[硬化剂]：hardener

16.有机酯：organicester

17.溃散剂：break-downaccelerator,break-downagent

18.发热剂：exothermicmixture

19.冒口覆盖剂：rircover

20.补芯膏：coremud

4.5型砂和芯砂

1.型砂[造型混合料]：moldingmixture,moldingsand

2.芯砂：coresand

3.合成砂：syntheticsand

4.粘土砂：clay-bondedsand

5.天然型砂[天然粘土砂]：naturalmoldingsand,

naturallyclay-bondedsand

6.红砂：redsand

7.面砂：facingsand

8.背砂[填充砂]：backingsand

9.单一砂：unitsand

10.调匀砂：tempersand

11.湿型砂：greenmoldingsand,greensand

12.煤粉：blacksand

13.烂泥砂[嘛泥]：loam

14.油砂：oil-bondedsand

15.合脂砂：syntheticfattyacidbondedsand

16.石墨型砂：graphitemoldsand

17.化学硬化砂：chemicalhardeningsand

18.自硬砂：lf-hardeningsand,no-bakesand

19.水泥砂：cementsand

20.水玻璃砂：sodiumsilicate-bondedsand

21.酯硬水玻璃砂：estercuredsodiumsilicatesand,

sodiumsilicate-esterno-bakesand

22.树脂自硬砂：no-bakeresinsand,

lf-hardeningresinsand

23.呋喃树脂自硬砂：no-bakefuranresinsand

24.酚醛尿烷树脂自硬砂：pep-tno-bakesand,

phenolicresinno-bakesand

25.酯固化碱性酚醛树脂自硬砂：estercuredalkalinephenolic

resinno-bakesand

26.磷酸盐自硬砂：phosphateno-bakesand

27.流态砂：castablesand,fluidsand

28.气硬砂[冷芯盒砂]：coldboxsand,gashardeningsand

29.热硬树脂砂：hothardeningresinsand

30.覆膜砂：precoatedsand,resincoatedsand

31.壳型（芯）树脂砂：shellmold(core)resinsand

32.热芯盒砂：hotboxsand

33.结球（型砂）：agglomeration(moldingsand)

3.6型砂性能及试验

1.型砂试验：sandtesting

2.原砂试验：basandtesting

3.型砂试样：sandspecimen

4.型砂膨胀试验：sandexpansiontesting

5.型砂高温试验：elevatedtemperaturetestingofsands

6.差热分析：differentialthermalanalysis

7.型砂试验仪：sandtester

8.铸造用标准筛：standardsievesforfoundry

9.筛析：screenanalysis

10.沉降分选：decantation,elutriation

11.型砂强度：sandstrength

12.湿强度：greenstrength

13.干强度：drystrength

14.热强度：hotstrength

15.热湿拉强度：hotwettensilestrength

16.风干强度：airdriedstrength

17.型砂韧度：toughness

18.破碎指数：shatterindex

19.起模性：liftability

20.表面安定性：surfacestabilityindex(SSI)

21.残留强度：retainedstrength

22.溃散性：collapsibility

23.落砂性：knockoutcapability

24.砂型（芯）硬度：moldhardness

25.紧实度：degreeoframming

26.紧实率：compactability

27.舂实性：rammability

28.流动性（砂）：flowability(sand)

29.成型性：moldability

30.孔隙率：porosity

31.透气孔：permeability

32.发气量[发气性]：gavolution

33.发气率[发气速度]：gavolutionrate

34.退让性[容让性]：deformabilityrate

35.热变形[型砂]：hotdeformation(moldsand)

36.吸湿性：moistureabsorption

37.粘模性：stickiness

38.保存性（型砂）：prervability(moldsand)

39.可使用时间：benchlife,workingtime

40.型砂耐火度：refractorinessofmoldingsand

41.微粉含量：micro-grainscontent

42.含泥量：claycontent

43.含水量[水分]：moisturecontent

44.型砂酸碱度值[型砂pH值]：pHvalueofsand

45.酸耗值：aciddemandvalue

46.灼烧减量[灼减]：lossonignition

47.型砂缺陷倾向：defecttendencyofmoldingsand

48.胶质价：colloidindex

49.膨润值：swellingvalue

50.膨胀指数：swellingindex

51.吸蓝量试验：methylenebluevaluetest

52.有效膨润土量：effectivebentonitecontent

53.耐用性[复用性]：durability

54.涂刷性：brushability

55.覆膜砂熔点：meltingpointofprecoatedsand

四、铸造工艺设计及工艺装备

4.1基本术语

1.铸造性能：castability

2.流动性(金属)：fluidity(metal)

3.充型能力：mold-follingcapacity

4.充型流速[浇注]：deliveryrate,pouringrate

5.充型时间：fillingtime

6.浇注温度：pouringtemperature

7.比浇注速度：specificpouringrate

8.浇注时间：pouringtime

9.平衡分配系数：equilibriumdistribution,

equilibriumpartitionratio

10.凝固：solidification

11.凝固温度范围：solidificationrange

12.凝固时间：solidificationtime

13.均衡凝固：proportionalsolidification

14.同时凝固：simultaneoussolidification

15.顺序凝固[方向凝固]：directionalsolidification

16.无溶质再分配凝固[无偏析凝固]：partitionlesssolidification,

gregationlesssolidification

17.收缩：contraction

18.液态收缩：liquidcontraction

19.凝固收缩：solidificationcontraction

20.固态收缩：solidcontraction

21.液-固收缩：liquid-solidcontraction

22.自由收缩：freecontraction

23.受阻收缩：hinderedcontraction

24.收缩余量：shrinkageallowance

25.缩前膨胀[共晶石墨化膨胀]：eutecticgraphitizingexpansion

26.收缩应力：contractionstress

27.热应力：thermalstress

28.相变应力：phachangestress,

transformationstress

29.铸造应力：castingstress

30.残留应力[残余应力]：residualstress

31.合金线收缩率[自由线收缩率]：alloylinearcontraction,

freelinearcontractioncoefficient

32.铸件线收缩率：castinglinearcontractioncoefficient,

castinglinearshirinkagecoefficient

33.热裂倾向性：tendencytohottearing

4.2铸件工艺设计

1.铸造工艺设计：castingprocessdesign

2.铸造工艺计算机辅助设计[铸造工艺CAD]：computer-aideddesignofthecasting

process,castingprocessCAD

3.实体造型：constructivesoildgeometry,

solidmodeling

4.充型分析：moldfillinganalysis

5.铸造工艺装备设计：foundrytoolsdesign

6.铸造工艺图：foundrymoldingdrawing

7.铸造工艺卡：foundryprocesscard

8.铸型装配图：moldasmblydrawing

9.铸件图[毛坯图]：moldasmblyroughcasting

10.铸造工艺设备：preparationforcastingtechnique

11.铸件设计：castingdesign

12.铸件基准面：referencefaceformachiningofcasting

13.铸合结构：castfabricatedconstructure

14.分型面：moldjoint,moldparting,partingface

15.不平分型面：irregularjoint,irregularparting,

matchparting

16.阶梯分型面：steppedjoint,steppedparting

17.过渡角：transitionangle

18.分型负数：jointallowance,partingallowance

19.浇注位置：pouringposition

20.工艺补正量：designmodification,moldingallowance

21.吃砂量：moldthickness

22.补贴：pad

23.交接壁：interction

24.十字交接[Ⅹ形交接]：x-junction

25.内圆角[圆角]：fillet

26.热节：hotspot

27.铸筋[铸肋]：ribs

28.加强筋[加强肋]：stiffeningribs

29.冷铁：denner,chill

30.外冷铁：surfacedenner

31.内冷铁：internaldenner

32.暗冷铁：coatedchill,indirectchill

33.强制冷却：forcedcooling

34.起模斜度：patterndraft

35.上型[上箱]：cope,toppart

36.下型[下箱]：bottompart,drag

37.型冷时间：moldcoolingtime

38.型腔：moldcavity

39.造型余量：moldingallowance

40.砂芯设计：sandcoredesign

41.芯头：coreprint

42.芯头间隙：coreprintclearance

43.芯头斜度：coretaper

44.芯座：coreat

45.定位芯头：locatingprint

46.加大芯头：enlargedcoreprint,

strengthenedcoreprint

47.工艺孔：technologicalhole

48.铸件凝固数值模拟：numericalsimulationofcastingsolidification

49.前处理：pre-processing

50.潜热处理：latentheattreatment

51.网格剖分：enmeshment,meshgeneration

4.3浇冒口系统

1.浇注系统：gatingsystem,runningsystem

2.浇注系统设计：designofgatingsystem

3.浇道比：gatingratio

4.封闭式浇注系统：chokedrunningsystem,pressurizedgating

system

5.半封闭式浇注系统：enlargedrunnersystem

6.开放式浇注系统：non-pressurizedgatingsystem,

unchokedrunningsystem

7.阶梯式浇注系统：stepgatingsystem

8.缝隙式浇注系统：slotgatesystem

9.离心集渣浇注系统：whirlgatedirttrapsystem

10.阻流浇注系统：chokedrunnersystem

11.冒口浇注系统：feederheadgating,rirgating

12.顶注式浇注系统：topgatingsystem

13.雨淋式浇注系统：showergatesystem

14.底注式浇注系统：bottomgatingsystem

15.中注式浇注系统：parting-linegatingsystem

16.垂直浇注系统：verticalgatesystem

17.等流量浇注系统：equal-volumepressurizedsystem,

flow-rateequalizedgating

18.阻流截面：chokedarea

19.大孔出流：largeorificedischarge

20.浇口盆[外浇口]：pouringbasin

21.浇口塞：blanking-offplug

22.浇口杯：pouringcup

23.直浇道：sprue

24.直浇道窝：sprueba

25.横浇道：runner

26.集渣横浇道：skimrunner

27.集渣装置（浇注系统）：dirttraps(ingatingsystem)

28.反应室（浇注系统）：reactionchamber(ingatingsystem)

29.内浇道：ingate

30.压边浇口：liprunner,kissrunner

31.牛角浇口：horngate

32.挡渣片：bafflecore

33.过滤片[过滤网]：filterscreen,strainercore

34.冒口：rir,feederhead

35.明冒口：openrir

36.暗冒口：blindrir

37.侧冒口：siderir

38.热冒口：hotrir,hottop

39.保温冒口：insulatingrir

40.发热冒口：exothermicrir

41.电热冒口：electricarcfeed

42.压力冒口：pressurerir

43.发气压力冒口：gas-deliveredpressurerir

44.大气压力冒口：atmosphericrir

45.易割冒口：knock-offhead

46.离心集渣冒口：whirl-gaterir

47.冷冒口：coldrir

48.出气冒口[出气口]：flowoff,pop,rirvent,whistler

49.冒口设计：rirdesign

50.内接圆法：inscribedcirclemethod

51.模数计算法（冒口）：modulicalculationmethod

52.周界商：perimetrischenquotient

53.冒口效率：rirefficiency

54.补缩：feeding

55.有效补缩距离：effectivefeedingdistance,

feedingzone

56.补缩通道：feedingchannel

57.反补缩：inverfeeding

58.冒口根：rirpad

59.冒口颈：rirneck

60.冒口圈：feederbush,rirbush

61.冒口套：heatinsulatingfeedersleeve

62.冒口窝：rirba

63.冒口高度：rirheight

64.易割片：knockoffcore,washburncore

4.4铸造工艺设备

1.铸造工艺设备：foundrytoolquipment

2.模板：patternplate

3.组合模板：compositepatternplate

4.双面模板：matchplate

5.单面模板：singlefacepatternplate

6.模板图：patternplatedrawing

7.模板设计：patternplatedesign

8.缩尺[模样工放尺]：pattern-maker＇srule,

shrinkagerule

9.放样[伸图]：hotdimensionaldrawing,layout

10.模底板：patternmountingplate

11.模样[铸模、模]：pattern

12.祖模：grandmasterpattern

13.母模：masterpattern

14.金属模：metalpattern

15.木模：woodenpattern

16.石膏模：plasterpattern

17.塑料模：plasticpattern

18.骨架模：skeletonpattern

19.单位模：loopattern

20.整体模：one-piecepattern,solidpattern

21.分块模[分开模]：loopattern,splitpattern

22.分模面：partingline

23.模样分级：patternclassification

24.活块：loopiece

25.砂箱：flask,moldingbox

26.组合砂箱：builtupmoldingbox

27.砂箱设计：flaskdesign

28.套箱：moldjacket

29.套销：hollowpin,stubpin

30.箱带[箱挡]：crossbar,flaskbar

31.芯盒：corebox

32.芯盒设计：coreboxdesign

33.芯盒图：coreboxdrawing

34.对开芯盒：halfcorebox

35.脱落式芯盒：troughedcorebox

36.分盒面：partingofcorebox

五、砂型铸造

5.1砂处理

1.型砂制备[砂处理]：sandpreparation

2.型砂质量控制：sandqualitycontrol

3.型砂水分控制设备：automaticmoisturecontrollerofsand

4.旧砂处理：sandreconditioning

5.旧砂再生：sandreclamation

6.旧砂热法再生：thermalreclamationofudsand

7.旧砂湿法再生：wetreclamationofudsand

8.旧砂干法再生：dryreclamationofudsand

9.旧砂回用率：reusablerateofudsand

10.砂冷却：sandcooling

11.热砂冷却装置：hotsandcooler

12.砂温调节器：sandtemperaturemodulator

13.冷却提升机：coolelevator,coolingelevator

14.热气流烘砂装置：hotpneumatictubedrier

15.沸腾床：fluidizedbed

16.滚筒筛：rotaryscreen,drumscreen

17.磁力滚筒：magneticparator

18.滚筒破碎筛：drumbreakingscreen

19.筛砂机：riddle

20.原砂擦洗机：sandscrubber

21.轮碾机：roller

22.配砂：formulationofsandmixture

23.预混：premixing

24.混砂：sandmixing,sandmulling

25.混砂机：sandmixer,sandmuller

26.连续混砂机：continuoussandmixer

27.碗形混砂机：cup-typesandmixer

28.树脂自硬砂混砂机：no-bakeresinsandmixer

29.松砂：aeration,sand-cutting

30.松砂机：aerator,sandcutter

31.回性[调匀]（型砂）：homogenizationofsand,

temperofmoldingsand

32.除尘器：dustcatcher,dustcollector

5.2造型

1.造型：molding

2.有箱造型：flaskmolding

3.无箱造型：flasklessmolding

4.手工造型：handmolding

5.机器造型：machinemolding

6.地坑造型：pitmolding

7.地面造型：floormolding

8.叠箱造型：stackmolding

9.多箱造型：multiple-partmolding

10.两箱造型：two-partmolding

11.假箱造型：oddsidemolding

12.劈箱造型：splitboxmolding

13.脱箱造型：removableflaskmolding

14.刮板造型：sweepmolding

15.抛砂造型：impellerramming,

sandslingingmolding

16.漏模造型：strippingplatemolding

17.模板造型：patternplatemolding

18.实物造型：machinepartreproducedmolding

19.组芯造型：coreasmblymolding

20.微振压实造型：vibratorysqueezingmolding

21.高压造型：highpressuremolding

22.射压造型：injectionandsqueezemolding

23.负压造型[真空密封造型，V法造型]：vacuummolding

24.气冲造型：airimpactmolding

25.静压造型：air-flowpressmolding,

staticpressuremolding

26.切削造型法：moldingwithmolding

27.自硬砂造型：lf-curingsandmolding,

lf-hardeningsandmolding

28.流态砂造型：fluidsandmolding

29.造型机：moldingmachine

30.造型线：moldingline

31.高压造型机：highpressuremoldingmachine

32.多触头高压造型机：equalizingpistonsqueezer

33.震实造型机：joltmoldingmachine

34.震压造型机：jolt-squeezemachine

35.微振压实造型机：shocklessjoltsqueezemoldingmachine,

vibratorysqueezer

36.压实造型机：squeezingmoldingmachine

37.射压造型机：shootingandsqueezingmoldingmachine

38.气冲造型机：airimpactmoldingmachine

39.水平分型脱箱造型机：horizontalpartingflasklessmolding

machine

40.多工位造型机：multiplestationmoldingmachine

41.抛砂机：sandslinger

42.震击台[震实台]：bumper

43.振动台：vibratingtable

44.填砂：mold-filling

45.辅助框[填砂框]：prefiller

46.紧实[紧砂]：compacting

47.震实：joltcompacting

48.压实：squeezingcompacting

49.高密度紧实法：highdensitycompaction

50.舂砂：ramming

51.预紧实：precompact

52.砂床：sandbed

53.铸坑：castingpit

54.吊砂：cod

55.塞砂：tucking

56.造型工具：handtoolsofmolding

57.修型：patching

58.修型工具：mendingtools

59.砂舂：sandrammer

60.镘勺[镘刀]：trowel

61.提钩：cleaner

62.砂钩：lifter

63.通气针：ventwire

64.刷水：swabbing

65.水笔：swab

66.起模：stripping

67.起模机：drawing

68.起模时间：strippingtime

69.漏模：patternstripping

70.敲模：rapping

71.刮砂：strike-off

72.合型[合箱]（砂型铸造）：moldasmbling,closing(sandmolding)

73.合箱标志：asmblymark

74.骑缝标记：tallymark

75.封箱条[封箱泥条、封泥]：crushstrip,lute,

moldal

76.验型：trialclosing

77.脱箱：snapflask

78.砂型：sandmold

79.诗砂型[湿型]：greensandmold

80.干砂型[干型]：drydriedmold

81.表面烘干型：skindriedmold

82.烂泥砂型：loammold

83.砂型烘干：molddrying

84.烘干炉：oven,stove

85.返潮：moistureregain

86.未烘干：underbaking

87.水分凝聚区：watercondensationzone

88.砂铁比：sandmetalratio

89.施涂料：coating

90.高压无气喷涂：high-pressureairlessspraying

5.3制芯

1.制芯[造芯]：coremaking

2.冷芯盒法：coldboxprocess

3.二氧化硫冷芯盒法：SO2coldboxprocess

4.酚醛-酯冷芯盒法[β冷芯盒法]：phenolicestercoldboxprocess,

β-tprocess

5.三乙胺冷芯盒法：phenolurethanelaminecoldboxprocess,

Isocure

6.聚丙烯酸酯树脂CO2冷芯盒法：polyacrylateresin-CO2process

7.氧负离子硬化冷芯盒法：Ecolotecprocess

8.二氧化碳法：CO2process

9.真空置换硬化法[VAH法]：vacuumreplacementhardening,

VRHprocess

10.热芯盒法：hotboxprocess

11.温芯盒法：warmboxprocess

12.二氧化碳热硬树脂砂制芯：CO2-gasdheat-activatedresinbinder

process

13.制芯机[造薪机]：coremakingmachine

14.挤芯机：coreextruder

15.射芯机：coreshooter

16.型芯[芯、芯子]：core

17.砂芯：sandcore

18.油砂芯：oilsandcore

19.透气砂芯：pencilcore

20.预置芯：embededcore,ramupcore

21.分开芯：splitcore

22.吊芯：hangingcore

23.芯撑[型芯撑]：chaplet

24.芯骨：corerod,corescab

25.砂芯胶合剂：coreadhesive

26.砂芯磨量：corejointfinishingallowance

27.砂芯预装：corepreasmbly,coresubasmbly

28.砂芯分级：classificationofintricacyofcores

29.硬化[固化]：curing,hardening,tting

30.砂芯硬化：corehardening

31.硬化时间：curingtime

32.硬化温度：curingtemperature

33.排气道[出气孔]：vent,ventingchannel

34.通气蜡线[通气绳]：ventwax

35.过吹：overgassing

36.烘芯：corebaking

37.烘芯机：coredryingplate

38.立式烘炉：towerstove

39.过烘：overbaking

40.磨芯机：coregrinder

41.下芯：coretting

42.下芯夹具[型芯夹具]：corejig

43.下芯量具：corettingscale

44.脱芯：strippingofcore

45.取芯机构：core-strippingmechanism

5.4铸造车间运输设备

1.铸造车间运输设备：foundrytransportationequipment

2.铸型运输机：moldconveyer

3.振动运输机：vibratingconveyer

4.气力运输装置：pneumatictubeconveyor

5.螺旋运输机：screwconveyer

6.斗式提升机：bucketelevator,elevator

5.5造型线辅助设备

1.造型生产线辅机：auxiliarymachinesofmolding

2.加砂机构：sandfeedingdevice

3.给料机：feeder

4.落箱机：boxparatingdevice,

moldconveyerfeeder

5.合箱机：closingmachine

6.分箱机：boxparatingdevice,flaskparating

7.翻箱机：rollovermachine

8.捅型机[捅箱机]：punchoutequipment

六、特种铸造

6.1金属型铸造

1.金属型铸造：gravitydiecasting,metalmoldcasting,

permanentmoldcasting

2.金属型铸造机：gravitydiecastingmachine,

metalmoldcastingmachine

3.永久型：permanentmold

4.金属型：die,metalmold

5.覆砂金属型：sand-linedmetalmold

6.金属芯：metalcore

7.金属型涂料：diecoating,metalmoldcoating

8.开型力：dieopeningforce

9.排气塞：ventingplug

10.排气槽：airvent

11.可溶芯：ventingplug

6.2压力铸造与低压铸造

1.压力铸造[压铸]：diecasting,pressurediecasting

2.压铸机：diecastingmachine

3.冷室压铸机：coldchamberdiecastingmachine

4.冷室卧室压铸机[卧室压铸机]：horizontal(coldchamber)diecasting

machine

5.冷室立式压铸机[立式压铸机]：vertical(coldchamber)diecasting

machine

6.热室压铸机：gotchamberdiecastingmachine

7.充痒压铸:pore-freediecasting

8.精速度压铸[双冲头压铸]：Acuraddiecasting

9.真空压铸：evacuateddiecasting,

vacuumdiecasting

10.压射：shot,injection

11.抛物线射压法[帕拉肖特法]：Parashotprocess

12.压射机构：injectionsystem

13.压室[压射机]：pressurechamber

14.压射冲头[压射住塞，压塞]：injectionram,plunger

15.压射速度：injectionspeed

16.压射比压：injectionpressure

17.增压：pressurization

18.充填率：rateoffilling

19.鹅颈管：gooneck]

20.反冲头：counterplunger

21.锁型[合型]（压铸）：dielocking

22.合型机构[锁型机构]：dieclosingmechanism

23.锁型力[合型力]：clampingforce,dielockingforce

24.拉杠：tiebar,tierod

25.压铸型：die,diecastingdie

26.定型：coverdiehalf,fixeddie

27.动型：ejectordiehalf,movingdie

28.分流器：spreader,spruespreader

29.浇口套：spruebush

30.留型时间[开型时间]：openingtime

31.顶出机构：ejectormechanism

32.顶杆：ejectorpin

33.抽芯机构：corepuller

34.溢流槽：overflowwell

35.余料：biscuit,slug

36.压铸余料：coatingfordiecasting,releaagent

37.低压铸造：lowpressurecasting,

lowpressurediecasting

38.低压铸造机：lowpressurecastingmachine

39.电磁泵低压铸造机：electromagneticcastingmachine

40.充型压力moldfillingpressure

41.充型速度：fillingspeed

42.保压压力：dwellspeed

43.保压时间：dwelltime

44.加压速度：rateofpressureincreasing

45.升液管：rirtube,stalk

46.差压铸造[反压铸造]：counter-pressurecasting

47.挤压铸造：squeezingcasting

48.半固态铸造[流变铸造，触变铸造]：rheocasting,misolidcasting,

thixocasting

6.3离心铸造

1.离心铸造：centrifugalcasting

2.双金属离心铸造：bimetalcentrifugalcasting

3.离心铸造机：centrifugalcastingmachine

4.立式离心铸造机：verticalcentrifugalcastingmachine

5.卧式离心铸造机：horizontalcentrifugalcastingmachine

6.离心铸造转速：rotationalspeedofcentrifugalcasting

7.浇注槽：pouringtrough

8.重力因数[重力系数]：gravityfactor

6.4失模铸造

1.失模铸造：lostpatterncasting

2.熔模铸造[失蜡铸造]：investmentcasting,lost-waxcasting

3.失模：expendablepattern,lostpattern

4.熔模：fusiblepattern

5.蜡模：waxpattern

6.盐模：saltpattern

7.熔模压制：fusiblepatterninjection

8.模料：patternmaterial

9.模组：patternasmbly

10.浆料：ceramicslurry,slurry

11.灌浆：pastepouring

12.撒砂：stuccoing

13.脱蜡：dewaxing

14.压型：patterndie

15.焙烧：sintering

16.压蜡机：patterninjectionmachine

17.型裂：moldcrack

18.陶瓷型壳[型壳]：ceramicshellmold

19.陶瓷型芯[陶瓷芯]：ceramiccore

6.5壳型铸造

1.壳型铸造：Croningprocess,shellmoldcasting

2.壳型制造：shellmolding

3.壳型：shellmold

4.壳芯：shellcore

5.结壳时间：investingtime

6.结壳温度：investingtemperature

7.壳型机：shellmoldingmachine

8.壳芯机：shellcoremachine

6.6连续铸造

1.连续铸造[连铸]：continuouscasting

2.热型连铸[OCC法]：hotmoldcontinuouscasting,

Ohnocontinuouscastingprocess,

OCCprocess

3.旋铸法：chillblockmelt-spining

4.连铸机：continuouscastingmachine

5.水平连铸机：horizontalcontinuouscastingmachine

6.立式连铸机：verticalcontinuouscastingmachine

7.浇口盘：tundish

8.结晶器：crystallizer

6.7消失模铸造

1.实型铸造[消失模铸造]：cavitylesscasting,EPCprocess,

expendablepatterncasting,

fullmoldcasting

2.消失模[气化模]：expendablepattern

3.磁型铸造：magneticshotmoldingprocess

6.8其他特种铸造

1.精密铸造：precisioncasting

2.无余量精密铸造：non-shavingprecisoncasting

3.近余量铸造[近净形铸造]：nearnetshapecasting

4.石膏型铸造：plastermoldcasting

5.石膏型：plastermold

6.石墨型铸造：graphitemoldcasting

7.石墨型：graphitemold

8.陶瓷型铸造：ceramicmoldcasting

9.陶瓷型制造：ceramicmolding

10.喷烧：torchfiring

11.复合铸造：compositecasting

12.双金属铸造：bimetalcasting

13.双金属符合铸造：bimetalcompositecasting

14.镶铸：inrtcasting

15.渗流铸造[渗铸]：infiltrationcasting

16.悬浮铸造[悬浮浇注]：suspensioncasting

17.真空吸铸：suctioncasting

18.真空铸造：vacuumcasting

19.振动铸造：vibrationalcasting

20.凝壳铸造：slushcasting

21.冷冻铸造：subzerocasting

22.快速凝结[超速凝结]：rapidsolidification,ultra-rapidsolidification

23.急冷铸造[激冷铸造，喷射成形]：splatcasting,spraycasting,sprayforming

24.细晶铸造：finegraincastingprocess

25.单晶铸造：singlecrystalcasting,monocrystalcasting

26.定向结晶[单向结晶，单向凝古]：directionalcrystallization,directionalsolidification,

unidirectionalcrystallization,

unidirectionalsolidification

27.电渣熔铸：electro-slagmeltingandcasting

28.电铸：electroforming,electrotyping,galvanoplastics

29.泥型：claymold

七、铸件后处理

7.1落砂

1.落砂：knockout,shakeout

2.落砂时间：shakeouttime

3.落砂温度：knockouttemperature,shakeouttemperature

4.落砂机：knockoutmachine

5.风动砂芯落砂机：pneumaticcoreknockoutmachine

6.滚筒落砂机：knockoutbarrel

7.开箱：opening

8.打箱：shakeout

9.除芯：decoring

7.2清砂以清理

1.清理：cleaning,fettling

2.喷砂清理：sandblastingcleaning

3.喷丸清理：wheelblastingcleaning

4.抛丸落砂清理：knockoutandblastcleaning

5.抛丸清理：wheelblastingcleaning

6.喷抛丸联合清理：combinedshotblastingcleaning

7.滚筒清理：tumbling

8.火焰表面清理：scarfing

9.湿法清理：wetcleaning

10.抛丸清理机：wheelblastingmachine

11.清砂：cleaning

12.化学清砂：chemicalcleaning

13.电化学清砂[电化学清理，电解清理]：electro-chemicalcleaning,electrolyticcleaning

14.电解清砂[电液压清砂]：electrohydrauliccleaning

15.水爆清砂：immersingcleaning,waterexplosivecleaning

16.水力清砂：hydrauliccleaning

17.水砂清砂：hydraulicblast

18.去除浇冒口：degating

19.去毛刺：deburring

20.去氧化皮：descaling

21.打磨：grinding

22.电弧气割：airarccutting

23.清铲：chipping

24.弹丸：shot

25.抛丸器：blastwheel

26.喷丸器：shotblaster

27.砂丸分离器：shotsandparator

28.液体喷砂机：wetsand-blastingmachine

29.砂轮机：grinder

30.风铲：pneumaticchipper,pneumaticchil

7.3铸件修补

1.铸件修补：repairofcasting

2.焊补：repairwelding

3.熔补：fusionrepairing

4.填补：repairwithmetal-filled

5.浸渗处理[渗补]：impregnation

6.浸渗剂：imregnant

7.精整[精细清理]：dressingandfinishing

8.腻子：beaumantage

9.矫正：coining,straightening

九、铸件质量

8.1基本术语

1.铸件质量：castingquality

2.铸件内在质量：internalqualityofcasting

3.铸件外观质量：visualqualityofcasting

4.铸件质量分级：qualitygradesofcasting

5.铸件质量分析：qualityanalysisofcasting

6.铸件质量检测仪：testerforcastingquality

7.铸件公称质量：nominalweightofcasting

8.铸件质量公差：weighttoleranceofcasting

9.铸件质量偏差：weightdifferenceofcasting

10.铸件尺寸公差：dimensionaltoleranceofcasting

11.铸件尺寸稳定性：dimensionalstabilityofcasting

12.铸件机械加工余量：machiningallowanceofcasting

13.铸件表面粗糙度：castsurfaceroughness

14.铸件表面粗糙度比较样块：roughnesscomparisonspecimensforcastsurface

15.铸件本体性能：propertiesofcastingitlf

16.铸件使用性能：rviceabilityofcasting,

propertiesaffectingrviceofcasting

17.高质量铸件：premiumqualitycasting

18.合格铸件：qualifiedcasting

19.铸件合格平率：yieldofcasting

20.缺陷铸件：defectivecasting

21.废品：reject

22.铸件废品率：rejectratioofcasting

23.铸件成品率[铸件出品率]：overallyieldofcasting

24.铸件缺陷：castingdefect

25.铸件检验：inspectionofcasting

26.铸件可靠性：reliabilityofcasting

27.气密性：airtightness

8.2多肉类缺陷

1.多肉类缺陷：metallicprojections

2.飞翅[飞边]：jointflash

3.毛刺：veining

4.外渗物[外渗豆]：sweat

5.粘模多肉：sticker

6.冲砂：cut,erosion,wash

7.掉砂：crush,drop

8.胀砂：swell

9.抬型[抬箱]：coperai,raidmold

8.3孔洞类缺陷

1.孔洞类缺陷：cavities

2.气孔：blowhole

3.气缩孔：blowholeshrinkage

4.针孔：pinhole

5.表面针孔：surfacepinhole

6.皮下气孔：subsurfaceblowhole

7.呛火：boiling

8.收缩缺陷：shrinkagedefects

9.缩孔：shrinkage

10.缩松：disperdshrinkage

11.疏松[显微疏松]：microshrinkage,porosity

12.渗漏：leakage

8.4裂纹、冷隔类缺陷

1.裂纹：crack

2.冷裂：coldcracking

3.热裂：hotcracking

4.缩裂[收缩裂纹]：shrinkagecrack

5.热处理裂纹：heattreatmentcrack

6.网状裂纹[龟裂]：checkcrack,crazecrack,crazing,heatchecking

7.白点[发裂]：flake,snowflake

8.冷隔：coldlap,coldshut

9.浇注断流：interruptedpour

10.重皮：doubleskin

8.5表面缺陷

1.表面缺陷：surfacedefect

2.表面粗糙：roughsurface

3.粘砂：burning-on

4.化学粘砂：burn-on

5.机械粘砂[渗透粘砂]：metalpenetration

6.夹砂结疤：scab

7.涂料结疤：blackingscab

8.沟槽：blindscab,buckle

9.粘型：soldering,stick-on

10.龟纹[网状花纹]：networkpattern,networkvein

11.流痕[水纹]：bloom,flowline,flowmark

12.缩陷：depression

13.鼠尾：rat-tail

14.印痕：indentation

15.邹皮：elephantskin

16.拉伤：catchedcasting,stickon

8.6残缺类缺陷

1.残缺类缺陷：incompletecasting

2.浇不到[浇不足]：misrun

3.未浇满：pouredshort

4.型漏[漏箱]：bleedingfrombottom,run-outformbottom

5.损伤[机械损伤]：damage

6.跑火：bleedingfromparting,run-outfromparting

7.漏空：breakout,leakout

8.7形状及重量差错类缺陷

1.铸件变形：castingstrains,distortion,warping

2.形状不合格：incorrectcastingfrom

3.尺寸不合格：offdimension,offsize

4.拉长：exaggerationofdimension

5.挠曲：warpage

6.错型[错箱]：shift

7.错芯：coreshift

8.偏芯[漂芯]：corelift,coreraid

9.型芯下沉：coresag

10.串皮：opencore

11.型壁移动：moldwallmovement

12.舂移：ramaway,ramoff

13.缩沉：sag

14.缩尺不符：wrongpatternallowance

15.坍流：drop,raining

16.铸件重量不合格[超重]：overweightofcasting

8.8夹杂类缺陷

1.夹杂类缺陷：inclusiondefects

2.夹杂物：inclusion

3.内生夹杂物：endogenousinclusion,indigenousinclusion

4.外生夹杂物：exogenousinclusion

5.夹渣：entrappedslag,slaginclusion

6.黑渣：blackdross,blackslag

7.涂料渣孔：blackinghole

8.冷豆：coldshot

9.磷豆：phosphorpearl,phosphorussweat

10.内渗物[内渗豆]：internalsweat

11.砂眼：sandinclusion

12.锡豆：tinsweat

13.硬点：hardspot

14.渣气孔：slag-blowhole

8.9成分、组织及性能不合格类缺陷

1.物理力学性能不合格：physical-mechanicalcharacteristicabnormal

2.化学成分个合格：chemicalconsistenceabnormal

3.金组织不合格：metallographabnormal

4.白边过厚：brightbordertoothick

5.菜花头：cauli-flowering

6.断晶：fracturedcrystal

7.反白口：inverchill

8.过烧：burning,overfiring

9.巨晶：ingotism

10.亮皮：pearlitelayer

11.偏析：gregation

12.反偏析：invergregation,abnormalgregation

13.正偏析：normalgregation

14.宏观偏析：macrogregation

15.微观偏析：interdendriticgregation,microgregation

16.重力偏析：gravitygregation

17.晶间偏析[晶界偏析]：grainboundarygregation,

intercrystallinegregation

18.晶内偏析[枝晶偏析]：dendriticgregation

19.球化不良：abnormalnodulizing,under-nodulizing

20.球化衰退：degradatedspheroidisation,

spheroidisationdecaying

21.组织粗大：opengrainstructure

22.石墨粗大：coargraphite,opengrainedgraphite

23.石墨集结：kishgraphitespot

24.铸态麻口：castmottledstructure

25.石墨漂浮：carbonflotation

26.表面脱碳：surfacedecarburization

blinder粘结剂

bond粘结剂

sodiumsilicate水玻璃

sodiumsilicate

modulus水玻璃模数

模数=SiO2/Na2O(分子数之

比)

moldingsand型砂

melting熔化

smelting熔炼

finishmark精炼

chemicalelement化学元素

chemicalcomposition化学成分

chemicalanalysis化学分析

roughcast毛坯

shrinkage收缩率

shrinkagecrake缩(热裂)

shrinkageofvolume体积收缩

castingstress铸造应力

contractionstress收缩应力

traction拉应力

thermalstress热应力

residualstress残余应力

sandmold砂型

toppart上型

bottompart下型

hand(machine)

molding手工(机械)造型

pouringbasin浇口盆

pouringcup浇口杯

sprue直浇口

sprueba直浇口底部

runner横浇口

ingate内浇口

deqectivecasting缺陷铸件

veining毛刺

stove炉

warping变形

Celsius摄氏的

quenching淬火

draw/temper回火

brittleness脆性

调质