初二宾语从句讲解

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Step1宾语从句学习

一、宾语从句的断定

定义：宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。例如：

Idon'tknowif/whethermyfatherwillcomebacktomorrow.（我不知道明天我爸爸是否会回来。）

Tomcan'tdecidewhichsweaterheshouldbuy.（汤姆不能决定应该买哪一件羊毛衫。）

Weallknow（that）thesunrisintheeast.（我们都知道太阳在东方升起。）

二、宾语从句应注意三点：连接词、时态、语序

2.1连接词

宾语从句的连接词分为三类：

1.引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。

2.引导一般疑问句用if或whether。

注意：下列几种情况通常使用whether：（1）在具有选择意义又有or或ornot时，尤其是直接与ornot连用时，往往

用whether；（2）在介词之后用whether；（3）在不定式前用whether等。

3.引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。

一Excume，couldyoutellme__________?

—There'sabankonthecondfloor．Youcanmakeitthere．[黄冈市]

ngettothebank

e'hebankis

[答案]A．

2.2．时态：

1、如果主句谓语动词为一般现在时，那么宾语从句的谓语动词的时态可以根据具体情况，该用哪种时态，就用哪

种时态。

2、如果主句谓语动词的时态为一般过去时，根据主从句时态一致的原则，从句谓语动词的时态可以使用相应的过

去时态。

1）宾语从句中的一般现在时变为一般过去时：

is/am/are→was/were；do/does→did；may→might；need→neededcan→could.

2）宾语从句中的一般将来时变为过去将来时：is/am/aregoingtodo→was/weregoingtodo；willdo→would

do.

3）宾语从句中的现在完成时变为过去完成时：has/havedone→haddone.

4）宾语从句中的现在进行时变为过去进行时：is/am/aredoing→was/weredoing.

ysthatLilyislisteningtothemusic.

→LucysaidthatLilywaslisteningtothemusic.

ysthatLilywillgohome.

→LucysaidthatLilywouldgohome.

ysthatLilygetsupatfive.

→LucysaidthatLilygotupatfive.

ysthatLilyhasneverbeentoGuangzhou.

→LucysaidthatLilyhadneverbeentoGuangzhou.

3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯

上都用一般现在时。

4.情态动词could/would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。

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Excume,couldyoutellmewhen__thenewOlympicCenter?

visit

[答案]D。

—Couldyoutellmewhomtheradio_________by?

一Sorry，Ihavenoidea．[福州市]

ented

[答案]D。

Ididn’tunderstand__________,soIraidmyhandtoask..

esmyteachersay

dmyteachersay

答案为C。

2.3、语序

在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律是用“连接词＋陈述句语序”，其标点符号由

主句来决定。

1．—Doyouknow______________now?

一InthePeople'sHotel．[北京市]

idTomwork

omworked

[答案]C．

备注：

1否定转移

当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/believe/suppo/expect等时，应在

主句上加以否定。

2简化

宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”、“it+形容词+不定式短语”、复合宾语、动词不定式

（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。

Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththeletter.（改为简单句）（年山东烟台）

Idon’tknowwhat______________________withtheletter.

答案与解析：答案为todo。

3注意if和when

if/when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if/when

引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“是否”和“何时”，此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。if和when引导状语从句时，意

思分别为“如果”和“当……的时候”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。

Step2典型例题讲解

1.---Couldyoutellushowlong______?

---Aboutthreedays.

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rtsmeetinglast

rtsmeetingwilllast

oknow______,

hisnameBwhat'snameis

3．Parentsaretaughttounderstand_____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.(2004广东卷)

4．Iwonder_______theywillcomeherewithtomorrow.

5.---Couldyoutellme______?

---I'mnotsure.

Thanksgiving

mewillthedolphinshowstart

6.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes.I'tellme______taketogetthere?

gwillit

7.---Couldyouletmeknow___________yesterday?

---Becauthetrafficwasheavy.

camelate

comelate

tercanonlydo_________youhaveinstructedittodo.

erday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.

Fatherwouldliketoknow____I'vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetondhimaquicknote

【解析】

1．D宾语从句用陈述句语序。

2．D宾语从句用陈述句语序。

3．B题干中的“_____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture”应理解为：education为主语，important是is

的表语；totheirchildren’sfuture是状语，所以空格处应为how修饰important。其实这个宾语从句是一个感叹句。

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4．C后面的"with"决定了用"who"。

5．A宾语从句用陈述句语序。

on一般用于指某事过多久后或到什么时候才发生，howlong一般用于指某事需持续多长时间。

rday表明宾语从句应用一般过去时，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

8．C。分析本句的结构可知，空白处应填的连词应作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do的宾语。所以，该连接词

应是连接代词。故应选C。

9．C。介词at之后是宾语从句，其中Ithought是插入语。也可以把what分解为aspeedthat…

10．Cwhat引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作短语beupto的宾语。

oupleatellme?

A)whenwillwehaveanEnglishexamB)whenwewillhaveanEnglishexam

C)whenwouldwehaveanEnglishexamD)whenwewouldhaveanEnglishexam

outellme?

A)whenwillthenextbullettrainleaveforNanjing

B)whenthenextbullettrainwillleaveforNanjing

C)whenwouldthenextbullettrainleaveforNanjing

D)whenthenextbullettrainwouldleaveforNanjing

3.—Couldyoutellmetomorrowevening?

Well,itwillstartat9o'clock.

A)whenthefilmwillstartB)whenwillthefilmstart

C)whenthefilmwouldstartD)whenwouldthefilmstart

'smotherwantstoknow.

A)whenwillJackcomebackB)whenJackwillcomeback

C)whenwouldJackcomebackD)whenJackwouldcomeback

r.

练一练

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A)whentheuniversitycampusinChinaopenstothepublic

B)whenwilltheuniversitycampusinChinaopentothepublic

C)whenwouldopentheuniversitycampusinChinatothepublic

D)whentheuniversitycampusinChinawillopentothepublic

ladycouldn’tremember.

A)whereshehadputherglassB)wherehadsheputherglass

C)wheresheputsherglassD)wheredidsheputherglass

7.I’outellme_______?

dyourplanetakeoff

esyourplanetakeoff

8..Jack'smotherwantstoknow.

A)whenwillJackcomeback

B)whenJackwillcomeback

C)whenwouldJackcomeback

D)whenJackwouldcomeback

Keys：

1—5BBABD6—8ACB

Step3阅读训练

日常生活

词数336难度★★★建议用时6'30''实际用时__________

Whyisitthereemstobenoplacelike"Mama'shou"andnobettercookingthan"Mama'scooking"?

Ourfamiliesglwayxpectthe

hugstobeginatthefrontdoor,isfilledwithmemoriesthatmakeussmileas

webreakbreadtogether.

nd,weeachwalkaroundthehoutouching

booksonshelvesthatholdspecialmeaningsforus.

Yesterday,herhadwarnedeverymemberof

ourfamily—especiallymydad—llbeenwarnedtobeonourbest

behavior.

erbacktotheroomwhereeverybodywasgathered,exceptmy

dalltellhownervousSheliawasandnever

imaginedwhatwasabouttohappen.

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Mydadwalkedoutofthebathroom,nexttotheroom,elia

lookeduphesaid,"Shelia,PmChuck'sdad,"andthenhequicklypulledthetowelfromaroundhimlfanddroppedittothe

floor!

Wecouldrememberhergasptothisday,andcouldjustemydadstandingtherewithhislongpantsrolledupabove

hisknee,withthatgiggleinhiye.

EvenifMamarvedpancakesonpapertowelsIdaresaynoneofuswouldmissanopportunitytogobackthereand

renewourheartswithgoodmemoriestillthedinnerbellrangagain.

生词速查

giggle咯咯笑sister-in-law弟媳

recall回忆wrapped包住

gasp深吸气rolledup卷起来

()horthinks"Mama'shou"and"Mama'scooking"are__________.

l

sing

()a"getsocaughtupindailyroutine"means__________.

tedaboutdailyactivities

yabouteverydaychores

tbyeverydaytroubles

witheverydaylife

()asprobablytheauthor's__________.

()wasdeeplyimpresdby__________

stmeetingwithherfather-in-law

emansaidtoher

bersofChuck'sfamily

efamilyhaddone

()ellfromthestorythat__________.

hor'sfatherhadagoodnofhumor

hordidn'tlikehisfather'sjoke

hor'sfamilywaspoor

hor'smotherwasacook

词数357难度★★★★建议用时7'实际用时__________

阅读短文，判断正误，正确的写T（true），错误的写F（fal）。

thavebeen6yearsold,withbeautifulbrownhaired

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ainingheavilyoutside.

ed,aysmesmerizedby

stinthesoundandsightoftheheavenswashingawaythedirtanddustoftheworld.

Hervoicewassosweetasitbrokethehypnotictrancewewereallcaughtin."Mom,let'srunthroughtherain,"she

said.

"What?"Momasked.

"Let'srunthroughtherain!"sherepeated.

"No,'llwaituntilitslowsdownabit,"Momreplied.

Thisyoungchildwaitedaboutanotherminuteandrepeated:"Mom,let'srunthroughtherain."

"We'llgetwetifwedo,"Momsaid.

"No,wewon't,'snotwhatyousaidthismorning,"theyounggirlsaidasshecaughtherMom'sarm.

"Thismorning?WhendidIsaywecouldrunthroughtherainandnotgetwet?"

"Don'tyouremember?WhenyouweretalkingtoDaddyabouthiscancer,yousaid,'IfGodcangetusthroughthis,he

cangetusthroughanything!'"

youcouldn'

dandthoughtforamomentaboutwhatshewouldsay.

swasa

momentofaffirmationinayoungchild'slife."Honey,'et,wellmaybewe

justneedwashing,"ftheyran.

Weallstoodwatching,ldtheirshoppingbagsovertheirheads

ywerefollowedbyafewwhoscreamedandlaughedlikechildrenallthewaytotheircars.

Andyes,dwashing.

生词速查

freckle-faced雀斑脸awning雨篷

mesmerize迷住hypnotictrance昏昏欲睡

cancer癌症scold责骂

ignore忽略affirmation肯定

()l’smotherhadbeautifulbrownhairedandfreckle-faced.

()peoplewerestandingundertheawningpatiently.

()laskedhermothertorunthroughtheraintwice.

()lbelievedthatGodcouldgetthemthroughanything.

(),theotherchildrenfollowedthemtorunthroughtherainhappily.

1.B文章第一段讲到了没有什么能够比得上Mama’shouandMama’scooking。

2.D画线部分的意思是“忙于日常事务”。

3.C据五、六两段可以判断Chuck的身份。

4.D据六、七两段可得知答案。

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5.A文章主要讲述的事情是关于父亲的幽默。

6.F应该是小女孩。

7.F从Wewaited,somepatientlyandothersangrily可知只是部分。

8.T小女孩两次向妈妈提出请求，只不过第一次重复了一遍。

9.T因为她相信她妈妈和爸爸的对话内容。

10.F最后一段第三句写其他人像孩子一样跟着他们在雨中奔跑。

Step4小结

思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面

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