hierarchy

流利说商务英语Level6Unit1Part5(一)Maslow’sHierarchy

Scientistshavebeenstudyingmotivationformanyyears.

AnAmericanpsychologist,AbrahamMaslow,developedatheorycalledthe

HierarchyofNeeds.

Accordingtothistheory,individuals'mostbasicneedsmustbemetbeforethey

becomemotivatedtoachievehigherlevelneeds.

Therearefivelevelsofneedsinthehierarchy.

physiological一、生理需求

Physiologicalneedsarethemostbasicrequirementsforpeopletostayalive,suchas

eating,drinking,andsleeping.

Whentheneedsarenotmet,peopleektofulfillthemaboveallel.

safetyandcurity二、安全需求

Thecondmostimportantneedafterphysiologicalneedsissafetyandcurity.

Humanbeingsneedtofeelsafeandcurenotonlyphysically,butalsofinancially

andpsychologically.

Ifsomeonelostheirjob,theymayworrybecautheirincomeisn'tstable.

Ifsomeoneisstarving,theyarelackingaphysiologicalneed.

Manystaffwereworriedaboutjobcurity,sinceveralemployeeshadbeenlaidoff

afterthemerger.

Ifanemployeeinacompanyhasbeenlaidoff,theyhavelostjobcurity.

belongandlove三、归属和爱

AccordingtoMaslow,it'simportantthatpeoplefeelacceptedbytheirsocial

groups,suchasfamily,friendsandevenco-workers.

Ifsomeonedoesn'tfeellovedoracceptedbythepeopleintheirlife,theymaybecome

lonely,depresd,orincure.

Companiesthatencourageteam-buildingactivitieshavehigheremployee

engagementthanthothatdon't.

lf-esteem四、自尊需求

Self-esteemistheconfidenceapersonhasinthemlves.

Atwork,peopleneedtofeelthattheyareperformingwellandtheirachievementsare

recognized.

Ifemployeesareencouraged,theyareoftenmoreengaged.

Soit'simportanttopraitheirwork.

Employeeswillhavehighlf-esteemiftheyfeeltheirachievementsarerecognized

byothers.

lf-actualization五、自我实现需求

Self-actualizationreferstoaperson'sneedtoreachtheirfullpotential.

Sinceeachindividualisunique,peopletakedifferentpathstoachieve

lf-actualization.

Therefore,managersshouldunderstandtheiremployees'needs,andencouragethem

toachievetheirgoals.

Becauindividualsareunique,theirmotivationsforlf-actualizationaredifferent.

Howmaysomeonefeeliftheydon'tfeelacceptedatwork?-Lonely,depresdor

incure.

Ifemployeesarepraidfortheirwork,theyoftenbecomemoreengaged.

Self-esteemistheconfidenceapersonhasinthemlves.