比较英文

Thedifferencebetweenchineandwesternculture

Withtherapidlychallgingword，peoplethroughouttheworldhavefounditincreasingly

necessarytominimizetherateofmisunderstandingduetomiscommunicationintheircontacts

astmosthumanbeingswereborn，lived，anddiedwithinalimited

geoographicalarea,neverencounteringpeopleofotherculturalbackgrounds。Itmightbesaid

thattechnologicaladvanceshavebeenmosteffectiveincreatingtheborderlessword，theglobal

community。Asourworldshrinksanditsinhabitantsbecomeinterdependent，peoplefromremot

longerhardtofindsituationsin

peoplemaylivethousandsofmiles

awayorrightnextdoortoeachother。Soallthepeoplearefacedwiththechallengeof

understandthisworld。Sowhentheeastmeetwest，oblems

arelistedasfollows.

Firstofall，thewayofeating。damental

needsforthingsthatkeepusalive。ividualsmusteatin

ordertosurvive。Butwhatpeopleeat,whentheyeat,andthemannersinwhichtheyeatareall

etyviewverythinginitnvironmentthatidibleandmight

anatoystersbutnotsnail。TheFrencheatsnailsbutnot

duatporkbutnotbeef。TheRussiandeatbeef

haveideas

ult,peoplefromonecultureoftenthinkthefood

eisnottheonlyreason

clture，certainfoodsaretaboo。Sometimes

thefoodtaboosmaybesostrongthratjustthethoughtofeatingforbiddenfoodscancauan

indivdualtofeelill。Wecanalsofindculturedifferenceinwayofbringupchildrentreatingthe

early，greetingeachother，sayingandspendingmoneybeforeotherpeopledoineveryday,but

insomeEnglish—speakingcountries,emayenjoy

somethingthatisnotusuallyconsideradiblebytheEnglish—llywe

perfertohavethinghotandmuchemphasisonthetaste。Weeatfromoneplatewhenweare

eatingwithothers，andweliketoatonebyone,pposite，

someEnglish-speakingcontries,mostofthepeopleliketoatintworows,twopeoplefaceto

face。Theyhavetheirownplate.

Ontheaspectoftablemanners，therearemanydifferencesbetweenchineand

English-speakingpeople。Forexample,insomeEnglishi-speakingcountries,Breadplatesareto

theleftofthemainplate，ork，knifeandsoupspoonare

furtherfromthemainplatethanthemaincourknife,tingbreadrolls,

breakoffapiecebeforebuttering。Utheknifeonlytobutterthebread，

shouldnotstarteatingbeforeyourhostdoesorinstructstodoso。Atlargermeals，itis

nished，placetheknifeand

forktogetheratfiveo’nsideredrudetoanswerthetelephone

atthetable。Ifneedtotakeanurgentcall,exculfandgooutside。Trytoeatallthefoodyou

arerved。ButinChina,etraditionallyeatricefroma

ebowlisraidtothemouthandthericepushedintothe

mouthusingthechopsticks。SomeChinefinditoffensivetoscoopricefromthebowlusinga

spoon。Ifriceisrvedonaplate,asismorecommonintheWest，itisacceptableandmore

mbmustalwaysbeabovetheedgeofthebowl。

Thehostshouldalwaysmakesuretheguestsdrinksaresufficientlyfull。Oneshouldnotpourfor

oneslf,butshouldoffertopourforaneighbor。Whenyourdrinkisbeingpoured,youshould

say”thankyou”andtapfingersonthetabletoshowappreciation。Whenpeoplewishtoclink

drinkstogetherintheformofacheer，itisimportanttoobrvethatyoungermembersshould

clinktheedgeoftheirdrinkbelowtheedgeofaneldertoshowrespect。

Secondly,thewayofcommunication。Formbirthtodeath，communicationplaysanintegral

partinourlife。Therearesomelanguageproblems,includingthedifferentstylesofusing

languagesuchasdirect，indirect；expansive，succinct；argumentative,conciliatory;

instrumental，harmonnizing;andsoon。Thedifferentstylescanleadtowronginterpretations

ofintentandevaluationofinsincerity,aggreeiveness,deviousness，orarrogance，amongother。

Themisinterpretationnonverbalsignsandsymbolssuchasgestures，postures,andotherbody

movements。Itisadefinitecommunicationbarrier。Butitispossibletolearnthemeaningsof

theobrvablemessage，usuallyininformalratherways。Itismoredifficulttounderstandthe

ge,asthecarrierofculture,iscreated

duringtheprocessofhumanbeings’productivelaborandrvesasthetoolofcommunicationto

r,ithasbeenendowedwithmagicandpowerin

particularlanguageacts。Astheoldsayinggoes,titious

peoplethinkthatthelanguageitlfcanbringaboutfortuneormisfortunesothattaboosto

restricttheuoflanguagearecreated。Anyonewhoviolatesthemwillgetpunishment,whereas

thowrmore,

linguistictabooschangewiththedevelopmentofsociety。Thepaperfirstlyanalyzestheevolution

dicatedinthepaperthatlinguistictabooexistsinalmosteveryaspectof

people’slifeandisauniversalsocialphenomenoninChinaandBritain。BothChineand

Englishculturesareinagreementaboutlinguistictaboossuchaspronunciationtaboo,and

vocabularytaboo。However，influencedbydifferentculturalbackgrounds,ideologiesandthe

conceptsofvalue，ChineandEnglishlinguistictaboosalsohavedifferences,asisdiscusdin

thepaperfromtheaspectsoftaboosubjects,taboonumbersandnames。Atlast,thispaperputs

forwardtwoeffectivewaysofavoidingtaboo,thatis，usingeuphemismandhavingagood

sdiscussionwouldhelpEnglishlearnersimprovetheir

abilityofcross-culturalcommunicationandachievebettercommunicationaleffects。Forexample,

Duringthefeudaltimes,peoplewerenotequaltotherulersandweresuppresdbytheir

superiors。Thedistinctionbetweentheupperandthelowerclasswasalsoreflectedinthe

dsofupperclassudwere

consideredgoodandelegantwhilethoudbythelowerclasswereregardedasvulgarand

indecentandshouldbeavoidedinthespeechofladiesandgentlemen。Inmodernsociety，asa

resultofthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，manynaturalphenomenaarenolonger

mysterious。Humanbeingsnotonlyconstantlyimprovetheirabilitiestoexploittheworldwhere

theyarelivingthroughtheirgreatwisdomandknowledge,butalsomakeeffortstoexplorethe

extraterrestrialworld。Sciencehasmuchmoresayintoday'y，thesuperstitious

elementsinlinguistictaboosdecreawhilethoreflectingspiritualcivilizationincrea。

Inshort,bycomparison，wecanfindthatbothChineandEnglishcommunicationreflect

people'spsychologyforgoodwill，neand

Englishpeoplerestricttheirwordsanddeedsthroughtaboos,tryingtokeepaharmonious

relationshipbetweenhumanandnature，eareflectionof

people’spursuitoffreedomandequality。

Themostimportant，thedifferentwayoffamilystructure，familyvaluesandfamilyeducation。

Familystructureisthebigdifferencebetweeneastandwest,traditionalchine，amonymany

otherAsians,repecttheireldersandfeeladeepnofdutytowardthem。Childrenrepaytheir

parents`acceptedasa

naturalpartoflifeinChina。Incontrast,takingcareofagedparentsisoftenviewedasa

tremendousburdenintheEnglish-speakingcountries,whereagingandfamilysupportarenot

honoredhighly。InsomeEnglish-speakingcountriesarestillextrmelyfamily—e

dedicatedtohelpingtheirchildrenandwillsacrificegreatlyfortheirchildrentogetanedcuation.

Inturn,thechildrenaredevotedtotheirparents，whooftenlivenearby。Grownchildrenwhogo

awayandleavethecountryfortheeconomicreasonstypicallyndlargepartsoftheirsalary

hometotheirparentsandtherestofthefamily。OrinsomeAsia，anydecisionsoractionsare

donefromfamilyconsideration,notindividualdesires。Peope`sbehaviorisjudgedonwhetherit

bringsshameorpridetothefamily。Thechildrenaretrainedtorelyontheirfamilies,tohonor

elderlypeople,andtofearforeigners。Andmanyofthemthinkthattheiractionsinthislifewill

influencetheirstatusinthenextlife.

nowthefamilyeducationistheelementary

riousproblemshaveappearedinoureducationsysteminrecent

everyonehasrealizedtheimportanceofsolvingtheproblemsandmanypeople

haveprentedalotofvaluablesuggestions。Therearemanytypesoffamilyeducationinthe

worldandeachofthemshowsdistinctivefeaturesandisclolyresponsivetoitsculture。And

Americanfamilyeducationisthemostfamousoneamongthem。Therearegreatdifferencesin

theconceptsofeducation，methodsofeducationandresultsofeducationbetweenEastfamily

educationandWestfamilyeducation。InsomeEnglish-speakingcountries，parents’aimsareto

traintheirchildrentohavetheabilityofadaptingtoenvironmentalvarietyandtheabilityofliving

nthisconcept,mostAmericanparentmphasizemoretotraintheir

children’sabilityofindependenceoncetheyareborn。Theygenerallybelievethatchildren’s

growthmustrelyontheirownexperiences,becautheythinkthatchildrenshouldforma

lf-supcapacity

-calledtrainingcontainsmanyaspects，suchas

work，temperwill,patience，thespiritofhardwork，r，themostfundamental

trainingistheabilityofadaptingtohardconditions。Throughtheprocessofwork,childrenwill

formthelaborn,learnsomeworkskillsandformahabitoflabor。Besides，childrencan

learnhowtoovercomedifficulties,tempertheirwillpower，developtheirtalentsandskills，rich

theirknowledge,st

intheunconsciouslyprocessthatchildrenwillobtaintheindependentsurvivabilityandtakethe

responsibilitiesforthesociety。ComparedwithsomeEnglish-speakingcountries,Chineparents

haveaverydifferentconceptofchildren'ducation。SomeparentsinChinaonlycareabout

whetherthechildrenhaveapromisingfuture,agoodjob,agoodlifeornot。Badonthe

expectations，themajorityofparentsfeelthattheirresponsibilityfortheirchildrenistocreateas

goodconditionsaspossibletheycansothatthechildrenwillnotworryaboutanythinginthe

future。Chineparentswouldliketoprovideeverythingwhattheycanfortheirchildreninthe

processofchildren'sgrowth。Inshort,theywouldliketosacrificeanythingiftheirchildrencan

livebetterwiththeirhelp。Therefore，intheprocessofchildren’sgrowth,themostimportant

thingtheparentsconcerningistodevelopingtheirchildren’sintellect,exceptforcaringchildren's

dailylife。Inordertomaketheirchildrenhaveagoodperformanceinstudy,become

outstanding，orevenbecomeafamouspersoninthefuture，theywouldnotletchildrendo

anythingexceptstudying。Asforthechildren’sindependence,civicawarenessandtheirability

adaptingtothesocietyinthefuture,theyconsiderlittleornotatall。Fromtheaspectswecan

findtheobviousdifferencesoffamilyeducationbetweenAmericaandChina。

WhenwefacedwiththodifferencebetweenWestandEast,weshouldgivesomeadvicetosolve

ingtothethreebigdifferencethatpointed，weshouldfindsomewayto

dealwiththeproblems。

Wecanstudyotherlanguagesandlearntoexpectinnonvwebalformsandotherculturalaspects。

Wecantrainourlvestomeetinterculturalencounterswithmoreattentiontosituationdetails.

Wecanu

graduallyexpoourlvestodifferencessothattheybecomelessthreatening。Wecaneven

learntolowerourtensionlevelwhenneededtoadvoidtriggeringdefensivereactions。The

overallgoalshouldbetoachieveinterculturalcommunicationcompetence。

Sotheidealsolutiontoreducetheproblemsaretoshareknowledgewithothersin

communication。Thisiswhyitiasiesttocommunicatewithothermembersofthesamegroup。

Thisiswhypeoplesooftengathertogethersociallywithotherswhoareverymuchlikethem.

Sinceinterculturalcommunicationiscommunicationwithmembersofdifferentcultualgroups，

andtherefore，becauwedonotshareknowledge,assumptions，values,andformsofdiscour

withthem，lookforthe

problems，anticipatewheretheywillarioutofourdifferences，andthenplanour

aommunicationstobeaffectiveaspossible.

However,wehavetorememberthat,mostofthetime，thedifferentwaysthatarethecustomsof

dfferentculturesareneitherrightnorwrong。Itissimplythatdifferentpeopledothesametings

indifferentmanners，eventhoughwecannotunderstand，weshouldshowtherespect。I

believethisisthebestwaytomakeourlifebecomemorecomfortableandmaketheworldmore

harmonious。