了解英文

认识26个英文字母和48个国际音标

一．认识26个字母并了解其发音，5个元音，21个辅音。

二.认识48个国际音标，20个元音（12个单元音，8个双元音），28个辅音（其中有10对

兄弟-一清一浊，8个单个辅音）；知道什么是音标以及音标的符号。

-认识26个英文字母及其发音

Aa[ei]Bb[bi:]Cc[si:]Dd[di:]Ee[i:]Ff[ef]

Gg[d3i:]Hh[eit∫]Ii[ai]Jj[d3ei]Kk[kei]Ll[el]

Mm[em]Nn[en]Oo[əu]Pp[pi:]Qq[kju:]Rr[ɑ:]

Ss[es]Tt[ti:]Uu[ju:]Vv[vi:]Ww[d∧blju:]

Xx[eks]Yy[wai]Zz[zi:][zed]

认识48个国际音标

单元音(12个)：/i://ɪ//e//æ//ʌ//ɜ://ə//ɑ://ɒ//ɔ://ʊ//u:/

双元音(8个)：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/

辅音(10对20个：清浊)：/p/&/b/;/t/&/d/;/k/&/g/;/f/&/v/

/s/&/z/;/θ/&/ð/;/ʃ/&/ʒ/;/tʃ/&/dʒ/;/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/

辅音（单个8个）/m//n//ŋ//ǀ//h//r//j//w/;

学习音标之前先来搞清楚发音的部位：

/i:/eee/si:/beef/bi:f/tree/tri:/green/gri:n/

eaeat/i:t/a/si:/tea/ti:/plea/pli:z/

iechief/tʃi:f/field/fi:ld/piece/pi:s/thief/θi:f/

ehe/hi:/she/ʃi:/we/wi:/the/ði:z/

/ɪ/ibig/bɪg/it/ɪt/kid/kɪd/pig/pig/

以y/ey结尾twenty/twenti/monkey/mʌŋki/money/mʌni/

/e/ehen/hen/egg/eg/red/red/pen/pen/

eahead/hed/ready/redi/bread/bred/breakfast/brekfəst/

/æ/abag/bæg/cap/kæp/can/kæn/fat/fæt/

前4号元音的发音特点是：声带振动，嘴型越来越大。

3对辅音音标

/p/p清辅音pig/pig/cap/kæp/park/pɑ:k/

/b/b浊辅音bag/bæg/bee/bi:/boy/bɔɪ/

/t/t清辅音it/ɪt/tiger/taɪgə/table/teibl/

/d/d浊辅音dog/dɒg/desk/desk/door/dɔ:/

/k/c/ck/k清辅音week/wi:k/cat/kæt/cock/kɒk/

/g/g浊辅音bag/bæg/good/gʊd/green/gri:n/

单元音

/ɑ:/aclass/klɑ:s/father/fɑ:ðə/pass/pɑ:s/va/vɑ:z/

arcar/kɑ:/card/kɑ:d/park/pɑ:k/party/pɑ:ti/

/ʌ/ubus/bʌs/cup/kʌp/duck/dʌk/

ocome/kʌm/some/sʌm/mother/mʌðə/

outouch/tʌtʃ/young/jʌŋ/country/kʌtri/

/ɒ/odog/dɒg/not/nɒt/cock/kɒk/shop/ʃɒp/

awant/wɒnt/wash/wɒʃ/what/wɒt/

单元音

/ɔ:/aall/ɔ:l/ball/bɔ:l/call/kɔ:l/tall/ɔ:l/

alchalk/tʃɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/talk/tɔ:k/

orfork/fɔ:k/hor/hɔ:s/sword/sɔ:d/

aucau/kɔ:z/pau/pɔ:z/fault/fɔ:lt/

awdraw/drɔ:/law/lɔ:/hawk/hɔ:k/

/ʊ/ulook/lʊk/put/pʊt/pull/pʊl/sugar/ʃʊgə/

oobook/bʊk/cook/kʊk/good/gʊd/look/lʊk/

/u:/oocool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/

ousoup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/θru:/

uijuice/dʒu:s/fruit/fru:t/

ublue/blu:/glue/glu:/

元音的发音特点是：声带振动

辅音音标

/f/f清辅音farm/fɑ:m/five/faɪv/fire/faɪə/knife/naɪf/

ph清辅音phone/fəʊn/photo/fəʊtəʊ/

/v/v浊辅音five/faɪv/va/vɑ:z/drive/draɪv/very/veri/

/s/c清辅音face/feɪs/ice/aɪs/nice/naɪs/rice/raɪs/

s清辅音e/si:/sit/sit/w/səʊ/study/stʌdi/

/z/s浊辅音va/vɑ:z/plea/pli:z/easy/i:zi/

z浊辅音zip/zip/zoo/zu:/zebra/zebrə/zero/zɪərəʊ/

/θ/th清辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ/

ð/th浊辅音this/ðis/that/ðæt/tho/ðəʊz/the/ði:z/

双元音

/ɜ:/erher/hɜ:/term/tɜ:m/

irbird/bɜ:d/girl/gɜ:l/skirt/skɜ:t/first/fɜ:st/

orword/wɜ:d/work/wɜ:k/

urnur/nɜ:s/fur/fɜ:/

/ə/aabout/əbaut/sofa/səufə/China/tʃainə/

eopen/əupən/travel/’trævəl/

ordoctor/dɒktə/actor/æktə/

erteacher/ti:tʃə/farmer/fa:mə/driver/draɪvə/mother/mʌðə/

双元音

/ɪə/earear/ɪə/dear/dɪə/hear/hɪə/tear/tɪə/

eerbeer/bɪə/deer/dɪə/

/eə/airair/eə/chair/tʃeə/hair/heə/pair/peə/

arecare/keə/dare/deə/share/ʃeə/

earbear/beə/pear/peə/

/ʊə/oorpoor/pʊə/tour/tʊə/

uresure/ʃʊə/assure/ə’ʃʊə/

/ʃ/sh清辅音fish/fɪʃ/ship/ʃɪp/shoes/ʃu:z/wish/wiʃ/

/ʃ/s清辅音sure/ʃʊə/

/ʒ/s浊辅音measure/meʒə/pleasure/pleʒə/

/tʃ/ch清辅音chess/tʃes/child/tʃaɪld/chick/tʃɪk/

/dʒ/g浊辅音age/eɪdʒ/magic/mædʒɪk/page/peɪdʒ/

j浊辅音jam/dʒæm/jeep/dʒi:p/jump/dʒʌmp/

/m/m浊辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ/

/n/n浊辅音no/nəʊ/number/nʌmbə/knee/ni:/nine/naɪn/

/ŋ/ng浊辅音morning/mɔ:nɪŋ/sleeping/sli:piŋ/

双元音音标

/eɪ/acake/keɪk/game/geɪm/plane/pleɪn/take/teɪk/

plate/pleɪt/wake/weɪk/snake/sneɪk/

/əʊ/odon’t/dəʊnt/go/gəʊ/old/əʊld/ro/rəʊz/so/səʊ/

oaboat/bəʊt/coat/kəʊt/road/rəʊd/soap/səʊp/

owblow/bləʊ/show/ʃəʊ/know/nəʊ/snow/snəʊ/

/aɪ/iI/aɪ/bike/baɪk/drive/draɪv/ice/aɪs/knife/naɪf/

ycry/krai/fly/flai/my/mai/try/trai/sky/skai/

uybuy/baɪ/guy/gaɪ/等

其他不规则:eye/aɪ/

/aʊ/oublou/blaʊz/mouth/maʊθ/south/saʊθ/

owcow/kaʊ/flower/flauə/how/haʊ/now/naʊ/

/ɔɪ/oyboy/bɔɪ/soy/sɔɪ/toy/tɔɪ/

oicoin/kɔɪn/noi/nɔɪz/voice/vɔɪs/point/pɔɪnt/

/tr/tr清辅音tree/tri:/train/treɪn/truck/trʌk/true/tru:/

/dr/dr浊辅音drive/draɪv/dragon/drægən/draw/drɔ:/

/ts/ts清辅音boats/bəʊts/coats/kəʊts/cats/kæts/gates/geɪts/

/dz/ds浊辅音beds/bedz/birds/bɜ:dz/hands/hændz/

5个辅音音标

/ǀ/l浊辅音late/leɪt/leg/leg/look/luk/love/lʌv/

/h/h清辅音hat/hæt/hand/hænd/her/hɜ:/how/haʊ/

wh清辅音who/hu:/whole/həʊl/whom/hu:m/who/hu:z/

/r/r浊辅音red/red/rice/raɪs/ro/rəʊz/room/ru:m/

/j/y浊辅音（半元音）yard/jɑ:d/yes/jes/yellow/jeləʊ/you/ju:/

/w/w浊辅音（半元音）we/wi:/wall/wɔ:l/wait/weɪt/window/wɪndəʊ/

whwhat/wɒt/where/weə/white/waɪt/why/waɪ/