rationalize

最新常用经济术语

国民经济NATIONALECONOMY,

中国化chinization

对外经济贸易FOREIGNECONOMIC

RELATIONSANDTRADE

经济指标economicindicators

社会总产值totalproductofsociety

国民生产总值GNP(GrossNational

Product)

国生产总值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)

人均国生产总值GDPpercapita

工农业总产值grossoutputvalueof

industryandagriculture

国民收入nationalincome

购买力平价法purchasingpowerparity

(thefactoftheunitsofmoneyoftwo

differentcountriesbeingequal

财政收入staterevenue

社会商品零售总额totalvolumeofretail

sales

社会零售物价总指数generalretail

priceindex

百分点percentagepoints

"八五"计划the8thFive-YearPlanfor

NationalEconomicandSocial

Development

计划经济plannedeconomy

统购统销statemonopolyoverpurcha

andmarketing

市场经济marketeconomy

指令性计划mandatoryplan

指导性计划guidanceplan

市场调节marketregulation

建立市场经济、法制、监督和廉政"三个机

制"establishoperationalmechanismsof

marketeconomy,rulebylaw,democratic

supervisionandincorruptible

government

抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"

stressprioritiesoveragriculture,

transportationandenergysupply,

educationandscienceandtechnology

实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个

优化"optimizeindustrialstructure,

ecologicalenvironmentandthequality

ofpopulation

第一、二、三产业primary,condaryand

tertiaryindustries

外向型经济export-orientedeconomy

创汇型企业foreignexchange-earning

enterpri

劳动密集型laborintensive

技术、智力、资本密集型technology,

knowledgeorcapitalintensive

高附加值的深加工down-stream

processingwithhighadded-value

优化资源配置optimizeallocationof

resources

生产力productiveforces

生产资料capitalgoods

科研成果产业化industrializationof

rearchfindings

火炬计划TorchPlan

技术入股technologyappraidas

capitalstock

风险投资ventureinvestment/capital

固定资产投资investmentinfixedasts

折旧费depreciationcost

关系民生的产品productsvitaltothe

people’slivelihood

供大于求oversupply

供不应求shortsupply

经济过热overheatedeconomy

抑制炒房地产热stemfrenziedand

speculativetradingintheproperty

market

经济指标economicindicators

社会总产值totalproductofsociety

工农业总产值grossoutputvalueof

industryandagriculture

国民收入nationalincome

生产力productiveforces

生产资料capitalgoods

宏观调控macro-economiccontrol

经济杠杆economiclevers

产业政策industrialpolicy

财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率public

financing,taxation,credit,interest

rate,exchangerate

提高经济效益enhanceeconomic

performance/returns

社会效益socialeffect/returns

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringabout

sustained,stableandcoordinated

development

财政赤字(盈余)budget

deficit(surplus)

外贸出口总额grossforeignexportvalue

外商直接投资协议金额contracted

foreigndirectinvestment

实际利用外资foreigninvestmentin

actualu

三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)

threekindsofenterpriswithforeign

investment:sino-foreignjoint

venture,contractualjointventure

允许外商独资经营allowfullforeign

equityoperation

优惠条件favorableterms

减免税收taxreductionandexemption

合作方式approachestocooperation

出资方式meansofcontributing

investment

合营期限contracttermofajoint

venture

三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)

processingandcompensation

trades(processingwithmaterialsor

givensamples,asmblingsupplied

components)

贸易伙伴tradepartner

转口贸易transittrade

积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验

activelyintroducecapital,

technology,competentprofessionals

andmanagerialexpertiformoutside

交钥匙工程turn-keyproject

招标承包制biddinginvitationcontract

system

招标出售技术bidsfortechnology

公开招标callforbid;tenders

招标单invitationforbid(IFB)

标书biddingdocument

竟标competitivebidding

投标bidforaproject

投标报价书bidproposals

评标bidproposalevaluation

开标bidopening

中标winabid;beawardedatender

拍卖auction

租赁leasing

保税区bondedarea;freetradearea

实行全方位开放practice

multi-directionalopening

统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified

policy,liberalizedoperation,and

equalcompetition

自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制

responsibilityforone’sownprofits

andloss,theintegrationofindustry

andforeigntrade,andthepromotionof

agentsystem

知识产权intellectualpropertyrights

技术转让technologytransfer

可行性研究feasibilitystudy

意向书letterofintent

投资环境investmentenvironment

跨国公司transnationalcorporation

基础设施infrastructure

20年基本实现现代化basicallyachieve

modernizationin20years

发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用

rveasamediumforintroducing

advancedtechnologies,managerial

expertiandqualifiedprofessionals

fromoutside.

招商attractinvestment

招商项目projectproposalsfor

investment

同国际惯例接轨followthe

internationalcodesofpractice;

bring…inlinewiththeinternational

usage

加大改革力度intensifyreforms

一条龙服务onepackagervice

一支笔审批one-chopapproval

我们两市的经济互补性很强。Toagreat

extent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwo

citiesarecomplementarytoeachother.

平等互利，互通有无equalityandmutual

benefit,andtradingofneededgoods

外引联actasanintermediaryfor

introducingforeigncapitaland

establishingdomesticconnections

保持发展后劲bringaboutasustainable

development;sustainmomentumof

development

三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）

"threeconnectionsandoneleveling"

assuringthataconstructionsiteis

connectedtowaterandelectricpower

suppliesandroads,andthattheground

isleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.

瓶颈bottleneck

以工养农uindustrialincometo

financeagriculture

以路养路utollstorepayinvestment

inroadprojects

下放审批权delegatetheauthorityto

examineandapprovetolowerlevels

统而不死，活而不乱ensureaflexible

control

良性循环positivecycle

国民经济的支柱mainstayofthenational

economy

格局初步形成Patternhastakeninitial

shape.

理顺企业的产权关系rationalizethe

propertyrightsrelationshipsof

enterpris

政策性亏损policy-relatedloss

三角债chaindebts

上不封顶，下不保底tnoceilinglimit

andgivenominimumguarantee

企业“工效挂钩”linktotalpayroll

withtheperformanceofanenterpri

生意兴隆/冷淡Businessis

booming/sluggish

质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthy

organization

批量生产massproduction

以销定产limitproductiontomarket

ability

联企业inlandassociatedenterpris

菜篮子工程shoppingbasketproject

国产化percentageofhome-madeparts

配套改革coordinatedreforms

配套措施supportingmeasures

配套工程auxiliaryproject

国配套资金domesticfunds

向基础工业倾斜的政策policyinfavorof

basicindustry

升级换代upgradingandupdating

看好经济增长thinkhighlyofeconomic

growth

行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbe

expected.

行情看涨/跌anticipatelowermarket

price/risingprice

随行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarket

conditions

片面追求发展速度ekanundulyhigh

growthrate

在过渡时期inaperiodoftransition

粗放/集约经营extensive/intensive

operation

基础地位leadingposition

门类齐全coveringextensivefields

存款/贷款余额thebalanceof

deposits/loans

外汇储备foreignexchangererves

贸易顺差tradesurplus

完善的市场和发达的金融体制

well-establishedmarketand

sophisticatedfinancialsystem

消灭失业wipeoutunemployment

降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cool

downtheover-heatedfuturemarketand

restorefinancialorder

紧缩银根tightenthemoneysupply

一位数水平onedigitlevel

保持双边贸易的平衡balancethetwo-way

trade

这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联

系奠定了坚实的基础。Thismeetinglaid

asoundfoundationforthetwocountries

toreinforcetheirconstant/continuous

economicties.

市场疲软amarketslump

库存积压overstockedproducts

国家指令性计划statemandatoryplanning

统一定价unifiedpricetting

国家统配物资materialsallocatedby

state

货币发放theissueofcurrency

规价格秩序standardizethepriceorder

简化流通环节，增加随机检查

simplifycirculationandaddmorerandom

checks

市场机制开始发挥调节作用。Themarket

mechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheir

regulatoryrole.

由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。Grains

arepurchadandsoldbythesameprice

becaucoveredallowancesareturned

intoopenallowance.

导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物

价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。An

importantfactor(contributing

to/resultingin)substantialprice

hikesliesinthegradualliftingof

pricescontrolandthe

structuraladjustmentofprices.