2017英语二答案

1

2017考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案（跨

考版）

考试采取“一题多卷”模式，试题答案顺序不统一，请依据试题

进行核对。

PartA

Directions:

thequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,uranswers

ontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000

krun

phenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400

arefree,staffedby

srangefromfouryearsoldto

grandparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’s

worldrecord13minutes48condsuptoanhour.

2

ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”

rsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthatthe

ng

documentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswould

betolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.

Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemore

berofadultsdoing

weeklysportdidri,bynearly2millionintherun—upto

2012—,

oppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwo

yhasrin

alretrospectionscontinueas

towhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”The

successofParkrunoffersanswers.

Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitor

sasmuch

joyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineas

mpicbidders,by

contrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandto

laimwasmixedup:The

stressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfor

3

newcomers.

Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestate

gettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally

“grassroots”,

thereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegetting

involvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereis

spaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisand

netballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofallthe

cessivegovernmentshave

presidedoverllinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfrom

localauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.

Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneed

leastnotmakethemwor.

ingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas.

[A]gainedgreatpopularity

[B]createdmanyjobs

[C]strengthenedcommunityties

[D]becomeanofficialfestival

【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity

horbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”

hasfailedto.

4

[A]boostpopulationgrowth

[B]promotesportparticipation

[C]improvethecity’simage

[D]increasporthoursinschools

【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation

nisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit.

[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents

[B]focusonmasscompetition

[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers

【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

gardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthat

governmentsshould.

[A]organize“grassroots”sportvents

[B]supervilocalsportsassociations

[C]increafundsforsportsclubs

[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

hor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshave

doneforsportsis.

[A]tolerant

[B]critical

5

[C]uncertain

[D]sympathetic

【答案】[B]critical

Text2

Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suofscreens,it’s

easyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenu.“Techis

designedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinher

studyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsarethereto

sithardtodingage,

andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuofmobilephonesand

tabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsa

ndthatmotherswhosued

devicesduringtheexercistarted20percentfewerverbal

and39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeir

aparateobrvation,shesawthatphones

swouldbe

lookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemaking

excitedbidsfortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotryto

understandtheirworld,andifthofacesareblankand

unresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—

6

y

citesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devidbydevelopmental

,amotherisaskedto

interactwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingona

blankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocial

feedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistresdasshe

triestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thave

tobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobea

balanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandnsitivetoa

child’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”

saysRadesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimlfisconcernedthatthe

worriesaboutkids’uofscreensarebornoutofan

“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshould

alwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:“It’sbadona

somewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-class

ideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexpoyourchildto

30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthat

justbecauachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’t

meanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparents

timetohaveashower,dohouworkorsimplyhaveabreak

s,hesays,cangetalotoutofusing

7

theirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutofthe

nmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemore

availabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.

ingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsare

designedto______.

[A]simplifyroutinematters

[B]absorburattention

[C]betterinterpersonalrelations

[D]increaworkefficiency

【答案】[B]absorburattention

y’sfood-testingexercishowsthatmothers’

uofdevices______.

[A]takesawaybabies’appetite

[B]distractschildren’sattention

[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment

[D]reducesmother-childcommunication

【答案】[D]reducesmother-childcommunication

y’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshow

that_______.

[A]itiasyforchildrentogetudtoblankexpressions

[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotional

exchange

8

[C]childrenareinnsitivetochangesintheirparents’

mood

[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’motional

needs

【答案】[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’s

emotionalneeds

ressiveideologymentionedbyTronick

requiresparentsto_______.

[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear

[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

[D]remainconcernedaboutkid’suofscreens

【答案】[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

ingtoTronick,kid’suofscreensmay_______.

[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime

[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative

[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework

[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive

【答案】[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime

Text3

yoncesaidthatacountry’sGDP

measures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslife

9

worthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,

andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowa

timelymomenttoassswhathewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsufulnesshasannoyed

guethatitisa

uresthingsthatdonotmatterand

recentmeasures,theUK’sGDP

hasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlow

ythingwas

goingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevotefor

Brexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheir

country’conomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilityto

convertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthat

the163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneof

thepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthis

translatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.

RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differenttsof

criteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagement

havebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedasssmentof

howcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,

10

,therehasbeen

abuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,but

inkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,major

sisn’ttheca

lativelypoorEuropeancountries

haveenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivil

society,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDP

isnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’s

success,theworldlooksverydifferent.

So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDP

hasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringthe

economicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolonger

notincludeimportantfactorssuchas

environmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes–allthingsthat

contributetoaperson’snofwell-being.

Thesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldand

intheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayrviceswe

policymakerswhorefocuffortsonimprovingwell-being

ratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoid

theforecasteddoomandmayeveneprogress.

11

yiscitedbecauhe

[A]praidtheUKforitsGDP.

[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.

[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

【答案】[D]hadalowopinionofGDP

einferredfromParagraph2that

[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditconomicpattern.

[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedinthe

UK.

[C]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentionto

GDP.

【答案】[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefied

intheUK.

fthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannual

study?

[A]Itissponsoredby163countries.

[B]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.

[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.

[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.

【答案】[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.

12

asttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat

[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

[C]itisntialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.

【答案】[C]itisntialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

fthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson

[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

[C]y,aTerminatorofGDP

[D]Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being

【答案】[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUK

Lesson

PartA

Directions:

thequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,uranswers

ontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text4

Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthas

overturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginia

13

governor,idsowhileholdingits

noattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedaccepting

giftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefroma

companyekingaccesstogovernment.

Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.

McDonnell’strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyat

his“officialacts,”ortheformergovernor’sdecisionson

“specific”and“unttled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,

unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoofficials,isnot

corruption,thejusticesfound.

Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnfor

openingdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty.”Butunder

anti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,

arranging

ameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan

“officialact”.

Thecourt’srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindof

dleadersmustbeallowed

tohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithout

fearofprocutionforbribery.”Thebasiccompactunderlying

reprentativegovernment,”wroteChiefJusticeJohnRoberts

14

forthecourt,”assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfrom

theirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”

Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheir

electedreprentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityof

alsmustnotbeallowedtoplay

favoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetings

simplybecauanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaign

peofintegrityrequires

well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchas

recordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,and

informationabouteachelectedleader’ssourceofwealth.

Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsof

officials

mustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessfor

ectionscanbebought,

abasicpremiofdemocraticsociety—thatallareequalin

treatmentbygovernment—vernance

restsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeach

individual.

Thecourt’srulingisastepforwardinthestruggle

againstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.

erminedntence(Para.1)mostprobably

15

showsthatthecourt

[A]avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell’sduties.

[B]madenocompromiinconvictingMcDonnell.

[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconduct.

[D]refudtocommentonMcDonnell’thics.

【答案】[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconduct.

ingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemed

corruptiveonlyifitinvolves

[A]leakingcretsintentionally.

[B]sizablegainsintheformofgifts.

[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.

[D]breakingcontractsofficially.

【答案】[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.

rt’srulingisbadontheassumptionthat

publicofficialsare

[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.

[B]qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucratic

issues.

[C]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.

[D]exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.

【答案】[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheir

constituents.

16

-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyare

neededto

[A]awakentheconscienceofofficials.

[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

[C]allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.

[D]inspirehopesinaveragepeople.

【答案】[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

hor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingis

[A]sarcastic.

[B]tolerant.

[C]skeptical.

[D]supportive

【答案】[D]supportive

PartB

Directions:

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethe

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

aphsBand

uranswersonANSWER

SHEET.(10points)

17

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk”

broughttearstoDickens’yeswhenhediscovereditinthe

enonhis

sketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inThe

EveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.

[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitis

generallyknowntoday,curedDickens’ere

PickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacled

hero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.

[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishing

firmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthly

installments,asabackdropforariesofwoodcutsbythe

ten-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedthe

aracteristicconfidence,Dickens

successfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisown

hefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetothe

artistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnot

rmadethechange,went

intohisbackyard,andexpresdhisdispleasureby

sandhispublisherssimplypresd

icnovel,ThePosthumousPapers

ofthePickwickClub,appearedriallyin1836and1837,and

18

wasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.

[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,to

manypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.

Amoralist,satirist,scrafted

complexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethe

panoramaofEnglishsociety.

[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleafromprison,Dickens

hthimlf

shorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourt

ame

time,Dickens,whohadareporter’yefortranscribingthe

lifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd,submitted

shortsketchestoobscuremagazines.

[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland’s

herwasaclerkintheBritishnavypay

office–arespectableposition,

paternalgrandparents,astewardandahoukeeper

possdevenlessstatus,havingbeenrvants,andDickens

’smother

yearsbeforeDicken’sbirth,hismother’sfatherwascaught

stealingandfledtoEurope,ily’s

19

increasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12to

workinWarren’sBlackingWarehou,ashoe-polishfactory,

wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyoung

gentleman.”

humiliationsofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborinthe

blackingfactoryformedDicken’sgreatestwoundandbecame

dnotconfidethemeventohiswife,

althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhis

fiction.

[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.

InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan’sprogressfromthe

asNickleby,

hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththe

ularityofthenovels