overwhelmed

Unit7

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Unit7TheChar

IV

1JustbecauIamabletodoyouafavor/llyouthelovepotion,Ifeelsafetelling

yousomuchaboutmyothermedicines.

2They,thelovepotions,saidtheoldman,willhelpchangethegirl’sattitude

d,shewillbegintogive

youherdeep-feltloveandcare.

I

1feelingverymuchworriedandafraid

2everythingIllcouldbewelldeemedaxtraordinary

3difficulttonotice

4muchmorelastingthanthemomentaryimpul

5withenthusiasm

II

1creaky

2peered

3acquaintance

4detachment

5raptures

6giddy

7overwhelmed

8obliged

III

1obscurity

2acquainted

3perceptible

4apprehension

5indifferent

6rapt

7overwhelmingly

8disobliging

IV

1saveup

2careabout

3indulgesin

4reachedfor

5peeredabout

6dealsin

7wassubstituted

8betteroff

VSynonym/Antonym

1.―Hereisaliquidascolourlessaswater,almosttasteless,quiteimperceptibleincoffee,wine,or

anyotherbeverage…‖

Antonyms:perceptible,perceivable,noticeable

Unit7

2

2.―…Itisalsoquiteimperceptibletoanyknownmethodofautopsy.‖

Synonym:postmortem

3.―Ihopeallyourmixturesarenotaxpensive,‖saidAlanapprehensively.

Synonyms:anxiously,fearfully

4.―Oh,no,‖saidtheoldman.―Theireffectsarepermanent,andextendfarbeyondthemerecasual

impul…‖

Antonyms:temporary,transient

etinymeasureofthistotheyounglady—itsflavourisimperceptibleinorangejuice,

soup,orcocktails—andhowevergayandgiddysheis,shewillchangealtogether.

Antonyms:grave,cheerless

6.―Shewill,lbehersoleinterestinlife.‖

Synonyms:profoundly,rigorously,strongly

7.―Thatwillnothappen,‖saidAlanfervently.

Antonym:apathetically,indifferently

8.―…,no!And,ofcour,shewillnevergiveyoutheleast,the

veryleast,groundsfor—uneasiness."

Synonym:reason

VI

1expect

2have

3accept

4imagine

5was

6workout

7becamepopular

8demanded

Ⅱ.Grammar

1)Fronting&Postponement

InEnglish,thefirstelementinadeclarativentenceisusuallythesubject,butifwewantto

emphasizeanotherelement,uttheobject,thecomplement,the

ngiscommoninparallelstructures.

Theyhavepromidtofinishthework,and[finishit]theywill.(predicateverb)

[Hisface]notmanyadmired,while[hischaracter]stillfewercouldprai.(object)

[Aprofessor]hewas,butinnameonly.(complement)

2)as…as

Ifyouwanttosaythatathingorpersonhasmuchofaqualityassomethingorsomeoneel,you

canuastructurebadontheword―as‖infrontofanadjective/ythisadjective/

adverbisthenfollowedbyaphraorclauwhichalsobeginswith―as‖.

You’rejust[asbadasyoursister].

Conversationwasnearly[asslowasIfeareditwouldbe].

Unit7

3

3)notas/so…as

Thenegativeformof―as…as‖is―notas…as‖or―notso…as‖.Butsomaynotbeud(1)

afterthecontractedformsuchasisn’t,don’t,(2)whenthereareotherlexicalitemsinbetweenthe

negativewordandas…r,whenadverbswithnegativemeanings,suchasnot

nearly,notquite,areuddirectlybeforethecomparativeconstruction,soisusuallyacceptable.

Forexample:

Johnisn’tastallashisfather.

Johnisnotas/sotallashisfather.

MichaeldoesnotswimaswellasPaul.

Michaeldoesnotswimnearlyas/sowellasPaul.

I

1-8CDABBCDC

II

1MusicMarylikes;sportsshedoesn’t.

2Growlyouwill,andgoyoumust

3Theyhavepromidtofinishthework,andfinishittheywill.

4Hisfacenotmanyadmired,whilehischaracterstillfewercouldprai.

5Aprofessorhewas,butinnameonly.

6Hemighthaveagreedunderpressure;willinglyhewouldnever.

7Thisquestionwehavealreadydiscusdatsomelength.

8TalentMikehas;capitalMikehasnot.

III

1Theypronouncedguiltyeveryoneoftheaccud.

2Hehadcalledanidiotthemanonwhojudgmenthenowhadtorely.

3WecannotttotallyasideawholesystemofrulesdevidbyCongressitlf.

4Theproblemthenaroofwhatcontributionthepublicshouldmake.

5Hegavetheparceltothergeantwhooccupiedthetrenchopposite.

6Sendtheparceltomyfathernottomymother.

7Isawonmywayhomeyesterdayamanwithascaracrosshisfacetryingtoescapewithabaghe

hadsnatchedfromalady.

8Itwasmyintentiontoproduceafairlyshortone-volumeintroductiontomanticswhichmight

rvetheneedsofstudentsinveraldisciplinesandmightbeofinteresttothegeneralreader.

ation

1Tome,youaredefinitelymorethananacquaintance.

2Manyartisansinthisregiondealinavarietyofhandicrafts.

3.他们为这次意外的成功而感到欣喜若狂。(gointoraptures)

Explanation:

Ifyougointoraptures,youexpresxtremepleasureandhappinessorexcitement.

Translation:

Theywentintorapturesovertheunexpectedsuccess.

Practice:

得知自己成功的消息后，她感到欣喜万分。

Shewentintorapturesatthenewsofhersuccess.

她为自己首次巴黎之行而感到欣喜若狂。

ShewentintorapturesaboutherfirstvisittoParis.

Unit7

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4.我感到十分惊讶，他用一种超然冷静的态度分析着威胁他们所有人的危险形势。

(detachment)

Explanation:

Detachmentisafeelingofnotbeingemotionallyinvolved

Translation:

Muchtomysurpri,heanalyzedwithextraordinarydetachmentthedangeroussituationthat

threatenedallofthem.

Practice:

对于正在发生的一切，他感到与自己毫无干系。

Hefeltanofdetachmentfromwhatwasgoingon.

他气质超脱。

Hehasanairofdetachment.

5.她躲在窗帘后面窥望陌生人。(peer)

Explanation:

Ifyoupeeratsomething,youlookcarefullyatit,especiallywhenyouhavedifficultyineing

something.

Translation:

Shepeeredatthestrangerfrombehindthecurtain.

Practice:

没有人来开门，她透过窗户费力地向屋内张望，看看有没有人在。

Whennooneansweredthedoor,shepeeredthroughthewindowtoeifanyonewasthere.

司机为了想要看清路牌，费力地向远处张望。

Thedriverwaspeeringintothedistancetryingtoreadtheroadsign.

6Duringtheholidays,heindulgedintheluxuryofabathofsunshineonthebeach.

7.听到他去世的噩耗，她不胜悲哀。(beoverwhelmed)

Explanation:

Ifyouareoverwhelmedbysomething,youarecaudtofeelsuddenstrongemotion.

Translation:

Whenshelearntthenewsofhisdeath,shewasoverwhelmedwithgrief.

Practice:

我为收到的所有鲜花以及声援信而感到万分激动。

IwasquiteoverwhelmedbyalltheflowersandlettersofsupportIreceived.

我内心充满了愧疚。

Iwasoverwhelmedwithguilt.

8.我不赞成用分期付款的方式买房子，恰恰相反，我认为，我们每一个人都应该为不时之

需存点钱。(saveup)

Explanation:

Ifyousaveup,youkeepmoneysothatyoucanbuysomethingwithitinthefuture

Translation:

I’mnotinfavorofbuyingahouontheinstallmentplan;instead,Imaintainthateveryoneofus

shouldsaveupforarainyday.

Practice:

Unit7

5

我花了很长时间才攒够去欧洲旅行的钱。

IttookmeagestosaveupenoughmoneytogotravelinginEurope.

他正在攒钱，想要买辆新自行车。

He’ssavingupforanewbike.

Ⅳ.ExercisforIntegratedSkills

ion

Rumoristhemostprimitivewayofspreadingstories/bypassingthemonfrommouthto

mouth./Butcivilizedcountriesinnormaltimes/havebettersourcesofnewsthanrumor./Theyhave

radio,television,andnewspapers./Intimesofstressandconfusion,however,/rumoremergesand

becomeswidespread./Atsuchtimesthedifferentkindsofnewsareincompetition:/thepress,

television,andradioversusthegrapevine./

Rumorsareoftenrepeated/evenbythowhodonotbelievethetales./Thereisafascination

aboutthem./Thereasonisthatthecleverlydesignedrumor/givexpressiontosomethingdeepin

theheartsofthevictims:/thefears,suspicions,forbiddenhopes,/ordaydreamswhichtheyhesitate

tovoicedirectly./Pessimisticrumorsaboutdefeatanddisastersshow/thatpeoplewhorepeatthem

areworriedandanxious./Optimisticrumorsaboutrecordproductionorpeace/aresooncomingpoint

tocomplacencyorconfidence/—andoftentooverconfidence.

eachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEwordyouthinkappropriate.

―Shesaidthatshewoulddancewithme(1)______Ibroughtherredros,‖criedtheyoung

student,―butinallmygardenthereis(2)______redro.‖

Fromhernestintheholm-oaktreethenightingaleheardhim,andshelookedout(3)______the

leaves,andwondered.

―Noredroinallmygarden!‖hecried,andhisbeautifuleyesfilled(4)______tears.―Ah,on

whatlittlethings(5)______happinessdepend!Ihavereadall(6)______thewimenhavewritten,

andallthecretsofphilosophyaremine,yetfor(7)______ofaredroismylifemadewretched.‖

―(8)______atlastisatruelover,‖saidtheNightingale.―NightafternighthaveI(9)______of

him,thoughIknewhimnot;nightafternighthaveItoldhisstorytothestars,(10)______nowIe

risdarkasthehyacinth-blossom,andhislipsareredastheroofhisdesire;(11)

______passionhasmadehisfacelikepaleivory,andsorrowhastheral(12)______hisbrow.

re(13)______thanemeralds,

maynotbepurchadofthemerchants,(14)______canitbeweighedoutinthebalanceforgold.‖

Keys:

（

(1)WouldexpresstheconditionalmoodindicatingtheconquenceofanimaginedeventI

ntencelacksaconjunctionintroducingaconditionalclau.

(2)Afterbut,firstntenceofthethirdparagraphrepeats

thesameidea.

Unit7

6

(3)Herefollowinglookedout,veshintatawordtomean―not

lookingdirectlyatsomething‖.

(4)Afterfilled,whichmeans―caudtobecomefullofsomething‖,weneedapreposition.

(5)Toemphasizewhatlittlethings,thenormalorderofwordsisreverd,whichshouldbe

―happinessdependsonwhatlittlethings.‖Andhereintheinversionstructureweneedan

auxiliaryverbtoindicatethesimpleprentten.

(6)Afterthepronounall,whichmeans―everything‖here,weneedarelativepronountointroduce

anattributiveclau.

(7)Afterprepositionfor,weneedanountoformaphrameaning―alackordeficiencyof

something‖toechotheideanoredroinallmygarden.

(8)Thentenceindicatesthesituationishappeningthatweatlasthaveatruelover.

(9)ThesimplepasttenudintheadverbialclauthoughIknewhimnotindicatesthathaveisa

eedthepastparticipleofaverbwhichsharesasimilar

meaningastoldhisstoryintheparallelstructureafterthemicolon.

(10)Thispartofthentencesharesasimilarstructurewiththeotherpartinfrontofthemicolon.

Judgingfromthelogicofthisntence,weneedaconjunctiontoconnecttwoclauswhenthe

condnowIehimreferstosomethingthathappensafterthefirstnightafternighthaveItold

hisstorytothestars.

(11)Weneedaconjunctiontointroduceanideacontrastingwithdarkhyacinth-blossomandred

ro.

(12)Sorrowhastheralmeans―sorrowhasmadehermark‖,afterthephrawewon’thesitateto

expect―where‖.

(13)anadjectivethatsharesthesame

meaningwithdear,andatthesametimeitscomparativehastobeMOREX.

(14)Weneedaconjunctionbeforethecondofthetwoalternatives,thefirstbeingintroducedbya

negativenot,toindicatethattheyareeachuntrue.

Ⅵ.Writing

EssayWriting:HowtoWriteaPersuasiveEssay

Purpo:Toconvince

ThestructureofYourArguments:

thepointofargument,

theexplanationoftheargument,

facts/evidencethatsupporttheidea/thesis,and

asmallsummaryleadingtothenextargument.

Sample:Apersuasiveessay

DrillingForOil:ToBeOrNotToBe?

Unit7

7

①TheArcti

influentialpeopleintheoilbusinessconsidertherefugeanidealsiteforthearchofoil,andsome

governmentofficialsalsobelievethatAmericanswillbenefitfromtheoilthatliesunderthe

rview,theoilwillhelpscaledownsoaringfuelpricesand

reducetheimporttomeetourneedforoil.

②withenvironmentalistswhofearthat

drillingwilldisturbthemigrationofmorethan130,ring,thecariboutravel400

areaoftherefuge,tion,

asmallamountof

oilworththeriskdrillingpostotheanimals?

③dofdrillingforoil,weshoulddecreaour

allworktogethertocutbackontheoilweuin

ordertoconrvethewildlifeoftheArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge.

SampleAnalysis

Thesampleisathree-paragraphessay.

Thetitlequestionsthereaderwhetherdrillingshouldtakeplaceornot.

Paragraph①raisanissueandincludestheoppositeviewregardingit.

Paragraph②writersupportshisopinionwithstrongideasand

evidences.

Paragraph③concludesbysuggestingasolutiontotheraidproblem.

Practice

Writeapersuasiveessayonthegiventopic:

Thinkandprovethatlivinginabigcityisbetterthanlivinginasmalltown(orviceversa).

Sample:

retwobasicchoicesfor

aplacetolive:othhavetheirownadvantages,Iwouldprefer

ypreferenceonthefactthatbigcitiesaremoreconvenientthansmall

towns,andinbigcitiestherearemorechancestoexperienceculturaleventsandentertainment.

Tobeginwith,

livinginsmalltownsoftenhavedifficultiesgettingfromplacetoplacebecauofalackof

elersmissascheduledbusortrain,theymayhavetowaitforalongtimebefore

r,inbigcitiesavarietyoftransportationchoices,includingbus,

subwaysandtaxis,varietyofshoppingchoicesarealsoavailabletobigcities,

livinginurbanareascanbuyanythingthey

needatanytimeoftheday,butinruralareastheshoppingchoicesareverylimitedandpeopleusually

havetogotoothertownsorcitiesinordertopurchaparticularitems.

Anotheradvantageoflivinginabigcityisthatpeoplehavemoreopportunitiesforcultural

sofculturaleventsandentertainment,itisoftenofbetter

becautherearemorepatrons,whichmeansthe

iesalsoprovideagreatervarietyof

events,eoftheabundanceofentertainment

venues,bigcitieshavemoreeventscomparedtosmalltowns,whichhavefewerplacestoholdevents.

Unit7

8

Furthermore,itiasytoattendtheculturaleventsinbigcitiesduetothebettermodesof

transportation.

Inconclusion,thoughtherearecertainlyadvantagestolivinginasmalltown,Iprefertoliveina

becaubigcitiesareconvenientintermsoftransportationandshoppingandthey

tisnicetovisitruralareasforfreshair

andtogetawayfromcrowds,Iprefertoliveinabigcityforthepreviouslymentionedreasons.

SectionFiveFurtherEnhancement

-inQuestion

Consideringitstime-honoredhistory,Chineculturetendstobecomparedtoanoldmaninhis

sveryintriguingtofindoutthatChinepeopleasawholeare

tolerant,practical,lackcouragetotakerisks,whichjustremblethecharactersoftheelderly

youthinkofChinepeople’snational

character?

2

QuestionsforDiscussion1．HowdoesAristotledefineexpectationandmemoryrespectively?How

doyouinterpretexpectationandmemory?

twotypesofpeople,thefirsttypebeingthodrivenbyreasoningandtheothertype

motivatedbymoralgoodness,normallyrespondtocircumstances?

thepossiblechiefcaubehindhesitationandindecisionoftheelderly?

ecialcharacteristicsaretheelderlyapttodisplayinactualities?

KeytoQuestionsforDiscussion

tleholdsthatayoungmanisamanofexpectation,forhehasalongfutureaheadofhim,and

anelderlymanisamanofmemory,ngmantendstobe

confident,forabrightandpromisingfutureisalwaysinspiringandanelderlyislikelytobecautious,

manislessburdened,forheisnot

burdenedwithtoomanymemories,andanelderlymanisliabletobemoreburdened,forhehastoo

manisapttocommiterrorsandrunintoblunders,forheisnot

adearteacherofrichexperienceshimlfandanelderlymanislessliabletocommitgravemistakes,

forhemusthavelearntsomanylessonsinlife.

holiketoreasontendtobedeepandsophisticated,sotheyarenormallyslowandcautious

intheirrespontocircumstances,fortheytakeintocarefulaccountwhatconquencestheirrespon

mayleadtowhilethowhogivetopprioritiestomoralgoodnesstendtobequickintheirresponto

circumstancesforanythingnobleandgreatcangettheirpositiveresponpromptlyandanything

lowlyandignoblecancautheirnegativeresponinnotime.

erlymighthaveexperiencedmanyfrustrationsinlife,manyofwhichwerebeyondtheir

ult,ore,whenfacedwithachoiceinlife,they

tendtoshowhesitationandindecision.

erlyareengagedmoreincontemplationratherthanaction,fortheyprefertoreasonthanto

feel;theyaremorecynicalanddistrustful,fortheyhaveentoooftentheworsideofhumannature;

theyaremoderateinlifeattitude,sotheydisplayneitherintenlovenorintenhateinnormal

circumstances.

bleQuotes

Unit7

9

Lovelivesonhope,anddieswhenhopeisdead.

—PierreCorneille

Thelovewegiveawayistheonlylovewekeep.

—ElbertHubbard

Lovelooksnotwiththeeyes,butwiththemind;

AndthereforeiswingedCupidpaintedblind.

—WilliamShakespeare

AboutPierreCorneille,ElbertHubbardandWilliamShakespeare

PierreCorneille(1606-1684)hasbeencalled―thefounderofFrenchtragedy‖andhewasoneofthe

threegreatventeenth-centuryFrenchdramatists,alongwithMolièreandRacine.

ElbertGreenHubbard(1856-1915)wasanAmericanwriter,publisher,artist,

wasaninfluentialexponentoftheArtsandCraftsmovementandis,perhaps,mostfamousforhis

essayAMessagetoGarcia.（

Unit7

10

WilliamShakespeare(1564–1616)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthe

greatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld’spre-eminentdramatist.

AMotionforDebate:Loveisblind.

Guidance

Propositionside:

①Manypeopleknowlittleabouttheirpartnerswhentheyfallinlovewiththem.

②Manyotherpeoplechootoignoretheirdifferencesinsocialbackground,age,educationallevel

oreventheirpartners’riousproblemsinpersonality.

③Manypeople’smirablemarriagesarearesultofblindlove.

Oppositionside:

①Synonymsforlovecanbepassion,impul,compulsion,lovenotnecessarilybeingblind.

②Peoplewillnotjusttakealikingtosomeonesimilartothem,andtheyareoftenattractedbya

enpeoplelookbeyonddifferencestheyhaveabetter

chancetofindtheirtruelove.8

③Marriagedoesn’thavetobearesultoflove,sotherecanbemanyotherreasonsbehindthefailure

ofamarriage.