职称英语考试网

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2016职称英语考试真题及答案

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线

部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、Haveyoutalkedtoher?lately?

y

y

ly

2、About?onequarterof?theworkersinthecountryare

employedinfactories.

nth

3、Thedentisthasdecidedto?extract?herbadtooth.

t

4、Weshallkeepthemoneyina?cure?place.

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t

5、Thistableisstrongand?durable.

-lasting

ive

ching

l

6、Heenduredagoniesbeforehefinally?expired.

ed

ted

7、Thereareonlyfiveminutesleft,butthe?outcome?of

thematchisstillindoubt.

ent

tion

8、Thegreatchangesofthecity?astonished?everyvisitor

tothatcity

ed

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d

ted

sted

9、Howdoyou?accountfor?yourabncefromtheclasslast

Thursday?

n

e

10、Shewas?grateful?tohimforbeingsogoodtoher.

l

l

ful

ul

11、Thecityhasdecidedto?doawaywith?alltheold

buildingsinitscenter.

of

12、Peoplefrommanyplaceswere?drawn?tothecitybyits

growingeconomy.

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d

d

ted

13、Heis?certain?thatthedictionaryisjustwhatIwant.

ul

d

14、Ourlivesare?intimately?boundupwiththeirs.

y

lly

y

15、Thesoldier?displayed?remarkablecourageinthe

battle.

d

d

第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做

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出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是

错误信患，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

回答16-22题：

EasyLearning

ydobabiesgettodoze

theirdaysaway,butthey’vealsomasteredthefineartof

learningintheirsleep.

Bythetimebabiesareayearoldtheycanrecognialot

heourattheUniversity

ofTurkuinFinlandsuspectedthattheymightprogressthisfast

becautheylearnlanguagewhiletheysleepaswellaswhen

theyareawake.

Totestthetheory,Cheourandhercolleaguesstudied45

pod

alltheinfantstoanhourofFinnishvowelsounds—onethat

soundslike“oo”,anotherlike“ee”andathirdboundary

vowelpeculiartoFinnishandsimilarlanguagesthatsounds

ordingsoftheinfantsbrains

beforeandafterthessionshowedthatthenewbornscouldnot

distinguishthesounds.

Fifteenofthebabiesthenwentbackwiththeirmothers,

up

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waxpodthroughouttheirnight-timesleepinghourstothe

samethreevowels,whiletheotherslistenedtoother,

easier-to-distinguishvowelsounds.

Whentestedinthemorning,andagainintheevening,the

babieswho’dheardthetrickyboundaryvowelallnightshowed

brainwaveactivityindicatingthattheycouldnowrecogni

uldidentifythesoundevenwhenitspitch

waschanged,whilenoneoftheotherbabiescouldpickupthe

boundaryvowelatall.

Cheourdoesn’tknowhowbabiesaccomplishthisnight-time

learning,butshesuspectsthatthespecialabilitymight

indicatethatunlikeadults,babiesdon’t“turnoff”their

llprobablyfadesin

thecourofthefirstyearoflife,sheadds—soforgetthe

ideathatyoucanpickuptrickyFrenchvowelsasanadultjust

leitmay

nothelpgrown-ups,Cheourishopingtouthesleepinghours

togiveremedialhelptobabieswhoaregeneticallyatriskof

languagedisorders.

16、Babiescanlearnlanguageevenintheirsleep.

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tioned

17、Aninfantcanrecognizealotofvowelsbythetimeheor

sheisayearold.

tioned

18、Finnishvowelsareeasytodistinguish.

tioned

19、ThethreevowelsmentionedinthisarticleareallFinnish

sounds.

tioned

20、Thestudyshowsthattheinfant’scerebralcortexis

workingwhileheisasleep.

tioned

21、ut

alanguagetapeunderhispillow.

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tioned

22、Cheour’sfindingisworthless.

tioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6

个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从

所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

回答23-30题：

ScreenTest

EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raysto

happenarlyecough,

ingtoa

surveypublishedlastyear,21countrieshavescreening

them,includingAustralia,Canada,theUS

andSpain,screenwomenunder50.

Butthemedicalbenefitofscreeningtheyoungerwomen

arecontroversial,partlybecautheradiationbringsasmall

,youngerwomenmustbegiven

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higherdosofX-raysbecautheirbreasttissueisdenr.

RearchersatthePolytechnicUniversityofValencia

analydtheeffectofscreeningmorethan160,000womenat11

stimatingthewomen’scumulativedoof

radiation,theyudtwomodelstocalculatethenumberofextra

cancersthiswouldcau.

ThemathematicalmodelrecommendedbyBritain’sNational

RadiologicalProtectionBoard(NRPB)predictedthatthe

screeningprogrammewouldcau36cancersper100,000women,

elpreferredbytheUNScientific

CommitteeontheEffectsofAtomicRadiationled,toalower

figureof20cancers.

Therearchersarguethatthelevelofradiation-induced

cancersis“notverysignificant”comparedtothefarlarger

encia

programme,theysay,detectsbetween300and450casofbreast

cancerinevery100,000womenscreened.

Buttheypointoutthattheriskofwomencontractingcancer

fromradiationcouldbereducedbybetween40and80percent

ifscreeningbeganat50insteadof45,becautheywouldbe

ultsoftheirstudy,they

suggest,couldhelp“optimithetechnique”forbreast

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cancerscreening.

“Thereisatrade-offbetweenthediagnosticbenefitsof

breastscreeninganditsrisks.”admitsMichaelClarkofthe

NRP

arnsthatthestudyshouldbeinterpretedwith

caution.“Onthebasisofthecurrentdata,forevery10cancers

successfullydetectedandpreventedthereisariskofcausing

’swhyradiationexposureshouldbe

minimidinanyscreeningprogramme.”

23、Paragraph2_____

24、Paragraph3_____

25、Paragraph4_____

26、Paragraph5_____

reeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman

igatingtheEffectofScreening

sPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels

iskofInducingCancersfromRadiation

entofCancers

sThatTriggerCancers

27、Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay_____.

28、Advantagesofscreeningwomenunder50are_____.

29、Delayingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay_____.

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30、Radiationexposureshouldbe_____.

ly

l

ife

pentodebate

theriskofradiationtriggeringacancer

dtotheminimum

第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每

题确定1个最佳选项。

回答31-45题：

PsychologyofShopping

l,

drugs,certainfoods,whohavesuch

additionarecompulsive,veaverypowerful

compulsion,likemostothers,isirrational-impossibleto

pulsivespenderswhobuyon

credit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.

Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,

leasureinspendingenormous

amountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfrom

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sspecialpsychologyofbargain

money,0fcour,mostpeoplearchforsales,

sivebargainhunters,

however,oftenbuythingstheydon'tneedjustonlybecauthey

lievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,but

theyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame:whentheycanbuy

somethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyare

ople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheir

behavior:agoodreasonforthingsthattheydoandthereal

one.

Ofcour,itisnotonlyscientistswhounderstandthe

psychologyofspendinghabits,,

companies,andadvertirsupsychologytoincrea

business:theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,or

influence,theirbasicvalue,theirbeliefsandopinions,and

logistscan

oftenuamethodcalled"behaviortherapy"tohelp

ameway,

theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswith

money.

Theword"compulsive"(Line2,Para.1)

probably-means__________.

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ary

sory

cated

l

32、Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestpleasureof

crazyshoppingforacompulsivespenderis__________.

hingstheywant

theirstrongpsychologicalneed

dalotofmoney

theirbasicneeds

33、Accordingtothepassage,compulsivebargainhunters

constantlyarchforthelowestpossibleprices__________.

etheyfeelsatisfiediftheyspendlessmoneythan

others

etheyhavemoneyproblem

etheyliketoshowofftheirsuccessingetting

thingsforlessmoney

etheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudget

34、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingis

true?__________.

pleonlybuythingstheyneed.

sinesspeopleandadvertirsincreasales

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throughusingpsychology.

istsunderstandpsychologybetterthanbusiness

people.

sivespenderscannevergetanyhelptosolvetheir

ney.

35、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?__________.

ofthepsychologyofspendingmoneyinbusiness.

alpsychologyofbargaining.

dtohelpcompulsivespenderstosolvetheproblem

ofmoney.

chologyofmoney-spendinghabits.

36、回答36-50题：

LifetimeEmploymentinJapaneCompanies

InmostlargeJapanecompanies,thereisapolicyof

ismeansisthatwhenpeopleleave

schooloruniversitytojoinanenterpri,theycanexpectto

ct,the

employeegetsjobcurityforlife,andcanonlybefiredfor

timesofbusinessrecession,

heorsheisfreefromthefearofbeinglaidoff.

OneresultofthispracticeisthattheJapaneworker

identifiesclolywithhiscompanyandfeelsstrongloyalty

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inghardforthecompany,hebelievesheis

tsurprisingthatdevotion

toone'scompanyisconsideredagreatvirtueinJapan.

ftenpreparedtoputhisfirm'sinterestsbefore

thoofhisimmediatefamily.

Thejobcurityguaranteedbythissysteminfluencesthe

ndtothinkinterms

becautheyarenotjudgedonhowtheyareperformingduring

naffordto,takealonger

perspectivethantheirWesterncounterparts.

Thismarriagebetweentheemployeeandthecompany-the

conquenceoflifetimeemployment-mayexplainwhyJapane

workersempositivelytolovetheproductstheircompanyis

producingandwhytheyarewillingtostayonafterwork,for

littleovertimepay,toparticipateinearnestdiscussions

aboutthequalitycontroloftheirproducts.

LifetimeemploymentintheJapanecompanymeansthatthe

employee__________.

hiscompanyonlywhenbusinessisbad.

obsoonafterheleavesschooloruniversity.

ktherethroughouthiscareer,

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ehisriousmistakesinworkcorrected.

37、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

andcompanyinterestsareequallyimportant

aneworkerisveryloyaltohiscompany.

'sfutureisguaranteedthroughhardwork.

ontoone'scompanyincouraged……

38、Lifetimeemploymentinfluencesone's__________.

ementsatwork.

manceatwork.

options.

detowardwork.

39、TheJapaneworkerisfondofhiscompany'sproducts

becauof__________.

riagewiththedaughterofthepresident.

linkbetweenhimandhiscompany.

lingnesstoworkovertime.

iveparticipationinqualitycontrol,

40、Thepassagemainlydiscuss__________.

etimeemploymentworksinJapan.

nefitslifetimeemploymenthasbroughtto

Japaneworkers.

fetimeemploymentis.

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etimeemploymentisviewed.

回答41-55题：

DreamsofFlight

Thestoryofman'sdreamofflight,ofhisdesiretoreach

thestars,ingtoGreeklegend,

issonhadbeenkept

rtoescape,Daedalusshapedwingsofwax

(2)theirflight,his

rownedin

herwassuppodtohavecontinuedhisflight

andreachedSicily,veralhundredmilesaway.

ThereisalsoanEnglishlegendofKingBladudwho,during

hisruleintheninthcentury

B.

C.,flightwasshort-livedand

amofflyingcontinued,butinall

thelegends,theflierrolikeabirdonlytofalllikea

hundredsofyearsthatmenflewupintotheair

andreturnedtoearthsafely.

Thefirstmantoapproachflyingonascientificbasiswas

ed

attheairaboutusasaa,andhebelievedthataballoon

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four

hundredyearslater,anItalianpriestappliedhisprinciple

gnedaboat,whichwouldbeheldinthe

airbyfourhollowspheres(空心球).achofthefourballswas

tobe20feetindiameter(直径)

hisboatwasneverbuiltsinceitwasnotpossibletomake

spheresofsuchthinmetalandsuchsizeinthodays.

Afterstudyingtheflightofbirdsandthemovementofthe

air,agreatscientistofthefifteenthcenturyconcludedthat

birdsflewbecautheyflapped(摆动)theirwingsandthatit

dofflapping-wing

ntriedandfailedtofly

otuntil1890thatpeople

discoveredwhythismethodwouldneversucceed-mancouldnot

developsufficientpowerwithhisarmsandlegs.

HowdidDaedalusmanagetoescapetoSicily,accordingto

thepassage?

edtheguardsandgotoutoftheisland.

metorescuehimandtookhimaway.

cametorescuehimandtookhimaway.

wingsofwaxandflewawayfromtheisland.

42、AccordingtotheEnglishlegend,KingBladudlosthis

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lifebecau__________.

toofar.

toohigh.

totheground,

itbyastone.

43、Thefirstscientificairflightwasdesigned

by__________.

.

ishman.

.

ian.

44、Thepriestfailedtobuildtheboatbecau__________.

dnotraienoughmoney.

ignwasnotscientific.

dnotfindenoughcopper.

spherescouldnotbemadeasdesigned

45、Accordingtothelastparagraph,mancouldnotflywith

flapping-wingflyingmachinesbecau__________.

dnotdevelopadequatepowerwithhisarmsand

legs.

nothingaboutthemovementoftheair.

remadeofheavymetal.

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remadeoflightfeathers.

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，

请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

回答46-50题：

TheBuildingofthePyramids

Theoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethe

pyramids.__________(46)Thereareovereightyofthem

scatteredalongthebanksoftheNile,someofwhichare

tfamousof

thearethe"Step"pyramidandthe"Bent"pyramid.

Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymust

thedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmen

whowerelookingfortreasureor,moreoften,forstonetou

inmodernbuildings.__________(47).Thearegoodreasonswhy

theycanstillbeentoday,butperhapsthemostimportant

isthattheywereplannedtolastfor

ever.__________(48).However,therearenowritingsorpictures

toshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramids

themlves.__________(49)

Nevertheless,byexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarious

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toolsWhichhavebeenfound,archaeologistshaveformeda

fairlyclearpictureofthem.

Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcareful

planningbeforetheycouldbegintobuild.__________(50)You

maythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofempty

dertaround,butapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjust

nruleshadtobefollowed,andcertainproblems

hadtobeovercome.

climateofEgypthashelpedtoprervethe

pyramids,andtheirveryshapehavemadethemlesslikelyto

fallintoruin.

acticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthe

buildingofthepyramidsbecautheplansofotherlargeworks

havefortunatelybeenprerved.

stthingtheyhadtodowastochooasuitable

place.

uently,weareonlyabletoguessatthemethods

ud.

oplewerekilledwhilebuildingthepyramids.

vestoodfornearly5,000years,anditems

likelythattheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyears

yet.

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________

47、________

48、________

49、________

50、________

第6部分：完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个

最佳选项。

回答51-65题：

Transportation

Formanyyearsinthedert,camelsUdtobetheonly

formoftransportation(运输).Beforethe(51)ofmoderntrains,

cameltrainsudtocarryallthegoodsfortradingbetween

ssometimes(52)toput

togethercameltrainswith10,000to15,imal

oftencarried(53)400poundsandcouldtraveltwentymilesa

rmoftransportationwassoimportantthatcamels

werecalledthe"shipsofthe(54)."

Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedertinavery(55)

inecanpullasmuchweightas135,000(56).In

addition,erator

carscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarry

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animals;andtankcarscarryoil.

Airtravelhaschanged,liestplaneswere

biplanes(双翼飞机),with(57)speedof

otsudtositorlie

ne(58)sometimesstopped

tobe(59)toflyinbad

orinrain,thewingsfrequentlybecame

eplanemightgodown.

MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchanged

anes(单翼飞机)tookthe(60)of

,even

(61)peoplewerebe

abletotravelinairplanes.

r

improvementshave(62)thecostofflying,andtheyhavemade

airtravel(63)saferthanitudtobe.

Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600miles

(64)udtoeat,sleep,orwatchmovieson

airplanes.(65)thethingsareanormalpartofairtravel!

51、

52、

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53、as

54、

55、

56、

57、

58、

59、ible

60、y

61、sional

62、d

63、

64、

65、r