something,anything及nothing特殊用法归纳
作者:李生辉
众所周知,英语中something常用于肯定句中,anything常用于否定句中,nothing表
否定。但在高考阅读中遇到含有这些词的一些句子时,学生们常感到莫名其妙,难以理解。
如:
htthinkthat“globalwarming”meansnothingmorethanariintheworld’s
temperature.(2005D篇)
ll,Ed’sideaofexercihasalwaysbeennothingmoreeffort-makingthanliftinga
forktohismouth.(2003完形填空)
danuneasyfeelinghehadsomethingthere.(2002完形填空)
本文拟就这些词的特别用法加以总结,相信会对大家有所裨益。
一、something
1.表示“不简单的事;可观的成绩;有些地位的人”。例如:
Shethinksshe’ssomethingsinceshewonthebeautycontest.(有些地位的人)
Wemustbelievethateachofusisabletodosomethingwell,andthat,whenwediscover
whatthissomethingis,wemustworkuntilwesucceed.(不简单的事)
2.用于一些动词短语中:
1)havesomethingon拿着某人的把柄。例如:
AlthoughMissBrownisnotagoodworker,herbossdoesnotfireherbecaushehas
somethingonhim.
2)makesomethingof小题大做;瞎猜测;凭……吵架/生气;看懂意思。例如:
Whengirlseanothergirlwithaboy,theyoftentrytomakesomethingofit.
Anndidn’edtomakesomethingofwhatMarysaid.
Iapologizefortheuntidinessofmyletter,butIhopeyoucanmakesomethingofit.
3)makesomethingofonelf/one’slife取得成功,有出息。例如:
He’sacleverboy——Ihopehe’llmakesomethingofhimlf.
4)esomethingofsomeone有时见到某人。例如:
Ihopewe’llesomethingofyounowthatyoulivenearby.
5)somethingtellsme我想/感到;我有理由相信。例如:
Somethingtellsmemywatchisn’tquiteright.
Somethingtellsmeshe’slying.
6)have/besomethingtodowith和……有关/联系。例如:
IthinkGuyFawkesis/hassomethingtodowithaplantoblowupParliament.
3.其它固定短语
1)orsomething……之类的人(东西、情况等)。例如:
sashopkeeperorsomething.
Ihearhehasbrokenanarmorsomething.
InthemorningmystudentsalwaysreadEnglishorsomething.
2)somethingfornothing不冒风险(不下功夫)就有收获。例如:
Somepeoplewillneverlearnthatyoucan’tgetsomethingfornothing.
3)somethinglike大约,约摸;有点像。例如:
Itcostsomethingliketenpounds.
Thebuildinglookedsomethinglikeachurch.
4)something/anythinglike(=inanyway;similarly)相似的;大致如此。例如:
Iethemonceeverytwomonths,orsomethinglikethat.
I’llwhistlethetuneforyou;itgoessomethinglikethis.
Heisn’tanythinglikemyfirstboss.
5)somethingof(=tosomedegree)有点……;可说是一个;在某种程度上是。例如:
Thesoldierfoundhimlfsomethingofaherowhenhereturnedtohisvillage.
Shefoundherlfsomethingofacelebrity.
—he?
—Somethingofamanager.
6)somethingto/in(话里)有些道理。例如:
Thereissomethingto/inwhatyousay:I’lltakeyouradvice.
AndIhadanuneasyfeelinghehadsomethingthere.(深刻道理)
二、anything
1.用于成语中
1)beanythingbut(=definitelynot)表程度,意为“绝对不/根本不是/一点也不”。例
如:
Idon’tmeanhe’slazy—anythingbut!
Hewasanythingbutahero/polite.他根本不是英雄/他一点也不礼貌。
Thehotelwasanythingbutsatisfactory.
Aloneinadertedhou,hewassobusywithhiswritingthathefeltanythingbutlonely.
2)be(as)...asanything(口语)……不得了。例如:
It’s(as)easyasanything.
3)ifanything如果有什么不同的话。例如:
Ifanything,mynewjobisharderthanmyoldone.
4)likeanything(=verymuch,successfully)表程度(拼命地/非常地/像……似地)。
例如:
Thethiefranlikeanythingwhenhesawthepoliceman.
They’realwaysslaggingmeofflikeanything.他们经常把我骂得狗血喷头。
5)oranything或是其他别的事。例如:
IfBernardwantstocallmeoranything,I’llbehereallday.
三、nothing
1.用于一些动词短语中:
1)benothingto
a.不引起……的兴趣,对……无所谓(相当于meannothingto)。例如:
Thenewsis/meansnothingtohim.他对这消息不感兴趣/无所谓。
b.无法和……相比。例如:
Mylossarenothingtoyours.
2)cometonothing失败,没有结果。例如:
Allhisschemescametonothing.
3)havenothingon不比……强。例如:
Eventhoughsheisolder,JanehasnothingonPeterinschool.
4)havenothingtodowithsb.和……没关系。例如:
Thishasnothingtodowithyou.
5)makenothingof
a.不在意,觉得……没什么。例如:
Hemakes/thinksnothingofwalking15miles.
b.一点也不懂。例如:
Icouldmakenothingofwhathesaid.
6)meannothingto对……没有意义。
Thetechnicalwordsmeannothingtome.
b.不引起兴趣,对……无所谓(相当于benothingto)。例如:
HeudtolikeJanebutshemeans/isnothingtohimnow.
7)gofornothing白费。例如:
Allourworkhasgonefornothing.
Whattheteachersaidwentfornothingbecauthepupilsdidnotpayattention.
8)nothingdoing不行。例如:
“Willyoulendme10dollars?”“Nothingdoing.”
9)nothingsucceedslikesuccess.一事成功什么都顺利。例如:
gsucceedslikesuccess.
10)Nothingtodowith和……没关系。例如:
Thatideahas/isnothingtodowithme.
11)thinknothingof觉得……不怎么样;不在乎;觉得没什么。例如:
Hethoughtnothingofthepoem.
12)Thinknothingofit.不用谢,没关系。例如:
“Youdidn’tmindmyusingyourtypewriter?”“Ofcournot!Thinknothingofit!”
13)tosaynothingof还不说,除了。例如:
Itisawell-paidjob,tosaynothingoftheshorthours.
Hehadhiswifeandvenchildrenwithhiminthecar,tosaynothingoftwodogs,acatand
aparrot.
2.其它固定短语
1)fornothing
a.免费,不花代价,没花钱。例如:
Theywillrepairthebuildingfortheoldmanfornothing.
Igotthisbicyclefornothing:afriendgaveittome.
Childrenunder5cantravelfornothing.
b.白白地,白费。例如:
Wehavetakenallthistroublefornothing.
Allthepreparationwasfornothingbecauthevisitwascancelled.
c.无缘无故地。例如:
Theyquarrelledfornothing.
2)nothingbut(=only)只有,只不过。例如:
Don’thavehimforafriend:he’snothingbutacriminal.
Nothingbutamiraclecansavehernow.
Iwantnothingbutthevestformyfriends.
3)nothingforit没有别的办法。例如:
Withthebridgedestroyed,therewasnothingforitbuttoswim.
4)nothingifnot(=very)非常,极其。例如:
Theyoungdoctorisnothingifnotwi.
Theholidaywasnothingifnotvaried.
That’snothingifnotinteresting.
5)nothinglike
a.没有什么能赶得上。例如:
There’snothinglikeaholidaytomakeonefeelrested.
b.绝不会,没有(那么多,那么好)。例如:Hisnewbookisnothinglikeasgoodashis
earlierbooks.
6)nothingmuch不多,没什么。例如:
“Anythinginterestinghappening?”“No,nothingmuch.”
7)nothingofthekind哪里,没有的事,不行。例如:
“I’msorrytocauyoutrouble.”“Mydearfriend,it’snothingofthekind.”
“I’mgoingout.”“You’lldonothingofthekind!Youmuststayathome.”
8)nothinglessthan(completely,totally)表程度意为“完全地,彻底地”。例如:
Hisnegligencewasnothinglessthancriminal.
Itwasnothinglessthanadisaster.
9)nothingmorethan(=only)表肯定。例如:
Itwasnothingmorethanashower.
本文开头给出的两句话意思为:
Youmightthinkthat“globalwarming”meansnothingmorethanariintheworld’s
temperature.(2005D篇)你也许认为“全球变暖”只不过意味着世界上的气温升高点罢了。
ll,Ed’sideaofexercihasalwaysbeennothingmoreeffort-makingthanliftinga
forktohismouth.(2003完形填空)毕竟,Ed关于锻炼的主意就像抬手把叉子送到嘴边那样
轻松,不用做太多的努力。
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