the lazy song

句子成分分析

1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。

Thesunrisintheeast（名词）

Helikesdancing.（代词）

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)

Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）

Toeistobelieve.（不定式）

Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）

Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.

（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）

①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

②Thereisanoldmancominghere.

③Theufuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.

2.谓语（predicate）：放在主语的后面。Be动词/系动词/情态动词/助动词/行为动词

Be动词：is/am/are/was/were

系动词：be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）,taste

（尝、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感觉），become,turn,get,grow…

情态动词:can/could/may/might/should/shall/must/…+do没有人称和数的变化

助动词：do/does/did

3.宾语：动宾，介宾

A.动宾IlikeChina.（名词）

Hehatesyou.（代词）

HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.（数词）

Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）

Ihopetoeyouagain.（不定式）

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid（宾语从句）

B.介宾

Areyouafraidofthesnake

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.

C.双宾语的动词

“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”画“制作”for来了。

1、“七给”(give,pass,lend,write,show,nd,hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在

直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”

2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,

构成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”。

如:Motherboughtanewdressforme。

3、explain,introduce,deliver,等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转

换。

Couldyouexplainyourpointofviewtous=Couldyouexplaintousyourpointofview

4、易错的动词

robsbofsth表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，(系表)表示主语的性质、状态和特

征。

Heisateacher.（名词）

Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）

Heisasleep.（形容词）

Hisfatherisin.（副词）

Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)

Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）

Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表语从句）

5.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。（前置定语和后置定语）

•Yanlingisachemistryteacher.

•Heisourfriend.

•Webelongtothethirdworld.

•Hewasadvidtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

•Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.

•Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.

•TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.

•Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.

•Ihaveanideatodoitwell.

•YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.

挑出下列句中的定语

•①Whatisyourgivenname

•②OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.

•③Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.

•④Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.

6.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、

条件、方式和让步。

•Iwillgotheretomorrow.

•Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.

•Themeatwentbadbecauofthehotweather.

•HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.

•Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.

•Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.

•Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

•Hegoestoschoolbybike.

•Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.

挑出下列句中的状语

•①Therewasabigsmileonherface.

•②Everynightheheardthenoiupstairs.

•③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaleven.

•④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.

7.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

动词+宾语+宾补能带宾语补足语的一定是及物动词，分为几类：

1）感官动词：e,notice,watch,feel,hear,smell等+do/doing(宾补)

Ihearthemsingasong.

Ihearthemsingingasong.

Ihearasongsung.

2）使役动词：make,let,have,get等

letsbsth无被动

makesbdomakesb/sthdone

havesbdohavesbdoinghavesbdone

getsbtodosthgetsb/sthdone

3）含命名意义的动词：name,call,appoint,make,consider

CallmeJoe,plea.

Theyhavelected/mademechairman.

4）keep/find/宾补比较灵活

5)下面动词跟的宾补往往是todo.

advi/allow/permit/ask/beg/tell/want/persuade/wish/warn

总结：todo做宾补表示要去做的动作

ing做宾补表示正在进行的或是延续的动作

ed做宾补表示被动的动作

Weelectedhimmonitor.

Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.

Wewillmakethemhappy.

Wefoundnobodyin.

Pleamakeyourlfathome.

Don’tlethimdothat.

Hisfatheradvidhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

Don’tkeepthelightsburning.

I’llhavemybikerepaired.

挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.

②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.

③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.

④TheycallmeLilysometimes.

⑤tonthebus.

⑥DidyoueLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow

8.同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的

句子成分叫同位语。

MrLin,ourheadmaster,isgivingusaspeech.

Beijing,capitalofChina,isdevelopingfast.

Theengineerhimlfrepairedit.

Weallgotangry.

Wetwowillgotoeyou.

Thenewsthathewillcomeistrue.

练习：

Givemeacupoftea,plea.

Theboythereneedsapen./

HisfathernamedhimDongming.

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.

Theboyneedsverymuchthepenboughtbyhismother.

Theboyreallyneedsapen.

Showthishouto.

Thewarmadehimasoldier.

Therearefiveboysleft

Ioftenfindhimatwork

Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad.

Hesitsthere,askingforapen.

TheboyinblueisTom

Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.

Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen.

Weallarestudents.

Wesawherenteringtheroom.

Theboyreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday./

dentsgotontheschoolbus.

edmethenewspaper.

answeryourquestionafterclass.

eautifulChinepainting!

nthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

istotrainswimmers.

manyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

sgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.

leaveforShanghaitomorrow.

histobecomeascientist.

gedtofinishtheworkintime.

etoaskmeforadvice.

ditimportanttomasterEnglish.

aveanythingeltosay

nest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

oupleatellmeyouraddress

here,readinganewspaper.

rdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

cedamanentertheroom.

lestastedsweet.

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,artiesoftenmake

'sgreat!Americanatalot

ofmeat—'t,becauI

letteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferent

ate

ydifferenttimeareasdoyouhave

inChinaWell,givemybestregardstoyour

parents.

二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,artiesoftenmake

'sgreat!Americanatalot

ofmeat—'t,becauI

letteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferent

ate

ydifferenttimeareasdoyouhave

inChinaWell,givemybestregardstoyour

parents.