underestimate

常见词根词缀整理

1.常见的名词后缀

（1）表示“人和物”

-anAmericanhistorian

-ianItalianCanadianpolitician

-antassistantaccountantparticipant

-entstudentpresidentresident

-eeemployeetrainee

-erwriterspeakerwaiter

-oractorconductorsailor

-esswaitresshostessactress

-istsocialistnovelistscientistdentist

（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词

-abilitysuitabilityprobability

-ibilitypossibilityresponsibility

-agemarriageshortagecarriage

-alarrivalrefusalrevivalsurvival

-anceacceptanceimportancedistanceignorance

-encedependenceexistencedifferenceconference

-domfreedomwisdomldom

-eryslaverybraverydiscoverymasteryrobbery

-hoodchildhoodadulthoodneighborhood

-ionquestionconstructionelectionconduction

-itioncompositioncompetition

-ationmodernizationcivilizationalteration

-ismpessimismoptimismsocialismMarxism

-mentmovementgovernmentencouragement

-nesskindnesscarelessness

-shipfriendshipleadershiprelationship

-ureexposurefailuremeasureleisurepleasure

2.常见的动词后缀：表示“使（成为）”“使……化”

-atecirculatedecorateregulatealternate

-enstrengthenweakenbroadenwidenlighten

-ifyclassifysimplifyspecifyqualifycertify

-izerealizeorganizecriticizerecognize

-ishastonishcherishestablishfinishpunishvanish

3：常见形容词后缀

（1）表示“具有……性质的”

-alnationalculturalnatural

-anAmericanrepublican

-ianItalianCanadianChristian

-antpleasantresistantdistantconstant

-entdifferentconfidentexcellent

-arynecessaryimaginarycustomary

-orycompulsorycontradictory

-ateconsideratefortunate

-eChineTaiwaneCantone

-icheroicpoeticeconomic

-sometroublesomehandsomequarrelsome

(2)表示“充满或缺乏”

-freeduty-freecare-freeworry-free

-fulhopefulufulwonderfulhelpful

-lesshopelessulessneedless

-(i)ousdangerousvariousanxiousrious

-yrainycloudydirtyhairytrendyfishy

(3)表示“类似”

-ishchildishstylishgreenish

-likechildlikebusinesslike

-lybrotherlyfriendlydeadlydeathly

(4)表示“主、被动意义”

-ablecomfortablecapablebelievabledisable

-ibleresponsiblensiblevisible

-iveactivepositivenegativepassiveextensive

(5)表示“方向”

-warddownwardbackwardforwardwestwardeastward

4:常见的副词后缀

-lystronglysuccessfullyquicklyangrilyslowly

-ward(s)downwardastwards

-wiclockwilikewiotherwi

常见的前缀

1表示“否定或逆转”

de-defeatdefenddefinedeform

dis-disappeardisagreedisorderdisgust

in-incorrectinactiveincapableinaccurate

il-illegalillogicalilliberal

im-impossibleimmatureimperfectimpatient

ir-irregularirrelevantirresponsible

mis-misumisleadmisunderstanding

non-non-stopnonnnon-violence

un-unhappyunluckyunpleasant

2：表示“时间顺序”

ex-ex-presidentex-wifeex-husband

fore-foretellforeheadforeeforecast

mid-middlemidfieldmidnightmidterm

post-post-warpostgraduatepostpone

pre-prepareprepayprematurepredict

re-recallrepairrebuildrewrite

3:表示“方向或位置”

ex-exportexcludeexpelexert

in-invadeincludeindicateindoorinfect

im-importimmigrateimitateimpactimpair

inter-internationalinteractiveinterchange

sub-subwaysubquentsubstandardsubtitle

tele-telephonetelescopetelecommunication

trans-transparenttransporttransplanttranslate

4:表示“程度、大小或差别”

macro-macroeconomics

micro-microscopeMicrosoftmicro-oven

mini-minibusminiskirtminimum

over-overworkoveruoverhear

super-supermarketsuperpowersuperb

under-underdevelopedunderestimate

vice-vice-presidentvice-principal

5：表示“数量”

bi-bicyclebimonthlybilingualbilateral

kilo-kilometerkilogramkilohertzkilowatt

mono-monolingualmonologuemonopoly

multi-multiplemultimediamultinational

mi-mifinalmiconductormiconscious

tri-triangletricycletripletrilateral

uni-unicycleuniqueuniversaluniform

6：变换词类的前缀

be-befriendbelittlebehead

en-enableendangerenjoyenlargeendearencourage

em-embraceemployembitterembodyembezzle

常见的词根

1:audi=hear

audienceauditoriumaudibleaudition

2:ced(cess)=go

precedeproceedprocesssuccessor

successiverecedeexceedexcess

3:cept=take

exceptexceptionexceptionalaccept

acceptanceacceptable

interceptreceptiondeceptionconcept

conceptionreceptive

4:circ=ring

circleencirclemicirclecircularcirculate

circulationcircumstance

5:clud(clus)=clo,shut

excludeexclusiveincludeinclusive

concludeconclusioncludecluded

(decide,decisive,decision)

6:cord=heart

recordrecorderconcordconcordantaccord

accordantdiscorddiscordant

7:cred=believe,trust

creditcrediblediscreditincredible

credulousincredulous

8:cur(curs,cour)=run

occuroccurrencecurrentcurrencycour

concurrecurrentrecur

9:dict(dic)=say

contradictdictatepredictpredictionindicateindicationdictionary

10:duc(duct)=lead

educateintroduceintroductionconductproduct

reducereductiondeduce

11:fer=bring,carry

conferenceconferdifferdifferentofferprefer

preferabletransferdefer

12:fus=pour

refurefusalconfuconfusiontransfutransfusion

13:ject=throw

projectinjectrejectrejection

interjectsubjectsubjectiveobjectobjective

abjectadjectiveeject

14:log=speak

dialoguedialogapologyapologizemonologuelogic

15:medi=middle

immediateimmediatelymediummultimedia

intermediatemedievalMediterraneanmedicine

16:memor=memory

memorymemorizememomemorable

memorialcommemorateremember

17:mini=small,little

minimumminimizediminishminusminorminiskirtminority

18:miss(mit)=nd

missiledismismitpromicompromicommitsubmit

19:mot=move

motionmotivemotivatepromotepromotiondemoteremote

20:pel=push,drive

propelexpelrepelrepulsionrepulsivedispelcompel

21:pend(pens)=hang

dependdependentindependentsuspend

suspensuspensionappenddependdependable

22:port=carry

portableporterimportexporttransport

transportationreportsupportsupportivesport

23:pos=put

expocompocompositioncomporpropo

proposaloppooppositedispodisposalpoposition

24:rupt=break

ruptureinterruptinterruptiondisruptbankruptcorrupt

25:nt(ns)=feel

nnsationntimentalconntconnsusrent

nsiblensitivenonnasntntence

26:sist=stand

resistresistantconsistconsistentassistassistant

existexistentinsistinsistentpersistpersistent

27:spect(spec)=look

spectacleprospectinspectexpectrespectsuspect

suspiciousspectatorspecialspecifyspecificspeculate

28:tain(ten,tin)=hold

containobtainsustainmaintaincontinuecontinual

continuousattainmountainfountaincurtain

29:tend(tens,tent)=stretch

extendextensionextensive(extendedfamily)extent

attendattendantattentionattentive

contentcontestcontestanttendtent

30:tract=draw

tractorattractattractivecontractabstract(concrete)

extractsubtractdistractdistractiondistracted

distracting

31:ven=come

inventinventionpreventprevention

conventionaleventeventual

32:vert(vers)=turn

advertianniversarydivertdiver

diversifydiversityrevertreverintrovert

extrovertconvertversatilecontroversial

invertavert

33:vis(vid)=e

visionvisiblevisitadvi

advisablerevisupervivisa

evidentevidenceprovidevideo