begrudge

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1/19

ThislistcontainssomeofthecommonrootsandprefixesthatmakeupthebuildingblocksofnumerousEnglish

ingthetableofgeneralrootsandprefixesisatableofnumberprefixes.

HowWordsWork

Manywordsaremadeupofaroot(orbaword>rdsalso

mple,therootwordportmeanstocarryortobear.

Attachtheprefixex,meaningoutoroutof,andyouhavethewordexport,to

theprefixim,meaninginorintoandyouhaveimport,to

theprefixtrans,meaningacross,andyouhavetransport,

'sattachthesuffixable,meaningabletobe,

andyouhaveimportable,exportable,andtransportable.b5E2RGbCAP

Theverywordsprefixandsuffixaregoodexamples,nsbeforeand

fixmeanstofastenorattach,soquiteliterally,aprefixissomething

variantofsub,below

orunder,soasuffixissomethingfastenedunderneathsomethingel(in

thisca,behindtheroot>.p1EanqFDPw

Bylearningthecommonrootsandprefixes(andafewsuffixes>youwillbe

abletodiscernthemeaningofmanynewwordsalmostimmediately.(Butdo

lookthemupforconfirmation.>Takethewordabject,

knowthatabmeansawayordownandjectmeanstothrow,youcaneasily

figureoutthatabjectdoesn'abject'sroot

meaningofthrowndownisquiteclotothedictionarydefintionofcast

9E3d

Notethatsomemodernwordsareformedbyusingabbreviatedformsofother

,weetheuoftheletteriforInternetiniPhone,iPod,and

iTunes,indicatingthattheitemsorrvicesworkwiththeInternet.

Similarly,theuofeforelectronicappearsinwordssuchalearning

(andvariousforms:eLearning,E-Learning,andsoon>,e-commerce,ande-

"e-terms"emtohavebeencoinedbeforethe"i-terms"became

ethatmostofthe"i-terms"aretrademarks,whiletheothers

aregeneraldescriptors:"I'mgoingtodownloadsomeiTunesfromApple'-

commercesitebecauIlovee-music."Atanyrate,theabbreviatedforms

arenottraditionalprefixes,butbecautheyareindeedattachedtothe

frontofwhatamountstorootwords,theycouldbeconsideredfunctional

DGiT

Enjoythislist,togetherwiththediscoveryofnewwordsandthecretcode

behindmuchoftheEnglishlanguage.5PCzVD7HxA

GeneralRootsandPrefixes

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RootorPrefixMeaningExamples

a,annot,withoutatheist,anarchy,

anonymousapathy,aphasia,

anemia,atypical,

anesthesia

abaway,down,from,

off

abnt,abduction,

aberrant,abstemious,

abnormal,abstract,absorb

acrohigh,tip,topacrobat,acrophobia,

acronym,acromegaly,

acropolis

actdo,move

action,react,

transaction,proactive,

activity,activation,

deactivate

adto,toward

admit,addition,

advertiment,adherent,

admonish,address,

adhesive,adept,adjust

althigh

altitude,altimeter,alto,

contralto,altocumulus,

exalt

ambultowalk

ambulatory,amble,

ambulance,somnambulist,

perambulate,preamble

animasoul,life

animation,inanimate,

animal,anime,equanimity,

animism,animus

antebeforeanteroom,antebellum,

antedateantecedent,

antediluvian

anti,antagainst,oppositeantisocial,antiptic,

antithesis,antibody,

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antichrist,antinomies,

antifreeze,antipathy,

antigen,antibiotic,

antidote,antifungal,

antidepressant

armweapon

army,armament,disarm,

rearm,armistice,armor,

armory,arms

auditohearaudience,auditory,

audible,auditorium,

audiovisual,audition,

audiobook

autolfautomobile,automatic,

autograph,autonomous,

autoimmune,autopilot,

autobiography

bethoroughlybedecked,besmirch,

besprinkled,begrudge,

begrime,belie,bemoan

bellwar

belligerent,antebellum,

bellico,rebel

benegood,wellbenefactor,beneficial,

benevolent,benediction,

beneficiary,benefit

bitwo

bicycle,bifocals,biceps,

billion,binary,bivalve,

bimonthly,bigamy,

bimetal,biathlete,

bicarbonate

biolife,livingbiology,biography,

biodiversity,

bioavailability,

bioflavonoid,biofuel,

biohazard,biomass,

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biorhythm

cede,ceed,

cess

togo,toyieldsucceed,proceed,precede,

recede,cession,exceed,

succession,excess

chrontimechronology,chronic,

chronicle,chronometer,

anachronism

cide,cistokill,tocutfratricide,suicide,

incision,excision,

circumcision,preci,

conci,precision,

homicide,genocide,

regicide

circumaroundcircumnavigate,

circumflex,circumstance,

circumcision,

circumference,

circumorbital,

circumlocution,

circumvent,circumscribe,

circulatory

clud,clus

claus

tocloinclude,exclude,clau,

claustrophobia,enclo,

exclusive,reclusive,

conclude,preclude

con,comwith,togetherconvene,compress,

contemporary,converge,

compact,confluence,

concatenate,conjoin,

combine,convert,

compatible,conquence,

contract

contra,

counter

against,oppositecontradict,counteract,

contravene,contrary,

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counterspy,contrapuntal,

contraband,contraception,

contrast,controversy,

counterfeit,counterclaim,

counterargument,

counterclaim,

counterpoint,

counterrevolution

credtobelievecredo,credible,credence,

credit,credential,

credulity,incredulous,

creed,incredible

communtoshare

commune,community,

communism,communicable,

communication,

commonality,incommunicado

cyclcircle,wheelbicycle,cyclical,cycle,

encliclical,motorcycle,

tricycle,cyclone

GeneralRootsandPrefixes(continued>

RootorPrefixMeaningExamples

defrom,down,awaydetach,deploy,derange,

deodorize,devoid,

deflate,degenerate,

deice,descend,derail,

depress,depart,

decompo,destruction

dei,divGod,goddivinity,divine,deity,

divination,deify,deism

demopeopledemocracy,demagogue,

epidemic,demographic

diathrough,across,

between

diameter,diagonal,

dialogue,dialect,

dialectic,diagnosis,

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diachronic,diagram,

diaphragm,dialysis,

diarrhea

dictspeakpredict,verdict,

malediction,dictionary,

dictate,dictum,diction,

indict,contradict

dis,dys,difaway,not,negativedismiss,differ,disallow,

disper,dissuade,

disconnect,dysfunction,

disproportion,disrespect,

distemper,distaste,

disarray,dyslexia

duc,ducttolead,pullproduce,abduct,product,

transducer,viaduct,

aqueduct,induct,deduct,

reduce,induce

dyn,dynapowerdynamic,dynamometer,

heterodyne,dynamite,

dynamo,dynasty

ectooutside,externalectomorph,ectoderm,

ectoplasm,ectopic,

ectothermal

endoinside,withinendotoxin,endoscope,

endogenous

equiequalequidistant,equilateral,

equilibrium,equinox,

equitable,equation,

equator

e,exout,away,fromemit,expulsion,exhale,

exit,express,exclusive,

enervate,exceed,

explosion

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exter,extraoutsideofexternal,extrinsic,

exterior,extraordinary,

extrabiblical,

extracurricular,

extrapolate,extraneous,

exterminator,extract,

extradite,

extraterrestrial,

extransory,extravagant,

extreme

flu,fluxfloweffluence,influence,

effluvium,fluctuate,

confluence,reflux,influx

flect,flextobendflexible,reflection,

deflect,circumflex,

inflection,reflex

graph,gramtowritepolygraph,grammar,

biography,graphite,

telegram,autograph,

lithograph,

historiography,graphic,

electrocardiogram,

monogram

heterootherheterodox,heterogeneous,

heteroxual,heterodyne

homosamehomogenized,homoxual,

homonym,homophone

hyperover,abovehyperactive,hypertensive,

hyperbolic,

hypernsitive,

hyperventilate,

hyperkinetic,hyperlink,

hypertext,hypersonic,

hypertrophy

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hypobelow,lessthanhypotension,hypodermic,

hypoglycemia,

hypoallergenic,

hypothermia,hypothesis

GeneralRootsandPrefixes(continued>

in,imnotinviolate,innocuous,

intractable,innocent,

impregnable,impossible

infrabeneathinfrared,infrastructure,

infrasonic

inter,introbetweeninternational,intercept,

intermission,interoffice,

internal,intermittent,

introvert,introduce

intrawithin,intointranet,intracranial,

intravenous,intramural,

intramuscular,intraocular

jac,jecttothrowreject,eject,project,

trajectory,interject,

dejected,inject,

ejaculate

log,logo,

word,speech,speakmonologue,dialogue,

locution,colloquial,

elocution,soliloquy,

ventriloquist,apology,

doxology,epilogue,logic,

eulogy,loquacious

malbad,badlymalformation,maladjusted,

dismal,malady,

malcontent,malfeasance,

maleficent,malevolent,

malice,malaria,

malfunction,malignant

megagreat,millionmegaphone,megalomaniac,

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megabyte,megalopolis

mesomiddlemesomorph,mesoamerica,

mesosphere

metabeyond,changemetaphor,metamorphosis,

metabolism,

metahistorical,

metainformation,

metacognitive

metermeasureperimeter,micrometer,

ammeter,multimeter,

altimeter,geometry,

kilometer

microsmallmicroscope,

microprocessor,

microfiche,micrometer,

micrograph

misbad,badlymisinform,misinterpret,

mispronounce,misnomer,

mistake,misogynist,

mistrial,misadventure,

misanthrope,misread

mit,misstondtransmit,permit,missile,

missionary,remit,admit,

missive,mission

morphshapepolymorphic,morpheme,

amorphous,metamorphosis,

morphology,morphing

multimanymultitude,multipartite,

multiply,multipurpo,

multicolored,multimedia,

multinational

neonewneologism,neonate,

neoclassic,neophyte

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nonnotnonferrous,nonabrasive,

nondescript,nonfat,

nonfiction,nonprofit,

nonn,nonentity

omniallomnipotent,omnivorous,

omniscient,omnibus,

omnirange,omniprent

panall,whole,

general,completely

pantheism,pandemic,

panacea,panoply,pan-

American,panchromatic,

pandemonium,panorama

parabesideparaprofessional,

paramedic,paraphra,

parachute,paralegal,

parallel,comparison

perthrough,intensivepermit,perspire,

perforate,persuade,

perceive,perfect,permit,

perform

periaroundperiscope,perimeter,

perigee,periodontal

phonsoundtelephone,phonics,

phonograph,phonetic,

homophone,microphone

photlightphotograph,

photosynthesis,photon

polymanypolytheist,polygon,

polygamy,polymorphous

porttocarryporter,portable,report,

transportation,deport,

import,export

GeneralRootsandPrefixes

RootorPrefixMeaningExamples

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reback,againreport,realign,retract,

revi,regain,reflect,

rename,restate,

recombine,recalculate,

redo

retrobackwardsretrorocket,retrospect,

retrogression,retroactive

sanctholysanctify,sanctuary,

sanction,sanctimonious,

sacrosanct

scrib,scripttowriteinscription,prescribe,

proscribe,manuscript,

conscript,scribble,

scribe

ct,ccutinterct,tranct,

disct,cant,ction

mihalfmifinal,miconscious,

miannual,mimonthly,

micircle

specttolookinspect,spectator,

circumspect,retrospect,

prospect,spectacle

subunder,belowsubmerge,submarine,

substandard,subnormal,

subvert,subdivision,

submersible,submit

super,supraabovesuperior,suprarenal,

superscript,supernatural,

supercede,superficial,

superhero,superimpo

syntogethersynthesis,synchronous,

syndicate,synergy,

snyopsis,syncretism

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teledistance,fromafartelevision,telephone,

telegraph,telemetry,

telepathy

theo,theGodtheology,theist,

polytheist,pantheism,

atheist,monotheist,

theophany

therm,thermoheatthermal,thermometer,

thermocouple,

thermodynamic,

thermoelectric

tracttodrag,drawattract,tractor,

traction,extract,

retract,protract,

detract,subtract,

contract,intractable

transacrosstransoceanic,transmit,

transport,transducer,

transit,intransitive

unnotuncooked,unharmed,

unintended,unhappy,

unenlightened,

unremarkable

veh,vect,veytocarryvector,vehicle,

convection,vehement,

convey,conveyance,

conveyor

vert,verstoturnconvert,revert,

adverti,versatile,

vertigo,invert,

reversion,extravert,

introvert

ven,venttocomeconvention,prevent,

intervention,convent,

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Advent,invent,inventory

vermwormvermin,vermicelli,

vermiculite,vermicide,

vermiform,vermilion

vitalifevital,vitality,vitamins,

revitalize

voltowillbenevolent,volition,

voluntary,malevolent

vitalifevital,vitality,vitamins,

revitalize

NumberPrefixes

PrefixMeaningExamples

mono,unionemonopoly,monotype,

monologue,mononucleosis,

monorail,monotheist,

unilateral,universal,

unity,unanimous,uniform

bi,ditwodivide,diverge,

diglycerides,bifurcate,

biweekly,bivalve,

biannual,billion

trithreetriangle,trinity,

trilateral,triumvirate,

tribune,trilogy,

tricycle,trillion

quat,quadfourquadrangle,quadruplets,

quaternary,quarter,

quadrillion

quint,pentafivequintet,quintuplets,

pentagon,pentane,

pentameter,quintillion

hex,s,xsixhexagon,hexameter,

stet,xtuplets,

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xtillion

ptvenptet,ptennial,

ptillion,September

octeightoctopus,octagon,

octogenarian,octave,

octillion,October

nonninenonagon,nonagenarian,

nonillion

dectendecimal,decade,

decalogue,decimate,

decillion,December

centhundredcentennial,century,

centipede,centillion

mill,kilothousand(10^3>millennium,kilobyte,

kiloton

megamillion(10^6>megabyte,megaton,

megaflop,megawatt

gigabillion(10^9>gigabyte,gigaflop,

gigahertz,gigawatt

teratrillion(10^12>terabyte,teraflop,

terawatt

petaquadrillion(10^15>petabyte

exaquintillion(10^18>exabyte

zettaxtillion(10^21>zettabyte

yottaptilion(10^24>yottabyte

millithousandth(10^-3>millicond,milligram,

millivolt,milliwatt,

millimeter,millipede

micromillionth(10^-6>microgram,microvolt,

microwave,microcond

nanobillionth(10^-9>nanocond,nanobucks,

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nanofarad,nanometer,

nanomachine,nanotube,

nanotechnology,nanogram,

nanoscale

picotrillionth(10^-12>picofarad,picocurie,

picogram,picomole,

picocond

femtoquadrillionth(10^-

15>

femtocond

atto

quintillionth(10^-

18>

attocond,attometer

zepto

xtillionth(10^-

21>

zeptocond

yocto

ptillionth(10^-

24>

yoctocond

AHandfulofSuffixes

SuffixMeaningExamples

able,ibleabletobe,

capableofbeing

pourable,drinkable,readable,

washable,curable,visible,

flexible,collectible

ance,ancy

stateof,process

of

performance,reliance,defiance,

radiance,acceptance,ascendancy,

discrepancy,infancy

ator

onewhodoes[the

verb]

terminator,culminator,agitator,

instigator,generator,incubator,

accelerator,invigorator,

elevator

dom

condition,

office,state

kingdom,freedom,wisdom,

sheikdom,fiefdom,sheikdom

eeonewhoreceivespayee,mortgagee,employee,

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appointee,abductee,examinee,

referee,refugee

er,or

onewhodoes[the

verb]

driver,hiker,reader,manager,

polisher,speaker,counlor,

author,creator,director,

sculptor

fulfilledwith

frightful,delightful,wonderful,

cupful,wakeful,bashful,

bountiful,beautiful,cheerful,

colorful,dreadful,fateful

ifytomakeinto

purify,deify,simplify,clarify,

petrify,reify,exemplify,pacify

ification

processofmaking

into

purification,deification,

simplifiction,clarification,

petrification

ish

thenatureof,

rembling

Cornish,Irish,bookish,

freakish,foolish,boorish,

lfish,sluggish,priggish

ism

doctrine,system,

characteristic

quality

capitalism,heroism,optimism,

skepticism,realism,patriotism,

communism,idealism,conrvatism

ist

onewho

performs。an

adherentofan

ism

tympanist,cellist,idealist,

communist,realist,moralist,

pharamacist,pragmatist

izetomakeinto

rationalize,normalize,realize,

capitalize,sterilize,dramatize,

utilize,colorize

ization

theprocessof

makinginto

rationalization,normalization,

realization,capitalization,

dramatization

lesswithout,lacking

loveless,fearless,worthless,

nameless,baless,bottomless,

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effortless,

Rootor

Prefix

MeaningExampleWords

agontostruggle

agony,protagonist,antagonist,

agony,agonize,

algpainneuralgia,analgesic,nostalgic,

alterother

alternative,alternator,

alteration,

altercation,alternate,

amfriend

amiable,amorous,amity,

enamored,paramour,amicable

ambiboth

ambidextrous,ambivalent,

ambiguous,ambient

animalive

animated,animal,inanimate,

animator,anime,animation,

reanimate

anthropmankind

anthropology,

anthropomorphic,philanthrophy,

misanthranthropology,

anthropomorphic,philanthrophy,

misanthropy

eugood,well

euphoria,eulogy,euphemism,

eugenics,eucalyptus,eukaryote,

eurythmics,euthanasia

forebefore,front

forecast,forefather,foretaste,

forehead,foreman,foreboding,

forecastle,forearm,forebear,

foreclo,foredoom,forego,

forefoot,foreground,forehand,

foreknowledge,foremost,

foreordain,forerunner,foree,

foreshoren,foretell

orthostraightorthodontics,orthodox,

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orthopedic,orthoscopic,

orthostatic

postafter

postscript,postconsumer,

postdoctoral,posterior,

postimpact,postfeminism,

postgraduate,posthumous,

postimpressionism,postlude,

postmodernism,postpone,

postproduction

pre

before,infront

of

prefix,predict,prelude,

predetermined,preamplifier,

predestination,prebiotic,

preclude,predate,predispod,

preempt,preference,prefigure,

prefrontal,preheat,prehistory,

prell,presumptuous,prevent,

previous,pretext,pretentious,

pretend

proforward

propel,proceed,produce,

promote,project,proclaim,

procession,profess,proffer,

professor,proficient,profile,

profound,profu,progenitor,

progress,prolap,prolegomenon,

prolific,prologue,prolong,

pronation,pronounce,propellant,

prophesy,prophecy,proponent,

prorate,proscribe,procute,

prospect,protect,protest,

provide,provoke

protofirst,earliest

prototype,protoplasm,

protohistory,protocol,

protogalaxy,proton,

prototypical,protozoa

quasiapproximately,quasiperiodical,quasiparticle,

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rembling,to

somedegree

quasi-governmental,quasi-

scientific,quasi-judicial,

quasi-stellar,quasi-public

ultrabeyond,extremely

ultraviolet,ultrasonic,

ultramarine,ultrafine,

ultransitive,ultrawide,

ultrapure,ultraquiet

under

beneath,below,

toolittle

undercoat,underwear,

underestimate,underbid,

underexpo,undercut,

underclassmen,undernourished,

underground,undersized,

underhand,underlay,undermine,

underneath,underpass,

underpowered,underline,

understand,undertake,undertone,

undertow,undervalue,underwrite

申明：

所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途。