高口

用三大战略应对三大挑战

Threestrategiestocopewiththreechallenges

练习译文&标准译文翻译技巧&说明

一个13亿人口的大国要实现

和平崛起，绝非易事。

Itisundoubtedlynotaeasy

taskforacountryof1.3billion

populationtoachieveitspeaceful

ri.

Itisanythingbuteasy

people

绝非易事itisanythingbuteasy…

=it’sbynomeanasy…

=it’sfarfromeasy

=it’snoteasyatall

实现（和平崛起）achieve

目前，就经济和社会发展而言，

中国面临三大挑战：

Atprent,overthematterof

economicandsocialdevelopment,

Chinaisinfaceofthreefollowing

majorchallenges.

Atprent,Chinafacesthree

majorchallengesinitconomic

andsocialdevelopment.

第一个是资源特别是能源的挑

战。

Thefirstmajorchallengeliesin

resources,energyresourcesin

particular.

comesfromtheshortageof

……是……comefrom=befrom=bepod

by…

“资源”在这里指“资源短缺”，翻译时必

须指出。

中国人均资源占有量在世界排在

后列；同时，由于发展速度快而

科技水平低，中国制造业的资源

消耗尤其是能耗却排在世界前

列。

Chinepercapitaholdof

resourcesisoneofthelowest

amongthewholeworld,whiledue

toChina’srapiddevelopmentand

lowlevelofscienceand

technology,theresource

consumption,especiallyenergy

consumptionofChine

manufacturingindustryisamong

排在后列lagbehind…intermsof…=rankat

thebottom=rankattheendofthelist=placed

atthebottom

排在前列amongthemost….=rankatthetop

ofthelist=rankamongthebest=rankamong

thetop

而（并列）coupledwith

遇到数量多少的时候，可以转化成相关的形

容词表示

thelargestintheworld,which

leadstoashortageofresources,

especiallyenergyresources.

Chinalagsbehindtheworldin

termsofpercapitaholdof

ile,duetothe

fastspeedofoureconomic

developmentcoupledwiththelow

levelofscienceandtechnology,

China’smanufacturingindustryis

amongthemost

energy-consumingintheworld.

这就使得资源特别是能源短缺。

Conquently,resourcesinChina,

especiallyenergies,havebeenin

tightsupply.

短缺intightsupply

第二个是生态环境的挑战。

Thecondmajorchallenge

liesinecologicalenvironment.

isfrom

“生态环境的挑战”实际上指的是“来自生

态环境的挑战”或“由生态环境构成的挑

战”

环境污染严重、生态状况恶化、

资源耗费巨大、回收率低而导致

环境破坏等问题，已成为中国经

济保持可持续发展的瓶颈。

Environmentaldeterioration

caudbyverepollution,

deterioratedecologicalconditions,

massiveconsumptionofresources

andlowreclamationhasbecomea

bottleneckagainstthecontinuous

developmentofChineeconomy.

Theriounvironmental

problem

deteriorating

huge

forthesustainable

第三个是在经济与社会发展

过程中的一系列失衡问题的挑

战。

Thethirdmajorchallengeisa

riesofproblemsthatoccurredin

theunbalanceddevelopmentof

Chineeconomyandsociety.

ispodbyastringofimbalances

ineconomicandsocial

development

因此，我们既要使GDP持续快速

增长，又要加快社会建设步伐，

既要注重公平、缩小差距，又要

保持活力、提高效率。

Totackletheproblems,wemust

maintainarapidgrowthofour

GDPandatthesametimequicken

theprocessofsocialconstruction

withgreatattentionpaidto

fairnesswhennarrowingthegap,

maintainingthevigorofeconomic

developmentandimprovingour

efficiency.

Becauofthis,weneedto

balancetherapidandcontinuous

GDPgrowthrateagainstthepace

ance

emphasisonequalityand

narrowingdowngapsagainst

effortstomaintainvitalityand

enhanceefficiencyineconomic

activity.

注重公平emphasisonequality

缩小差距narrowdowngaps

保持活力maintainvitality

提高效率enhanceefficiency

分析小句的关系可发现其是相互平衡的关

系，所以用balanceagainst

面对这三大挑战，中国的应对

之策可归结为三大战略：

China’spolicyinrespon

tothreemajorchallenges

mentionedaboveisasfollows.

Inthefaceofthethree

majorchallenges,China‘s

respontothemcanbesummed

upinthefollowingthreemajor

strategies.

第一大战略，是超越旧式工业化

道路，继续推进新型工业化。

Firstofall,wewill

abandontheold-styleapproach

ofindustrializationand

continuewithandfurther

implementthenew-styleone.

Thefirstisnottofollowthe

oldindustrializationmodel

butinstead,continuetopush

超越transcend=

nottofollow=avoid

旧式工业化道路oldindustrialization

model

新型工业化道路newindustrialization

road

继续推进（……道路）continuetopush

forward(along…road)

forwardalongthenew

industrializationroad.

中国的发展如果沿袭高投入、高

消耗、高污染的旧式工业化道路

是不可行的。

ItisimpossibleforChinato

developitlfbyrelyingon

theold-styleapproachof

industrialization

characterizedbyhighinput,

highconsumptionandhigh

pollution.

ShouldChinafollowtheold

patternofhighinput,high

consumptionandhigh

pollution,itcannotbutbethe

deadendofChina’conomy.

如果……Should….

如果……是不行的Should….itcannotbut

bethedeadendof…

不可行unfeasible=itwillbeadeadend

for..=thereisnowayfor…

道路pattern/model

高投入highinput

高消耗highconsumption

高污染highpollution

中国下决心走出一条科技含量

高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、

环境污染少、人力资源优势得到

充分发挥的新型工业化道路。

Instead,Chinahasmadeher

mindtofindoutanew-style

approachofindustrialization

characterizedbyhigh

technologycontent,high

economicreturns,lowresource

consumption,andlow

environmentalpollution,in

whichChina’slaborresource

advantagecouldbefully

developed.

Forthisreason,Chinais

determinedtoblazeanewroad

inindustrialization

characterizedbyhigh

technologycontent,good

economicreturns,lowenergy

consumption,minimum

environmentalpollution,and

fulluoflaborresources.

走出……道路blazeanewroadin…

科技含量高hightechnologycontent

经济效益好goodeconomicreturns

资源消耗低lowenergyconsumption,

环境污染少minimumenvironmental

pollution

人力资源优势得到充分发挥fulluof

laborresources

新型工业化道路anewroadin

industrializationcharacterizedby…

第二大战略，是超越世界近

代以来新兴大国传统的崛起之路

和以意识形态划线的冷战思维，

传统的conventional

新兴大国emergingbigpowers

冷战思维ColdWarmentality

继续积极参与经济全球化。

Thecond,wewill

abandonthetraditional

approachadoptedbyemerging

greatpowersinmodernhistory

aswellastheColdWar

mentalitywhichdividedthe

worldintotwoparties

accordingtotheirideology.

Instead,wewillkeeponwith

ouractiveparticipationin

economicglobalization.

Thecondistoavoidnot

onlytheconventional

developmentmodelofemerging

bigpowersinmodernworld

history,butalsotheColdWar

mentalitythatdrawstheline

betweenfriendsandenemieson

ideologicalbasis,continuing

tostayengagedintheeconomic

globalizationprocess.

以意识形态划线drawsthelinebetween

friendsandenemiesonideologicalbasis

参与stayengagedin

中国不走一战时的德国、二战时

的德国和日本那种以暴力手段去

掠夺资源谋求世界霸权的道路；

也不走二战后那种冷战对峙、称

霸争霸的道路。

Chinawillneveradoptbrutal

meansinekofglobal

hegemonyasGermanydidduring

WorldWarⅠandbothGermany

andJapandidduringWorldWar

Ⅱ,neitherwillChinalaunch

aColdWarinordertoachieve

globalhegemony.

Chinawillneitherfollowthe

approachofGermanyandJapan,

bothofwhomsoughtworld

dominationintheFirstand

SecondWorldWarsbylooting

resourcesaroundtheworldby

force,norwillittakethe

post-World-War-ⅡCold-War

confrontationalapproachin

世界霸权worlddomination/hegemony

对峙confrontation

走……道路take…approach

thepowerstruggleforworld

hegemony.

在经济全球化进程中，中国将一

方面借鉴乃至引进其他国家各种

有益成果，另一方面依靠自己建

设有中国特色的社会主义，最终

走向和平崛起。

Duringtheprocessofeconomic

globalization,Chinawillon

theonehand,learnexperience

orevenimportbeneficial

practicesfromother

countries,ontheother,rely

onitlftoconstructa

socialistsocietyofChine

characteristics,and

thereforeachieveitspeaceful

ri.

Rather,inparticipatingin

theeconomicglobalization

process,Chinawill,ontheone

hand,drawuponandeventake

invariouskindsof

achievementsfromother

countries,and,ontheother,

relyuponitlfinbuildinga

socialisticcountrywith

Chinecharacteristics,

eventuallyheadingtowardthe

peacefulriofthenation.

借鉴，利用drawupon

引进takein

引进其他国家各种有益成果takein

variouskindsofachievementsfromother

countries

依靠自己relyupononelfindoingsth

建设由中国特色的社会主义builda

socialisticsocietywithChine

characteristics

走向headtoward

第三大战略，是超越不合时

宜的社会治理模式，致力于构建

和谐社会。

Thethird,wewillabandon

theout-of-datepublic

governancemodel,andinstead,

makeanall-outefforttobuild

aharmonioussociety.

Thethirdstrategyisto

transcendtheanachronistic

publicgovernancemodeland

commititlftothebuild-up

ofaharmonioussociety.

不合时宜的，过时的anachronistic

社会治理模式publicgovernancemodel

致力于commitonelftosth

构建和谐社会build-upofaharmonious

society

面对中国过在改革开放中出现的出现cropup

活力与失范并存、效率与失衡同

在的新问题，中国领导层着眼于

构建政府调控机构，提高执政水

平、改进社会服务。

Inordertotacklethe

co-existenceofvitalityand

disorderandtheco-existence

ofefficiencyandimbalance

whicharoduringtheprocess

ofreformandopening-up,

Chinegovernmenthasbeen

addressinggreatemphasison

constructingagovernmental

economicinterventional

institution,aswellas

developinggovernment’s

governanceabilityand

improvingsocialrvice.

Facedwiththenewproblems

croppingupduringtheopening

upperiodofvitality

coexistingwithdisorderand

efficiencyrunningalongside

imbalance,theChine

governmentisnowfocusingits

effortonframinga

governmentalregulatory

mechanismsoastoenhance

governancecapabilityand

improvepublicrvice.

活力与失范并存coexistenceofvitality

anddisorder=vitalitycoexistingwith

disorder

效率与失衡同在coexistenceof

efficiencyandimbalance=efficiency

coexistingwithimbalance

着眼于focusone’fforton

构建frame

政府调控机构governmentalregularoty

mechanism

提高enhance

（政府）执政水平governancecapacity

中国在21世纪上半叶的这三

大战略，归结起来，其要义就是

坚持对外和平、对内和谐。

Inshort,theesnceof

China’smajorstrategiesin

thefirsthalfof21stcentury

istodealwithforeignaffairs

peacefullyanddomestic

affairsharmoniously.

maintainpeaceful

relationshipwiththeoutside

worldandbuildaharmonious

societyathome.

对外和平maintainapeaceful

relationshipwiththeoutsideworld

对内和谐buildaharmonioussocietyat

home

其着眼点就是要引导13亿中国着眼点keypoint

人，在应对上述新的挑战中，奋

发图强，在同世界的互利共赢中

尽其所能，不仅使自己的日子过

得好一些，而且对全人类的贡献

大一些。

Thekeypointofthemajor

strategiesistoguideChine

peopletogoallouttomakethe

countrystrong,andtotry

theirutmosttoachievethe

commonbenefitsofthesame

worldindealingwiththenew

challenges,andtherebybetter

theirownlifeandto

contributemoretohumankinds

asawhole.

Thekeypointistolead

China’s1.3billionpeopleto

braceupforthe

above-mentionednew

challengesandgoalloutto

process,Chinawilltryits

utmosttostrikewin-windeals

withothercountriesofthe

world,notonlytomakeitlf

alittlebetteroff,butalso

contributebitmoretothe

humankindasawhole.

振奋精神braceup

奋发图强goallouttomakeourcountry

strong

尽其所能tryone’sutmost

互利共赢(strike/enterinto/conclude)

win-windealswithothernationsinthe

world

此处的“应对挑战”有雄起的意思，所以可

译为braceup=riup

Ri/braceuptothe

cris/challenges/emergency/daunting

task