八年级下册英语第一单元

人教版英语八年级下Unit1What’sthematter

一、重点单词及用法

-feet单复数的考察常用复数同：tooth-teeth

eg：Look,myf_____areverybig,butthenewshoesaresosmall.

h变复数词尾直接+sstomachs

eg：Thechildrencan’teattoomuchice-creambecauit’sbadfortheir

s_______.

3.X-ray冠词考察无特指情况下用anX-ray

躺-lay（过去式）-lying（现在分词）躺liedown躺下

eg：Theyare_______（lie）onthebeachandhavingagoodtime

ger乘客复数pasngers

eg：Therewereten__________onthebusatthattime.

en.绷带v.用绷带包扎

eg：Canyouputthebandageonthecut（改为同义句）

Canyou_________yourlf

复数kilos

eg：Howmany______oftomatoesdoyouwant

复数knives

eg：Don’tplaywithmaycutyourfingers.

.死亡diev.死亡-died（过去式）-dying（现在分词）dead（形容

词死亡的）

eg：Thedog’s______madehimverysad.

生病的既可以作表语又可以做定语besick=beill

eg：Wearegoingtovisit_______childreninhospital.

二、重点短语

haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒cough咳嗽liedown躺下

takeone’stemperature量体温haveafever发烧

take/havebreaks/abreak休息=take/havearestgetoff下车-geton

上车

toone’ssurpri令某人惊讶的是rightaway立刻马上=right

now

getinto（trouble）陷入（麻烦）getsunburned被晒伤

beudto（doing）习惯于适应于......takerisks/arisk去冒险

runout（of）用完用尽cutoff切除

getoutof离开从......出来beincontrolof掌管管

理

giveup（doing）放弃（做）某事haveastomachache胃痛

getanX-ray做一个X射线检查thanksto......由于多亏

intime及时ontime准时thinkabout考虑thinkof认为

falldown摔倒makeadecision作决定

put......on......把....放在...上beinterestedin对...

感兴趣

三、用法总结

dosth需要做某事

eg:Theteacherneeds_____(rest)forafewminutes.

like意为“听起来像”后接n./adj./句子

eg:Itsoundslikeagoodidea.

类似的感官动词+like：feellike/smelllike/looklike/taste

like/emlike

sound+adj.结构中，sound是系动词意为“听起来是”后接形容词

eg：Thatsoundsgreat.

+n./doing（v.现在分词）Hewenttoschoolwithouthaving

breakfast.

eg：Helefttheclassroomwithout________anything

v.同意，赞成

agreewithsb/某人的意见看法Doessheagreewithus

agreetodosth同意做某事Theyagreedtosolvetheproblem.

problems(in)doingsth做某事有困难=havetrouble/difficulty

(in)doing

haveproblemswithsth=havetrouble/difficultywithsth在某方面

有困难

eg：Oneofmygoodfriendssaidhehadproblems__________(learn)English.

getudtodoingsth习惯于做某事

eg：Heudtogetuplate,butnowheisudtogettingupearly.

udtodosth过去常常做某事（现在不做了）

eg：HeudtoreadEnglishintheevening.

usthtodosth使用用某物做某事

eg：Soheudknifetocutoffhisarm.

beudtodosth被动被用于做某事

eg：Thenewpensareudtopaintthewall.

one’slife丧失生命saveone’slife挽救某人的生命

eg：Helosthislifeinthecaraccident.

adj.足够的充足的后接名词money

adv.足够地修饰形容词/副词enough要后置

eg：Thebookis_______,butIdon’thaveenoughmoney______it.

interesting;tobuyenough;tobuy

enough;buyinginteresting;buying

ortanceof(doing)sth（做）某事的重要性

importantadj.重要的unimportantadj.不重要的importancen.重要性

eg：Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.

n.决定makeadecision(todosth)

decidetodosth决定做某事decidenottodosth决定不做某事

eg：TommadeadecisiontostudyEnglishwell.

up放弃

giveup是动词+副词结构接代词作宾语时代词放中间

eg：Theproblemissodifficultforyou,butdon’t_______

upitoutupitoutit

giveupdoingsth放弃做某事

eg：Youwillbeverysadifyougiveup______(sing).

用法

keepondoingsth继续做某事（中间有间隔强调重复性）

eg：Hekeptonstudyingthoughhewasverytired.

keepdoingsth继续不停地做某事（不间断连续性）

eg：Keepwalkinguntilyoureachtheendoftheroad.

keepsbdoing让某人一直做某事

eg：Don’tkeeptheotherstudentswaiting.

keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事

eg：Weshouldkeepthelittleboyfromsteppingonthegrass.

用法

find找到，强调寻找的结果lookfor强调寻找过程findout找出查明

eg：Iwaslookingformywatch，butIdidn’tfindit.

findsbdoingsth发现某人正在做某事

eg：WhenIwalkedalongtheroad,Ifoundanoldmanshoutingforhelp.

findit+adj形容词+todosth发现做某事是...的

eg：Shefoundithardtofinishtheworkbyherlf.

risks=takearisk冒险Helikestakingrisks.

riskone’slifetodo冒着生命危险去做某事

eg：Heriskedhislifetosavethechild.

riskdoingsth

eg:ThemancalledTomoftenrisksflyingoverthea.

四、短语辨析

oingsth看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）

esbdosth看见某人做某事（看到动作全过程或者经常看到动作发生）

eg：IsawtheboycryingwhenIpasdby（路过）.

类似的hear/watch/notice/find+sbdo/doingsth

thanksto多亏...由于....=withthehelpof/withone’s

help=becauof

thanksfor因.......而感谢强调感谢的原因

eg：Thankstomyteacher,Ipasdtheexam.

forinvitingme.

及时表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生

ontime准时按时指正好在规定时间内

eg：Thanksforcomingheretohelpmeintime.

Thetrainarrivedintothestationontime.火车准时进站了。

bout考虑thinkof认为；想起

eg：Ionlythoughtaboutsavingtheboywithoutthinkingaboutanything.

Thepicturemakesmethinkofmygrandfather.

WhatdoyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher=Howdoyoulikeyourteacher

y;toomuch;muchtoo;

toomany;toomuch修饰名词toomany+可数名词;toomuch+不可数名词

eg：toomanypeopletoomuchwater/homework

muchtoo修饰adj.形容词

eg：Don’teat_____junkfood,oryouwillbe____fat.

o;toomuchmany;toomanymuch;muchtoomuch;toomany

sting有趣的一般修饰物interested感兴趣的一般修

饰人

习惯用法：get/become/beinterestedinsth/doingsth对......感兴趣

eg：Shebecameinterestedinsingingsongs.

Thestoryisinterestingandallofusareinterestedinit.

e连词后接句子

becauof介词短语后接名词/动名词/代词

eg：Ididn’tgooutlastnightbecauoftheheavyrain.

=Ididn’tgooutlastnightbecauitrainedheavily.

...that...如此......以至于......引导结果状语从句

sothat以便，为了引导目的状语从句

eg：Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tdressherlf.（结果）

Theteacherspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.

（目的）

so+adj/adv+that从句=too+adj/adv+todosth（太...而不能......）

Sheistooyoungtodressherlf.

ntrolof控制管理主动；反义词组-beoutofcontrol无法

管理

beinthecontrolof被控制管理在...的控制之下被动.

eg：Ateachermustbeincontrolofhisclass.

of用完，用尽人作主语Wehaverunoutofourmoney.

runout用完，用尽物作主语主语一般为时间金钱Ourtimeisrunning

out.

生病的，有病的可以作表语也可以做定语

ill生病的，有病的只可以作表语比较级为wor最高级为worst

illness名词生病

eg：Shecan’tgotoschoolbecausheisill/becauofherillness.

Pleatakegoodcareofthesickboy.

/wish/hope

expect预计；期望，希望expecttodo/expectsbtodosth/expect+that

从句

eg：Heexpectstowintheprize.

wish希望；祝愿可能性较小wishtodosth/wishsbtodosth/

eg：Iwishtoflyinthesky.

hope可能性较大希望hopetodosth/hope+that从句

（没有hopesbtodosth）

eg：Ihopetoeyousoon.

下车geton上车多指从公交车火车飞机下来空间大的交通工

具

getoutof从...出来getin上去指上下小型交通工具汽车出租车

eg：LucyisgettingonthebuswhileIamgettingoff.

(fell)down与falloff

falldown意为“倒下”，在平面摔倒；falloff意为“跌落”强调从某处

掉了下来

联系falldownfrom（从......摔下）=falloff

eg：Whenthelittlegirlranacrossthestreet,shefelldown

Hefelloffthebikeandbrokehislegs.

四、语法大点

1.询问对方哪里不舒服，或者遇到什么麻烦以及回答

问：What’sthematter（withyou）=What’sthetroubl（withyou）=

What’swrong（withyou）=Whathappened（toyou）

=What’sup（withyou）

答：Ihaveacold（感冒）=Igetacold=Icatchacold=Ihavetheflu.

haveabad/terrible/heavycold（重感冒）havealittlecold（轻

感冒）

Ihaveafever（发烧）Ihaveacough（咳嗽）

Ihaveastomachache/headache/toothache/backache（胃痛/头疼/牙疼

/后背疼）

Ihaveasorethroat/soreknee/sorefeet（嗓子疼/膝盖疼/脚疼）

2.情态动词should意为“应该”

课本原句：Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.

Heshouldliedownandrest.

HeshouldadentistandgetanX-ray.

ShouldIputsomemedicineonit

注意：should没有人称和数的变化

它和其后的动词原形一起做谓语

句式变化：

肯定句：主语+should+动词原形+其他

eg：Youshouldreadhisnewbook.

否定句：主语+should+not+动词原形+其他

eg：Youshouldn’teatanything.

一般疑问句式：Should+主语+动词原形+其他

eg：ShouldItrusthim

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他

eg：Whenshouldwego

具体用法：

表示委婉地提出建议与意见

eg：Youshouldtakesomemedicine.

表示职责与义务

eg：Asastudent,youshouldworkhard.

表示推测意为“应该可能”对现在或者未来的推测

eg：Mybrothershouldgettherelefthomeat7:00.

3.反身代词

课本原文：Butthedriverdidn’tthinkabouthimlf

HehurthimlfinApril26,2003,hefoundhimlfinavery

dangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.

含义：表示反射或者强调自己的代词叫反身代词，意为“自己，亲自”

具体构成：

第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数mylfyourlfhimlfherlf

itlf

复数ourlvesyourlvesthemlves

常见搭配：

enjoyonelf=havefun=haveagoodtime

teachonelf=learn...byonelf

byonelf=alone独自

helponelftosth请随便吃...

introduceonelfto向...自我介绍

dressonelf自己穿衣服

leavesb,byonelf把某人单独留下

speaktoonelf自言自语

loonelf迷失

注：反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致