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一、常见的词根
1。able,abil=able能够
ability,able,disable,enable
2。Act=do做
Actor,actress,activity,action,active,actual,
actually,exact,react,
3。Ag=do,做
Agent,agency
4。Art=art艺术
Art,article,artist,
5。Astro,aster=star星星
Astronomy,astronaut,disaster,
6。Ball,bol=fight打架
Ballroom,balloon,symbol
7。Ba=ba基础
Baball,
8。Bell,bel=war,fight战争
Rebel,
,cid=fall落下
Casual,casually,occasion,accident,
,ceive,cip,cup=hold抓住
accept,except,receive,receipt,principal,
11。cap=head头
Captain,capital,
12。Cycle,circle=circle圈
Bicycle,recycle,circus,
13。Dic=write写
Diction,prediction,
14。Doub=double双
Double,doubt
15。Duct,duc=say说
Educate,education,reduce,conduct,
16。Fall,fail,fault=err错误
17。Fer=catch捉住
Offer,infer,different,difference,prefer,
suffer,
=flow流动
Fluent,fluency,influence,
,fort=strong
Force,forceful,effort,comfortable,
discomfortable
20。Form=shape形状
Formal,inform,information,reform,
transform,uniform,perform,performance,
,friger=cold冷
Refrigerator
,=pour倒
Confu,confusion,refu,
,gister=carry,bring搬运
Suggest,suggestion,
24。Grad=step,grade阶段
Grade,graduate,gradual,centigrade,
25。Graph,gram=write,写
Photograph,telegraph,program,diagram
26。grat,gree=pleasing,满意
Gratitude,grateful,grace,agreement,disagree,
27。Gress=go,walk走
Progress,
28。Habit=dowell做
Habit,
=chance机会
Perhaps,happen,happy,happiness,
30。Lect,lig=choo,gather,收集
Collect,collection,elect,neglect,lect,
31。Long=leng长度
Belong,length,
,manu=hand手
Manage,manager,maintain,
33。Mark=sigh,标记
Marked,remark,landmark,bookmark,
34。Memor=memory记忆
Memory,memorize,remember,
35。Ment=mind介意,想法
mention,comment,remind
36。Miss,mit=nd,cast投送
Dismiss,promi,
37。Mod=mode,manner举止
Modest,model,modern
=deny否定
Neglect,negative,
39。Part,port=part,divide,分割
Apartment,depart,department,partner,
40。Pass=passthrough通过
Passage,pasnger,passport,
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41。Pend,pens=hang悬挂
Depend,independent,spend,
42。Per=try尝试
Experiment,experience,
=flat平坦
Plate,platform,
=fold折叠
Apply,reply,supply,
,punct=point,makesharp,尖,尖端
pointed,pointer,appoint,appointment,
disappoint,
46。Police=state,city城市,地区,国家
Police,policy,politics,
47。Popul,publ=people人们
Population,popular,public,publish,
48。Port=carry运送
export,support,transport,
49。Press=press按压
Pressure,compress,express,expression,
impressive,
50。Prim=first,chief,第一,主要
Primary,primer,
,=take拿取
Surpri,
,quir,quis,quer=ek,arch,搜
索
Quest,inquest,question,request,conquer,
53。Quiet,qui=still安静
Quiet,quietly,quickly
54。Quit=free自由
Quit,
=salt盐
Salt,salty,salad,salary,
56。Sci=know知道
Science,scientist,scientific,
57。Sence,nt=feel感觉
Sen,nsible,nonn,
58。Serv=rve,keep保持
Service,rvant,derve,obrve,
=sit,坐
President,consider,
60。Sigh=mark,标记
Signal,assign,assignment,design,
61。Sist-stand站立
Assist,assistant,consist,exist,
,summ=addup添加
Sum,summit,summary,summarize,
63。Tele=far远的
Telegraph,telephone,television,
二.常见的前缀
1。表示否定意义的前缀
1)纯否定前缀
dis—,dishonest,dislike
im-,ir-,impossible,irregular
ne-,n-,none,neither,never
non—,nonn
neg-,neglect
un—unable,unemployment
2)表示错误的意义
mis—,mistake,mislead,
3)表示反动作的意思
de—,defend,
un—,unload,uncover
2。表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀
a-在…之上,向…”aboard,aside,above,
en-,表示“在内,进入”encage,enjoy,enrich,
ex—,表示“外部,外”exit,expand,export,
except,
fore-“在前面"forehead,foreground,
in—,il—,im—(用于b,m,p之前),ir—,表
示“向内,在内,背于”inside,import
inter—,表示“在……间,相互”international,
interaction,internet
intro-,表示“向内,在内,内侧”introduce,
introduction
mid—,表示“中,中间”midnight,
out—,表示“在上面,在外部,在外”outline,
outside,outward
over-,表示“在上面,在外部,向上"overlook,
overhead,overboard
pre-,表示"在前”在前面”prefix,preface,
prepare
pro—,表示“在前,向前”progress,proceed,
sub-,表示“在下面,下"subway,
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super—,sur—,表示“在…。。之上”surface,
supermarket,superman,
trans—,表示“移上,转上,在那一边”translate,
transform,
under-,表示“在…。。下面,下的”underline,
underground,underwater
up-,表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward,uphill(上
坡)upstairs,
3。表示时间,序列关系的前缀
fore—,表示“在前面,先前,前面”forecast,
foretell
mid-,表示“中,中间"midnight,midsummer
post—"表示“在后,后”postwar,
pre-,表示“在前,事先,预先”prewar,prehistory
re-,表示“再一次,重新”retell,rewrite,repeat,
4。表示比较程度差别关系的前缀
over-,表示“超过,过度,太”overeat,oversleep
5。表示共同,相等意思的前缀
co—表示“共同,一起”.connect,collect,
sym—,表示“同,共,和,类"sympathy
6。表示整个完全意思的前缀
al—表示“完整,完全”alone,almost,overall
over-表示“完全,全”overall,overflow(充满)
7.表示分离,离开意思的前缀
a-,表示“分离,离开”away,apart,abstain
de-表示“离去,处去”depart,
8。表示通过,遍及意思的前缀
per—,pel—,通,总,遍perfect,perform,
trans—,横过,贯通transparent,transport
9。表示加强意思的前缀
a-,arou,ashamed
ad—,adjoin,
10。表示变换词类作用的前缀
be—,befriend,
en—,enable,enrich
ad—,at-,adapt,attend,attract,
11.表示数量关系的前缀
twi—,表示“二,两,双”twin
centi—,表示"百,百分之一”centimeter
kilo—,表示"千,千分之一kilometer
micro—,表示”万,万分之一"microvolt
13.表示术语的前缀
aud-,表示“听,声”audience,
bio-,表示“生命,生物"biography(传记)
ge-,表示“地球,大地"geography
phon—,“声,音调"phone,phonograph
tele—,表示“远离”television,telephone
三。常见的后缀
1。名词后缀
(1)具有某种职业或动作的人
—an,-ian,…地方的人American,
—ant,—ent,"…者"agent,rvant,student,
—ar,"……的人"scholar,liar,
-ary,”从事……的人"cretary,
—ant,”具有…责的人”graduate
-ator,”做……的人”educator,
—ee,”动作承受者”employee,examinee
—eer,”从事于…人"engineer,volunteer
-er,表示”从事某种职业的人,某地区人"banker,
obrver,Londoner,villager
-e,表示”…国人,”Japane,Chine
—ess,阴性人称名词,actress,hostess,
—ian,表示”…地方人,信仰….教的人,从事…职
业的人"Christian,musician
—ist,表示”从事…研究者,信仰…主义者”pianist,
dentist,artist,chemist
—or,表示”…者”author,doctor,operator,
-yer,表示”从事……职业者”lawyer
(2)。构成,具有抽象名词的含义
-age,表示"状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称"
courage,storage,marriage
—ance,—ence表示”性质,状况,行为,过程,
总量,程度”importance,diligence,difference,
—ancy,—ency,表示"性质,状态,行为,过
程"frequency,urgency,
—bility,表示”动作,性质,状态”possibility,
-craft,表示”工艺,技巧”woodcraft,handicraft,
statecraft(治国策)
-dom,表示”等级,领域,状态"freedom,
kingdom,wisdom
—faction,—facture,表示”做成,……化,作用"
satisfaction,
-hood,表示”资格,身份,年纪,状态"childhood,
manhood,
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—ice,表示”行为,性质,状态”notice,justice,
rvice
—ine,"带有抽象概念"medicine,
-ing,"动作过程结果"building,writing,
-ion,-sion,-tion,—ation,—ition,”行为的
过程,结果,状况”action,solution,conclusion,
expression,correction
-ment,表示”行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果
treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,
argument
—ness,表示"性质,状态,程度"goodness,
kindness,,friendliness
-or,”动作,性质,状态”favor,error,
—ship,情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业
hardship,membership,friendship
—th,表示"动作,性质,过程,状态”depth,wealth,
truth,length,growth
-tude,”性质,状态,程度”altitude
—ure,"行为,结果”,pressure,failure,
—y,表示"行为的结果,状态,性质”,history,
victory,
(3)带有场所,地方的含义
-age,表示”住所,地点”village,
—ary,表示"住所,场地”library,
-ory,表示”工作场所,住处"factory,dormitory,
laboratory,obrvatory
(4)带有学术,科技含义
-ology,"学论"biology,technology
—nomy,”…学术”astronomy,economy,
—ery,表示”学科,技术"chemistry,
-y,表示”……学,术,法"photography,
(5)表示人和事物的总和,集合含义
—hood,neighborhood,womanhood
(6)表示物品和物质名称的含义
-ing,clothing,matting,
—ment,instrument,equipment,
(7)表示“细小”的含义
-ling,duckling,
—y,baby,doggy
2.形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义
—able,suitable,comfortable,
-al,natural,additional,educational
—ant,—ent,distant,important,excellent
-ar,similar,popular,regular
-ice,ical,politic,historic,physical,
-ing,moving,touching,
-ish,foolish,,lfish
—ive,active,impressive,
(2)表示“相象,类似”的含义
—ish,boyish,childish
—like,manlike,childlike
—some,troublesome,handsome
(3)表示“充分的"含义
-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,
-ous,dangerous,generous,various
(4)由某种物质形成,制成或生产的
-en,wooden,golden,woolen
-fic,scientific
(5)表示方向的含义
—ern,eastern,western
-ward,downward,forward
(6)表示“倍数”的含义
—ble,double,
(7)表示“数量关系”的含义
—teen,thirteen,fourteen
—ty,fifty,sixty
—th,fourth,fiftieth
(8)表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义
—an,Roman,European
—e,Chine,
—ish,English,Spanish
(9)表示“比较程度"的含义
—er,greater
—ish,reddish,yellowish
—est,highest
-most,foremost,topmost
(10)其他的含义
-less,表示否定,countless,wireless
3。动词后缀
-ize,i,表示"做成,变成,organize
—en,表示"使成为,引起,使有”quicken,weaken,
soften,
—fy,表示”使……化,使成”beautify,
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—ish,表示"使,令”finish,
-ate,表示“成为…,处理,作用"parate,operate,
4。副词后缀
—ly,possibly,swiftly,simply
-ward,-wards,downward,upward
-ways,always,sideways,
—wi,otherwi,clockwi
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