复兴中学

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综合练习一（共60分钟100分）

阅读练习

四、词汇（10%）

TianjinEco-City,thebest-knowneco-cityprojectinChina,16,000residentsas

wellas5,000workersfiveyearsafteritsfirststageopened,accordingtothedeveloper.

Theenvironment-friendlycitywillbeableto2asmanyas350,000peoplewhenitis

fullycompletedin2020,saidHoTongYen,chiefexecutiveofficerofthedeveloper,Sino-Singapore

TianjinEco-cityInvestmentandDevelopmentCoLtd.

Hosaidhehasstartedtoelong3atcanteensforlunch.

“avesome4,000peopleworkingthereand

some6,000residents,includingemployeesofcompaniesonsiteandthelocalgovernment.”

Hesaidthere’sno4numberforthefuturepopulationnearthecoastalmetropolisof

nEco-Cityistheresultofa5proposalin2007bythenChine

PremierWenJiabaoandSingapore’sformerSeniorMinisterGohChokTongtobuildacitythatis

sociallyharmonious,environmentallyfriendly,resource-6andamodelforsustainabledevelopment.

Accordingtothe7,thecitywillincludegreenspaces,restoredwetlands,eco-valley,

bicycletracks,wineturbines,skatingpark,internationalschool,kindergartenandofficebuildings.

Around1,000companiesareregisteredinthenewcityandHosayshe8morewhena

lightrailsystemiscompleted.

Theemphasiswillchangeasthecity9,fromdesignto

technologiestopoliciesandeventuallytoadvocatingchangesinlifestyleandmoresustainableliving

asmorepeoplemovein,thecitymost10remblesTampines,anewtowninSingapore,hesaid.

s

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五、完型（15%）

Patientsanddoctorshavelongunderstoodthepoweroftellingandlisteningtopersonal

ramongpatientsinpeersupportgroupsorbetweendoctorsandpatientsinthe

examroomorevenbetweendoctorsduringconsultations,11areanesntialpartofhow

wecommunicate,12experiencesandaddnewinformationtoourlives.

13theexistenceofstorytellinginmedicine,rearchonits14inthe

mportant,avastmajorityofstudieshaven'tbeen

badon15,offeringupneitherdatanorstatisticsbutratherstoriesto16

theauthors’AnnalsofInternalMedicinehaspublishedtheresultsofa

provocative(煽动的)newtrialexaminingtheeffectsofstorytellingonpatientswithhighblood

ppearsthatatleastforonegroupofpatients,listeningtopersonalnarrativeshelped

controlhighbloodpressureaffectivelyastheadditionofmore17.

“Tellingandlisteningtostoriesisthewaywemakenofourlives,”K.

Houston,leadauthorofthestudy.“Thatnaturaltendencymayhavethepotentialtoalterpeople’s

18andimprovehealth.”

Expertsinthimergingfieldofnarrativecommunicationsaythatstorytelling

19fightsagainsttheinitialdenialthatcanariwhenapatientlearnsofanewdiagnosisorisaskedto

tsmayreacttothisnewsbythinking,“Thisisnotdirectlyrelated

tome,”or“Myexperienceisdifferent.”Storieshelp20thatdenialbyengagingthe

listener,oftenthroughsomedegreeofidentificationwiththe21oroneofthe

characters.“Themagicofstoriesliesinthe22theypromote,”nsaid.“23

haveknownthisforalongtime,whichiswhyyouesomanystoriesinadvertiments.”

niscurrentlyinvolvedinveralmorestudiesthatwillexaminethebroaderuof

storytellinginpatientcare.24,heremainscertainofonething:Sharingnarratives

canbeapowerfultoolfordoctorsandpatients.“Storytellingishuman,”nsaid.“Welearn

throughstories,’sanatural25oftraditionalmedicine

thatwecouldustoriestoimproveourhealth.”

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六、阅读（16%）

(A)

OnThursday,September1,1859,a33-year-oldamateurastronomernamedRichardCarrington

climbedthestairstohisprivateobrvatorynearLondon,andaswashishabitonasunnymorning,

racingsunspots

onapieceofpaperwhen,beforehiyes,“twodotsofextremelybrightandwhitelight”suddenly

dawnthenextdayenormousauroral(像极光的)

displaysofred,green,sin

theRockyMountains,mistakingtheauroraforsunri,gotupandstartedcookingbreakfast.

Theflare（耀斑）Carringtonhadobrvedsignaledasolarsuper-storm---anenormousoutburst

einvisiblewavestruck

theplanet’smagneticfield（磁场）,itcaudelectricalcurrentstomovethroughtelegraphlines.

Theblastknockedoutrviceatveralstations,buttelegrapherlwherefoundthattheycould

disconnecttheirbatteriesandgoonwithoperationsusingthegeomagnetic(地磁的)electricity

alone.

Operatorsoftoday’scommunicationsystemsandpowergrids（电网）wouldbelessfortunate.

Nosolarsuper-stormaspowerfulasthe1859eventhasoccurredsince,soitisdifficulttocalculate

whatimpactacomparablestormmighthaveontoday’amewiththe

QuebecblackoutofMarch13,1989,whenasolarstormroughlyathirdlesspowerfulthanthe

Carringtoneventknockedoutthepowergridrvingmorethansixmillioncustomersinlessthantwo

minutes’ngton-classstormcouldfrymoretransformers（变电器）thanthepower

companieshavestocked,leavingmillionswithoutlight,drinkablewater,heating,air-conditioning,

fuel,telephonervice,orevenfoodandmedicationsduringthemonthsitwouldtaketomanufacture

tNationalAcademyofSciencesreportestimatesthatsucha

stormcouldcautheeconomicdamageof20Katrina-classtornadoes,costingonetotwotrillion

dollarsinthefirstyearaloneandtakingadecadetorecoverfrom.

“Wecannotpredictwhatthesunwilldomorethanafewdaysaheadoftime,”saysKarelSchrijver

oftheSolarandAstrophysicsLaboratoryinPaloAlto,eriodofmaximumsolar

activityexpectedtobeginthisyear,space-weathercentresareaddingstaffandhopingforthebest.

“We’retryingtounderstandhowspaceweatheraffectssocietyandjusthowbaditcanget,”says

Schrijver.

pactdidsolarsuper-stormoccurringin1859makeontheearth?

yingbatteries.

eningmountaincampers.

nbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraphofthepassage?

becblackoutin1989wascaudbyaCarrington-classsolarstorm.

ngton-classsolarstormcaudgreatdamageof20Katrina-classtornadoes.

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super-stormcouldndmillionsofpeoplebacktoapre-electricwayoflife.

orsoftoday’scommunicationsystemsarelessfortunatethanthetelegraphersthen.

fthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

ys’warningofthesolarstormcanbegivenbythespace-weathercenter.

gtonprovidedahugecompleteimageofthesolarsurfacetheveryday.

super-stormcouldcaucommunicationblackoutaswellaspowerfailure.

ncreasinglydependingonelectricalequipmentandspace-badcommunications.

fthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

resandSunStorm

actofSolarStorms

(B)

Bynowyou’veprobablyheardaboutthe“you’renotspecial”speech,whenEnglishteacherDavid

McCulloughtoldgraduatingniorsatWellesleyHighSchool:“Donotgettheideayou’reanything

special,becauyou’renot.”Mothersandfathersattheceremony–andawholelotofotherparents

acrosstheInternet–tookissuewithMcCullough’tintheuproarwas

somethingwereallyshouldbetakingtoheart:ouryoungerpeopleactuallyhavenoideawhether

they’agernesstoelevatetheirlf-esteem,we

forgottoteachthemhowtorealisticallyassstheirownabilities,acrucialrequirementforgetting

,it’snotjustprivilegedhigh-schoolstudents:

wealltendtoviewourlvesasaboveaverage.

Suchinflated(夸大的)lf-judgmentshavebeenfoundinstudyafterstudy,andit’soften

exactlywhenwe’rel

a2006studypublishedinthejournalMedicalEducation,forexample,medicalstudentswhoscored

thelowestonanessaytestwerethemostcharitableintheirlf-evaluations,whilehigh-scoring

udents,theauthorsnote,“lackinsight”

uldthisbe?Anotherstudy,ledbyCornellUniversitypsychologist

DavidDunning,whoareincompetent,hewriteswith

coauthorJustinKruger,sufferfroma“dualburden”:they’renotgoodatwhattheydo,andtheirvery

inabilitypreventsthemfromrecognizinghowbadtheyare.

InDunningandKruger’sstudy,subjectsscoringatthebottomoftheheapontestsoflogic,

grammarandhumor“extremelyoverestimated”ghtheirtestscoresputthemin

the12thpercentile（百分位）,eindividualslacked(in

additiontoclearlogic,propergrammarandanofhumor)was“metacognitiveskill”:thecapacity

tomonitorhowwellthey’bnceofthatcapacity,thesubjectsarrivedatan

’saparadox(悖论)here,theauthorsnote:“The

skillsthatengender（使产生）competenceinaparticularfieldareoftentheverysameskillsnecessary

toevaluatecompetenceinthatfield.”

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,wecanlearntomakehonestcomparisons

ourlftorecognizeexcellence,evenwhenyouyourlfdon’tposssit,and

comparewhat,

ekoutfeedbackthatisfrequent,riticwhowilltellyounotonlyhow

poorlyyouaredoing,ingandKrugernote,

successindicatestousthateverythingwentright,butfailureismoreambiguous:anynumberofthings

xternalfeedbacktofigureoutexactlywhereandwhenyouscrewed

up.

Ifweadoptthestrategies–andmostimportantly,teachthemtoourchildren–theywon’tneed

parentsoracommencementspeakertotellthemthatthey’’llalreadyknowthatthey

are,orhaveaplantogetthatway.

poofthespeechbyDavidMcCulloughistoleadpeopletofocusontherealproblem

that.

sdon’tknowwhethertheirchildrenaretalentedornot.

eopledon’tknowhowtoassstheirabilitiesrealistically

alrequirementhasn’tbeentupforyoungpeopletogetbetter

alwaystendtoconsiderthemlvestobeaboveaverage

d“stringently”(intheparagraph2)canbebestreplacedby.

fthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutpoorstudentsaccordingtothepassage?

uallygivethemlveshighscoresinlf-evaluation.

ndtobeunabletoknowexactlyhowbadtheyare.

einadequateinlogic,languageandanofhumor.

cktheabilitytomonitorhowwellthey’reperforming.

ngofbecomingspecial,thebeststrategiessuggestedbytheauthorarethat.

rparentsnoracommencementspeakercantellwhetheroneisspecial

lknowwhereandwhenhefailsthroughcomparisonwithothers

uldcarefullystudypastsuccessandfailureinordertogetbetter

internalhonestywithourlvesandexternalhonestyfromothers

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参考答案

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