国际英标

国际音标发音表

英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，

2个半元音，3个似拼音

一、元音

1、12个单元音

长元音[i:][E:][O:][u:][A:]

短元音[i][E][O][u][V][Q][e]

2、8个双元音:[ai][ei][Oi][iE][CE][uE][Eu][au]

二、辅音10对

清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][T][S][tS][tr][ts]

浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][D][Z][dZ][dr][dz]

三、3个鼻音[m][n][N]

四、3个似拼音[h][r][l]

五、2个半元音[w][j]

六、巧记48个国际音标

单元音共十二，四二六前中后。

双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，

四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，

有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

七、关于语音的几个概念:

AHD表示美语发音,TheAmericanHeritageDictionaryofthe

EnglishLanguage（简称AHD）

KK音标是一套用于标注美式发音的符号系统,这是一套最常用的也

是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。

DJ是根据英国学者DanielJones编的英语发音字典(English

PronouncingDictionary,1963)中的标音而来.

英式读音根据的是EnglishPronouncingDictionary《英语正

音辞典》。它们代表了被称为“ReceivedPronuciation”（RP）（标

准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。

1888年国际语音协会(InternationalPhoneticAssociation)的

语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号(IPA

─InternationalPhoneticAlphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，

并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。

音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.

音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.58英语学习

元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部

分.英语中有20个元音.

辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组

成部分,英语中有28个辅音.

1、开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e如:kitecakenamebike

maketakehomeplaneshine

2)辅音+元音如:hehigonodobetreethreehello

2、闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音:sitbedbadbaghothopletmad

maphead

2)元音+辅音如:itisofinonupoutant

Achickenisinthekitchen./Ahorisinthehou.

Amouisinthecat’smouth.

Asheepeatssomebeefanddrinkssomegreentea

1、元音:

1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeie

threetreegreensheepmeetbeefeek

eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakclean

piecereceiveceiling

2)[i]发音字母iye

sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmiss

mythmanytwentyhappydictionary

defectdecidedelicious

3)[æ]发音字母a

baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshall

man58英语学习网

4)[e]字母组合eaea

headbreadpleasure

elephantelectricrememberllshelllessonbetterbeddesk

hotelyes

manyany

5)[ε:]字母组合irureareror

girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird

turnburnmurdernurturtleThursdayburger

learnearnearthheard

termhernerdrve

workwormworkworld

6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu

teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder

doctoractormayorauthortractor

deliciousgraciouspleasure

familiarcollardollar

togethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrol

aroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchina

menlisten

famulusSaturday

7)[a:]字母组合ara

carfarmcardarmgarden

fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm

8)[:]发音字母uoouoo

upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus

comemotherdobrotherloveabove

troubleroughflourish

bloodflood

9)[]字母组合alorauourar

smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk

shortmorelordhorforfortysportdoorfloorstore

authorcaughtautumn

fourmourncourtbought

warmquarrelquarter

10)[]发音字母oa

hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot

wantwashwatch

11)[u:]字母组合ooou

foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgootooth

shoedotwo

truetruthbluefullprude

12)[u]字母组合ooouuo

lookgoodfootbookwood

shouldcould

putfullbullpullpush

womanwolf

13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey

namecakelategateplaneApril

playsaymayway

greatbreak

rainpaintplain

theygrey

14)[ai]发音字母iy

bikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh

mytryflyeye

15)[au]字母组合ouow

hououtflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmou

flowerdownnowcowhowtown

16)[εu]发音字母oowoa

homecoldgonophonehostghost

knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow

boatcoatgoal

17)[]字母组合oyoi

boytoyjoy

oilsoilvoicechoice

18)[iε]字母组合eerear

beerdeer

earnear

herefierceidea

19)[]字母组合earairere

pearbear

chairairfair

therewhere

care

20)[uε]字母组合ourower

hourtour

flowershower

2、容易混淆的元音

[A][e]

badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid

[i：][ei]

realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid

[e][ai]

betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide

[aU][R：]

houhorloudlordsouthsaucecloudclaunownorcount

corn

[aU][Q]

foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton

[A][Q]

fanfuntantunsansontanktun

3、辅音

1)penpearplaypigpourpullpush

2)bookbigbootbikebreadbreak

3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity

4)[d]doordulldeskdododogdictionary

5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)

cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母

c)

foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)

schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)

6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage

7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb

8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean

9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk58英语

singkingmorningevening

10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack

worldcoldcouldgoalsoul

11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite

12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife

coughlaughroughphysicphotophone

13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest

of

14)[s]sixsitstudentsameatkissmisscascarf(发音

字母s)

licencityceacedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)

piecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)

15)[z]zoozebrazerozap

clonohosuppopauthowho

16)[W]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth

17)[T]thatthisthothethough

18)[F]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash

nationattentionstation

socialspecial

sure

19)[V]pleasure

20)[h]hothophomehouhorhowwho

21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood

22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow

23)[tF]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach

24)[dV]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge

joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk

25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk

26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink

27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts

28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods

4、容易混淆的辅音

[v][w]

vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell

s][W]

sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought

[z][T]

cloclothbreezebreathe

[n][N]

thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing

5、字母，组合音节发音规律

1）a[ei][æ][[][a:][R]

lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage

activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag

acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema

fastlastglassclasspastfather

washwhatwatchwant

2）e[i:][e][[]不发音

appreciateextremelycretshemehe

letterleftmessagegeneratepebble

decideprettypreviousresultrestore

problemprosperousstudentconfident

activetablelatewifestorelecture

3）i[ai]

highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline

fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit

4）o[[J][J:][Q][[][R]

lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome

lodowhowhoprove

lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany

todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect

losthotmockofficesofthonest

5）u[ju][u][Q][[]

universityrefuuniqueuniverhuge

putpushpullfullbull

butbrushbucketduckbubble58英语学习

supportsuggest

6）c[k][s]

countrycampcameracouragecable

cityceilingcelebratecellcea

7）g[g][dV][N]

girlgradeglassgladebagflag

villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym

longsongsingmorningevening

8)l[l]读音不同

listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla

worldcoldsoiltallllcoolanimal

9)n[n][N]

moonnightnoodlenumber

unclehungryangryyoung

10)r[r][[](美语发音)

rightreadwritegradeprogress

cardboarddoorfloorformnorth

11）y[j][ai]

yellowyearyellyoungyolk

universitycountryprettyhappy

dykedyingflybuybymy

12）ar[a:][[][R:]

farmcardgardenmark

dollar

warmquarrelquarter

13)ea[i:][e][ei][i[]

ceaasonbreathefeaturemeatplea

breadbreastbreathmeadowweather

greatbreak

idearealize

14)ear[[:][i[]

learnearthearnheard

hearnearclearearfear

15)er[[:][[][i[]

derverveherperson

teacherdriverangersinger

riouxperiencemysteriousfierce

16）ere[i[][Z[]

heremereferere

there

17)ir[[:][ai]

shirtgirlskirt

admiredesire

18)oo[u:][u][Q][R:]

roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood

goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook

bloodflood

doorfloor

19)or[R:][[:][[]

shortformcornbornfor

workworldwormwordworst

tractordoctoractorctorniornator

20)oor[R:][J[]

doorfloor

moorpoorboor

21)our[J[][R:]

hourtourflourbournlour

pourcourtfourmourn

22)ou[au][Q][[]

houmouthmousoundfound

enoughtroubletouch

deliciousgraciousprosperous

23)ow[[J][au]

windowmeadowknowshowlow

nowtownhowdowncow

24)[z][s]

nosuppogoloporo

mouhou

25)th[W][T]

thankthinkthoughtcloth58英语学习

clothesthatthisthenthan

26)sion[F[n][V[n]

propulsiontensionprogressionpassion

protrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision

27)tion[F[n][tF[n](不常见)

stationnationtranslationattention

question