viviction

环球雅思VIP

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状语从句

课前词汇准备

captivity

killing

prervation

rightsactivists

species

suffering

testing

welfare

ersity

ghting

ve

station

sion

ntspecies

icalbalance

tem

eredanimals

t

ist

b

iously

acing

xpansion

elfare

gement

dsorrows

tinction

lhabitat

rinkof

extinction

chcentre

aloftheFittest

lutionary

process

-consuming

ction

ctionist

fe

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第一节时间状语从句

when,while(whilst),as

a)Sheleftschoolwhenshewas11.

b)Whenshesawthemou,shescreamed.

c)WhenI’dwrittenmyletters,Ididsomegardening.

d)Sheblusheswhenyoupraiher.

e)Whenhecomes,Iwillshowhimthephoto.

f)Whenyouhavehadyoursupper,comeandeme.

When表示过去、现在或将来某时

刻发生的事。从句与主句的动作可

以是同时或差不多同时发生的，也

可以有先后。注意时态的应用(a-f)：

1)从句将来时，主句现在时(e)；

2)从句先于将来时间的主句动作

时，从句用现在完成时(f)。

g)Hesawherwhen/as/whileshewasgettingoffthe

bus.

h)Whentheyarrivedwewerehavingdinner.

i)Asheslepthedreamedadream.

引导过去时态的句子，表示在某事

发生的过程中另外一件事发生(g)。

when的可放在句子任何位置(h)。

as有时也可用一般过去时(i)。

j)Whatareyoudoingwhilehewasgettingthedrinks?

k)Whileheread,Icookedthedinner.

两个同时进行的、延续时间较长的

动作时，一般能用while，动词可以

是过去进行时或一般过去时(j,k)。

若要说明两个正在发展或变化的情

况，通常用as(l,m)。

l)Shegetsmoreattractiveasshegetsolder.

m)Thethoughtgrewasthedaypasd.

n)Justas/whenhegotoffthebustherewasan

explosion.

o)Hecalledtomeas/whenIwalkedpast.

谈到两个同时发生的、短暂的动作

是，一般用(just)as,也可以用(just)

when。

p)IwaswalkingwhenIcameacrosshim.

q)Iwasjustgettingintothebathwhenthetelephone

rang.

When可表示一件突然的、意料之

外的事情。结构一：主句进行时，

后接when从句(a,b)。

结构二：与beaboutto或beonthe

point连用，表示正要开始做某事

时，另一件事发生了(c,d)。

r)Iwasabouttogotosleep,whentherewasaknock

onthewindow.

s)Iwasonthepointofleavingwhenyourang.

雅思例句

1)Whenlocalresourcesbecamedepleted,thetribemovedon.(C3T3R)

2)Whenitcomestohumanperceptions,firstimpressionscount.(C3GTBR)

3)Whentreesarecutdownandnaturalhabitatsdestroyed,weshouldprotectwildanimals

fromdyingout.

4)Wheneveryonerealistherisksofdeforestation,Iamsurethatthenaturalhabitatsof

wildlifewillbebetterconrved.

5)Whentheaudienceenjoyhorracingorbullfighting,theanimalsaresuffering.

6)Itisunnecessarytoconductexperimentsonanimalswhentherearealotofalternativesto

theexperiments.

7)Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants,twoofwhomdiedwhilsttheDictionarywasstillin

preparation.(C5T1R)

8)Whilewesaveendangeredspecies,weareinterferingwiththeevolutionaryprocess.

9)Forexample,polarbearsmaysuffersummerheatwhilelionssufferfreezingwinters.

10)Aswegotolder,weemedtohavemorecommoninterests.(C3T4S)

11)Thefrequencyofriotsrisdramaticallyastheweathergetswarmer.(C3T3R)

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12)Ashumanpopulationcontinuestogrow,theeffectsofpollutiononwildlifeworn.

13)Zoosmayprotectsomespeciesasthespeciesareonthebrinkofextinctionduetothe

deteriorationofenvironment.

14)Asthenaturalenvironmentshrinksinthefaceofhumanexpansion,wildanimalsareleft

homeless.

hardly/scarcely…when/before,nosooner…than

a)Ihadhardlysatdownwhenhesteppedin.

b)HardlyhadIenthelightning,whenIhardaloud

thundering.

c)Scarcelyhadhegoneout(when)itbegantorain.

d)Thedayhadscarcelybrokenbeforehegotuptowork.

这两种结构都表示一件事紧接

着另一件事发生，常有某事发

生得过早的含义。

主句一般用过去完成时，从句

动词用一般过去时。

如果hardly,scarcely或no

sooner置于句首，句子用倒装，

用had加主语(b,c,f)。

e)Wehadnosoonertoutthanastormbroke.

f)Nosoonerhadshesatdownthanthephonerang.

雅思例句

1)Hardly/Scarcelydosomeanimalsdieoutwhenhardierspeciesreplacethem.

2)Nosoonerdochildrenraiapetthantheydevelopacaringmind.

once,assoonas和themoment(that),immediately等

a)Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.

b)Howwouldwecopeoncethemoneyweregone?

c)Once(=Assoonas)Hearriveswecanstart.

once和assoonas都表示主句的动作

进阶在从句的动作之后发生。两者略

有区别：assoonas强调时间相隔很

短，而once则带有条件的意味。当

两者区别十分明显时，应当有选择地

使用。例如(a),(b)两句不宜用assoon

as，而(d)句则不宜用once。

d)Theyheardvoicesassoonastheypushedopenthe

door.

e)Iwillringyouupassoonas(=once)Igetananswer

fromhim.

themoment，theminute,theinstant

引导时间从句，意思与assoonas相

当，后面的that经常省略。有时可加

very表示强调(g)。immediately,

directly或instantly可以引导(h,i)。

f)Irecognizedhertheinstant(that)Isawher.

g)IstartedtheverymomentIgotyoumessage.

h)IcameimmediatelyIheardthenews.

i)IwenthomedirectlyIhadfinishedwork.

雅思例句

1)Onceyoustudyathletics,youlearnthatit’savexinglycomplexissue.(C4T4R)

2)Peoplediscoverthat,oncetheylearntoplantheirdays,alltheworkcanbeaccomplished

andthere’llstillbetimeforleisure.(C4T3L)

3)Weviolateananimal’srightstheminutewecatchitforthepurpoofourentertainment.

4)Assoonasthefoodwebisbroken,thewholeecosystemcouldbeforeverchanged.

everytime,eachtime,whenever和thefirsttime,thenexttime等

a)EverytimeIwenttohishou,hewasout.

b)Sheflinchedeachtimehespoketohereachtime

hespoketoher.

everytime和eachtime同义，表示过

去或现在特定情况下经常发生的事

(a,b)。

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c)Wheneverheesus,hespeakstous.

d)Theroofleakswheneveritrains.

可用whenever来替换，它的语气较

强，多用于书面语(c,d)。

e)ThefisttimeIsawher,shewasstillalittlegirl.

f)ThenexttimeIcomehere,I’mgoingtobebetter.

thefirsttime,thelasttime,thenext

time等表示在某一特定时刻所发生

的事情或存在的情况。

雅思例句

2)ThePINmustthenbeenteredeachtimethecardisud.(C4GTBR)

3)Childrencanlearnknowledgeofanimalverytimetheyvisitzoos.

4)Everyonehasgoodandbadexperiencesthathelpshapehowtheyreactthenexttimethey

areinasimilarsituation.(C5T4W)

before,after和(ever)since

a)Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

b)BeforeIgoImustphonemyparents.

c)Ihadwaitedanhourbeforeheshowedup.

d)She(had)leftthreedaysbeforetheletter

arrived.

before表示某事在过去、现在或将来发生

在另一件事之前(a-d)。

before前可加long,ashorttime,twodays,

threetimes等时间状语(c,d)。

如果before从句为过去时，主句可用过

去完成时(c)，也可不用(d)。

It+be+时间与before连用表示某事多久以

后发生(e,f)。

e)Itwasn’tlongbeforehetolduverything.

f)Itwouldbemonthsbeforehewasfitforwork.

g)Aftershe(had)leftwemovedhou.

h)Hebegantowritethebookshortlyafterhe

returnedfromAfrica.

i)Hefeltalotbetterafterhe’dhadarest.

after表示一件事发生之后又发生了另一

件事）(g-i)。在after之前可加表示时间的

状语，说明两件事相隔多久。表示时间先

后，也可以用一般过去时(g,h)。若主从句

有因果关系，主句要用完成时。

j)Hehasbeeninpoliticssincehewasat

university.

k)Ihaven’tenhim(ever)sinceheleftschool.

l)It’sbeenmakingmoneyeversinceitopened.

since或eversince表示某情况在某个特定

时间开始并延续到现在。主句一般用现在

完成时，从句用过去时。

(ever)since也可表示某情况在过去某个

时候出现，后来还存在。主句用过去完成

时，从句用一般过去时或过去完成时。

(m)。

“it+be+补语”结构表示自某事发生后已经

过去了多久。主句既可以是现在完成时，

可以用一般现在时。(n)

m)Hehadbeenbusyeversincehehadreturned

fromEurope.

n)Itis/hasbeenthreemonthssincewelast

met.

雅思例句

1)Weshouldtakestepstoconrveendangeredanimalsbeforeitistoolate.

2)EversinceIjoinedtheStreetKidsInternationalprogramme,Ihavebeenabletobuymy

familysugarandbunsforbreakfast.(C4T3R)

3)Modernsciencehasgotlittleinspirationfromnaturesinceitcanmakeuofsimulation

technology.

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until,till和bythetime

a)Drivestraightontillyougettothestation.

b)Don’tleavetillIarrive.

c)Isatupuntilhecameback.

d)UntilIeEllisIcannotsaydefinitely.

until和till表示某事发生时，前面的一件事

或一种情况结束(a-d)。两个词的意思无甚差

别，till多用于口语，until都可。但置句首

时要用until(d)。

notuntil（不用till）是not…until的变体，

起强调作用。这个形式有两个用法，倒装

(e)、强调(f)。

e)NotuntilBobcamedidwestartworking.

f)ItwasnotuntilhetoldmethatIknewit.

g)I’llbeinbedbythetimeyougethome.

h)Bythetimewearrived,shehadalreadyleft.

bythetime(that)的意思是“不迟于”，用来谈

将来某一时刻会发生或在此之前会发生的

动作，that常省略。

雅思例句

1)Bythetimethedimenthascometorestinthefieldsandlagoonsitisladenwithmunicipal,

industrialandagriculturalwastefromtheCairoregion,whichishometomorethan40

millionpeople.(C5T3R)

2)Theproblemdoctorsacceptedasnormalina65-year-oldin1982areoftennotappearing

untilpeopleare70or75.(C6T2R)

3)Theissueofanimalwelfareshouldbekeptoutofourfocusuntilwesatisfyourownneeds.

4)Mandoesnotrealihisdamagetotheenvironmentuntilenvironmentalworning

threatenshishealth.

5)Untildevelopingcountriescanrealilf-reliance,theprotectionofbiodiversityisaluxury

tothem.

6)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatdamageshehadcaudto

MotherNature.

7)Itisnotuntilraisingapetthatpeoplerealithatitisacostlyandtime-consuminghobby.

第二节地点状语从句

1.常用引导词：where

2.特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhere

a)Putitwherewecaneit.

b)Shesaidshewashappywhereshewas.

c)Letmetakeyouwhereyoulive.

d)Wheretheywent,(there)theywerewarmlywelcomed.

e)Thecariswhereyouparkedit.

f)That’sjustwhereyouarewrong.

g)Whereverthereisinjustice,wetrytohelp.

h)Let’sgowhereverthispathwilltakeus.

雅思例句

1)Thehumanraceshouldprotectendangeredanimalspecieswherethespeciescanbetaken

goodcareof.

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2)Generally,thewildlifeisonthebrinkofdyingoutwherethereareriouspollutions.

3)Thenewmediumquicklyfounditswayacrosstheworld,attractinglargerandlarger

audienceswhereveritwasshown.(C4GTAR)

4)Whereverzoosarelocated,theywillcauair,waterandsoilpollutionandeventransmit

dias.

5)Manneedsanimalcompanionsanywherehelives.

6)Wildanimalsareforcedtoleavewhereverthereishumanity.

第三节原因状语从句

1．常用引导词：becau,since,as

2．特殊引导词：eingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,inasmuchas,

insomuchas

becau,as,since,nowthat

a)Hegotthejobbecauhewasthebestcandidate.

b)JustbecauIdidn’tcomplain,theythoughtIwassatisfied.

c)“Whycan’tIgo?””Becauyouaretooyoung.”

d)Itisbecauhehasbehavedsobadlythathemustbepunished.

e)IleftcollegenotbecauIwastiredofleaning.

f)Youshouldnotlookdownuponamanbecauheispoor.

g)Asrainhasfallen,theairiscooler.

h)Asshedidn’tcome,weleftwithouther.

i)Perhapsshe’llneedsomehelp,especiallyasshe’sbeenill.

j)Hefeltnofear,forhewasverybrave.

k)Itwillrain,forthebarometerisfalling.

l)Heshookhishead,forhethoughtdifferently.

a)Since/Ashehasnomoneyhecan’tbuyanewbicycle.

b)Since/Aswelivenearthea,weenjoyahealthyclimate.

c)Sincethatisso,thereisnomoretobesaid.

d)Sinceitcan’tbehelped,letusleaveitatthat.

e)Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremembertheincident.

f)Noweverybodyhasarrived,wecanbegin.

g)Nowthatithasstoopedraining,let’sstartatonce.

IfeelbetternowI’vetalkedtoyou.

雅思例句

1)Thepracticesofenvironmentalprotectionandwildlifeprervationarealuxuryfor

developingcountriesaspeopleinthecountriescannotaffordfoodandclothing.

2)Ashumanvolvedgraduallyfromanimals,thereisnocleardifferencebetweenanimalsand

humans.

3)Wehumankindhavenorighttodepriveanimalsoftherighttolivefreelyasboththeyand

wehavethesameCreator.

4)Animalskeptarehoudinunnaturalsurroundingsbecauzoosareshortoffinancial

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support.

5)Humanbeingsmusthavetheneedforanimalexperiments,fortheyhaveexistedfor

thousandsofyears.

6)Theanimalskeptinzooscanundoubtedlyreceivebettercareandtreatmentsincethereare

manywell-trainedprofessionalslikevetsandscientists.

7)Allothercreaturesandplantsthatarepartofourecosystemsmustbenotonlyprerved

butalsoregeneratednowthatwehavethemeanslikeDNAcloningtodoso.

8)Weshouldprerveasmanyspeciesaspossiblesincebiodiversityisoneofman’sgreatest

asts.

eing(that),considering(that)

a)Seeing(that)he’sill,he’sunlikelytocome.

b)Seeingthatyou’reonadiet,wewon’thavedesrt.

c)Considering(that)theyarenewcomers,they’veaccomplishedalot.

d)She’sverybright,consideringshe’sonlyfive.

雅思例句

1)Seeingthatthere’snoplaceforwildlifeinthe21stcentury,topreventthewildanimals

fromdyingoutisawasteofresources.

inasmuchas,insofaras和inthat

a)Inasmuchasthedebtorhasnoproperty,Iabandonmyclaim.

b)Inasmuchasfundingisnotavailable,buildingplanshavebeendelayed.

c)Insofarasitisnotmyfault,Idon’tcare.

d)Thebookisunsatisfactoryinthatitlacksagoodindex.

e)IpreferhisplantoyoursinthatIthinkhisismorepractical.

f)Mendifferfrombrutesinthattheycanthinkandspeak.

雅思例句

1)Someplasticsbehaveinasimilarwaytocandlewax,inthattheymeltunderheatandcanbe

mouldedintonewforms.(C5T2R)

2)ThewriterArthurKoestlerdubbedittheluxuryreflex:“uniqueinthatitrvesnoapparent

biologicalpurpo”.(C5T2R)

3)Thiscotwasslightlydifferentinthat,althoughthesidebardidnotdropdown,theba

couldberaidorloweredintotwodifferentpositions,makingitsafeaswellasconvenient.

(C5T1L)

第四节结果状语从句

1.常用引导词：so…that…，such…that…

2.特殊引导词：tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat

so…that,such…that

a)Becautheweatherwasnice,wewenttothezoo.

三句意思相同，

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b)Itwassuchniceweatherthatwewenttothezoo.

c)Theweatherwassonicethatwewenttothezoo.

d)ItwassuchgoodcoffeethatIhadanothercup.

e)Itwassuchafoggydaythatwecouldn’tetheroad.

such+形容词

+名词+that

f)ThecoffeeissohotthatIcan’tdrinkit.

g)I’msohungrythatIcouldeatahor.

so+形容词/副

词+that

h)ShespeakssofastthatIcan’tunderstandher.

i)HewalkedsoquicklythatIcan’tunderstandher.

j)Shemadesomanymistakesthatshefailedtheexam.

k)Hehassofewfriendsthatheisalwayslonely.

l)Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuywhatevershewants.

m)Hehadsolittletroublewiththetestthathelefttwentyminutearly.

so…that与

many,few,

much和little连

用

n)Itwassuchagoodbook(that)Icouldn’tputitdown.

o)Iwassohungry(that)Ididn’twaitfordinnertoeatsomething.

在口语中，that

可以省略。

比较so和such

结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so和such

与其后的词的搭配规律。其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或

名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可以与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,

little连用，形成固定搭配。

sofoolishsomuch/littlemoney

somanypeople

suchafoolsuchrapidprogress

1)Animalrightxtremistsaresoviolentthatscientistswhoconductanimalrearchandtheir

familiesarethreatened.

=Animalrightxtremistsaresuchviolentpeoplethatscientistswhoconductanimalrearch

andtheirfamiliesarethreatened.

2)Usinganimalstoadvancescientificknowledge,understanddia,developnewmedicines,

ortestthesafetyofchemicalsissocontroversialthatpeoplearepronetotaketwoextreme

opinions:atoneextremepeoplethinkthattherearenomoralproblems,whileattheother,

somepeoplejustifyviolencetoprotectanimals.

=Usinganimalstoadvancescientificknowledge,understanddia,developnewmedicines,or

testthesafetyofchemicalsissuchacontroversialissuethatpeoplearepronetotaketwo

extremeopinions:atoneextremepeoplethinkthattherearenomoralproblems,whileatthe

other,somepeoplejustifyviolencetoprotectanimals.

雅思例句

1)Animalactivistsaresuchextremiststhattheydon’tevencareabouthumanwelfare.

2)Mostanimalexperimentsaredoneonanimalssodifferentfromhumanbeingsthatdatagot

fromtheexperimentscannotapplytohumansatall.

3)Somepeoplewallowinpetstotheextentthattheyneglecttheemotionalneedsoftheir

familymembers.

朗阁雅思词汇语法简明教程

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第五节目的状语从句

1.常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat

2.特殊引导词：lest,inca,forfearthat,inthehopethat

a)IturnedofftheTVinordertoenablemy

roommatetostudyinpeaceandquiet.

b)IturnedofftheTVso(that)myroommate

couldstudyinpeaceandquiet.

inorderto和sothat都表示目的。在口

语中，that常常省略。

c)I’mgoingtocashachecksothatIcanbuymy

textbooks.

d)IcashedachecksothatIcouldbuymy

textbooks.

表示“能力”的概念时，sothat经常用来代

替inorderto。Can用于表示现在或将来

的状语从句。在c中，sothatIcanbuy=in

ordertobeabletobuy.

e)I’lltakemyumbrellasothatIwon’tgetwet.

f)I’lltakemyumbrellasothatIdon’tgetwet.

g)YesterdayItookmyumbrellasothatI

wouldn’tgetwet.

在e中，sothatIwon’tgetwet=inorderto

makesurethatIwon’tgetwet.

在f中，有时可在sothat之后用一般现

在时代替will，表示将来的意思。

雅思例句

1)Zoosprervespeciesfrombecomingextinctsothattheycanbereintroducedinto

ecosystems.

2)Itisimperativetoeducatestudentsandthepublicsothattheywillunderstandthe

significanceofwildlifeprervation.

3)Ecosystemsincludingforests,junglesandanimalsshouldbeconrvedlesthumankinditlf

mightdieout.

4)Theprinciplethatanimalshavethesamerighttosurviveasmankindmustbeappliedin

orderthattheymayliveinthesameworldharmoniously.

5)Deforestationmustbepreventedforfearthatcreaturesandplantsinforestslosttheir

naturalhabitats.

6)Allanimalexperimentsshouldbeclolymonitoredinthehopethatanimalsufferingmight

bereduced.

第六节条件状语从句

1.常用引导词：if,unless

2.特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,suppothat,incathat,on

conditionthat

if

a)Ifitrains,thestreetsgetwet.

b)Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwilltakemyumbrella.

unless

a)I’llgoswimmingtomorrowunlessit’scold.

b)I’llgoswimmingtomorrowifitisn’tcold.

as/solongas

a)Aslongasyouarehappy,itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoudo.

b)Ourprofitswillbegoodsolongasthedollarremainsstrong.

providing/providedthat

朗阁雅思词汇语法简明教程

10/13

a)Provided(that)therearenoobjections,wewillbeginwiththeitemthreeontheagenda.

b)Hesayshe’llgoparachutingprovided/providing(that)youdotoo.

inca,intheeventthat

a)I’llbeatmyuncle’shouincayou(should)needtoreachme.

b)Intheeventthatyou(should)needtoreachme,I’llbeatmyuncle’shou.

onlyif

a)Thepicnicwillbecancelledonlyifitrains.

b)Onlyifitrainswillthepicnicbecancelled.

ifonly

a)IfonlyshewouldlistentowhatIwassayingwemightbeabletosortoutthisproblem.

b)I’dgetthediscforyouifonlyIcouldrememberwholastborrowedit.

雅思例句

1)Justimaginehowhorribletheworldwouldbeifhumansaretheonlycreatureintheworld.

2)Someanimalspeciesareunderthreatiftheystayintheirnaturalhabitat.

3)Theecologicalbalancewillbebrokenunlessthewildlifeisprotected.

4)Providedthattheanimalsdonotsuffer,thereemslittlereasonwhyzoosshouldbe

condemned.

5)Aslongasanimalsaretreatedwellinzoos,thereisnoreasonwhyconrvation,education

andentertainmentshouldnotbecombinedinzoos.

6)Solongasanimalrearchhelpsinthebattleagainstdiaanddisability,campaigners

shouldchampionitasamorallygoodpursuit.

第七节让步状语从句

1．常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough

2．特殊引导词：as（在让步状语从句中必须要倒装），nomatter…,inspiteofthefactthat,

while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever,whetherornot

although,though

a)Shewonthefirstprize,although/thoughnoneofushadexpectedit.

b)She’sverykind,although/though(sheis)abitbossy.

evenif

a)Evenif(=whetherornot)youtakeataxi,you’llstillmissyourtrain.

b)Evenifyouapologize,shestillmaynotforgiveyou.

eventhough

a)Eventhough(Despitethefactthat)henevercompletedcollege,herunsasuccessful

softwarecompany.

b)Ilikeher(even)thoughshecanbeannoying.

while

a)WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.

b)Whiletheyarerelated,theydon’tgetalong.

whatever/Nomatterwhat

a)Whatever/Nomatterwhathappens,I’llstandbyyou.

b)Thechildrenwon’tbeabletobreakthetoys,whatever/nomatterwhattheymaydoto

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them.

whichever/nomatterwhich

a)Whichever/Nomatterwhichyoubuy,thereisasix-monthguarantee.

b)Ittakesthreehours,whichever/nomatterwhichrouteyoutake.

whoever/nomatterwho

a)Whoever/Nomatterwhorings,tellhimIamout.

b)Don’topenthedoor,whoever/nomatterwhocalls!

wherever/nomatterwhere

a)I’llfindherwherever/nomatterwhereshemaybe.

b)Wherever/Nomatterwheresheis,hewillbethinkingofyou.

however/nomatterhow

a)However/Nomatterhowmuchyoulikedoingdangerousthings,youwouldn’twantyour

childrentodothem.

b)However/Nomatterhowgreatthedifficultiesmaybe,wemustdoourbesttosucceed.

whether…or

a)Youwillhavetofacethepublicity,(nomatter)whetheryouwanttoornot.

b)(Nomatter)whetherheisrightorwrong,yoursonneedsallthesupportyoucangivehim

rightnow.

雅思例句

1)Thebenefitsofzoosareeducational,recreationalandconrvationaleventhoughthepublic

stillviewsthemassourcesofrecreation.

2)Althoughzoosarenotcompletelyrural,theycanintroduceurbancitizenstothereal

experienceofotherspecies.

3)Thoughanimaltestingsoundscruelandbarbaric,ithasyetcontributedtonumerousmedical

breakthroughs.

4)Althoughthewildlifekingdomhasshrunksignificantly,itisridiculoustothinkthatnospace

shouldbeleftforthewildlifeinthenewcentury.

5)Thoughmanisthedominantspeciesontheplanet,allspecienjoythesamerightto

survive.

6)Nomatterhowgoodreasonssound,animalcaptivityisaninfringementonanimalfreedom.

7)Whateverthebenefitsare,animaltestingistotallyunacceptable

8)Evenifanimalwelfareisareasonableconcern,talkingofanimal‘rights’ixtreme.

9)Whetheryourecogniitornot,itistruethathorsanddogsarevictimsinhumansporting

activities.

10)Whetherwestopkillingspeciesornot,itisimpossibleforthewildlifetorestoreitsformers

glory.

注：

1．nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句

erwhateffortsaredonetosaveendangeredspeciesisofnouduetothe

principleofSurvivaloftheFittest.（错）

ereffortsaredonetosaveendangeredspeciesisofnouduetotheprincipleof

SurvivaloftheFittest.（对）

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zoos,animalshavetoeatnomatterwhattheyaregiven.

zoos,animalshavetoeatwhatevertheyaregiven.

/Although引导的状语从句可以倒装：

1)Thoughanimalsareweakerspecies,theyareaninparablelinkofourecosystems.

Weakerspeciesas/thoughanimalsare,theyareaninparablelinkofourecosystems.

2)Thoughzoosareavaluablerearchcentre,thereisnoneedtoconductrearchonanimals

onconditionofconfinement.

Avaluablerearchcentreas/thoughzoos,are,thereisnoneedtoconductrearchon

animalsonconditionofconfinement.

3)Thoughwetryhard,westilllostsomespeciesforever.

Tryhardaswewill,westilllosomespeciesforever.

注意：(1)句首名词不能带任何冠词；

(2)句首是实义动词，其它助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，那么这

个宾语和状语就要随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

第八节方式状语从句

1.常用引导词:as,asif,asthough,how

2.特殊引导词:theway

as

a)Hegotdivorced,(just)ashisparentshaddoneyearsbefore.

b)Thedemonstrationwillgoonas(itwas)planned.

asif/asthough

a)Shespokesocasuallyasif/asthoughthematterwasoflittleconquence.

b)Hebehavedasif/asthoughnothinghadhappened.

c)Heglancedaboutasif/asthough(hewas)archingforsomeone.

theway

a)Joycelookedatherthewayalotofgirlsdid.

b)Hewalkedtoworkeveryday,thewayhisfatherhaddone.

雅思例句

1)WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

2)Justasweprotectlessablehumanbeings,soweshouldsafeguardthewelfareofother

weakerspecies.

3)Aswetakecareofourfamilymembers’emotionalneed,soweareconcernedwithourpets’

joysandsorrows.

4)Meat-eaterscompletelyignorethecruelfactofanimalkillingasif(asthough)itnever

existed.

5)Somepetowners,however,showindifferencetotheirfamilymembersasif(asthough)the

memberswereinferiortothepets.

6)Itlooksasifkeepingpetsisbeneficialtochildren’shealth.

7)Vivictionisttreatanimalstestedinacruelwayasifhavingnosympathywiththeanimals.

8)Animalsdetainedinzoosusuallylayincageslazilyasifindepression.

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9)Dogloverstreattheirdogsthewaytheymaytreattheirchildren.

10)Itdoesnotmakenforustoconsiderthematterofanimalwelfarethewayweconsider

humanwelfare.

第九节比较状语从句

1.常用引导词：as（同比较级），than（不同程度的比较）

2.特殊引导词：themore…,themore…;as…as,notso…as;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…more

than

雅思例句

1)Airistomenaswateristofish.

2)Themoreweknowaboutthewildlife,thebetterwewillliveinthefuture.

3)Animalshavearighttolifejustashumanshavearighttolife.

4)Breedinganimalsinzoosismoresuccessfulinthenofanimalprotectionthanleaving

theminthewild.

5)Peopledonotloveanimalsasmuchastheyclaimbecaumostofthemstilleatmeat.

6)Ourfuturecitiesandhabitatsshouldbeasadvancedandcomfortableasscientificandsocial

advancesallowthem.