商务英语专业考研

T/F/NG练习

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions16-28whicharebadonReading

rvationprogrammes

OneofLondonZoo’srecentadvertimentscaudmesomeirritation,sopatentlydid

ned“Withoutzoosyoumightaswelltelltheanimalstoget

stuffed”,itwasborderedwithillustrationsofveralendangeredspeciesandwenton

toextolthemyththatwithoutzooslikeLondonZootheanimals“willalmost

certainlydisappearforever”.Withthezooworld’srathermediocrerecordon

conrvation,onemightbeforgivenforbeingslightlyscepticalaboutsuchan

advertiment.

Zooswereoriginallycreatedasplacesofentertainment,andtheirsuggested

involvementwithconrvationdidn’triouslyariuntilabout30yearsago,when

theZoologicalSocietyofLondonheldthefirstformalinternationalmeetingonthe

earslater,ariesofworldconferencestookplace,entitled“The

BreedingofEndangeredSpecies”,andfromthispointonwardsconrvationbecame

thezoocommunity’mmitmenthasnowbeenclearhdefinedin

TheWorldZpoConrvationStrategy(WZGS,September1993),whichalthoughan

importantandwelcomedocumentdoesemtobebadonanunrealisticoptimism

aboutthenatureofthezooindustry.

TheWZCSestimatesthatthereareabout10,000zoosintheworld,ofwhicharound

1,000reprentacoreofqualitycollectionscapableofparticipatinginco-ordinated

probablythedocument’sfirstfailing,asIbelieve

that10,000isariousunderestimateofthetotalnumberofplacesmasqueradingas

itisdifficulttogetaccuratedatabut,toputthe

issueintoperspective,Ihavefoundthat,inayearofworkinginEasternEurope,I

discoverfreshzoosonalmostaweeklybasis.

ThecondflawinthereasoningoftheWZCSdocumentisthenaivefaithitplacesin

its1,ldassumethatthecalibreoftheinstitutionswould

havebeencarefullyexamined,butitappearsthatthecriterionforinclusiononthis

lectlistmightmerelybethatthezooisamemberofazoofederationorassociation.

Thismightbeagoodstartingpoint,workingonthepremithatmembersmustmeet

certainstandards,butagainthefactsdon’atlyrespected

AmericanAssociationofZoologicalParksandAquariums(AAZPA)hashad

extremelydubiousmembers,andintheUKtheFederationofZoologicalGardensof

GreatBritainandIrelandhasoccasionallyhadmembersthathavebeenroundly

ncludeRobinHillAdventureParkontheIsleof

Wight,whichmanyconsideredthemostnotoriouscollectionofanimalsinthe

tablishment,whichforyearswasprotectedbytheIsle’slocalcouncil

(whichvieweditasatouristamenity),wasfinallycloddownfollowingadamning

reportbyaveterinaryinspectorappointedunderthetermsoftheZooLicensingAct

salwaysacollectionofdubiousrepute,oneisobligedtoreflectupon

uationis

evenworindevelopingcountrieswherelittlemoneyisavailableforredevelopment

anditishardtoeawayofincorporatingcollectionsintotheoverallschemeofthe

WZCS.

EvenassumingthattheWZCS’s1,000corezoosareallofahighstandardcomplete

withscientificstaffandrearchfacilities,trainedanddedicatedkeepers,

accommodationthatpermitsnormalornaturalbehaviour,andapolicyofco-operating

fullywithoneanotherwhatmightbethepotentialforconrvation?ColinTudge,

authorofLastAnimalsattheZoo(OxfordUniversityPress,1992),arguesthat“ifthe

world”szoosworkedtogetherinco-operativebreedingprogrammes,theneven

withoutfurtherexpansiontheycouldsavearound2,000speciesofendangeredland

vertebrates’.Thisemsanextremelyoptimisticpropositionfromamanwhomustbe

awareofthefailingsandweaknessofthezooindustrythemanwho,whena

memberofthecouncilofLondonZoo,hadtopersuadethezootodevotemoreofits

er,wherearethefactstosupportsuchoptimism?

Todayapproximately16speciesmightbesaidtohavebeen“saved”bycaptive

breedingprogrammes,althoughanumberofthecanhardlybelookeduponas

that,aboutafurther20speciesarebeingriously

hattheinternationalconference

atLondonZoowasheld30yearsago,thisisprettyslowprogress,andalongwayoff

Tudge’stargetof2,000.

DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage2?

Inboxes16-22write

YESifthestatementagreeswiththewriter

NOifthestatementcontradictsthewriter

NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

16LondonZoo’sadvertimentsaredishonest.

17Zoosmadeaninsignificantcontributiontoconrvationupuntil30yearsago.

18TheWZCSdocumentisnotknowninEasternEurope.

19ZoosintheWZCSlectlistwerecarefullyinspected.

20No-oneknewhowtheanimalswerebeingtreatedatRobinHillAdventurePark.

21ColinTudgewasdissatisfiedwiththetreatmentofanimalsatLondonZoo.

22Thenumberofsuccessfulzooconrvationprogrammesisunsatisfactory.

_____________

ChootheappropriatelettersA-Dandwritetheminboxes23-25onyouranswer

sheet.

23WhatweretheobjectivesoftheWZCSdocument?

Atoimprovethecalibreofzoosworld-wide

Btoidentifyzoossuitableforconrvationpractice

Ctoprovidefundsforzoosinunderdevelopedcountries

Dtolisttheendangeredspeciesoftheworld

25Whatwordbestdescribesthewriter’srespontoColinTudges’predictionon

captive

breedingprogrammes?

Adisbelieving

Bimpartial

Cprejudiced

Daccepting

ThewritermentionsanumberojfactorsHhichleadhimtodoubtthevalueofthe

WZCS

documentWhichTHREEofthefollowingfactorsarementioned?Writeyouranswers

(A-F)

inboxes26-28onyouranswersheet.

ListofFactors

Athenumberofunregisteredzoosintheworld

Bthelackofmoneyindevelopingcountries

CtheactionsoftheIsleofWightlocalcouncil

DthefailureoftheWZCStoexaminethestandardsof

the“corezoos”

EtheunrealisticaimoftheWZCSinviewofthe

numberofspecies“saved”todate

FthepoliciesofWZCSzoomanagers