simon雅思

ThelinegraphcomparesaverageyearlyspendingbyAmericansonmobileand

landlinephonervicesfrom2001to2010.

Itisclearthatspendingonlandlinephonesfellsteadilyoverthe10-yearperiod,

r2006marksthepointat

whichexpenditureonmobilervicesovertookthatforresidentialphonervices.

In2001,USconsumersspentanaverageofnearly$700onresidentialphonervices,

comparedtoonlyaround$efollowingfiveyears,

averageyearlyspendingonlandlinesdroppedbynearly$rast,

expenditureonmobilesrobyapproximately$300.

Intheyear2006,theaverageAmericanpaidoutthesameamountofmoneyonboth

typesofphonervice,spendingjustover$2010,expenditureon

mobilephoneshadreachedaround$750,whilethefigureforspendingonresidential

rviceshadfallentojustoverhalfthisamount.

eethat

sonoticeablethatthere

arefivemainstagesinthedevelopmentofthehoneybee,fromeggtomatureadult

inct.

Thelifecycleofthehoneybeebeginswhenthefemaleadultlaysanegg;thefemale

n9and10dayslater,eachegg

hatchesandtheimmatureinct,ornymph,appears.

Duringthethirdstageofthelifecycle,thenymphgrowsinsizeandshedsitsskin

ultingfirsttakesplace5daysaftertheegghatches,then7days

later,totalof30to31daysfromthestartof

thecycle,theyoungadulthoneybeeemergesfromitsfinalmoultingstage,andin

thespaceofonly4daysitreachesfullmaturity.

(169words,band9)

Thechartcomparesaveragefiguresfortemperatureandprecipitationoverthe

courofacalendaryearinKolkata.

ItisnoticeablethatmonthlyfiguresforprecipitationinKolkatavaryconsiderably,

llishighestfromJuly

toAugust,whiletemperaturesarehighestinAprilandMay.

BetweenthemonthsofJanuaryandMay,averagetemperaturesinKolkatarifrom

theirlowestpointataround20°Ctoapeakofjustover30°erainfallinthe

cityalsorisoverthesameperiod,fromapproximately20mmofraininJanuaryto

100mminMay.

Whiletemperaturesstayroughlythesameforthenextfourmonths,theamountof

sforprecipitationremain

above250mmfromJunetoSeptember,al

threemonthsoftheyeareadramaticfallinprecipitation,toalowofabout10mm

inDecember,andasteadydropintemperaturesbacktotheJanuaryaverage.

(173words,band9)

PostedbySimoninIELTS

Thebarchartscomparestudentsofdifferentagesintermsofwhytheyarestudying

andwhethertheyaresupportedbyanemployer.

Itisclearthattheproportionofstudentswhostudyforcareerpurposisfarhigher

amongtheyoungeragegroups,whiletheoldeststudentsaremorelikelytostudyfor

ersupportismorecommonlygiventoyoungerstudents.

Around80%ofstudentsagedunder26studytofurthertheircareers,whereasonly

10%betweenthetwoproportionsnarrowsas

studentsgetolder,andthefiguresforthointheirfortiesarethesame,atabout

40%.Studentsagedover49overwhelminglystudyforinterest(70%)ratherthanfor

professionalreasons(lessthan20%).

Justover60%

contrast,the30-39agegroupisthemostlf-sufficient,withonly30%beinggiven

uresrislightlyforstudentsintheirfortiesand

forthoaged50ormore.

(178words,band9)

Thebarchartcomparesthenumberofincidentsandinjuriesforevery100million

pasngermilestravelledonfivedifferenttypesofpublictransportin2002.

Itisclearthatthemostincidentsandinjuriestookplaceondemand-respon

rast,commuterrailrvicesrecordedbyfarthelowestfigures.

Atotalof225incidentsand173injuries,per100millionpasngermilestravelled,

igureswerenearlythree

timesashighasthoforthecondhighestcategory,ere76

incidentsand66peoplewereinjuredonbus.

berofincidentsonlightrailtrains

equalledthefigurerecordedforbus,butthereweresignificantlyfewerinjuries,at

ailrvicessawlowernumbersofsucheventsthanlightrailrvices,

,

only20incidentsand17injuriesoccurredoncommutertrains.

(165words,band9)

Thelinegraphcomparesthepercentageofpeopleaged65ormoreinthree

countriesoveraperiodof100years.

Itisclearthattheproportionofelderlypeopleincreasineachcountrybetween

xpectedtoethemostdramaticchangesinitlderly

population.

In1940,around9%ofAmericanswereaged65orover,comparedtoabout7%of

Swedishpeopleand5%portionsofelderlypeopleinthe

USAandSwedenrograduallyoverthenext50years,reachingjustunder15%in

rast,thefiguresforJapanremainedbelow5%untiltheearly2000s.

Lookingintothefuture,asuddenincreainthepercentageofelderlypeopleis

predictedforJapan,withajumpofover15%

2040,itisthoughtthataround27%oftheJapanepopulationwillbe65yearsold

ormore,whilethefiguresforSwedenandtheUSAwillbeslightlylower,atabout25%

and23%respectively.

(178words,band9)

Thetableshowspercentagesofconsumerexpenditureforthreecategoriesof

productsandrvicesinfivecountriesin2002.

Itisclearthatthelargestproportionofconsumerspendingineachcountrywenton

food,therhand,theleisure/educationcategoryhasthe

lowestpercentagesinthetable.

Outofthefivecountries,consumerspendingonfood,drinksandtobaccowas

noticeablyhigherinTurkey,at32.14%,andIreland,atnearly29%.Theproportionof

spendingonleisureandeducationwasalsohighestinTurkey,at4.35%,while

expenditureonclothingandfootwearwassignificantlyhigherinItaly,at9%,thanin

anyoftheothercountries.

ItcanbeenthatSwedenhadthelowestpercentagesofnationalconsumer

expenditureforfood/drinks/tobaccoandforclothing/footwear,atnearly16%and

justover5%adslightlyhigherfiguresforthecategories,but

thelowestfigureforleisure/education,atonly1.98%.

Thechartscomparetheamountofwaterudforagriculture,industryandhomes

aroundtheworld,andwateruinBrazilandtheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.

Itisclearthatglobalwaterneedsrosignificantlybetween1900and2000,andthat

lsoethat

waterconsumptionwasconsiderablyhigherinBrazilthanintheCongo.

In1900,around500km³

figuresforindustrialanddomesticwaterconsumptionstoodataroundonefifthof

2000,globalwateruforagriculturehadincreadtoaround

3000km³,industrialwateruhadrintojustunderhalfthatamount,and

domesticconsumptionhadreachedapproximately500km³.

Intheyear2000,thepopulationsofBrazilandtheCongowere176millionand5.2

onsumptionperpersoninBrazil,at359m³,wasmuch

higherthanthatintheCongo,atonly8m³,andthiscouldbeexplainedbythefact

thatBrazilhad265timesmoreirrigatedland.

(184words,band9)

Thebarchartcomparesthecostofanaveragehouinfivemajorcitiesovera

periodof13yearsfrom1989.

Wecanethathoupricesfelloverallbetween1990and1995,butmostofthe

experiencedbyfarthe

greatestchangesinhoupricesoverthe13-yearperiod.

Overthe5yearsafter1989,thecostofaveragehomesinTokyoandLondon

droppedbyaround7%,whileNewYorkhoupriceswentdownby5%.Bycontrast,

pricesrobyapproximately2%inbothMadridandFrankfurt.

Between1996and2002,Londonhoupricesjumpedtoaround12%abovethe

yersinNewYorkalsohadtopaysignificantlymore,with

pricesrisingto5%abovethe1989average,buthomesinTokyoremainedcheaper

tofanaveragehomeinMadridrobyafurther2%,

whilepricesinFrankfurtremainedstable.

(165words)

Thetablegivesinformationaboutpovertyratesamongsixtypesofhouholdin

Australiaintheyear1999.

Itisnoticeablethatlevelsofpovertywerehigherforsinglepeoplethanforcouples,

y

rateswereconsiderablyloweramongelderlypeople.

Overall,11%ofAustralians,or1,837,000people,

peopleweretheleastlikelytobepoor,withpovertylevelsof6%and4%forsingle

agedpeopleandagedcouplesrespectively.

Justoveronefifthofsingleparentswerelivinginpoverty,whereasonly12%of

epatterncanbeenfor

peoplewithnochildren:while19%ofsinglepeopleinthisgroupwerelivingbelow

thepovertyline,thefigureforcoupleswasmuchlower,atonly7%.

(150words,band9)

Themapshowstwopotentiallocations(S1andS2)foranewsupermarketinatown

calledGarlsdon.

ThemaindifferencebetweenthetwositesisthatS1isoutsidethetown,whereasS2

escanalsobecomparedintermsofaccessbyroador

rail,andtheirpositionsrelativetothreesmallertowns.

Lookingattheinformationinmoredetail,S1isinthecountrysidetothenorthwest

ofGarlsdon,butitisclototheresidentialareaofthetown.S2isalsoclotothe

housingarea,whichsurroundsthetowncentre.

TherearemainroadsfromHindon,BransdonandCransdontoGarlsdontowncentre,

butthisisanotrafficzone,rast,S1

liesonthemainroadtoHindon,butitwouldbemoredifficulttoreachfrom

permarketsitesareclototherailwaythatruns

throughGarlsdonfromHindontoCransdon.

ThebarchartcomparesconsumerspendingonsixdifferentitemsinGermany,Italy,

FranceandBritain.

ItisclearthatBritishpeoplespentsignificantlymoremoneythanpeopleintheother

ixitems,consumersspentthemostmoney

onphotographicfilm.

PeopleinBritainspentjustover£170,000onphotographicfilm,whichisthehighest

rast,Germanswerethelowestoverallspenders,

withroughlythesamefigures(justunder£150,000)foreachofthesixproducts.

ThefiguresforspendingontoyswerethesameinbothFranceandItaly,atnearly

£160,r,whileFrenchpeoplespentmorethanItaliansonphotographic

filmandCDs,Italianspaidoutmoreforpersonalstereos,tennisracquetsand

untspentbyFrenchpeopleontennisracquets,around£145,000,

isthelowestfigureshownonthechart.

Thediagramsshowhowhoudesignsdifferaccordingtoclimate.

Themostnoticeabledifferencebetweenhousdesignedforcoolandwarm

ignsalsodifferwithregardtothe

windowsandtheuofinsulation.

Wecanethatthecoolclimatehouhasahigh-angledroof,whichallowssunlight

rast,theroofofthewarmclimatehouhasa

tionandthermal

buildingmaterialsareudincoolclimatestoreduceheatloss,whereasinsulation

andreflectivematerialsareudtokeeptheheatoutinwarmclimates.

Finally,thecoolclimatehouhasonewindowwhichfacesthedirectionofthesun,

whilethewarmclimatehouhaswindowsontwosideswhichareshadedfromthe

ingthetwowindowsatnight,thehoudesignedforwarmclimates

canbeventilated.

(162words,band9)

Thepictureillustratesthewayinwhichwaterpassfromoceantoairtolandduring

thenaturalprocessknownasthewatercycle.

aterevaporates,fallsasrain,

andeventuallyrunsbackintotheoceansagain.

Beginningattheevaporationstage,wecanethat80%ofwatervapourintheair

omthesuncauswatertoevaporate,andwater

econdstage,labelled‘precipitation’onthe

diagram,waterfallsasrainorsnow.

Atthethirdstageinthecycle,itmayfall

intolakesorreturntotheoceansvia‘surfacerunoff’.Otherwi,rainwatermay

filterthroughtheground,ter

intrusionisshowntotakeplacejustbeforegroundwaterpassintotheoceansto

completethecycle.

(156words,band9)

Thefirstpictureshowsthelayoutofanartgallery,andthecondshowssome

propodchangestothegalleryspace.

Itisclearthatsignificantchangeswillbemadeintermsoftheuoffloorspacein

illbeacompletelynewentranceandmorespaceforexhibitions.

Atprent,r,

theplanistomovetheentrancetotheParkinsonCourtsideofthebuilding,and

eofthelobbyandoffice

areas,whichareshownontheexistingplan,thenewgalleryplanshowsan

educationareaandasmallstoragearea.

Thepermanentexhibitionspaceintheredevelopedgallerywillbeabouttwiceas

largeasitisnowbecauitwilloccupytheareathatisnowudfortemporary

omisshown

inredontheexistingplanandisnotcurrentlypartofthegallery.

(178words,band9)

Thetableshowsdataabouttheundergroundrailnetworksinsixmajorcities.

Thetablecomparesthesixnetworksintermsoftheirage,sizeandthenumberof

earthatthethreeoldestunderground

systemsarelargerandrvesignificantlymorepasngersthanthenewersystems.

TheLondonundergroundistheoldestsystem,sothe

largestsystem,ondlargestsystem,inParis,is

onlyabouthalfthesizeoftheLondonunderground,with199kilometresofroute.

However,nlythirdintermsofsize,theTokyo

systemiasilythemostud,with1927millionpasngersperyear.

Ofthethreenewernetworks,theWashingtonDCundergroundisthemostextensive,

with126kilometresofroute,comparedtoonly11kilometresand28kilometresfor

Angelesnetworkisthenewest,having

openedin2001,whiletheKyotonetworkisthesmallestandrvesonly45million

pasngersperyear.

(185words)

CambridgeIELTSbook7,page101:

Thepiechartscomparetheamountofelectricityproducedusingfivedifferent

sourcesoffuelintwocountriesovertwoparateyears.

Totalelectricityproductionincreaddramaticallyfrom1980to2000inboth

hetotalsforbothcountriesweresimilar,therewerebig

differencesinthefuelsourcesud.

Coalwasudtoproduce50ofthetotal100unitsofelectricityinAustraliain1980,

rast,nuclearpowerbecamethemost

importantfuelsourceinFrancein2000,producingalmost75%ofthecountry’s

electricity.

Australiadependedonhydropowerforjustunder25%ofitlectricityinbothyears,

buttheamountofelectricityproducedusingthistypeofpowerfellfrom5toonly2

,ontheotherhand,remainedarelativelyimportantfuelsourcein

France,untriesreliedonnaturalgasfor

electricityproductionsignificantlymorein1980thanin2000.

(170words)

ThechartgivesinformationaboutUKimmigration,emigrationandnetmigration

between1999and2008.

Bothimmigrationandemigrationratesroovertheperiodshown,butthefiguresfor

rationpeakedin2004and2007.

In1999,over450,000peoplecametoliveintheUK,whilethenumberofpeoplewho

emigratedstoodatjustunder300,urefornetmigrationwasaround160,000,

1999to2004,theimmigrationrate

robynearly150,000people,

migrationpeakedatalmost250,000peoplein2004.

After2004,therateofimmigrationremainedhigh,butthenumberofpeopleemigrating

tionfellsuddenlyin2007,beforepeakingatabout420,000peoplein

ult,thenetmigrationfigurerotoaround240,000in2007,butfellback

toaround160,000in2008.

Itisclearfromthechartsthatthefiguresfordevelopedcountriesaremuchhigherthan

,thechartsshowanoverallincreainparticipationin

educationandsciencefrom1980to1990.

Peopleindevelopingnationsattendedschoolforanaverageofaround3years,with

therhand,the

figureforindustrialidcountriesrofromnearly9yearsofschoolingin1980tonearly

11yearsin1990.

From1980to1990,thenumberofscientistsandtechniciansinindustrialidcountries

ngonrearchanddevelopment

alsosawrapidgrowthinthecountries,reaching$rast,the

numberofscienceworkersindevelopingcountriesremainedbelow20per1000people,

andrearchspendingfellfromabout$50billiontoonly$25billion.

(187words)

ThediagrambelowshowshowtheAustralianBureauofMeteorologycollects

up-to-the-minuteinformationontheweatherinordertoproducereliableforecasts.

ThefigureillustratestheprocessudbytheAustralianBureauofMeteorologyto

forecasttheweather.

Therearefourstagesintheprocess,beginningwiththecollectionofinformationabout

formationisthenanalyd,preparedforprentation,andfinally

broadcasttothepublic.

Lookingatthefirstandcondstagesoftheprocess,therearethreewaysofcollecting

y,incominginformationcanbe

edatacan

alsobepasdtoaradarstationandprentedonaradarscreenorsynopticchart.

Secondly,incominginformationmaybecollecteddirectlybyradarandanalydona

y,driftingbuoysalsoreceivedatawhichcanbe

shownonasynopticchart.

Atthethirdstageoftheprocess,theweatherbroadcastispreparedoncomputers.

Finally,itisdeliveredtothepublicontelevision,ontheradio,orasarecordedtelephone

announcement.

Thelinegraphcomparesthepercentageofpeopleinthreecountrieswhoudthe

Internetbetween1999and2009.

ItisclearthattheproportionofthepopulationwhoudtheInternetincreadineach

l,amuchlargerpercentageofCanadiansand

AmericanshadaccesstotheInternetincomparisonwithMexicans,andCanada

experiencedthefastestgrowthinInternetusage.

In1999,theproportionofpeopleusingtheInternetintheUSAwasabout20%.The

figuresforCanadaandMexicowerelower,atabout10%and5%2005,

InternetusageinboththeUSAandCanadarotoaround70%ofthepopulation,while

thefigureforMexicoreachedjustover25%.

By2009,100%of

CanadiansudtheInternet,comparedtoabout80%ofAmericansandonly40%of

Mexicans.

ThemapshowsthegrowthofavillagecalledChorleywoodbetween1868and1994.

Iti

periodsofdevelopmentareshownonthemap,andeachofthepopulatedareasisnear

tothemainroads,therailwayorthemotorway.

From1868to1883,Chorleywoodcoveredasmallareanexttooneofthemainroads.

Chorle

villagegrewalongthemainroadtothesouthbetween1883and1922,andin1909a

ywoodstationisinthis

partofthevillage.

TheexpansionofChorleywoodcontinuedtotheeastandwestalongsidetherailwayline

time,amotorwaywasbuilttotheeastofthevillage,andfrom1970

to1994,furtherdevelopmentofthevillagetookplacearoundmotorwayinterctions

withtherailwayandoneofthemainroads.