新概念英语第三册

更新时间:2022-11-27 19:14:53 阅读: 评论:0


2022年11月27日发(作者:love is blind)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

1

CONTENTS

Lesson01APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮.......................................................................1

Lesson02Thirteenequalsone十三等于一.......................................................................10

Lesson03Anunknowngoddess无名女神........................................................................14

Lesson04ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活..............20

Lesson05Thefacts确切数字............................................................................................25

Lesson06Smash-and-grab砸橱窗抢劫............................................................................29

Lesson07Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组.............................................................................35

Lesson08Afamousmonastery著名的修道院.................................................................39

Lesson09Flyingcats飞猫.................................................................................................43

Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克”号的沉没.................................................48

Lesson11Notguilty无罪..................................................................................................54

Lesson12Lifeonadertisland.........................................................................................60

Lesson13"It'sonlyme'“是我,别害怕”.....................................................................64

Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒...............................................................................69

Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦..................................................75

Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头羔羊...........................................................80

Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥........................84

Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术的电流..............................................90

Lesson19Averydearcat一条贵重的宝贝猫..................................................................96

Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱..........................................................................101

Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼尔.门多萨.....................................................................105

Lesson22Byheart熟记台词...........................................................................................110

Lesson23Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison各有所爱.........................................116

Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”................................................................123

Lesson25TheCuttySark卡蒂萨克”号帆船................................................................130

Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin购大饼干筒...........................................................136

Lesson27Nothingtollandnothingtobuy不卖也不买..............................................142

Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五镑也太贵...................................................................148

Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽灵之死........................................................................161

Lesson31Alovableeccentric可爱的怪人....................................................................167

Lesson32ALostShip沉船之谜.....................................................................................173

Lesson33Adaytoremember难忘的一天......................................................................178

Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸运的发现.......................................................................185

Lesson35Justicewasdone伸张正义..............................................................................192

Lesson36AChanceinaMillion百万之一的机会.........................................................197

Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车..........................................204

Lesson38Thefirstcalendar第一本日历........................................................................211

Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必担心...................................................................215

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

2

Lesson40Who'swho真假难辨.........................................................................................220

Lesson41IllusionsofPastoralpeace宁静田园生活的遐想...........................................223

Lesson42Flash无讲解......................................................................................................231

Lesson43FullyInsured全保险.......................................................................................232

Lesson44Speedandcomfort速度和舒适......................................................................242

Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新闻报道的威力........................................................250

Lesson47Toohighaprice代价是否太高.......................................................................255

Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村庄.........................................................................261

Lesson49Theidealrvant理想的仆人.........................................................................267

Lesson50NewYearResolutions新年的决心.................................................................269

Lesson51Flash无讲解......................................................................................................275

Lesson52MudisMud实事求是.....................................................................................275

Lesson53Inthepublicinterest为了公众的利益..........................................................285

Lesson55Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301

Lesson56Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301

Lesson57Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301

Lesson58Aspotofbother一点小麻烦(记叙文).......................................................303

Lesson59Collecting收藏................................................................................................305

Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚..................................................................309

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

3

Lesson01APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用

学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里

puman.美洲狮

spotv.看出,发现

=e,pickout,recognize,catchsightof强调结果,辨别出,看见,识别,发现

--Atallmaniasytospotinthecrowd.

--Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.

同意词:

--find:强调发现的结果/findout:查出事实真相

--discover:做出重大发现/notice:注意到

--obrve:观察/watch:观察活动中的人或画面

Spotn.斑点

--Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.

onthespot有两个含义:

1>立刻,马上(atonce,immediately)

--Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.

2>attheplaceoftheaction在现场

--Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.

Evidencen.证据(不可数名词)

Evidentadj.明显的,显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地,显然

Evidence=proof(n.证据)

--Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.

inevidence显而易见的

--Hewasinevidenceattheparty.

Accumulatev.积累,积聚(强调积累的过程)

--Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.

Gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处

--Theteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclass

Collectvt.搜集,采集

--Doyoucollectstamps?Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.(n.业余爱好)

Asmblev.集合,集会/装配

--Alargenumberofpeopleasmbleonthesquare.

Hoardvt.大量的储存(--hoardup=storeup储藏)

--Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter(squirreln.松鼠)(nutn.坚果)

amassvt.积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品)

--Thecloudsamasdabovethehills

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

4

Obligev.使…感到必须

feelobligedtodosth感觉有必要做某事

--Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand(n.要求,需要)

beobligedtodosth被迫做某事

--Theywereobligedtolltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.(debtn.债务)

huntv.n.追猎,寻找(huntfor)

--TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt(v.)forapuma.

--Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficult.(provevt.证明,证实)

arch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物

--Thepolicewerearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.

runafter强调追赶,追求

--look,adogisrunningafteracat

--whatareyourunafterinyourlife

ek=pursuev.追寻(理想)

chav.追赶(--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief)

blackberryn.黑莓/berryn.浆果

humanbeing人类

cornerv.使走投无路,使陷入困境

作为动词,经常使用被动语态

--Thethiefwascorneredatlast

--Theproblemcorneredme.

cornern.角落

--atthecornerofthestreet

--inthecorneroftheroom

--onthecornerofthedesk

Trailn.一串,一系列

trailvt.跟踪,追踪(=follow)

--Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding(criminaln.罪犯)

Printn.印痕

Clingv.粘(clung,clung,clinging)

--Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.

--Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.他怀有成功的希望

stickv.粘住(--sticktheenvelop)n.信封

stickto坚持(--sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromi)n.许诺

stickyadj.粘的(--stickyfingers)

convincev.使…信服

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

5

--Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.(n.诚实,正直)我使他相信我的诚实。

2>beconvincedthat…

--Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.(adj.诚实的,正直的)

somehowadv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因

=bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown

--I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。

--Igotlostsomehow不知怎么搞地,我迷失了。

Somewhatadv.稍微,有点,有些(=alittle)

--ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpect.(highadj.高的)

disturbv.令人不安

disturbingadj.令人不安的/disturbedadj.感到不安的

surprisingadj.令人惊讶的/surpridadj.感到惊讶的

excitingadj.令人激动的/excitedadj.感到激动的

wildadj.野性的,野生的

investigatev.调查,研究

descriptionn.描写,描述

extraordinarilyadv.特别地,非常地,格外

similaradj.相似的,类似的

attackvt.攻击

difficultadj.困难的,艰难的difficultyn.困难,难点

rabbitn.兔,野兔

pawn.手掌,手爪

furn.毛皮,毛,软毛

bushn.矮树丛

fullyadv.充分地,完全地

collectorn.收藏家,征收者

Text课文

atlarge逃遁的,没有被控制的

--Thethiefisstillatlarge

atlarge详细地(=indetail)n.细节,详情

--Ineedtalktoyouatlarge

atlarge总体来讲(=asawhole)

--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.(hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的)

Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.

在英文的表达方式中,首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同)

英文擅长用长句,中文擅长用短句。

--Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.(pandan.熊猫)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

6

cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like栩栩如生的

WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemiles

southofLondon,theywerenottakenriously.

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把

谓语动词放到从句之前

1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰

--定语从句的引导词:

--指人:主语who;宾语who,whom;定语who

--指物:that(也可以指人)/which

--时间状语:when/地点状语:where/原因状语:why

2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

--同位语从句的引导词:

--名词(做主语、宾语等):关系词用that而不是which

--时间:when;地点:where

--定语从句中没有what这个关系词,但what可以引导同位语从句

--Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.

--Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。

theywerenottakenriously(they指代reports)

takesthriously=dealwithsthriously认真地对待某事

--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsriously.

takesthlightly草率地对待某事(lightlyadv.轻率地)

--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly(hotpotaton.棘手的问题)

However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedto

investigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveenthepumawere

extraordinarilysimilar.

Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用)

As连词:随着,当...之时

过去分词做定语:

--thedescriptionsgivenbypeople

--thestorytoldbythesailor(n.海员,水手,船员)

--abookwrittenbyLuxun

claimtohavedonesth声称曾经做过某事

--Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.

Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw

'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.

Whereawomanpicking…定语从句

--IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.

Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattack

ahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

7

Confirm=besure=becertain(confirmvt.确定)

Unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)

--Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.

Thearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobrvedatoneplaceinthemorning

andatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.

arch=hunt

Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.

把某物留在后面:leavebehind

--Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.(n.血)

Pawprintswereeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.

英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。

pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.(被动)

Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.(主动)

--clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补

Severalpeoplecomplainedof"cat-likenois'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtrip

sawthepumaupatree.

complainof/aboutsth抱怨某事

on+名词:强调动作正在进行

--ontheri在上升/ontheincrea在增加

--onthewatch在观看/onthematch在比赛中

--onthefishingtrip在钓鱼的途中/onholiday在度假

Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcome

from?

Fully(adv.充分地,完全地)=completely=entirely

Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthave

beenintheposssionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.

sthbeintheposssionofsb=sthbeinsb'sposssion某物归某人所有(主语是物)

--Thebeautifulcarisinmyposssion.=Thebeautifulcarisintheposssionofme.

Sbbeinposssionofsth某人拥有某物(主语是人)

--Iaminposssionofthebeautifulcar.(inposssionof…做表语)

--Thepersoninposssionofthebighouixcited.(inposssionof…做定语)

takeposssionof…拥有…

Thehuntwentonforveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.

Wenton=lasted(lastvi.继续,持续)

Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.

Itisdisturbingtothinkthat...一想到…就心理不安

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

8

ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfailmyexamination

inthequietcountryside在宁静的山村

Specialdifficulties难点

ExercisA

/

ExercisB

emanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.

lfyouputthobooksonhascollapd.(vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解)

dyoureceivealetterfrom?

特殊疑问句中whom不能省略(本句)。

定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。

省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前,只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。

固定的动词短语

lookfor:寻找(去掉for后look没有寻找的意思,所以介词for不能前置)

非固定的动词短语

lookat:注视

livein:居住(去掉in后live仍有居住的意思,所以介词in可以前置)

Thisistheoldhouinwhichhelived.=Thisistheoldhouhelivedin.

theroadwecameby?

sthepencilyouwereplayingwith?

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1…正确答案:D

incommonadv.共有(替换了similar)

2…正确答案:B

A)只是一个具体的特定的事列,阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意

B)largecat

persuadev.说服,劝说

3…答案正确:C

做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意

文章最后一句话总结了大意

句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键

4…答案正确:C

Make的用法:

makesomebodydo(在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略)

bemadetodo(被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整)

--madetowaitforhours.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

9

5…答案正确:D

A)把say改成claim就对了(--Peopleclaimedtohaveenthepuma.)

D)清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系

6…正确答案:B

原句中的when引导的时间状语从句表示:-...就…(assoonas)

被动:Onbeingobrved,itimmediatelyranaway.

主动:Onobrvingher,itimmediatelyranaway.

Oneingme,hewavedtome.

7…正确答案:D

except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配(也可是when/if引导的从句形式)

unless=if...not=exceptontheconditionthat…

when=if

--…exceptwhentheyarecornered.=…exceptiftheyarecornered.

--Wheneveryoucome,youarewelcome.=Ifeveryoucome,youarewelcome.

8…正确答案:D

A)mustbe只是对客观现实的推测,时态不一致

--对于过去事实推测一定要用:情态动词+have+过去分词

9…正确答案:C

onmorethan=nothingmorethan=only/within=notmorethan

10…正确答案:B

inacorner偷偷摸摸地,暗中地,秘密地

inatrap落于陷阱中

atanangle不正的,倾斜的(anglen.角,角度,角落,墙角,棱角)

undercover在遮蔽处,秘密地,暗中

11...正确答案:B

fishesforpleasure钓鱼消遣

travelforpleasure外出游玩

readforpleasure阅读消遣

12…

onone'sownadv.独自地,独立地,主动地(=alone)

forone'sownbenefit为了某人自己的利益

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

10

Lesson02Thirteenequalsone十三等于一

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

equalv.等于

A等于BAequalsB

Equalvt.与...相匹敌

--Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.

beequalto+名词(equaladj.不相上下的)

--MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.(n.智力,脑髓)

玛丽可以和约翰在脑力上相匹敌。

beequaltodoing:有能力,有力量来做某事(to是介词)

--Iamequaltorunningthecompany.

vicarn.牧师

raiv.募集,筹(款)--raimoney募集资金

提高--raitheprice提高物价

饲养、供养--raiahor饲养一匹马

种植--raiwheat种植小麦

召集、招募--raianarmy招募一支军队(armyn.陆军,军队)

提出、发出--raiacheer发出欢呼声(cheern.愉快,欢呼)

torchlightn.电筒光torchn.手电筒

caun.事情

churchn.教堂

figuren.外形,轮廓,体形

grocern.食品商人,杂货商人

belln.钟,铃,钟声,钟形之物

towern.塔,城堡

Text课文

Wasthevicarpleadthattheclockwasstriking?Why?

Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtoget

enoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.

现在进行时和always等频度副词搭配时:表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩

Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.汤姆总是做家庭作业,怎么也做不完。

Tomalwaysdoeshishomework.汤姆总是做家庭作业,不拖欠作业。

Heisalwaysmakingnois.他总是吵吵闹闹,真烦人。

oneoranother:表示这样或那样

--foronereasonoranother处于这样或那样的原因

--atonetimeoranother在这样或那样的时间

--inonewayoranother用这样或那样的方法

getenoughmoneytodosth募集足够的资金做某事

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

11

--Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhourepaired.

1>找某人来做某事

--havethechurchclockrepaired

--havetheplanerepaired/--havehaircut

2>某人所遭受到的意外某种情况(主语必须是发出动作的人)

--iswalletstolen.

Thebigclockwhichudtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsago

andhasbeensilenteversince.

udto:过去常常做,而现在不再发生的事情了。

--Heudtosmokeeveryday.

Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!

However--在口语中,主要用于句首;在作文中,最好用在句中、句尾。

要用逗号分隔开来

--Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistaken,however.

Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistaken.

他说这件事就是如此,然而他弄错了。

--Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn'tliketotellyou.

Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn'tliketotellyou.

However=Nevertheless(.)=Nonetheless(adv.)

.惊跳,惊起

--Thenoimadehimstarted(v.).

--Whatastart(n.)yougiveme./--hestoodupwithastart(n.).

Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimes

beforeitstopped.

before:...才

--Nearlyaweekpasdbeforeshecouldexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.

Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoewhatwasgoingon.

Armedwithatorch...过去分词

Lookingathiswatch…现在分词

分词做状语/定语的时候,一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致

Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins

,ourlocalgrocer.

inthetorchlight在手电筒光下/inthemoonlight在月光下

inthesunshine在太阳光下/inthecandlelight在烛光下

非正式用语中whom可以省略掉

recognizedsomebodyas…认出某人是…

regardsomebodyas认为某人是/thinkofsomebodyas认为某人是

treatsomebodyas把某人对待为/haveonsomebodyas把某人尊敬为

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

12

'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?'askedthevicarinsurpri.

Whatever中的ever用来加强语气

'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,'answeredBill.'I'vebeencomingupherenightafternightfor

,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurpri.'

nightafternight一夜连着一夜

dayafterday一天又一天/yearafteryear一年又一年

weekafterweek一周又一周/busafterbus一辆车接着一辆车

'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurpri!'saidthevicar.

肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩(一定要位于动词原形之前)

--Youdolikenicetoday.你今天看上去确实很不错。

--Idolikeyou.

'You'veprobablywokenupeveryoneinthevillageaswell.

aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用于肯定句中,但比too所表达的语意更优秀。

--Youlookedniceyesterdayandyoulookbeautifulaswelltoday.

Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.'

still用于句首,用逗号分隔开来,表达一个转折的关系:虽然如此,但是

‘That'sthetrouble,vicar,’answeredBill.

'It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatatoneo'clockitwillstrikethirteentimesand

there'snothingIcandoaboutit."

ThereisnothingIcandoaboutit=Iamatalowhattodo(atalossadv.困惑)

‘We'llgetudtothat,Bill,’saidthevicar.

"Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit''sgodownstairsand

haveacupoftea.'

getudto/beudto/beaccustomedto/getaccustomedto都表示习惯于

get强调渐近的过程,be强调习惯了的状态

Specialdifficulties难点

in

1>与表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语作用。

insurpri惊奇地/inastonishment惊愕的

inalarm恐吓的/inembarrassment窘迫的

inamazement极为惊讶/indespair绝望的

indismay沮丧的/inanger恼火的/indisappointment失望的

2>表示以、用。用于语言,书写材料,色彩或声音等方面。

inEnglish/inpencil/inink/inoil用颜料/inred用红色/incode用代码

insuchahighvoice用这么高的声音/inafewwords用几句话

3>表示状态、情况或处境

introuble/indifficulty在困境中/inbed在床上/inahurry匆忙的

indebt负债/inlovewithsb爱上某人/intears流着泪

ingoodorder有条不紊,整齐,情况正常/ingoodrepair维修良好

ingoodhealth身体好/inpoorhealth身体坏

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

13

inthebadmood情绪坏/inthegoodmood情绪好

inhaste匆忙的/inafavorofexcitement欣喜若狂

inpoverty在贫穷中/inluxury奢侈的

Exerci:

veryquickly=inahurry

eventually=intheend(eventuallyadv.最后,终于)

been=insight

withapen=inink/withapencil=inpencil

whichtheyshare=incommon(sharev.共享)

crying=intears

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...D

inorderadv.整齐,状况良好,适宜

outoforderadv.次序颠倒,不整齐,状态不好(=wasdamaged)

2...B

3...C

为…表示感谢:begratefulfor…/bethankfulfor…

不辞辛劳地做某事:takethetroubletodosth.

4...Binthepast是过去时态的标志;always用在实意动词之前

5...Dstroken.击,敲,报时的钟声

强调句式结构:Itwasnotuntil...that...—直到…才…

--Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.—直到半夜,雪才停了。

6...B宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序

7...CMendvt.修理,修补

突出结果或者对现在的影响,用现在完成时。

8...Agetudtodoing表示习惯于(to是介词)

9...B

fund基金;cash现金;scholarship奖学金;investment投资

10...Arunashop经营商店

11...Anightafternight=everynight

12...C

still1>adv.仍,仍然,还

--Hecameyesterdayandheisstillhere.他昨天来的,现仍在此。

still2>adv.(连接副词)尽管如此,依旧,仍然(表达一种坚持的态度)

相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesame)

--It'sraining;Still,Imustgoout.

--Thispictureisnottoovaluable;Still,Ilikeit.

Yetconj.但是,然而(表示一种转折的关系)

--Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

14

Lesson03Anunknowngoddess无名女神

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

goddess(tile)n.女神

archaeologistn.考古学家

Aegeanadj.爱琴海的

Explorev.考察,勘探

--Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.

explorationn.探险/explorern.探险家

promontoryn.海角

prosperousadj.(经济上)繁荣的,昌盛的

--ourfinanceisprosperous我们的经济非常的繁荣。(Financen.财政,金融)

thrivingadj.昌盛的,兴旺的--thrivingbusiness

boomingadj.蓬勃的,景气的--aboomingmarket繁荣的市场

flourishingadj.繁茂的,健康的

--Thoplantsareflourishing.那些植物长得茂盛。

civilizationn.文明/civilizevt.使开化,使文明

--highlevelofcivilization高度文明

storeyn.楼层(story的变体)

drainagen.排_______水

worshipn.v.祟拜/respectvt.尊敬,尊重/admirev.赞美,钦佩,羡慕

--Whodoyouworshipintheworld?

Warshipn.军舰,战船

Sacredadj.宗教的,神圣的

--sacredmusic圣乐/sacredpromi神圣的诺言

Holyadj.神圣的,圣洁的

--aholyperson.圣洁的人/aholyplace.神圣的地方

Solemnadj.庄严的,庄重的

--asolemnface严肃的面孔/asolemnceremony隆重的仪式

Fragmentn.碎片

Remainsn.遗物,遗迹,废墟

Classicaladj.(希腊和罗马)古文化的(即传统的);文科的,人文科学的

--classicalmusic古典音乐/classicaleducation人文科学教育

Classicadj.第一流的,标准的,著名的,典型的

--Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.

Classicn.杰作,经典之作

--Thatjoke'saclassic;itreallyisfunny."这个笑话确属一流,真是妙趣横生。"

Reconstructv.修复(Re--重新,再次)

Constructvt.构造,建造,组织(通过装配或组合部件而构成)

--constructantence/constructabrokenstatuary(n.雕象)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

15

--buildahou造建筑物/putupatent

constructionn.建设,建造

constructiveadj.有教育意义的

constructorn.建造者,建设者

erectvt.盖,使竖立,使直立(buildhighbuildings)

--erectamonument建造纪念碑/erectaclocktower建造钟楼

tup/establish/found建立

--tupstudents'union学生会(unionn.联盟,协会)

--establishaschool/establisharule设立一条规则

--foundacountry建立一个国家

Restv.倚放,放置

Hipn.屁股,臀部

Hipn.[口]在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人;消息灵通人士;

adj.通晓的,见闻广的

--Maryisarealhip.玛丽是个爱赶时髦的人。

--Theguyisn'tahip.这家伙什么都不懂。

Joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的

--Thetwoarejoinedatthehip.

shootfromthehip信口开河

--Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.

full-lengthadj.(裙衣)拖地长的,全长的,全身的

--afull-lengthdress拽地长裙

full-grownadj.生长完全的,发育完全的

fulltimen.专职,全部时间

gracefuladj.优雅的

--agracefullady

elegantadj.优雅的(举止)

--anelegantgentleman.举止文雅的绅士

identityn.身份

ancientadj.远古的,旧的

decoratevt.装饰;点缀

clayn.粘土,泥土

Romanadj.罗马的,罗马人的n.罗马人

Romen.罗马(意大利首都)

Indeedadv.真正地,(加强语气)确实

Text课文

Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?

Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanisland

ofKea.

sometime1>经过若干时间2>在未来的某时

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

16

sometimeadv.在某一时候,曾经,有一天

sometimesadv.不时,有时

中文习惯用主动语态。

英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语,强调对客观事实的陈述。

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryof

AyiaIrini.

which引导定语从句,修饰限定temple。(which=that)

stand(不及物)=lie(不及物)位于

=situate(及物)使位于,使处于

=locate(及物)使...坐落于,位于

whichstandsin...=whichliesin…=whichislocatedin…=whichissituatedin...

Stand1>身高2>表示高高坐落于,矗立于

--Shestands1.75m.她身高1.75米

--Agreattreestandsonthemount.一棵大树竖立在山上。

Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.

for引导原因状语从句:对主句的附加说明和解释,提供更多的信息。

becau引导原因状语从句:强调原因。

--Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.

atonetime表达曾经,一度(过去时态的标志,=once)

musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测

enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明

dlargeroomswith

beautifullydecoratedwalls.

With…具有…

--ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhair

beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语

--abeautifullydresdlady衣着漂亮的女士

--adertedcarpark废弃的停车场

--awhitepainteddoor被刷成白色的门

现在分词做定语,被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系

--aboyclimbingthetree正在爬树的男孩

--thestudentsreadingintheroom正在房间里读书的学生

Thecitywaquippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefound

beneaththenarrowstreets.

beequippedwith配备,装备(equipvt.装备,配备)

airconditioning空气调节装置/airconditioner空气调节机,空调设备

--Thecarwaquippedwithairconditioning.

for引导原因状语从句

在正下方:Beneath=under

--beneaththenarrowstreets=underthenarrowstreets

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

17

--Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.

在进行中:只能用under

--undercontrol控制之中/underdiscussion讨论之中/underrepairs修理之中

below在下方(强调在斜下方)

--Sheissittingbelowthewindow

Thetemplewhichthearchaeologistxploredwasudasaplaceofworshipfromthe

omantimes.

beudas/beudtobe把…用作为

--Theboxwasudasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.

--Thewoodenboxwasudasabookca.

beudtodo被用来做…

--Thewoodenboxisudtocontainbooks

Inthemostsacredroomoftemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.

Eachofthereprentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.

reprentvt.代表

--Ireprentalltheclassmates.

ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.

dating现在分词,修饰remains

datefrom=datebackto(开始于…,起始于…)

--Thecustomdatingfrom1990.(customn.习惯,风俗)

--Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.

--Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.=Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.

城堡建造于14世纪

ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.

happento偶然,碰巧(强调事情的偶然发生)

--Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种车。

--Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.

Ithappensthat+从句

--IthappenedthatImetheronmywaytowork.

=Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaywork.

happenon碰巧碰上

--Ihappenedonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.

我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。

--Guess,whodidIhappenonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?

ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullyprerved.

Itwasveryoldandpreciouventhen.

Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthe

goddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.

Reconstruct=puttogether,piecetogether,restore(vt.恢复,使回复)

Amazed=verymuchsurprid

surprid>astonished>amazed>astounded感到惊讶(语气递增)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

18

tofind.../todiscover.../torealize.../toe…

--I'mnotsurpridtoeyouhere

1>turnout…(表示结果)结果是,原来是(=prove,都表示系动词)

turnout(tobe)+n./adj.

--Theconcertturnedouttobeafailure.

--Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccess.我们的聚会非常的成功。

2>Itturnedout+that从句(it作形式主语)

Itturnedout+其它名词从句

--Itturnedoutthatthediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.

原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。

--Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfal.原来他的话是假的。

3>asitturnsout…后来人们发现…

--Asitturnedout,therewasnoneedtoworry.后来人们发现,没有必要担心。

--Asitturnedout,thereportwasmistaken.后来人们发现,报告被弄错了

Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.

restonv.被搁在,停留在,信赖

=dependon(依靠,依赖)/leanon(靠着)

--Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder

Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.

whichswepttheground近一步说明拖地的,拽地的

Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeen

unabletodiscoverheridentity.

But,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.

=Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.

Despite=inspiteof(两者都是介词),后面+名词/动名词

sofar,uptonow完成时的标志

discoverheridentity=findoutheridentity

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...D

'ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.'

2...Dbeemployedin被应用在...方面

thisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句,补充说明fact的内容

3...Aindoingsth在...方面

4...Dprosperityn.繁荣(不可数)

know1>知道,认识

2>(文学用语)经历过,曾经有过(=experience,比experience更加正式)

--Heknewpovertyinhiarlydays.他早年有过痛苦的经历

5...Bsince:自从(主干的时态为现在完成时)

6...C

toone'ssurpri使某人感到惊讶的是

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

19

在句中可做独立的状语,句子的主语不必是某个人

--Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft

withsurpri惊讶地(Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay)

必须与行为动词连用,句子的主语必须是某个人

--Hesmokedhislastcigarettewithsatisfaction.

--Hewenthomewithdismay.

--Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.

7...Bdespite=inspiteof(可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配)

8…Bsofar:现在完成时的标志

如果用possible/impossible,就要采用形势主语it

--Sofar,ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.

9...AHolyadj.神圣的,圣洁的

religious宗教的/frightening令人害怕的/colourful丰富多彩的

10...Dingoodcondition情况良好=ingoodstate

welldone侧重强调做得好

conrvevt.保存,保藏(=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed)

“不用尽或耗尽某物,保留”

--Conrveyourenergyyouneeded.(energyn.精力,精神)

你该养精蓄锐,你回用得上的。

--Wemustconrveourforest.

maintainvt.维持,维修--通过修缮保养,不使...破损(强调动作的过程)

11...Bturnout=prove,都表示系动词

resolvevt,vi决定vt.(使)分解,溶解

--Heresolvedongoingout.他决定出去。

12...B

sofar=untilnow,uptillnow

beforehand(adv.预先)=inadvance(adv.预先)

atthisdistanceof/intime时隔已久

--Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.时隔这么久,我几乎想不起来他了。

Lesson04ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷

德.布洛格斯的双重生活

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Doubleadj.两倍的,双重的

manualadj.体力的(=physicaladj.身体的,物质的)

manualwork体力工作

mentalwork脑力工作

collarn.衣领

white-collaradj.白领阶层的,脑力劳动者(thowhodomentalwork)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

20

blue-collaradj蓝领阶级的,工人阶级的(thowhodomanualwork)

gethotunderthecollar怒气冲天

--Hegothotunderthecollarwhenheknewthattheylaughedathim.

sacrificevt.牺牲,献出(togiveupforgoodpurpo)

--sacrificeone'slifeforthecountry

--sacrificetime

sacrificen.牺牲(--makemanysacrifices)

privilegen.好处(=advantagen.优势,有利条件,利益)

--sacrificeone'sadvantage/privilege牺牲掉某人的好处

privilegen.特权,特别待遇(=specialright)

--givesbtheprivilegeofdoingsth特许某人做某事

privilegeda.荣幸的

--Weareprivilegedtonighttohaveourheadmasterasourspeaker.

dustmann.清洁工

corporationn.公司

overallsn.工作服

showern.淋浴

cretn.秘密adj.秘密的,隐秘的

Confidentialadj.机密的

keepcret保密

--It'sbetweenyouandme.此事只介于你我之间。

--I'llkeepittomylf.我会保守秘密的。

incret私下里(=cretly,inprivate,privately)

--Iwastoldaboutitincret.

inthecret知道内情

--Hewasinthecretfromthebeginning

statusn.地位(=socialposition)

statuen.雕像,塑像

rin.发生,出现

lossn.损失

fellown.伙伴,朋友,同事adj.同伴的,同事的,同道的

Text课文

WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjob?

Thedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewho

workinoffices.

peoplewhodomanualwork=blue-collarworkers

peoplewhodomentalwork=white-collarworkers=peoplewhoworkinoffices

formoremoney(far副词用来加强语气=much)

Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas"white-collarworkers'forthe

simplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

21

referto...as=regard...as把...看作为

--Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(n.书呆子)

forthesimplereason=for引导的原因状语从句

forthereasonthat多用于正式文体,becau多用于口语中。

--Heisrefertoasabookwormforthesimplereasonthathesparenoeffortsreading.

--Hewasndtoprisonforhecouldnotpayhisdebts.

Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfor

theprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.

humannature人性

such...that...(that引导同位语从句,进一步补充说明such的基本内涵)

--Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.

=Suchwashiskindnessthat…(such在句首要倒装)

=Hewassokindthatwewillneverforgethim.

--Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.

介词for表示一种目的

bewillingtodosth=bereadytodosth心甘情愿做

Thiscangiveritocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaofAlfredBloggswhoworkedas

adustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.

giverito=(leadtov.导致,通向)(cauvt.引起,惹起)(resultinv.导致)

--Suchconductmightgiveritomisunderstandings.这种行为会引起误解。

--Thebadconditionshavegivenritoalotofcrimes.不良的环境引起了犯罪。

inthecaof就...来说,关于,就...而言(=concerningprep.关于,涉及,就...说)

--Stealingisnoshameinthecaofhim.偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。

incaof(副词)万一,以防(incaconj.万一)

--Youshouldensureyourhouincaoffire.(ensurevt.保证;担保,保险)

--Takeumbrellaincaofrain带上雨伞以防下雨。

who引导定语从句

Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrasdtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.

tooembarrasdtosay太尴尬而没有说明

beashamedof感到羞愧,惭愧

--Alfwasashamedofhisjobasadustman.

marry强调动作(--Hemarriedthegirl.他娶了这个女孩。)

getmarried强调过程(--Lastyeartheygotmarried.)

bemarriedtosb强调状态(--Theoldmanhasbeenmarriedtohiswifefor50years.)

HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.

Simply副词--用来修饰限定动词told

Everymorning,helefthomedresdinasmartblacksuit.

dresdinasmartblacksuit--形容词短语表示一种状态打方框代表有问题

--Hegotoworkdresdinabeautifulcoat.

--Helefthomewearingasmartblacksuit.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

22

Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.

changedinto换上/changebackinto换回

ashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.

Beforereturninghome=Beforehereturnedhome

Before和动名词搭配,相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。

如果运用动名词形式,动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语

--Aftergettinghome,hehadagoodrest.

--Beforehavingdinner,hefinishedallhishomework.

Alfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthiscret.

Alf'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlf

soonbeworkinginanoffice.

sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthecret

在省略句式中,never要放在助动词之前

--“willyougotoeher?”

--“Iwillnevertotoeher"="No,Ineverwill."

Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheudto,buthefeelsthathisriinstatusiswell

worththelossofmoney.

halfasmuchas

half/aquarter/twice/threetimes+as...as...表示倍数

--Iwon'tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldasme.

--Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasweexpected.

--Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthatone.

是...的几倍:...as+形容词或副词原形+as...

比...多几倍:...times+形容词或副词比较级+than…

--Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthatone.

Whatheobtainediswellworththelossoftime.他的所得是值得花时间的。

well副词用来加强语气,修饰形容词worth

Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'',not'Alf'.

Specialdifficulties难点

impossibilityn.不可能之事,不可能

grantvt.同意,准予

A.两类词汇:

1>tell,give等动词可以和双宾语搭配(指物的直接宾语,指人的间接宾语)

--Hetoldastorytome.=Hetoldmeastory.

2>explain,say等动词只能代一个(直接)宾语,在间接宾语前要用介词to

--Heexplainthedifficulttome./Hesaidnothingtome.

--ShespeaksEnglishtoherhusbandandSwedishtoherchildren.

--Headmittedhisguilttothepolice.(guiltn.罪行,内疚)

--Didyousuggestthisideatohim?

当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时,通常放在间接宾语之后(但say除外)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

23

--Iexplainedtohimtheimpossibilityofgrantinghisrequest.

=Iexplainedtheimpossibilityofgrantinghisrequesttohim.

--Heconfesdtomethathehadfallenasleepduringthemeeting.

=Heconfesdthathehadfallenasleepduringthemeetingtome.

confidevt.,vi.

1>倾诉(与in连用)

--Jonefeltshecouldonlyconfideinhermother.琼觉得她只有向她妈妈倾吐心中的秘密。

2>吐露(心事、秘密等),与to连用

--Oneeveninghecameandconfidedtomethathehadspentfiveyearsinprison.

有一天晚上他到我家来向我吐露他曾坐过五年牢。

B.“Worth"后面只能跟名词或动名词

--Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.

--Hisriinstatusisworththelossofmoney.

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...Aillustratevt.阐明,阐述

“...agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecoming

white-collarworker"

2...Cdoublelife

3...D"...hefeelsthathisriinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney"

previousadj.在前的,早先的

respectn.某方面vt.尊敬,尊重

4...Btogo可以省略

Theyusuallygotoworkwearingacollarandtie.

5...D

"Alfredwastooembarrasdtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob."

too...to…(不定式to表示否定)

so...that…(在that引导的结果状语从句中,如果采用否定式,可以和too...to互换)

--Thewateristoohotforustodrink.=Thewaterissohotthatwecan'tdrink.

6...C"HesimplytoldherthatheworkeroftheCorporation"

simply副词(仅仅是,再没有别的了=only,just)

无论是simply,only还是just,往往用在所修饰的主体词之前。

--Ididitsimply/onlyforthemoney

--Idon'imply/onlybecauIhavetogotoworkeachday.

andnomore(放句尾)

inasimpleway简单地,简朴地

--Shewasalwaysdresdinasimpleway.

7...B

Before是介词和动名词形式搭配。--Beforereturninghome...

Before是连接词,引导时间状语从句。--Beforehereturnedhome...

before引导的从句,常用一般现在时或一般过去时,不用进行时。

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

24

8...C"halfasmuchasitudtobe"

theamount要用定语从句进行限定

当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时,udto之后的动词必须省略掉

当主句的谓语动词是系动词时,udto之后必须带有系动词be.

--Ifeelthesummersarehotterthantheyudtobe.

--Ifeelyouaremuchfatterthanyouudtobe.

9...D

gain:获利,赢得(表示通过努力)

--gaintime,gainreputation,gainspeed,gainheight

fee:(为专业服务支付的)费用

--doctor'sfees医疗费/thelawyer'sfees律师费

--payformyuniversityfees支付我的大学学费

payment:(商业、信贷)支付的款项(非常正式)

wages:(体力劳动者的)工资

salary:(白领的)薪水

10...Bcompanionn.同伴,共事者comraden.朋友,,伙伴

11...C"wellworththelossofmoney"

payback偿还,报复

reward酬劳

value价值

compensatev.偿还,补偿

compensatefor赔偿=makeupfor弥补

--Hisintelligencemorethancompensateforhislackofexperience.

12...Acall=addresdas被称为

name命名/cryout喊叫/shoutv.呼喊,呼叫

Lesson05Thefacts确切数字

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Editorn.编辑

Editvt.编辑

--editmagazine,editnewspaper

Editionn.编辑

Editorialadj.编辑的,主编的n.社论,评论

extremen.极端

gotoextreme(s)todo…做某事走极端

--Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.

--Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgirlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld.

gofromoneextremetotheother从一个极端走向另一个极端

statisticsn.统计数字

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

25

journalistn.新闻记者

reportern.(电视台)记者

correspondentn.(电台)记者,通讯员

presidentn.总统

palacen.王宫;宏伟的住宅

publishv.出版=print(vt.),gotopress(vi.)

--Thebookhasalreadybeenpublished.=Thebookhasalreadybeenprinted.

--Thebookhasgonetopress.

--Theyhavealreadypublishedthemagazine.

Faxn.传真(--ndafax)

impatientadj.不耐烦的

patience(n.耐性)patient(adj.有耐心的)patiently(adv.有耐心地)

impatience(n.不耐烦)impatient(adj.不耐烦的)impatiently(adv.不耐烦地)

firev.解雇(口语)

--Hewasfiredfromhisjob

dismissvt.解雇(正式)

--Themanagedismisdhimfromhiscompany.

Sackvt.解雇,辞退(俚语,口语)

--Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbesacked.

Originallyadv.起初,原先,从前/originaladj.最初的,原始的

Text课文

Whatwastheconquenceoftheeditor'sinsistenceonfactsandstatistics?

Conquencen.结果

Insistencen.坚持,坚决主张

Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderwith

unimportantfactsandstatistics.

gotoextremes走极端

provide=supply给...提供(通常与介词搭配连用)

providesbwithsth/providesthforsb

--Heprovidedthemwithabedforthenight.

=Heprovidedabedforthemforthenight

Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleon

thepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.

本句=Awell-knownmagazineinstructedajournalisttowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalace

inanewAfricanrepublic.

Africann.非洲人adj.非洲的

Republicn.共和国,共和政体

Instructvt.教,教导,命令,指示,通知

instructsbtodosth.=tellsbformallytodosth正式告诉某人做某事

--Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.

On=about侧重强调课题专一

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

26

--abookonradio

Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstntenceandthenrefutopublishit.

Whenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticle

refuvt.拒绝(态度严厉)

--Iinvitedhimtodinner,butherefudme.

declinevt.婉言谢绝

repudiatevt.断然拒绝

Thearticlebegan:'Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident's

palace'.

which指代thehighwall

Theeditoratoncentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimfindouttheexactnumberof

stepsandtheheightofthewall.

Instructing(现在分词)进一步补充说明fax的情况

--hendmealetterinstructingmetocomebackimmediately

Thejournalistimmediatelytouttoobtaintheimportantfacts,buthetookalongtime

tondthem.

touttodo=decideandtrytodo决定,打算,着手做...

=taboutdoing决定,打算,着手做...

--Hetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years.

takesbalongtimetodosth某事花了某人很久的时间

--Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.

Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.

Hentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.

twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxes

Hentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbe

fired.

Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasit

hadoriginallybeenwritten.

reluctantly=unwilling勉勉强强地,不情愿地

asitbadoriginallybeenwritten=initsoriginalway

Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafaxfromthejournalist.

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeennttoprisonaswell.

Notonly位于句首,必须采用倒装形式。

本句=Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,buthadbeennttoprisonaswell.

倒装:(部分倒装)

1>否定副词位于句首,要倒装。

never,ldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosooner

scarcelyadv.几乎不,简直没有

nowhereadv.无处,到处都无

--NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我从来也没读过这样的小说。

--Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

27

--HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不认为这是可能的。

2>含有only的状语位于句首,句子要倒装。

--Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.

--Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplanatrip.

3>含有not的副词短语位于句首,句子要倒装。

notforacond决不,毫不/notintheleast绝不,一点也不

notforaninstant,notuntil

--NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglishliterature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。

--NotforaninstantdidIbelievehehadlied.我根本不认为他说了慌。

4>含有no的短语位于句首,句子要倒装。

atontime,innoway,innon,bynomeans,innoca,onnoaccount,onnocondition,

undernocircumstances(都表示‘绝不’)

circumstancen.环境,详情,境况

--Undernocircumstancescanweacceptthecheck.我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。

--Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehou.你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。

5>sosuch位于句首,句子要倒装。

However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtondafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthatthe

hehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhich

surroundedthepresident'spalace.

hehadatlastbeenallowed=hehadatlastbeenpermitted=hehadaskedforpermission

请求被允许做某事:beallowedtodo,bepermittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodosth

permitv.许可,允许,准许permissionn.许可,允许

inwhich--which指代fax

while和现在分词搭配,做时间状语,表示“正在做某事的过程中”。

--可以用while引导的时间状语从句去替换。

--Whilecounting…=whilehewascounting…

现在分词做定语:

--thestepsleadingtothepresident'spalace通向王宫的台阶。

--theroadleadingtotheforest通向森林的路。

fifteen-foot做前置定语,这里的名词必须上单数形式。

which引导的定语从句修饰wall,which指代wall。

--wallwhichsurrounded…(=wallsurrounding…)

--为了避免和前面的现在分词句式结构(leading)相同所以没有用surrounding.

Specialdifficulties难点here

倒装的用法

yhashemadethismistakebeforebuthewillmakeitagain.

endidIrealizewhatwashappening

illItrusthimagain.

doyoufindtrafficwardenswhoarekindandhelpful.

trafficwardenn.交通管理员(wardenn.监护人;看守人)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

28

1…C

excun.理由,借口

beyondprep.除…以外

satisfyvt.满足,使满意

dissatisfyvt.使感觉不满,不满足

factualadj.事实的,实际的

contentn.内容

2…B

3...Aactivityn.行动,行为/suspiciousadj.可疑的,怀疑的

4…B课文中的andthen强调动作的先后。

--Havingenthemovie,theywentforawalk.

6...Dareply表示“任意”的一个答复

7...Bunless=ifnot一般过去时

8…Cinformsbof/aboutsth

9…Cpublicn.公众,(特定的)人群

audiencen.听众,观众

lecturen.演讲

10…Bprint=publish

pressn.压,按gotopress交付印刷

pressingadj.紧迫的;迫切的

impressvt.盖印,留下印象

11...D

innocentadj.清白的,无罪的,天真的,无知的

unfortunateadj.不幸的

12...D

请求允许做某事:askforpermissiontodosth/允许某人做某事:begivenpermissiontodosth

admit+名词/动名词/that从句

Lesson06Smash-and-grab砸橱窗抢劫

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

smash-and-grabn.砸橱窗抢劫

smashvt.打碎,粉碎(=breaksthintopiecesviolently)violentlyadv.猛烈地

--Smashthecar.

Smashvi.打碎,粉碎(--Thedishessmashedonthefloor.)

smashinto撞击到某处(--Thebussmashedintoatree.)

grabv.抢夺,掠夺,夺取(=izesuddenly)

--Hegrabbedmebythearm.

--Hegrabbedthecoinandranoff.他抓起硬币就跑了。

snatchvt.抢,夺取(=catchsth/sbsuddenlyandviolently)

--Thebigbirdsnatchesthehenfromtheground.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

29

Seizev.抓住,逮住,夺取(强调抓住、抓到的结果)

--Fearizedher.她突然感觉很恐惧。

catchvt.捕获,赶上(车船等)(=getholdofsth/sbmoving)

--catchmou/catchbus/catchathief

Grasp强调“掌握”

--Wehavealreadygraspedsixthousandwords.

Hold强调抓牢、抓紧(catchholdof抓住)

--Heisholdinganumbrella.

arcaden.有拱廊的街道(两旁常设商店)

Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街

Jewelleryn.珠宝(总称)

Necklacen.项链

Ringn.戒指

Backgroundn.背景(onthebackgroundofsth.)

--backgroundinformation背景资料

--amanofexcellentbackground有很好的背景的人

velvetn.天鹅绒,丝绒

headlightn.(汽车等)前灯

blarev.发嘟嗜声,吼叫

staffn.全体工作人员

raidn.偷袭/raidvt.,vi.袭击,突击

scramblev.爬行(=creepquickly)

--Thetwothievesscrambledintotheircar.

Climbvt.爬上(--climbupthetree)

Mountvt.登上(--mountthehill)

Fantasticadj.非常大的

1>=verygreat/verylarge非常大的

--afantasticsumofmoney=averylargesumofmoney

2>=strangeadj.奇怪的,奇异的

--astrangedream=afantasticdream

3>=wonderfuladj.极好的,美好的,极妙的

--afantasticplay.

ashtrayn.烟灰缸

ownern.所有者,业主

admirevt.以赞赏的眼光看着

busilyadv.忙碌地

arrangev.安排,排列,协商

hornn.(牛、羊等的)角,喇叭

roarvi.吼叫,怒号

jewelern.珠宝商,宝石匠,钟表匠

wheeln.(汽车的)方向盘

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

30

ironn.铁adj.铁的

furnituren.家具

diamondn.钻石,菱形

Text课文

trytostopthethieves?

TheexpensiveshopsinafamousarcadenearPiccadillywerejust"opening.

介词短语修饰shops

--Theshoeshopinmyneighborhoodwasjustopening.

在我家附近的鞋店刚刚开门营业

Atthistimeofthemorning,thearcadewasalmostempty.

,theownerofajewelleryshopwasadmiringanewwindowdisplay.

BeiJing,ourcapital,isdevelopingenormously.

--enormouslyadv.非常地,巨大地(=atfantasticspeed)

Twoofhisassistantshadbeenworkingbusilysinceeighto'clockandhadonlyjustfinished.

Diamondnecklacesandringshadbeenbeautifullyarrangedonabackgroundofblack

velvet.

Aftergazingatthedisplayforveralminutes,wentbackintohisshop.

Aftergazingat…=Afterhegazedat…

Afterhavinggazedat…=Afterhehadgazedat…

Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshorn

blaring,roareddownthearcade.

with的符合结构:(独立主格结构)

1>如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系,应该采用现在分词形式作宾补。

--Shesatstaringintothedistancewithtearsstreamingdownhercheeks.

她坐着凝视着远方泪流满面。(Cheekn.脸颊,面颊)

--Shestoodtherewithherhandsrestingonherhips

2>如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是动宾关系,应该采用过去分词形式作宾补。

--Heranintotheroomwithhisfacecoveredwithtears.

--Withhishomeworkfinished,hefelthappy.

3>如果表达某事将要发生,要用动词不定式to;

--Withalotofworktodo,hecan'tgotothecinema.

4>如果是说明当时的情况,常用形容词、副词、介词短语表明宾语的状态;

--Heudtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.(openadj.开着的)

--Hewentoutwithhishaton.(on是副词)

--Withthemeetingover,wewenthome.(overadv.结束)

--Hecameinwithaknifeinhishand.(inhishand--介词短语)

--Towotherswithblackstockingsovertheirfacesjumpedout.(overtheirfaces--介词短语)

另外两个脸上蒙着黑色袜子的人跳了出来。

5>总结:

with用于句首或句尾,常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等。

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

31

with如果跟在名词之后,是用来修饰限定该名词。

--athiefwithstockingoverhisface.

--ateacherwithabookunderhisarm.

--aroomwiththewindowsopen.

Itcametoastopoutsidethejeweller's.

cometo后面常接名词,表示达到

--cometoastop停下来/cometoanend结束/cometoadecision做出决定

--cometoanagreement达成协议/cometoanunderstanding互相理解

--cometosuccess获得成功,cometofame成名

停车stop=drawup=pullup

atthebarber's在理发店/atthebutcher's在肉店/atthebaker's在面包店

atthegreengrocer's在蔬菜水果店/atthegrocer's在杂货店/atthestationer's在文具店

atthetobacconist's在烟草店/atthechemist's在药店

barbern.理发员,理发师

butchern.屠夫,肉商

bakern.面包师,面包工人n.<美>(便携式)烘炉

greengrocern.蔬菜水果商人n.蔬菜水果商店

grocern.食品商人n.杂货店

stationern.文具商人n.文具店

tobacconistn.烟草商人n.烟店

chemistn.化学家,药剂师

Onemanstayedatthewheelwhiletwootherswithblackstockingovertheirfacesjumped

outandsmashedthewindowoftheshopwithironbars.

Whilethiswasgoingon,wasupstairs.

Heandhisstaffbeganthrowingfurnitureoutofthewindow.

Chairsandtableswentflyingintothearcade.

Oneofthethieveswasstruckbyaheavystatue,buthewastoobusyhelpinghimlfto

diamondstonoticeanypain.

helponelfto自便

--Myroommatehelpedherlftomyclotheswithoutaskingme.

Theraidwasalloverinthreeminutes,forthemenscrambledbackintothecaranditmoved

offatafantasticspeed.

atafantasticspeed/atatremendousspeed/atahighspeed/atafullspeed

withgreatspeed

Justasitwasleaving,rushedoutandranafteritthrowingashtraysandvas,

butitwasimpossibletostopthethieves.

Theyhadgotawaywiththousandsofpoundsworthofdiamonds.

hundredsofthousandsofdollarsworthofjewel

Specialdifficulties难点

前缀构词法:

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

32

1>dis

加在形容词前

--agreeable(adj.使人愉快的)disagreeable(adj.不愉快的)

--content(adj.满意的vt.使满足)discontent(adj.不满的vt.令人不满n.不满)

--graceful(adj.优美的)disgraceful(adj.使失体面的,耻辱的)

--honest(adj.诚实的,正直的)dishonest(adj.不诚实的)

--satisfactory(adj.满意的)dissatisfactory(adj.不满意的)

加在名词前

--agreement(n.同意)disagreement(n.意见不同)

--honesty(n.诚实,正直)dishonesty(n.不诚实,不老实)

--ability(n.能力,才干)disability(n.无力,无能)

--grace(n.优美,雅致)disgrace(n.耻辱)

--comfort(n.舒适vt.安慰)discomfort(n.不舒适vt.使不舒适)

可以加在动词前

--agree(v.同意)disagree(v.不同意)

--appear(vi.出现)disappear(vi.消失,不见)

--believe(相信,信任)disbelieve(v.不信,怀疑)

在名词前加dis得到动词,表示除去、解除。

--courage(n.勇气,精神)discourage(vt.使气馁)

--root(n.根,根部)disroot/unroot(vt.连根拔除)

--mask(n.面具,掩饰v.戴面具,掩饰)unmask/dismask(vt.揭露,暴露)

--burden(n.担子,负担v.负担)disburden(v.解除负担)

2>il--加在以i开头的形容词之前

--legal(adj.法律的,法定的)illegal(adj.违法的)

--logical(adj.合乎逻辑的)illogical(adj.不合逻辑的)

--literate(adj.有文化的n.学者)illiterate(adj.没受教育的n.文盲)

3>im--加在以b,m,p开头的形容词之前

--possible(adj.可能的)impossible(adj.不可能的)

--mortal(adj.必死的,人类的)immortal(adj.不朽的)

--moral(adj.道德的)immoral(adj.不道德的)

--balanced(adj.平衡的)imbalanced(adj.不平衡的)

--balance(n.平衡)imbalance(n.不平衡)

4>ir--加在以r开头的形容词之前

--regular(adj.规则的)irregular(adj.不规则的)

--rational(adj.理性的)irrational(adj.无理性的)

--resistible(adj.可抵抗的)irresistlble(adj.不可抵抗的)

5>in--主要用于其它字母开头的词之前

--human(adj.人性的)inhuman(adj.野蛮的)

--correct(adj.正确的)incorrect(adj.不正确的)

--justice(n.正义,公平)injustice(n.不正义,不公平)

--sincere(adj.真诚的)insincere(adj.虚假的,不真诚的)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

33

6>un--只能用于形容词和动词之前

--happy(adj.快乐的)unhappy(adj.不幸的,不快乐的)

--friendly(adj.友好的)unfriendly(adj.不友好的)

--lucky(adj.幸运的)unlucky(adj.不幸的)

--conditional(adj.有条件的)unconditional(adj.无条件的)

--limited(adj.有限的)unlimited(adj.无限的)

--official(adj.官方的,正式的)unofficial(adj.非官方的,非正式的)

--just(adj.正义的,公正的)unjust(adj.不公平的)

未(主要用于过去分词之前)

--undecided(adj.未定的)unfinished(adj.未完成的)

--unexpected(adj.未预料到)unhurt(adj.没有受伤的)

用于动词之前表示做相反的动作

--lock(v.锁,锁上)unlock(vt.开...锁)

--tie(vt.系,打结)untie(vi.松开,解开)

--cover(vt.覆盖)uncover(vt.揭开,揭露)

--pack(vt.包装)unpack(v.打开包裹)

--dress(v.穿衣)undress(vt.使脱衣服)

--load(v.装载)unload(v.卸货)

Exerci:

1>polite(adj.有礼貌的)impolite(adj.无礼的,粗鲁的)

2>agreedisagree

3>legible(adj.清晰的,易读的)illegible(adj.难辨认的,字迹模糊的)

4>accurate(adj.正确的,精确的)inaccurate(adj.错误的,不准确的)

5>lockedunlocked

6>regularirregular

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1.B正确onone'swaytodo

--Heisonthe/hiswaytobecomealawyer.

2.A正确warnsomebodyoutofone'sway警告某人别挡住去路

inone'sway挡住某人的去路

--Youareinmyway.挡住了我的去路。

3.C正确4.C正确

形容词和名词共同修饰名词时,形容词在前,名词在后。(adj+n+被修的名词)

--anoldvillageschool

--anemptybeerglass

5.B正确做句子结构题时要和原文加以对比

6.A正确madeof可以看出原材料

7.A正确begandoingsomething=begantodosomething8.D正确9.A正确

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

34

acceleratev.加速,促进

--Thedriveracceleratedtopasstheothercar.

speedv.加快(加快动作和工作的进程,常和up连用)

--We'dbetterspeedup,ifwewanttogetthereintime.

--Thecarspedalongtheroad.

Revervt.倒车,颠倒,倒转

--Thecarreverdthroughthegate.

10.A正确

Overdresdv.(使)穿得太讲究

--Ifellratheroverdresdinthissmartsuit.

Overlookedvt.俯瞰,远眺

11.B正确

forthetimebeing=temporarily(adv.临时)

meanwhile=atthesametime

Asithappened随着这类事情的发生

forawhile=foramoment

12.C正确

flyflewflown(fly是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。)

--goflying

--ndsthflying(ndsthdoing)(directionn.方向)

--Agustofwindntthepaperflyinginalldirections一阵风刮得纸片到处乱飞。

hurlvt.用力投掷

projectv.发射(=ndup发出,射出,长出)

Lesson07Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Mutilatev.使残缺不全/mutilationn.切断,毁损

及物动词(经常用于被动语态)

1>毁伤、残害

--Hewasmutilatedintheaccident,andnowhasonlyoneleg.

--amutilatednote一张残缺不全的钞票

2>把...搞砸了

--You'vealreadymutilatedthenovelbymakingsuchchanges.

Dollar=dadpresident美元

chewv.咀嚼

--Alotofpeoplelovechewinggums.(chewinggums口香糖)(gumn.树脂,橡胶)

--Don'tbiteoffmorethanonecanchew.不要贪多嚼不烂。Bite(n.咬)

chewthefat聊天,闲谈

chewedup着急的、担心的嚼碎,毁坏,消耗

--Don'tgetworriedaboutyourexamination.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

35

--Don'tgetchewedupaboutyourexamination.

Microwaven.微波,微波炉

Microswitch微型开关

Microfilm缩影胶片

Microscope显微镜

Microcond一百万分之一秒,微秒

Microphone扩音器,麦克风

Microbiology微生物学

microadj.极小的,微小的/macroadj.巨大的

ovenn.炉灶

safekeepingn.妥善保管

keepsomethingsafe

--PleakeepyourIDcardsafe.妥善保管你的身份证。

干坏事:doevil(动词)/evildoing(名词)

惹麻烦:maketrouble(动词)/troublemaking(名词)

Newcastlen.纽卡斯尔(英国港市)

Identifyv.鉴定,识别(=proveidentityofsborsth)

--Hecan'tidentifytheperson

identityn.身份

--Sofarthearcheologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.

=Sofarthearcheologistshavebeenunabletoidentifyher.

identificationn.辨认,鉴定,证明

spokeswomann.女发言人

troursn.裤子,长裤Britainn.英国despairn.绝望,失望vi.绝望

concernvt.涉及,关系到dismayn.沮丧,惊慌noten.纸币ashn.灰,灰烬

Text课文

WhydidJanecookJohn'swallet?

Hasiteverhappenedtoyou?Haveyoueverputyourtroursinthewashingmachineand

thenrememberedtherewasalargebanknoteinyourbackpocket?

断首或断尾运用疑问句:

断首--主要引起读者的兴趣和注意力。

断尾--进一步巩固、加深与本段所涉及的内容,并引起读者的沉思。

Whenyourescuedyourtrours,didnoteinyourbackpocket?

Rescuedvt.援救,营救

--Hundredsofpeoplewenttorescuetheplanecrash.

Rescue是一个大词(大词小用可以加强语气)

Whenyourescuedyourtrours,didyoufindthenotewaswhiterthanwhite?

whiterthanwhite=damaged,mutilated

PeoplewholiveinBritainneedn'tdespairwhentheymademistakeslikethis(andalotof

peopledo)!

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

36

needn'tdespair(v.)=needn’tfeeldespaired(adj.)

Fortunatelyforthem,theBankofEnglandhasateamcalledMutilatedLadieswhichdeals

withclaimsfrompeoplewhofedtheirmoneytoamachineortotheirdog.

Fortunatelyforthem=luckilyforthem=happilyforthem

Teamn.队,组(=Organizationn.组织,机构,团体)

calledMutilatedLadies=thatcalledMutilatedLadies

--这里采用分词called是为了不和后面which引导的定语从句从复

dealwithv.处理(dealvi.处理,应付)

Claimn.(根据权利提出)要求,索赔

--makeaclaimfor对(赔偿等)提出要求...

.(fed,fed,feeding)给吃,喂

--feedsthto…把某物喂给…

Dogs,items,lovetochewupmoney!

items似乎

本句=Itemsthatdogslovetochewupmoney!

ArecentcaconcernsJaneButlinwhofiancé,John,runsasuccessfulfurniturebusiness.

第二段充分的说明了约翰是怎么样把钱从银行里拿回来

concernvt.涉及到(=isabout)

runafactory开一家工厂/runacompany开一家公司

Johnhadaverygooddayandputhiswalletcontaining$3,000intothemicrowaveovenfor

safekeeping.

Ihaveaverygoodday.我今天过得很好。

Ihaveagoodtime.我玩得很高兴。

Frosafekeeping=tokeepitsafe

Walletcontaining…=walletwhichcontained…

ThenheandJanewenthor-riding.

gohor-riding/gofishing/gohunting/goshopping

Whentheygothome,Janecookedtheirdinnerinthemicrowaveovenandwithoutrealizing

it,cookedherfiancé'swalletaswell.

Imaginetheirdismaywhentheyfoundabeautifully-cookedwalletandnotesturnedtoash!

beautifully-cookedwallet用一种讽刺的口吻,一种幽默

turnto=turnedinto=become

Johnwenttoehisbankmanagerwhonttheremainsofwalletandthemoneytothe

specialdepartmentoftheBankofEnglandinNewcastle:theMutilateLadies!

Who=bankmanager

TheyexaminedtheremainandJohngotallhismoneyback.

'Solongasthere'ssomethingtoidentify,wewillgivepeopletheirmoneyback,'saidaspokes

womanfortheBank.'Lastyear,wepaid$1.5mon21,000claims.

solongas=aslongas=onconditionthat只要…(表假设)

paymoneyfor…为...付多少钱

--Wepaid80dollarsforthedictionary.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

37

payoff还清(债务等)付清

--Thecoupleshavealreadypaidtheirdebtsoff

payback

1>把钱归还回去paymoneyback

2>报复、报仇paysomebodyback--Don’tsaythatagainorIwillpayyouback.

Specialdifficulties难点

Intervaln.间隔,距离,幕间休息

如何运用后缀(名词+后缀动词)

1>less(表示:否定概念)

--care(n.v.注意,关心)careless(adj.粗心的)

2>ful(表示:有,充满了)

--success(n.成功)successful(adj.成功的)

--hopeful(adj.怀有希望的)/careful(adj.小心的,仔细的)

3>ly(形容词+ly副词),(名词+ly形容词)

--daily(.每日的)/weekly(.每星期的)

--yearly(.每年的)/hourly(adj.每小时的)

4>ic/pic

--energetic(adj.精力充沛的,积极的)

--athlete(n.运动员,运动选手)athletic(adj.运动的,体育的,身体健壮的)

5>ish

--fool(n.愚人)foolish(adj.愚蠢的)

--childish(adj.孩子气的)/womanish(adj.像女人的)

Exerci:

1>painless(adj.无痛的,不痛的)

2>beautiful

3>daily

4>childish(--ish的形容词具有贬义色彩)

5>athletic(adj.运动的,体育的,身体健壮的)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1.B正确involvevt.包括,使陷入

2.D正确

--identifyidentifiable(adj.可以确认的)

--returnreturnable(adj.可退回的)

--eateatable(adj.可以吃的)

3.B正确unless=ifnot

4.A正确c)anylargebanknotes(any+复数)

5.C正确真实的条件句

6.B正确

一般来说,如果表示某人的东西就用's.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

38

如果采用介词of表示所属关系,被修饰名词前要出现定冠词。

--Mary’sbook=thebookofMary

7.C正确简单句,选用一般过去式

8.A正确safetyn.安全,保险

9.A正确

--inchargeof某人负责某物

--inthechargeof某物由某人负责

10.D正确--becomeash=turntoash=turnintoash

11.B正确

nd=dispatch(vt.送,派遣,发出)=deliver(vt.递送,交付)

convey(vt.运输,运送)fetch(vt.去取回来)

12.B正确

provided(conj.倘若)=providing(conj.倘若)

--Providedthatyoureducetheprice,I'lltakeallthegoods.

假如你减价,我会买下所有的货物。

c)suppod的形式不对,suppo和supposing都可以。

--Suppo(conj.假使...结果会怎样)=supposing(conj.万一,假使)

Lesson08Afamousmonastery著名的修道院

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Monasteryn.寺院,修道院

Abbotn.男修道院院长

Conventn.女修道会,女修道院

Nunn.修女

abbessn.女修道院院长

d圣伯纳德

Passn.关隘

Watchdogn.看门狗

Rashlyadv.莽撞地,冒失地

Boldlyadv.大胆地,显眼地

Enclosuren.围场,圈地

Monkn.和尚

Privacyn.清静,隐居

Skiern.滑雪者

Skin.滑雪橇vi.滑雪(--goskiing)

Eastern.复活节

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

39

--atEaster在复活节/atChristmas在圣诞节/atThanksgiving在感恩节

connect(v.连接,联合,关连)

Switzerland(n.瑞士,欧洲中部国家)

Italy(n.意大利,欧洲南部国家)

Metre=Meter(n.米,公尺)

Lie,Lay,Lain,Lying(vi.位于,躺,平放)

Lie,Lied,Lied,Lying(vi.说谎)

Lay,Laid,Laid,Lying(vt.放置,产卵)

Europe(n.欧洲)Asia(n.亚洲)

Tunnel(n.隧道,地道)Attempt(vt.尝试,企图)

Freedom(n.自由,自主)Wander(vi.漫步,徘徊)

Regular(adj.规则的,有秩序的,经常的)

Party(n.团体,一伙人)

Peace(n.静寂,安宁,和平,和睦)

Minusadj.负的,减的prep.减去n.负数

Minusadj.负的负的或在负值区间的

--aminusvalue一个负值/minusfivedegrees零下五度

Degreen.度数,度,程度

Text课文

ddogsudfor?

dPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.

St.=saint(n.圣人,圣徒adj.神圣)

Bernardn.伯纳德(男子名)

Passn.关口

把...与…连接在一起connect…to…/join….to…/link…with…

connect...with把...与某事联系在一起

--Ican'tconnectthepicturewithmyfriend,Mary.

beconnectedwith与...有联系

--Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?

At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.

At2,473metres(介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示原因、条件或状态)

--Inred,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.

--Attheageof25,heisable.在十五岁的时候,他很能干。

--Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.

d,witchwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesabout

amileaway.

Found(v.建立,创立)=tup(设立,竖立)=establish(vt.成立,建立)

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别:

1>非限制性定语从句只是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充、说明和解释,去掉

对主句影响不大。

2>限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分。

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

40

1>who引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语

--asafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.

--,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.

--Therewereveryfewpasngers,whoescapedwithoutriousinjury.(n.伤害)

旅客很少,他们都逃出来了,没有受到重伤。

--Therewereveryfewpasngerswhoescapedwithoutriousinjury.

没有受重伤而逃出来的旅客很少。

--Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.

所有司机都知道堵车的事,都走了别的路。

--Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad,andotherswhodidn'tknow

aboutthetrafficjamstilltookthisheavyroad.

得知堵车的司机走了别的路,不知道堵车事件的司机仍然走这条路。

2>指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用which,不用that。

--Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwaxactlythesumIneeded.

3>指代时间when、地点where

--Hewasleftonthedertisland,wherehestayedforaslongasthreeweeks.

他被留在了荒岛上,在那里他呆了长达三周之久。

Forhundredsofyears,ddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthe

dangerousPass.

Life(n.生命,生活)lives(life的复数)

Thefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereudaswatchdogvenin

Romantimes.

which指代friendlydogs

--Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,wasudasasymboloffriendship

symbol(n.象征)

Nowthatatunnelahsbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteach

year,thedogsarestillntoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.

Nowthat既然

1>用做时间连接词,后面通常跟完成式

--Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.

2>用做原因连接词时,后面时态不限

--Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmylf.

whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however

=nomatterwho/what/when/where/which/how

--Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.无论什么时候你想打电话给我都行。

--Whicheverdayyoucome,we'llbepleadtoeyou.

--Whereveryougo,I'llfollowyou.

--Howeverbusyyouare,youmustsparesometimetostudyEnglish.

Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePasson

foot.

Despite(介词)=inspiteof(of是介词)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

41

attempttodosomething=trytodosomething企图做某事

Therebe结构:

--TherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.

=TherearestillafewstudentswhoarestudyingEnglishintheclassroom.

依旧有些学生在教室学习英语。

Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsof

peoplewhocrossthePassincars.

incars=bycar

Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.

About(adv.到处,周围)

--Don'tlitterwastepaperabout.不要到处扔废纸。Litter(vt.乱丢,铺草,弄乱)

--lookabout到处看/goabout到处走/runabout到处跑/wanderabout到处闲逛

keep经常和介词短语、形容词、分词搭配使用,表示使某人或某物处于某种状态。

--Keephimout./Keephimin.(介词)

--Dokeepthecatintheroom.(介词)

--I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.(现在分词)

--Thelambwaskepttighttoatree.=Ikeptthelambtighttoatree.

lamb(n.小羊,羔羊)/tight(adj.紧的,绷紧的)

Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.

quitetheopposite恰恰相反

Thetemperaturedropsto-30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.

Themonkspreferwintertosummeroftheyhavemoreprivacy.

preferAtoB宁愿A也不愿B

--Ipreferreadingtodoingnothing.我宁愿看书,也不愿什么都不做。

--Theboyprefersapplestobananas.

prefertodosththandosth

--Hepreferstoreadthandonothing.我宁愿看书,也不愿什么都不做。

Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.

Theonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereat

ChristmasandEaster.

TheregularvisitorstoBeiJing.

Theyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofmountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeat

d'smonastery.

Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,enterforthegame.

Chess(n.国际象棋)

Specialdifficulties难点

1>what2>whenengaged(adj.忙碌的,使用中的)3>who

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...Cbebestknownfor=befamousfor…众所周知,因...而著名

attraction(n.吸引,吸引力)trap(vt.使受限制,设陷)

2...Cthemainadvantage(n.好处,优势,有利条件)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

42

endanger(vt.危及)

Swiss(n.瑞士人adj.瑞士的,瑞士人的)

Italian(n.意大利人,意大利语adj.意大利的,意大利语的,意大利文化的)

3...Ddiffer(vi.不一致,不同)

occupation(n.工作,职业)undisturbed(adj.不受打扰的)

pursue(vt.从事,继续,追赶)relatively(adv.相对地,比较地)

4...D名词作表语(原句中为at介词短语作状语)

5...A形容词或副词和enoughtodo搭配

b)选项错在sorashasto(--Youaresokindastohelpme.)

6...Awith的复合结构形式

--Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.

--Withsomanypeoplearoundme,Ifellhappy.

7...C让某人做某事:letsbdo

8...C泛泛的概念采取一般现在时

9...B强调两者之间

10...Awhenever=ifever无论什么时候,只要情况是如此

--Whenever/ifeveryoupouroilonwater,itfloats.(vi.飘浮)

inca(conj.万一)主要是讨论预防措施

--Youshouldinsureyourhouincathereisafire.

11...Dvoyage(.航海,航行)

12...Cwander=roam(v.漫游,闲逛,徜徉)/graze(v.放牧,吃草)

drift(n.v.漂流)=float(n.v.浮动,飘浮)wonder(vt.想知道,感到奇怪)

Lesson09Flyingcats飞猫

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Fascinatev.迷住,吸引住

Fascination(n.魔力,入迷,魅力)

Fascinating(adj.令人着迷的)

--Sweetmusicisfascinating.

Fascinated(adj.感到着迷的)

Befascinatedwith…迷上了…

--Heisfascinatedwithmusic.

--Heisfascinatedwithchess./AreyoufascinatedwithEnglish?

Becrazyabout…着迷于…

--Heiscrazyaboutmusic.

Bemadabout…着迷于…

--Heismadaboutmusic.

Like,Love,Befondof喜欢

--Theboyisfondoffootball.

Affectionateadj.充满深情,柔情的

--Catsareaffectionateanimals.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

43

Affectionately(adv.充满深情的,有感情的,慈爱的)

--Theladyislookingthatmanaffectionately

affection(n.友爱,爱情,影响,疾病,倾向)

affect(vt.影响,感动)

Mysteriousadj.神秘的,难以理解的

--amysteriousplan/amysteriouxplanation

mystery(n.谜面,神秘感)

--Hisdeathisamystery.

Submissiveadj.服从的,顺从的

besubmissivetosb

--Dogsandhorsaresubmissive,butcatsareneversubmissivetous.

Obedient(adj.服从的,孝顺的)

--Areyouobedient?

Submit(v.服从,顺从)

--submitonelftosb/sth

Submission(n.屈服,降服,服从)

Felineadj.猫的

Independencen.独立,独立性dependence(n.依靠,依赖,信任,信赖)

Independent(adj.独立自主的,不受约束的)dependent(adj.依靠的,依赖的)

--Youhavealreadygrownup,youmustbeindependent.

Depend(vi.依靠,依赖)independ没有此词

--Youmustdependonyourlf.

high-riadj.高层的

windowsilln.窗槛

paratroopern.伞兵

squirreln.松鼠

air-resistancen.空气阻力

impactn.冲击力

height(n.高度,海拔,高地[常用复数])

protect(vt.保护)

remain(vi.保持)

suspicious(adj.可疑的,怀疑的)

apparently(adj.显然的,外观上的)

ability(n.能力,才干)

fall(vi.倒下,落下)--(fell,fallen,falling)

medical(adj.医学的,内科的)

period(n.时期,学时)

shock(n.打击,震动)

injury(n.伤害,侮辱)injure(vt.损害,伤害)

ideal(n.理想adj.理想的,完美的)

sill(n.窗台,门槛)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

44

storey(n.层=[美]story)

behave(vi.举动,举止,运转)

suffer(vt.遭受,经历,忍受vi.受痛苦,受损害)

stretch(v.伸展,伸长)

increa(n.增加vt.增加,加大vi.增加,繁殖)

resistance(n.阻力,电阻,抵抗力,反抗,抵抗)

reduce(vt.减少,缩小)

Text课文

Howdocatstrytoprotectthemlveswhenfallingfromgreatheights?

Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.

neverfailto双重否定意味肯定(运用双重否定结构加深句子肯定的语气)

--Ifyouaskforhelpinthepoliteway,youneverfailtosucceed.

--Ifyoureceiverequestslikethis,you'llneverfailtoaccept.

双重否定结构:(起加深句子肯定的语气的作用)

1>否定词+failto

--neverfailto/can'tfailto/don'tfailto

2>否定的形容词之前加以否定

--Whathesaidisnotunreasonable.(adj.不讲道理的,不合理的)

--Itisquitecommonforustomakemistakes.

=Itisnotuncommonforustomakemistakes.

3>not+without

--Youcan'(vt.获得,得到)

--Hedoesn'thaveanymealwithoutmeats.

4>no+not

--Thereisnocatthatdoesn'tlikefish.

--Thereisnothingthathecan'tdo.没有什么他不能做的。

--Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.没有无例外的法规。Exception(n.除外,例外)

Theycanbefriendlyandaffectionatetowardshumans,buttheyleadmysteriouslivesof

theirownaswell.

aswell也,又,同样

Theyneverbecomesubmissivelikedogsandhors.

Asaresult,humanshavelearnedtorespectfelineindependence.

asaresultadv.结果

havelearnedto学会了,习惯了

--Peoplehavelearnedtoexpect(盼望)thattrainsarepunctual.(adj.准时的)

--Childrenhavelearnedtoexpect(认为)thattheirparentsareveryable.(adj.能干的)

Mostcatsremainsuspiciousofhumansalltheirlives.

besuspiciousof…对…表示怀疑,存有戒心

Oneofthethingsthatfascinatesusmostaboutcatsisthepopularbeliefthattheyhavenine

lives.

that引导同位语从句

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

45

--Oneofthethingsthatfascinatesusmostaboutplanesisthepopularfactthattheyaresafeand

fast.

Apparently,re

agooddealof+不可数名词

apparently(adv.显然地),语气不是非常确定(=Itemsthat...)

Acat'sabilitytosurvivefallsisbadonfact.

Survive(v.幸免于,幸存,生还)

Fall(n.堕落,落下,下降)

--acat'sabilitytosurvivefallsisbadonfact

bebadon基于事实基础之上

basthon…把某事建立在…基础之上

--Webathetheoryonthefact.我们把这理论建立在事实的基础之上。

--Thetheoryisbadonfact.这理论是建立在事实基础上的。

RecentlytheNewYorkAnimalMedicalCentermadeastudyof132catsoveraperiodof

five

months.

makeastudyofsth对什么作出研究

overaperiodoffivemonths

Allthecatshadoneexperienceincommon:theyhadfallenoffhighbuildings,yetonly

eightofthemdiedfromshockorinjuries.

incommon=thesame

falloff坠落,掉落

dieof+illness,dia,hunger,thirst

diefrom+shock,injures,wound

Ofcour,NewYorkistheidealplaceforsuchaninterestingstudy,becauthereisno

shortageoftallbuildings.

Shortage(n.不足,缺乏)=lack(n.缺乏,短缺),两个词都和of搭配

--Shortageofmoneyledtothefailureoftheexperiments.

资金缺乏导致实验的失败。

Thereareplentyofhigh-riwindowsillstofallfrom!Onecat,Sabrina,fell32storeys,yet

onlysufferedfromabrokentooth.

32storeys

sufferfrom遭受什么痛苦

--Alotofpeopleintheworldaresufferingfromterribledia.

'Catsbehavelikewell-trainedparatroopers.'adoctorsaid.

behavelike=actlike

well-trained训练很好的,well-decorated装饰漂亮的

Itemsthatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikelytoinjurethemlves.

themore...themore...(用定冠词the+形容词或副词的比较级)

--TheharderyoustudyEnglish,thebetteryoucanlearnit.

--Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

46

belikelytodo有可能如何(强调可能性)

--Incoldwinter,wearelikelytocatchacold.

Inalongdrop,theyreachspeedsof60milesanhourandmore.

andmore甚至更多(=morethan60milesanhour)

Athighspeeds,retchouttheirlegslike

flyingsquirrels.

athighspeeds

stretchout充分伸展

Thisincreastheirair-resistanceandreducestheshockofimpactwhentheyhittheground.

Specialdifficulties难点

so,such,sucha,suchan

1>so

2>such(fun是不可数名词)

3>suchan(exhibitionn.展览会)

4>so(twinn.双胞胎中一人)

5>sucha

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...Aendlesslyfascinating无穷的吸引人的

Endlessly(adv.不断地,无穷尽地)

2...D3...A

unlikely(adj.未必的,不太可能的)

exceed(vt.超越,胜过)

4...C

for对于人们来讲

with对于人们来讲(强调对比概念)

--Withsomechildren,theirpocketmoneygoesalongway.(暗含:对于其他的孩子来说…)

Unfailing(adj.经久不衰的,无穷尽的)

Endless(adj.无止境的,无穷的)

5...B

as...as...象…一样

inthewaythat...以…方式

--Iloveyouinthewaythatyouloveme.

--Welikemodernartinthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.

6...Dpopularly(adv.一般地,流行地,通俗地,大众地)

Itissaidthat...据说…

Itisannouncedthat...据宣布…

Itisreportedthat...据报道…

7...Bthereisplentyof改为thereareplentyof就对了

8...A9...A

throughout(prep.遍及,贯穿)

--throughoutone'slife毕生,整个一生中

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

47

during在…期间(时间较短)

--duringourholiday/duringtheweek

through侧重强调从空间穿过

--throughthecrowd穿过人群/throughthedoor

--MondaythroughFriday

10...CItwouldem(that)...=apparently

eventn.结果,事件,事变(intheeventadv.结果,如果)

Surprisingly(adv.令人惊讶地)

11...C

explain(v.解释,说明)

test(v.测试,试验,检验)

.(bore,borne/born,bearing)v.负担,忍受

support(vt.支撑,扶持,支持)

--Thetheoryissupportedbythefact.

--Thetheoryisbadonthefact.

12...A

evenso(conj.虽然如此)注意:要有上下文

--Heisverytired,evensohekeepsstudyingEnglishhard.

Although(conj.虽然,尽管)引导让步状语从句

inspiteof(虽然,尽管)只用了连接名词、动名词或代词

moreover(adv.而且;此外)表示递近关系

--Idon'tlikeskating;moreover,theiceistoothin.我不喜欢溜冰,而且冰也太薄。

Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克”号的沉没

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Southamptonn.南安普敦(英国港市)

Colossaladj.庞大的(=largeinsize)

--AshipTitanicwascolossal.

--Acolossalmonument/Acolossalstatue

big

--Yougivemeabigsurpri.

--Heisabigperson.(重要)

--Theboxisbig.(largeandheavy)

large(体积大、数量大)

--anemptylargebox(体积大)/alargenumberofpeople(数量大)

great(伟大)

vast(辽阔、广阔)--vastdert

immen(adj.极广大的,无边的)

--immen=immeasurable不可测量的(measurableadj.可测量的)

--animmenstadium/animmeniceberg

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

48

enormous(重点突出数量、程度、体积)---强调程度时比big语气,且更正式。

--Wehadanenormouslunch.

--Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadeanenormoussuccess.

Giant(n.巨人,大力士adj.庞大的,巨大的)=gigantic(adj.巨人般的,巨大的)

--agiantperson

tremendous(=big、fast、powerful)

--Theplaneistravellingattremendousspeed.

Titanic(用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大)

--Theshipistitanic.

Huge

--强调体积大ahugestone/数量巨大ahugesumofmoney

watertightadj.不漏水的(--awatertightship)

watertight(引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的)

--watertightarguments无懈可击的论点/watertightexcu毫无破绽的借口

waterproof(adj.防水的)proof(adj.不能透入的)

--waterproofwatch防水手表/waterproofcoat防水雨衣

compartmentn.(轮船的)密封舱

floodv.充满水(=befilledwithwater)

--Theshipisflooded.

--Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.

--Ourclassroomisfloodedwithsunshine.

Floodn.洪水(--inflood洪水泛滥)

--Duringtherains,theriverisinflood

引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的(--inafloodofwords)

--Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsoneinghim.

Floatv.漂浮,飘浮=drift(vi,vt漂浮,漂荡,漂流n.漂流物,漂流)

tragicadj.悲惨的(=unfortunate)--atragicaccident

mirable(adj.痛苦的,悲惨的)

bitteradj.痛苦的

tragedyn.悲剧,惨案(--intragedy以悲剧形式)

--Theholidayendedintragedy.

Comedyn.喜剧

comicadj.喜剧的,滑稽的

comicaladj.古怪的,可笑的(含有贬义)

linern.班船

voyagen.航行(海上航行)/flight飞行/journey长途行程

--Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.

navigation航海,航行学,航海[航空]术

--navigationlight夜航灯光,导航灯

Icebergn.冰山

lookoutn.了望员

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

49

collisionn.碰撞

collidevi碰撞,抵触

--Theplanecollidedwiththemountain.

crashv.坠毁

--Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethatcrashedinthemountains.

conflictvi.和某事(某人)相抵触

--Myideaconflictswithyours.

clashvi.相冲突

--Hisweddingclashedwithmyexamination,soIcouldn'tgo.

Narrowlyadv.刚刚,勉强地

missv.避开

slightadj.轻微的

tremblev.震颤(有规律的、小幅度的抖动)

--Look,'swrongwithyou?

Shiverv.强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动

--Ifoundhe'sshiveringinacold.

shuddervi.强调全身的颤栗

--Theboyisshuddering,why?Becauhewasfrightened.

Faintadj.微弱的(=weakadj.弱的,虚弱的)

--faintsound,weaksound/weakvoice,faintvoice

=unconscious(adj.失去知觉,无意识的)

--Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.

slightadj.轻微的,微不足道的

--aslightheadache点轻微的头疼/aslightbook一本微不足道的书

horrorn.恐惧

abandonv.抛弃(因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物)

--Heabandonedhisrearchbecauofthewar.

dert(vt.放弃,遗弃,离弃)

--dertthearmy/derttheduty/derthisfamily

plungev.投入,跳入(=jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly)

--Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothewater.

--WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,alargenumberofpeopleplungedinto...

jump(侧重强调快速地跳)

--Theboyisjumpingupanddown.

Leapvt.跳跃,跳越(--Heleaptoutofthesleepingbad.)

Divevi.潜水,跳水,下潜,俯冲

lifeboatn.救生船

pasngern.乘客,旅客

crewn.全体人员tonn.吨,大量,许多

unsinkableadj.不会下沉的,不会沉底的

sinkingn.沉没Atlanticn.大西洋adj.大西洋的

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

50

Alarmn.警报

Sharplyadj.突然地,急剧地,强烈地,尖锐地

Directadj.直接的,笔直的

Tremblingadj.发抖的,震颤的,颤抖的n.发抖,震颤

Text课文

Whatwouldhavehappenedifonlytwoofthesixteenwater-tightcompartmentshadbeenflooded?

Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.

Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedfor...背景介绍

sailfor…航海去往某处

toutfor/tofffor出发去往某处

leavefor/headfor/makefor出发去往某处

--HewilltoutfortheAtlantic.

--Theplaneismakingfortheairport.

--WeareheadingforCanada.

Shewascarrying1,316pasngersandacrewof891.

Shewascarrying...(carry表示载有)

acrewof一组人员

Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.

modernstandards现代的标准

by=accordingto表示依据

--byregulation依据规则(regulationn.规则,规章)

--byrules依据条例(rulen.规则,惯例)

--byourestimate依据我们的估计(estimaten.估计,估价,评估v.估计,估价,评估)

--byone'slooks=byone'sappearance根据某人的长相(appearancen.外貌,出现)

accordingto…依据(事实、课文等客观存在的现实)

--accordingtothefact依据事实

--accordingtothe

Text课文依据这篇课文

inaccordancewith=accordingto

inaccordancewith…依据(法律等),更加正式

--inaccordancewithlaw/inaccordancewithrules

inmyopinion在我看来

Atthetime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,butwas

regardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.

Atthattime在当时

notonly...but(also)...不仅…而且…

beregardedas=beconsideredtobe=bethoughtofas把...看作为

口语中:regardsb./+(n./porn./adj./doing/done)

--Iregardhisideaastotallyunacceptable.(adj.无法接受的,不受欢迎的)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

51

--Wecan'tregardthematterasttled.(adj.定下的,决定的)

for表示原因

Eveniftwoofthewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.

beableto强调有能力

Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewentdownonher

firstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.

beremembered被永远记住(alwaysadv.永远,始终,总是)

godown=sink

onherfirstvoyage处女航,首航

withheavylossoflife损失惨重,造成大批人员的死亡

Fourdaysafterttingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywateroftheNorth

Atlantic,hugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.

fourdaysafterttingout...=fourdaysafterttingoff...

spotted=discovered

icy(adj.冰冷的,冷淡的,盖着冰的)waters(n.水域,海域)

Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedsharplytoavoidadirectcollision.

thealarmhadbeengiven发出警报

toavoid...不定式表目的

TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmenwalloficewhichroover

100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.

Justintime很及时

Missing…现在分词做状语,对主句的补充说明

which指代theimmenwallofice

Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwentdowntoe

whathadhappened.

frombelow从下方/fromabove从上方

Thenoihadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughthattheshiphadbeendamaged.

Sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat...(so...that…)

Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,forfiveofher

sixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!

toone'shorror使某人感到惊恐

toone'ssurpri使某人感到惊讶

Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicywater.

Theorderwasgiven命令被下达/toabandonship弃船(不定式做定语)

--beabletodosth能够做某事/theabilitytodosth做某事的能力

--ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事/theordertodosth做某事的命令

--becapableofdoingsth有能力做某事/capabilityofdoingsth做某事的能力

ability(n.能力,才干)

capable(adj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的)

capability(n.能力,才能,才干)

Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

52

As=becau

Specialdifficulties难点

1>动词后加-er

如果是以不发音的e结尾的,只加r(表示行为的主动者,做某事的人)。

workworker/teachteacher/writewriter/readreader

murder(vt.谋杀,凶杀)murderer(n.杀人犯,凶手)

2>动词、名词后加-ist(表示某种主义信仰者,从事某种职业、研究的人。)

Copycopyist(n.抄写员,模仿者)

typetypist(n.打字员)

novel(n.小说,长篇故事)novelist(n.小说作家)

drug(n.药)druggist(n.药商,药剂师)

tobacco(n.烟草,烟草制品)tobacconist(n.烟草商,烟店)

3>形容词后加-ness(抽象名词,表示一种性质、情况、状态)

kindkindness(n.仁慈,亲切,好意,善意)

bitterbitterness(n.苦味,辛酸,苦难)

happyhappiness(n.幸福,快乐)---以结尾要变y为i加ness.

willing(adj.乐意的,自愿的)willingness(n.自动自发,积极肯干)

4>某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。

Suggestsuggestion

posss(vt.占有,拥有,持有)posssion(n.拥有,占有)

collectcollection(n.收藏,搜集品)

以-te结尾的动词,把不发音的-e去掉,在加-ion.

Translate(vt.翻译,解释,转化)translation(n.翻译,译文,转化)

completecompletion(n.完成)

graduate(v.(使)(大学)毕业)graduation(n.毕业,毕业典礼)

某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉,在加-ation.

Explain(v.解释,说明)explanation(n.解释,解说,说明)

Exclaim(v.呼喊,惊叫,大声叫)exclamation(n.惊叫,喊叫)

5>(以-able/-ible结尾的)形容词之后加-ity变成(以-ability/-ibility结尾的)抽象名词

(表示性质、状态)

ableability

probable(adj.很可能的,大概的)probability(n.可能性,或然性,概率)

possible(adj.可能的)possibility(n.可能性,可能发生的事物)

mobile(adj.可移动的,机动的)mobility(n.活动性,灵活性,机动性)

Exerci:

Violin(n.小提琴)violinist(n.小提琴演奏者,小提琴家)

Responsible(adj.有责任的,可靠的)responsibility(n.责任,职责)

Careless(adj.粗心的,疏忽的)carelessness

1>physics(n.物理学)physicist(n.物理学者,唯物论者)

2>mine(n.矿v.开采,开矿)miner(n.矿工)

3>human(n.人类adj.人类的)humanity(n.人性,人类)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

53

4>impress(vt.留下印象)impression(n.印象,感想)

--makeagoodimpression

5>original(adj.最初的,原始的)originality(n.创意,创造性)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...Dmaiden(n.少女,处女adj.未婚的,纯洁的,处女的)

--onherfirst=maidenvoyage首航,处女航

2…Ccour(n.过程,路线,课程)--steep(adj.陡峭的,险峻的)steeply(adv.险峻地)

3...A

4...Bonboardher(her指代的是thegreatship)

--onboardtheplane在飞机上--onboardthetrain在火车上--onboardtheship在轮船上

5...D表示下沉的可能性

6…D有了“段时间”fourdays,所以用过去完成进行时。

7...Bso位于句首,句子必须倒装。8...D

9...Aveer(vi.转向vt.使转向)=turn

10...Cjustintime=withnotimetospare躲得很及时

innexttonotime=atonce=immediately

onasuddenimpul凭一时的冲动(impuln.冲动,推动,刺激)

11...B重点在于下去调查

investigate(v.调查,研究)examine(v.检查,调查)

12...Aroom(n.空间)

volume(n.容量,容积)

area(n.范围,区域,地区)

place(n.地方,地点)

Lesson11Notguilty无罪

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Guiltyadj.犯罪的,违法的

--Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn'thavedone.

--Hesaidthatwithaguiltysmile.

Guilt(n.罪行,内疚)guiltily(adv.有罪地,有罪似地)

反义词:innocent(adj.清白的,无罪的)innocence(n.清白)

tolerantadj.宽容的Tolerantly(adv.)

--Atolerantpersonmustbeeasygoing.一个宽容的人一定是很好相处的。

Tolerance(n.宽容,忍受,容忍)Tolerate(vt.忍受,容忍)

Tolerable(adj.可忍受的)hardship(n.困苦,艰难,辛苦)

--Thehardshipistolerable.这种困苦还是可以忍受的。

declarev.申报

hardenedadj.有经验的(侧重于老练的)

--ahardenedplayer/ahardenedthief

experiencedadj.富有经验的(侧重于有经验的)

--anexperiencedteacher

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

54

professionaladj.职业的,专业的

--aprofessionalplayer一个职业的选手

smugglern.走私者

officiousadj.爱管闲事的/Officiousness(n.)

--Alotofoldladiesareofficious.

Officiousadj.多管闲事的,非官方的,非正式的,专横的

--civil(adj.全民的,市民的,公民的,国民的)

--rvant(n.仆人)

--civilrvantn.文职人员,公务员,公仆,(联合国等机构的行政人员)

--officiouscivilrvant爱管闲事的的公务员

--anofficiouspoliceofficer专横的的警官

Officiously(adv.多管闲事的,非正式的,非官方的)

officialadj.官方的,官员的,正式的

--Anofficialinquirywillbemadeintothismatter.(inquiryn.质询,调查)

此事将进行一次官方调查。

Confidentlyadv.自信地(=withconfidence充满信心的)

--Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.

Confident(adj.自信的,确信的)

Confidence(n.信心)

--haveconfidence有信心/gainconfidence获得信心

inconfidence(悄悄的,秘密的)=cretly

takesbintoone'sconfidence以某人为心腹

--Thebosstakeshiscretaryintohisconfidence.

dreadfuladj.可怕的,一团糟的(=frightfuladj.糟糕的,讨厌的)

dreadful(侧重于可怕的,乱七八糟的)

--Theroomisdreadful/afrightfulday

fearful(表示胆怯的,恐惧的)

--shefeltfearfulparticularlywhenshewentoutatnight.(adv.独特地,显著地)

pouncev.猛抓,扑住

perfumen.香水(人造的)

fragrance(抽象名词)n.芬芳,芳香,香气,香味

sarcasticallyadv.讽刺地

exemptadj.被免除的

dutyn.税

--CustomsDuty关税/dutyfree免税的

--StampDuty印花税(stampn.邮票,印花,图章,标志)

同义词:taxn.税,税款,税金

--incometax所得税

geln.凝胶

mixturen.混合物

mix(v.使混和,混淆,混合)--mixsthWith

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

55

--Oildoesnotmixwithwater.油不能和水融合在一起

unscrewv.拧开

nostriln.鼻孔

chalkn.粉笔

baggagen.行李

同义词:luggage(n.行李,皮箱)

troublevt.(使)烦恼,麻烦,打扰

.(hid,hidden,hiding)隐藏

ehint.(表示惊奇、疑问等)啊,嗯

particular(adj.特殊的,特别的,独特的)

particularly(adv.异常地,显著地,特别地,格外,尤其)

importn.进口,进口货(常用复数),输入

encouraging(adj.鼓励的)encouragingly(adv.鼓励的)

greetvt.问候,向...致意,映入眼帘

convincevt.使确信,使信服

Text课文

WhatwastheCustomsOfficerlookingfor?

CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthedays,buttheycanstillstopyouwhenyouare

goingthroughtheGreenChannelandhavenothingtodeclare.

theGreenChannel=theCustomOffice

我们在运用形容词、动词时,往往需要用副词来强调。

Really(表示“真正的”)

--areallyofficiousperson

particularly(强调“特别,尤其是”)

absolutely(强调“绝对的”)

completely=entirely=fully=thoroughly(强调“完全的,彻底的”)

extremely(强调“特别,特别是”)

fairlyadv.相当地,还算(语气一般)

--afairlygookbook.一本还算可以的书。

very(语气程度强烈“非常”)

--averygoodbook.一本非常好的书。

rather语意程度接近fairly,注意不冠词的位置。

--afairlygoodbook.

--arathergoodbook=ratheragoodbook(更常用)

quiteright/quitwrong/quitemistaken/quitesure

evenreallyhonestpeople...

aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustomsofficer...

Evenreallyhonestpeopleareoftenmadetofeelguilty.

aremadetofeelguilty

make,have,let及感官性动词e,hear,notice,feel用于主动语态,符合宾语不定式的符号

to

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

56

应省略。但这种结构改成被动式时,不定式符号to必须还原。

--Weheardsomeonecomeupthestairs.

--Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.

Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherhand,isnevertroubledbysuchfeelings,

evenifhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitca.

evenifhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitca.

=Evenif/thoughhehasfivehundredgoldenwatchesthatarehiddeninhissuitca.

hiddeninhissuitca(过去分词短语作定语,修饰watches)

Ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand…。

--Ontheonehandwecouldstayandhelpyou,butontheotherhanditmightbebetterifyou

wenttohelphiminstead.

WhenIreturnedformabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustomsOfficer

clearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?'heasked,lookingmeintheeye.

lookingmeintheeye两眼直盯盯的注视着我

=looksbintheface=staresbintheeyes=lookdirectlyatsb

--Notoneofthemendaredlookhimintheeye.没有人敢正眼看他。

'No',Iansweredconfidently.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaplea?''Notatall,'Ianswered.

Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitca,plea?

注意:mind后面的动名词形式

TheOfficerwentthroughthecawithgreatcare.

TheOfficerwentthroughthecawithgreatcare.

=TheOfficerexaminedthecacarefully

withgreatcare强调相当的仔细

AllthethingIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.

inamess乱作一团

介词in和名词搭配,表示一种状态

--ingoodorder秩序井然/--ingoodhealth身体健康

--inagoodmood心情好/--inagoodtemper脾气好

IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclothecaagain.

Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.

lightup喜气洋洋,容光焕发

--Marsha’sfacelitupwhenshesawheroldfriend.

--Hisfacelightedupatthesmalltriumph.(n.胜利,成功)

--Tomreallylightedupwhenhesawthenewbicycle.

Light的过去式与过去分词即可以是lit,也可以是lighted.

--但是如果运用过去分词作定语,表示被点燃的,要用lighted。

--alightedcigar一支被点燃的雪茄

--alightedstick点燃的火炬

Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaandhepouncedonitwithdelight.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

57

withdelight欣喜若狂地(with和抽象名词搭配,表示内心充满了一种感情)

--withconfidence自信地/--withcare细心地

--withpride骄傲地/--withdelight欣喜若狂地

pounceon向...猛扑过去,对...大做文章

--Thepolicemanpouncedonthethief.警察向小偷猛扑过去。

--Don'tpounceonmymistake.不要对我的错误大做文章。

'Perfume,eh?'heaskedsarcastically.'eisnotexempt

fromimportduty.'

shouldhave和过去分词搭配(表示本应该做某事却没有做,具有谴责性的味道)

--Youshouldhavearrivedherefiveminutearlier.

--Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutit.

shouldn'thavedone本不应该做某事

exemptv.免除adj.被免除的(beexemptfrom)

--eisnotexemptfromimportdutyeither.

'Butitisn'tperfume,'Isaid.'It'shairgel.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,'It'sastrangemixture

Imakemylf.'

AsIexpected,hedidnotbelieveme.

As:关系代词(引导非限制性定语从句,它所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义)

--Asweknow,theearthisround.众所周知,地球是圆的。

--AsImentioned正如我所提及的

--AsIsoonlearned,hewasEnglishhimlf.正如我很快得知的,他也是英国人。

关系代词as和which的区别:

as所引导的非限制性定语从句,可用在主句之前。

which引导的非限制性定语从句,只能用在主句之后。

'Tryit!'Isaidencouragingly.

Encouragingly副词形式

Theofficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.

HewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmellwhichconvincedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.

Greet

1>vt.问候,向...致意

2>vt.觉察到,呈现在...眼前,在_______...耳边

--Iwokeupandwasgreetedbyabird'ssong.当我醒来时,耳边是鸟鸣声。

--Insidetheroomadreadfulmessgreetedus.当我进入房间,眼前是一堆乱七八糟的东西。

--Whenhewentintothekitchen,asmellgreetedhim.

Afewminuteslater,Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalkmarksonmybaggage.

Preciousadj.宝贵的,贵重的

Specialdifficulties难点

Canadan.加拿大

Canadianadj.加拿大的n.加拿大人

Expectationn.期待,预料

Francen.法国,法兰西

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

58

Frenchn.法国人,法语adj.法国的,法国人的,法语的

Germanyn.德国

Germann.德国人,德语adj.德国的,德国人的,德语的

Danishn.丹麦语adj.丹麦的

Denmarkn.丹麦(北欧国家,首都哥本哈根)

Copenhagenn.哥本哈根

Tivolin.提沃利(意大利中部一城市)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

tial(adj.潜在的,可能的)

提问名词回答idea(n.想法,念头)

le(n.走私,偷带v.走私)

imintheeyes/face=lookdirectlyathim

youkindlydosthplea?(一种有礼貌的请求)

d=gfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.

-going(adj.好相处的,随和的)

tolerable(adj.可容忍的能忍耐的)placid(adj.平静的)negligent(adj.疏忽的,粗心大意的)

10Afeelashamedof…为…感到羞愧unashamed(adj.不害羞的,不知耻的)

guiltless(adj.无罪的,无辜的)

11.D

incomprehensible(=unabletobeunderstood)adj.不能理解的

technical(adj.专业性的,技术的,技术上的)

--Thearticleisfullofincomprehensibletechnicalexpressions.

Incredible(=unbelievable)adj.难以置信的,不可思议的

--ulous(adj.怀疑的,不轻信的)

--cal(unwillingtobelieve)adj.好怀疑的,怀疑的

e(n.行李,<军队的>行装)=luggage(n.行李,皮箱)

cament(n.门式窗)

equipment(n.装备,设备,器材,装置)

Lesson12Lifeonadertisland

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

dertisland荒岛

dertn.沙漠vt.背弃,遗弃

desrtn.甜点

unrealisticadj.不真实

paradin.天堂,乐士

--AlotofpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadi.

Heavenn.天堂,天国(也指死亡--gotoheaven)

wretchedadj.可怜的,艰苦的

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

59

=mirableadj.痛苦的,悲惨的,可怜

--leadawretched/mirable/terrible/dog’slife.过着悲惨的生活。

starvev.挨饿(--starvetodeath饿死)

--Duringthewar,alargeofpeoplestarvedtodeath.

--hungrytodeath我饿得要死(即:我非常饿)

elementn.成分

opportunityn.机会

goldenopportunity绝好的机会

--Don’tmissanygoldenopportunities.

--opportunityknocksonlyonce千载难逢的机会

chance表机会时可以与opportunity互换(后面+ofdoing,或todo)

--IhadthechanceofvisitingParis.=IhadtheopportunityofvisitingParis.

--Hehadnoopportunitytoeher.

chance表可能性时(=possibility),则不可opportunity互换。

--ThereisachancethatIwillehim.我有可能见到她。

--Thechancesarethathewillbeelectedthepresident.他有可能当选总统。

--Thechancesarethathewillpasshixaminationnextweek.

coraln.珊瑚

VirginIslands维尔京群岛

Miamin.迈阿密(美国最南的城市)

Dinghyn.救生筏,小船

Caribbeann.加勒比海

speargun捕鱼枪

lobstern.龙虾

第60页

更多资料下载请登录

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

tankern.油轮

genuinelyadv.由衷地

--Heisgenuinelythankfultome.他由衷地地感谢我。

Genuineadj.真实的,真正的,诚恳的

Genuineness(n.)

RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨孙.克鲁索(小说《鲁滨孙漂流记》主人公)

Exceptionaladj.例外的,异常的

Ripeadj.熟的,成熟的

Fruitn.水果,果实,果类,成果

Oppositeadj.相对的,相反的,对等的n.相反的事物

Sinkvi.沉下,(使)下沉

Provevt.证明,证实

Spearn.矛,枪

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

60

Text课文

Whatwaxceptionalaboutthetwomen'sstayonthedertisland?

Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadertisland.

formanunrealisticpictureofsth对…抱有不切实际的幻想

--Alargenumberofpeoplehaveformedanunrealisticpictureofthejob.

Form(v.形成,构成)=develop(vt.逐渐形成)

--developahabit=formahabit养成一种习惯

Wesometimesimagineadertislandtobeasortofparadiwherethesunalwaysshines.

imaginesthtobe=imaginesthas

--Somepeopleimagineflyingtobemoredangerousthantravelingbytrain.

--AlargenumberpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadi.

uitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.

Youneverhavetowork=youneedn’twork=youdon’tneedtowork

adertislandiswretched.

quitetheopposite恰恰相反/quitedifferent

YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,Waitingforaboatwhichnever

comes.

EitheryouorIamgoingtotheparty.(谓语动词和最接近的主语保持一致)

Eithercomeinorgoout,don’tstandonthedoorway.(门口,门道)

Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththepictures,butfewushavehadthe

opportunitytofindout.

anelementoftruth=abitoftruth

Optimistic(adj.乐观的)Pessimistic(adj.悲观的,消极的)

Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.

谓语动词wish之后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气

1>如果表达与现在情况相反,that从句中的动词要用过去时(be动词要用were)。

--Iwishyoucoulddriveacar.=Iamsorryyoucan’tdriveacar.

所表达的意思是:你要是能开车就好了。(表达一种遗憾的心情)

2>如果表达与过去情况相反,that从句中的动词要用过去完成时。

--IwishIhadn'tspentsomuchmoney.=IamsorryIspendsomuchmoney.

--Iwishthatyouhadwrittentohim.=Iamsorryyoudidn’twritetohim.

3>如果表达与将来事实相反的情况或将来不可能实现的心愿,that从句中要使用would,

could等情态动词的过去时形式。

--IwishthatIcouldgoabroadtomorrow.

--Iwishthatyoucouldcomeheretomorrow.

4>ifonly要比wish更富有戏剧性和感情色彩

--Ifonlytheweatherwouldchange.=Iwishtheweatherwouldchange.

要是天气转晴该有多好啊!

--Wewishthatweknewwheretolookforhim.=Ifonlyweknewwheretolookforhim.

要是我们知道到哪去找他该有多好啊!

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

61

--Ifonlywecouldhavegonetotheparty.要是我们昨天能参加那个聚会该有多好啊!

--Ifonlyyouhadn'tsaidthat.你要是不说那句话多好啊!

--Ifonlyyouwouldcomeheretomorrow.你明天要是能来该有多好啊!

TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveit

repaired

Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.

haveitrepaired(havesthdone)

Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcansofbeerandrowed

forafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.

load…withsth把某物装载到…上

--Theworkersareloadingthetruckwithgoods.

Unload(vi.卸货,退子弹vt.倾销,卸)

Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,butthisdidnotproveto

beaproblem.

hardlyany=verylittle/few(hardlyadv.刚刚,几乎不)

--Hardlyanybodylikeshimbecauheissorude.几乎没人喜欢他,因为他非常粗鲁。

--Youhardlyeatanything,what'swrong?你几乎什么都没吃,怎么了?

provetobe=turnouttobe

Themencollectedrainwaterintherubberdinghy.

Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.

Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,and,asoneofthemputit'atelikekings'.

Put=express

Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythat

theyhadtoleave.

Bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.

=Ifonlywecouldhavestayedonthedertislandalittlebitlonger.

Specialdifficulties难点

wish,ifonly

1>hadboughtit(显然说明的是过去的情况)

--sillyadj.愚蠢的,无聊的

2>couldn't/wouldn'tmakesuchnoi.

3>werehere(强调:他在这儿,该有多好)

说明与现在情况相反的概念,无论什么人称,be动词应该使用were.

4>couldplaythepianoaswell...

5>hadstudiedhardthen.

6>hadn'tmentionedittohim.

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...C要么是过度乐观,要么是过度的悲观

unrealadj.不真实的,虚幻的prentvt.介绍,赠送,呈现

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

62

wretchednessn.可怜,悲惨idlenessn.闲散,懒惰,赋闲无事

undulyadv.不适当地,过度地,不正当地

optimisticadj.乐观的pessimisticadj.悲观的,厌世的

2...Desntial(adj.必需的,基本的)=verynecessaryequipmentn.装备,设备

3...Afendforonelf独立的照料某人

4...Bthinkofsb/sthas…把某人、某事看作为...

5...Dfewofus我们当中没有几个人

6...Cafter(介词)其后要和名词、动名词搭配

--after(连词)引导时间状语从句,表示动作在前。(A答案变为theyhadrowed就对了)

7...BRefrigeratorsareuful.=Arefrigeratorisuful.

Scarceadj.缺乏的,不足的,稀有的,不充足的

8...C为做过的事情后悔:regret+doingbesorrythat是否可以表示后悔去做某事?

9...B

inhabited(adj.有人居住的)uninhabited(adj.无人居住的)

unpopularadj.不流行的,不受欢迎的

barrenadj.不生育的,不孕的,贫瘠的n.荒地

10...D完全不同的entirelydifferent

naturallyadv.自然地,天然地

11...D

觉得、发现某人或某事怎么样:findsb/sthtobe

--Theyfoundthetriptobeveryexciting.某人或某事被发现怎么样,常用被动语态。

--Thecarisfoundtobebeautiful.

Demonstratev.论证,表明,举行,示威

12...Aputit=express

Lesson13"It'sonlyme'“是我,别害怕”

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Costumen.化装服

--costumeball化妆舞会/costumeparty

--fancy(dress)party化妆舞会

suit(n.西装,西服)dress(n.裙子)

consistv.由…组成

1>consistof...由...组成(表示被动概念)

2>bemadeupof…由...组成

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

63

3>compriv.包含,由...组成(整体由部分所构成)

--Ourclassconsistsof100students.

=Ourclassismadeupofmorethan100students.

--rthernIreland.

=rthernIreland.

--Thehouconsistsofsixrooms.

4>becompodof…由...组成(强调有什么成分所组成)

--Wateriscompodofoxygenandhydrogen.(compov.组成,写作)

--oxygen(n.氧,氧气)hydrogen(n.氢)

5>constitutevt.组成,构成(部分构成整体)

--rthernIrelandconstituteTheUnitedKingdom.(Irelandn.爱尔兰)

--Thecommitteeconsistsof10members.(committeen.委员会)

=Tenmembersconstitutethecommittee.

Sheetn.被单

Effectiveadj.有明显效果的,有作用的

--Thecostumeisquiteeffective.

--Hiswordswaffective.

Influentialadj.有影响的,有势力的(有潜移默化影响力的)

--Whatourparentsdoisinfluentialtochildren.

Efficaciousadj.(医药)有效的,灵验的

--Thedrugifficacious

Fruitfuladj.有成效的,产生结果的

--Theirexperimentisfruitful.

Comfortableadj.舒适的(反义词:uncomfortable)

Comfort(n.舒适v.安慰)

Discomfort(n.不舒适vt.使不舒适,使不便)

--Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.

Storeroomn.储藏室

Electricityn.电

Metren.电表(ammetern.电表)

Pacen.一步

Fleev.(fled,fled)逃走

.(总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的禁地

Panic(n.惊慌,恐慌)bull(n.公牛)

--Thepeoplefledinpanicwhenthebullgotloo.当牛挣脱绳子时人们惊慌的四散而逃。

Escape(vi.逃出监狱,逃出牢笼vt.逃掉,逃出)

--Hewasabletoescapefromthehou.

--Iamsorryyournameescapedme.很抱歉,我忘记你的名字了。

--Theytriedtoescapedeath.

Slamv.砰地关上(同义词:bangv.发巨响,重击)

--slamthedoor砰地关上门

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

64

--Helefttheroomslam/bangthedoorbehindhim.他离开了房间在身后砰地把门关上。

Stairn.楼梯,阶梯

Fancyn.幻想,爱好,迷恋,想象力adj.奇特的,异样的

Dinevi.吃饭,进餐Diningn.吃饭,进餐

Bakern.面包师

.(hid,hidden,hiding)隐藏

Halln.走廊,门厅

Boardn.(政府机关或商业)部门

Text课文

Whatdidthemanexpecttofindunderthestairs?

Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,dsntherchildrentoschoolandwent

upstairstoherbedroom.

Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoing

toafancy-dresspartwithherhusband.

fancy-dressparty=costumeparty

1>too...to…太...而不能…(不定式to在大部分情况下表示否定概念)

2>not/nevertoo...to…并不太...所以能够…

--Oneisnevertoooldtolearn活到老,学到老。

--Thequestionisnottoodifficultformetoanswer.这个问题并不太难,所以我能够答得出。

3>如果在副词too前发现修饰语all,but,only,不定式to的概念也是肯定的。

--Theyarealltoosatisfiedtoworkwithyou.

--Iamonlytoogladtohavesomeonetospeakto.我太高兴了,想找个人说话。

--Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.

Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,she

wasimpatienttotryiton.

intendedto打算做什么=meantodo意图做什么

dressupas…化妆成为…

thenightbefore前一个晚上(以过去的某一个时间为基准点)

lastnight昨天晚上(以现在为基准点)

--ShewenttoNewYorkonbusinessthreedaysago,thenightbeforeshegoteverythingready.

beimpatienttodosth急于要做某事,迫不及待做某事

impatient可以换为eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,desperate,can'twait(口语)

desperate(adj.不顾一切的,拚死的)

--shewasimpatienttotryiton.(tryon试穿)

Thoughthecostumeconsistedonlyofasheet,itwasveryeffective.

Afterputtingiton,dswentdownstairs.

Afterputtingiton穿上以后

Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.

=Itwouldbecomfortable(forher)towear

动词不定式towear,用来修饰说明comfortable,作它的状语。

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

65

--Itiasyformetoread.

--Thebookisdifficulttoread.

--Thedressiasytowash.

--Yourhandwritingiasytorecognize.

主动形式表达被动概念:

1>Themusicissweettohear.

2>Themachineneedsrepairing.(用need,want和动名词形式直接搭配)

3>Thedictionaryisworthbuying.

--Thebookisworthreading.

4>Thehouisunderconstruction.(介词under表达被动的意味)

--Thepumaisundercontrol.

--Theproblemisunderdiscussion.(n.讨论)

--Thethiefisunderarrest.(n.逮捕,拘留)

5>Theairportcameintouagain.(cameinto不及物动词短语)

--Ourtimehasalreadygonetowaste.(gotowaste浪费掉,付诸东流)

6>able形容词后缀,跟在动词后表达"能够被...的"

--Sheisarespectableperson.(respectableadj.可敬的,值得被尊敬的)

--Thisisareturnablebottle.这是一个能被退回的瓶子。(returnableadj.可被退回的)

7>consistof,compri本身表达被动概念,结构形式为主动

dswanteringthedinningroom,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.

Sheknewthatitmustbethebaker.

Shehadtoldhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoorandtoleavethe

breadonthekitchentable.

straightadv.直接地,径直地

ifeven(ever用于条件句。表示任何时候,任何场合)=whenever

--IfeveryoueGeorgegivehimmybestregards.(n.问候)

--WheneverheisintroubleI'llbeonthespot.

Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,dsquicklyhidinthesmallstoreroom

underthestairs.

Notwanting(分词的否定结构形式,做原因状语。)

多用于句首,也可插入句中,主谓之间。

Notwantingtomakehernervous,thedoctordidn'tfullyexplaintheriousnessofcondition.

=Thedoctor,notwantingtomakehernervous,didn'tfullyexplaintheriousnessofher

condition.

lythedoorofthe

storeroomwasopenedandamanentered.

dsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometo

readthemetre.

readthemetre查电表

Shetriedtoexplainthesituation,saying'It'sonlyme',butitwastoolate.

saying(现在分词做伴随状语)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

66

Themanletoutcryandjumpedbackveralpaces.

letoutacry大叫了一声(=utteracry/giveacry)

uttervt.发出,做声,发表,发射

jumpbackveralpaces后退了好几步

dswalkedtowardshim,hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.

Slamming(现在分词作方式状语或伴随状语,说明fled的情况)

Specialdifficulties难点

形容词+动词不定式:

--Hewasdelightedtolearnthat...

--Iwasgladtohearthat...

--Hewasanxioustoleave...

1>感情形容词后的不定式通常是表示原因,在句中做原因状语。

happy,relieved,astonished,amazed,surprid,horrified,disappointed,sad,embarrasd,shocked

relieved(adj.放心的)horrified(adj.惊骇的)

--rightenedtoethesnake.

--IwassorrywhenIlearntthathehadhadaaccident.

Iwassorrytolearnthathehadhadaaccident.

2>不定式也可以放在表语之后,主语是不定式的实际宾语。

--Thecarishardtopark.

--d(adj.尴尬的,不方便的)

3>在少数几个动词后,不定式可用作结果。

learn,find,e,hear,betold

--Helivedtoehisinventionscometosuccess.他活着看见他的发明成功了。

--Hewokeuptofindeveryonegone.他醒来发现大家都走了。

--Hewenttohishouonlytofindhimout.

4>在不定式前加only,表示意想不到的,出乎意料的结果。

--Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasshut(clod)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

ntedtoknowwhetherthatcostumewascomfortabletowear.

bin使某人信以为真,让某人上当disguin.伪装v.假装,伪装,掩饰

3.C4...Cand前后连接时态要呼应,表示并列关系。

5...Bhow修饰限定形容词Atthatmoment,shehadn'tputonthecostume.

6...Banxious形容词短语做原因状语

动词不定式的否定形式是在动词不定式符号之前直接加否定词not,never

7...B强调过去的一个动作

8...Cesbdosth看见某人做某事(做宾语补足语时,不定式符号to被省略)

9...Aattheverymoment就在此刻aslongas/solongas用来引导条件句,表示只要

--Youcangooutaslongasyoupromitobebackbefore11o'clock.

Onlywhen...只有当…(引导时间状语从句)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

67

10...D

miss+动名词:表示错过做什么事情

--Idon'twanttomisseingthatfilmontelevisiontonight.

forgottodosth表示忘记去做某事

--Yesterday,Iforgottolockthedoor.

succeedindoingsth表示成功做了某事if…happento...表示某事偶然发生

brownn.褐_______色adj.褐色的,棕色的loafn.一条面包brownloaf黑面包

--Ifyouhappentopassthebaker's,pickmeupabrownloaf,wouldyou?

--Ifyouhappentofinishtheworkearlygivemearing.

11...A

reading表示仪表或者仪器上的指数、读数

--Whatarethetemperaturereadingsfortheweek?

--takeametre-reading读电表上的数字

measurement测量尺寸、大小调节稳定

--What'syourwaistmeasurement?你的腰围是多少?

Regulationn.调节(regulationofbodyheat体温调节)

Heatn.热,热度

12...B

letout发出(=give)shoutvt.高呼,高喊(有喊叫的对象)

--shouttosb对某人高声喊

--shoutatsb对某人大喊大叫

--Don'tshoutattheelders.

Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Gangstern.歹徒,强盗

--abandofgangsters一伙强盗

robbern.抢劫犯,抢劫者

banditn.强盗,土匪

brigandn.强盗,土匪,盗贼,草寇(书面用语)

hooligann.流氓,不良分子

hoodlumn.罪犯,恶汉(口语)

rascaln.淘气,捣蛋鬼(口语)

handn.帮,团伙

--abandofrobbers一伙强盗

mobn.一群(表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派)

--amobofhooligans一伙流氓

gangn.一伙(--agangofthieves)

nestn.窝(--anestofbandits)

packn.团伙、帮派(--apackofhoodlums)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

68

Chicagon.芝加哥(美国城市)

Protectionn.保护(--protectionmoney保护费)

protectvt.保护(protect…from…)

--Wemustprotectoureyesfromthesunshine.

Protector(n.保护者)Protective(adj.保护的)

Protegen.被保护者

Promptlyadv.准时地

--Igivehimaringandhecallmebackpromptly.

--Hewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.

ontime准时/intime及时

punctual(adj.严守时刻的,准时的)punctuallyadv.守时地

destroyv.毁掉;消灭

destroyn.强调毁灭,消灭,完全的摧毁

--Theearthquakedestroyedthecity./Youdestroyedhisdream.

Damagen.v.强调受损程度不很严重,可以被修复

--Thebigclockwasdamaged.

Breakv.n.强调弄坏,弄断

--Twoofthestringswerebroken.

spoilv.强调把事情搅和了

--spoiltheparty/spoiltheholiday

remarkableadj.不寻常的(同意词:unusual,uncommon,extraordinary)

--aremarkableevent,anextraordinaryevent不同寻常的事件

outstanding(adj.突出的,杰出的,卓越的)

--Ourheadmasterisanoutstandingyouth.(n.年轻人,青少年)

Distinguished(adj.杰出的,卓越的,不同非凡的)

Eminent(adj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的)

Distinguished和eminent是同义词(都是用来修饰严肃领域的人)

--adistinguishedphysicist(n.物理学家),aneminentsurgeon(n.外科医生)

--aneminentjudge(n.法官),adistinguishedlawyer(n.律师)

well-knownadj.众所周知的(强调众所周知的)

--Sheiswell-knowninthemusicalworld./Thisiswell-knownfact.

famousadj.著名的(因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的)

--Heisafamousmoviestar./Luxunisfamousforhisarticles.

Notoriousadj.臭明昭著的,臭名远扬的(=befamousforbadthings)

--Hitlerisnotorious.(Hitlern.希特勒)

infamousadj.身名狼藉的(=Notorious)

renownedadj.某人或某事以其独特的品质、个性而闻名

--Hangzhouisrenownedforitsbeautifulscenery.(n.风景,景色)

Florencen.佛罗伦萨(意大利城市)

city-staten.(古代)城邦

hirev.租出,雇给

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

69

hireout出租

--Doesthisfirmhireoutcars?

Rentv.租,租借,出租n.租金

rentout租给,雇给(主要强调出租房屋)

--Herentouthishoutoatourist.

Let出租(lethishou出租房屋)

--Plealetyourhoutome.请把房屋租给我吧?

hirefrom,rentfrom租进来

--Hehiredacarfromus./n.

hire指短期雇佣体力劳动者

--Hehiredtwohelpers

employ指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者

--Weemployedherasouradvisor.(n.顾问)

--Thefactoryemployed500workers.

Princen.君主,诸候n.王子

Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人

Funeraln.葬礼

Dedicatev.奉献,题献给(dedicateto)

dedicatesthtosb

--Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother

dedicate献身,奉献(比devote更为正式而庄重)

dedicate…tosth

--Idevotemytimetohelpingmystudents.

--Hededicateshislifetohismotherland.

--Hededicatedhislifetoscience.

Memoryn.纪念

Memoryn.记忆,记忆力,存储器,内存

--Youhaveagoodmemory.

--Ifmymemoryrvesmewell,you'reTom.如果我没有记错的话。

inmemoryof…=tothememoryof…为了纪念…

--inmemoryofhim=tothememoryofhim为了纪念他

insb’shonor=inhonorofsb为纪念某人,为庆祝某人

--weheldapartyinhishonor.=weheldapartyinhonorofhim.

Valiantadj.英勇的(强调非常勇敢)

--Duringwar,soldiersarevaliant.

Braveadj.勇敢的

--Theboyisbrave.

Fearlessadj.大无畏的,无所畏惧的

--Wearefearlessintimeofdanger.

courageousadj.有胆量的,有勇气的

nobleadj.高尚的,贵族的,高贵的n.贵族

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

70

obtainvt.获得,得到

crimen.犯罪,犯罪行为,罪行

ttlevt.安放,使定居vi.安家,定居

demandv.要求,需要n.要求,需求(量),需要

marchvi.进军,前进

Italiann.意大利人,意大利语adj.意大利的,意大利语的,意大利文化的

Offervt.,vi.提供,提出

Notableadj.著名的,显著的,值得注意的

Signorn.阁下,君

Text课文

HowdidHaywoodmakeintimesofpeace?

TherewasatinewhentheownersofshopsandbusinessinChicagothattopaylargesums

ofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'protection.'

paylargesumsofmoneytosb向某人付大笔大笔的费用

inreturnfor…目的是为了换取…,作为对…的回报

--Hegavemesomebooksinreturnformyhelp.

when引导状语从句修饰time

--Therewasatimewhenminiskirtwasinfashion.(Minin.迷你型,袖珍型)

Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusiness

bydestroyinghisshop.

Promptly=immediately

putamanoutofbusiness使某人失业

putsb/sthoutof...使某人失去…

--Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.你使我失去耐心了。

--Youhavealreadyputeverythingoutoforder.

--Putitoutofyourmind.忘记这件事情吧。

bydestroyinghisshop通过…手段

--Youareputtingmeoutofpatiencebydisturbingme.

Obtaining'protectionmoney'isnotamoderncrime.

Obtaining=getting

Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madethe

remarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlife

workdestroyedbygangsters.

aslongagoas追溯回到(=datingbackto=datefrom)

--IknewJaneaslongagoastheyear1980.

maketheremarkablediscovery做出不同寻常的发现

wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿…而不…

--Hewouldratherdiethansurrender.(vi.投降,自首)

--Iwouldratherplaytennisthanswim.

wouldprefertodo...thando...

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

71

wouldpreferdoing...todoing...

--Hewouldprefertodiethansurrender.

--Hewouldpreferdyingtosurrendering.

wouldrather(sooner)+that宾语从句(过去式)--虚拟语气

--Iwouldratherthatyouwerenothere.我宁愿你不在这。(暗含:实际你在这)

--IwouldratherthatIdidn'teyou.

--Hewouldratherthathedidn'thearthenews.

lifework毕生的事业/havesthdone

Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohanHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersand

ttlednearFlorence.

ttlednearFlorence定居在Florence附近

HesoonmadeanameforhimlfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.

madeanameforhimlf=becomefamous

--Theysoonmadequiteanameforthemlvesaspopsingers.

cometo=getto渐渐的

cometobeknown渐渐被人所熟知

--Icometobeknowntomystudents.

--Igottoknowhim.

WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodudtohirehis

soldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.

Whenever无论什么时候

atwar交战/atwarwith…于…交战

hire表示出租

who指代prince

hedemanded=Hawkwooddemanded

Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoa

city-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoney

waspaidtothem.

intimeofpeace在和平期间

marchinto大踏步行军

burndown烧毁/burnup烧光/burnout烧空

--Thehouwasburnedoutonlywallsleft.房子被了只剩下墙壁。

wouldoffertogoaway=wouldpromitogoaway

eofthis,theItaliansregarded

himasasortofhero.

inspiteofthis尽管如此

Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentopinions.

TheItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.

Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhada

picturedwhichwasdedicatedtothememoryof'themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotable

leader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue.'

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

72

givesbastatefuneral给某人举行国葬

havesthdone

Signorn.先生(意大利语)

which指代picture

bededicatedtothememoryofsb

themostvaliant比较级的最高级形式

Specialdifficulties难点

wouldrather/wouldsooner

wouldratherdo…thando…

wouldratherthat…(that宾语从句中要出现动词的过去时)

1...go

2...left(rather省略了that)

3...didnotspeak

4...notspeak(wouldratherdo…的否定形式结构:wouldrathernotdo…宁_______愿不做...)

5...ttled

6...didn'ttell

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1...B

premin.房产,房屋(及其附属建筑,地基等)

unharmedadj.未受伤害的,太太平平的

destructionn.破坏,毁灭

criminaln.罪犯,犯罪者adj.犯罪的,犯法的,罪恶的

2...B他获取自己的名字是依据自己的所作所为

practicen.实行,实践

sharpadj.苛刻的

recognitionn.承认,认可

3...Ainthat=becau"因为",表示一种原因

boldnessn.大胆,冒失,勇敢

braveryn.勇敢,大胆,无畏

cannothelp不得不,情不自禁

4...A段时间:foralongtime(现在完成式)

5...Cpreferdoing…todoing…

6...Bhiresthfromsb从某人租得某物

7...Aifnot(如果不)=unless

Provided…条件是...

8...C介词on和名词death相搭配(表示:去世的状态)

介词on和动名词搭配(表示:一...就...)

--Oneinghim,Iranaway.

9...Bpasd(动词的过去分词)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

73

departvi.离去,离开,出发

--Whendoesthenexttraindepart?下一次列车什么时候开?

10...D

preparedadj.心甘情愿的,准备好的(=willing)

--bewillingtodo=bepreparedtodo

agreeableadj.使人愉快的,惬意的,适合的,宜人的

desirableadj.值得要的,合意的,令人想要的(=attractiveadj.吸引人的)

Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Appreciatev.欣赏,感激

--Thepoemistoodifficultformetoappreciate.

--Iappreciateyourhelp.=bethankful/gratefultosb.

--thankful=grateful(adj.感激的,感谢的)

pocketmoney零用钱

--beermoney留给丈夫的零花钱

--madmoney女子留作应急之用的私房钱

--greenmoney美金(美圆是绿色的)

--soft/foldingmoney纸币,钞票(foldingadj.可折叠的)

--hardmoney硬币(hardadj.硬的,坚固的)

thriftyadj.节约的

economicaladj.节约的,经济的

frugaladj.节俭的,朴素的

nephewn.侄子,外甥

bouncev.弹起,跳起

--Thecoinwasbounced.

同义词:jump(v.跳跃),leap(v.跃),hop(单足跳),

spring(v.弹跳n.弹簧),skip(v.跳跃,略过)

pavementn.人行道

stick(stuck,stuck)v.卡住,夹住,不能再动

--Hisarmwasstuck.他的胳膊被卡住了。

Stickv.坚持,粘贴

--Youmuststicktoyouridea.你必需要坚持你的看法。

--Stickthestampontheenvelop.

stickwith…忠实于...(=befaithfulto对...忠实)--faithfuladj.守信的,忠实的

Brigaden.旅,(消防)队

firebrigade(消防队)=firedepartment=firestation

grean.润滑油

第75页

更多资料下载请登录

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

74

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

unclen.伯父,叔父,姨丈

auntn.姑妈,伯母,舅妈,阿姨

extraadj.额外的

pricen.代价,价格,价钱

drainn.排水沟

rollvt,vi卷;滚动,转动,打滚

sleeven.袖子,衣袖

rubv.擦,摩擦

freevt.使自由,释放

uptadj.心烦意乱的,不适的,不舒服的vt,vi打翻,弄翻,推翻;使烦乱

rewardvt.酬谢,酬劳,报答n.报酬,奖金

Text课文

DidGeorgegetanythingforhisfiftypence?What?

Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.

=Childrenalwaysappreciatepocketmoneyassmallgifts.孩子们总是喜欢得到些零花钱

--Husbandsalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofbeermoney.

Mumordad,ofcour,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandaunts

arealwaysasourceofextraincome.

providearegularsupplyof...定期地提供…

providesthforsb/providesbwithsth为某人提供某物

--Thevillagersprovidedaregularsupplyoffoodforthesoldiers.

=Thevillagersprovidedthesoldierswitharegularsupplyoffood

smallgiftsofmoney,pocketmoney,extraincome都表示零花钱。

作者在两段话里三处用了零花钱,是为了让读者能够抓住主题。

写作时要避免使用相同的词汇。

Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.

此句暗含:withotherchildren,smallsumscan’tgoalongway.

goalongway维持很久

--Themoneywehavewillgoalongway.

goalongwaytowards对...大有帮助

--Thiswillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulty.(overcomevt.战胜,克服)

介词with和for的区别:

For(介词):关于,对于...来说,考虑到...的事实

--TheweatherisquitewarmforNovember.

--Forhim,thiswillbeanentirelynewhobby.

With(介词):在某一方面(多用于二者的比较)

--Withsomepeople,pleasureismoreimportantthanwork.

--Somepeoplemayacceptthatexcu,butitwon'tworkwithme.

Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

75

Pence便士(penny,pennies都是pence的复数:)

afiftypence一个五十便士的硬币

fiftypennies五十一便士的硬币

exchangefor换取,以...来交换

--Thelittleboyexchangedhispenforcandy.(candyn.糖果,冰糖)

rattlevt.(拟声词)叮当作响=tinkle(vi,vt(使)发玎玲声,(使)发出玎当声)

roar呼啸(重点突出老虎、狮子等大动物的吼叫声)

--Thecarroarbyme./Listen,alionisroaring.

shoutat大喊大叫=barkat

gruntvi.(猪等)作呼噜声vt.咕哝着说出

--Heisgrunting.(adj.咕咙的,哼哼唧唧的)

slamv.砰地关上,砰地放下

Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.

fillup装满

1>up:表示方向

upto(表示到达目的地)--Sheranuptohim.她跑到他面前。

Towards(表示朝某个方向)--Sherantowardshim.她向他跑去。

2>表示沿着,走向更远的地方(侧重强调距离更远了)

--Theywalkedupthestreet.他们沿着街道走远了。

--Theychildrenrunupthegardenpathtogreettheirfather.

3>系动词+up(表示消费、摧毁、彻底、光、用完)

--Drinkupyourwhisky./Eatupyourvegetable.

--Finishitup.完成它/burnup烧光/uup用光

4>表示积存,从少到多,积小成多

--Wemustlayupsomeboiledfoodforthewinter.

Layup贮存=storeup储藏,holdup,gatherup收集起

5>表示从河的下游到上游,河流入口处以上到源头的某一点

--TheyaresailinguptheThames.他们正沿着泰晤士河而上。

--Thehouisuptheriver.这个房子在河的上游。

6>动词+up(表示包起来、封住、盖住)

--buttonup扣上纽扣(--buttonyourcoatup把外衣的纽扣扣上)

--wrapup包裹起来(wrapuptheshoeswithnewspaper用报纸把鞋子包起来)

--lockup锁起来(lockthehouup用锁把房子锁起来)

--fastenup拴紧,钉牢,锁牢/saveup储蓄,贮存

--washup洗涤餐具,洗手洗脸,把…冲上岸/doup重新整修,包好

Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.

fiftypenceissmallpricetopay=fiftypenceisnotmuchtopay

asmallprice=notmuchmoney并不是很多

--Forhimtwothousanddollarsissmallpricetopayforit.

--FormefivehundredYuanisnotasmallpricetopayforabicycle.

Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaympty.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

76

VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirway

there.

poundcoinn.1英镑硬币

findtheirwaythere=reach抵达,到达,找到自己的去处

findone’swayinto/to…

--Riversfindtheirwaytothea.

--Howdidsuchafoolishstatementfinditswayintoprint?这样愚蠢的话怎么会被印出来了?

--Allmybookshavealreadyfoundtheirwaythere.

Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvidhimtosaveit.

advisbtodosth说服某人做某事(结果是失败的)

persuadesbtodosth说服某人做某事(结果是成功的)

Insteadheboughthimlffiftypenceworthoftrouble.

instead(adv.代替)相反的是…

fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦

Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavement

andthendisappeareddownadrain.

Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedisrightarmthroughthedrain

cover.

系列的动词构成平行结构:takeoff,rolledup,push

rollvi.滚动vt.滚动

--Thepencilrolled(vi.)underthetable.

--Herolled(vt.)theballtowardsthepuppy.(puppyn.(常指未满一岁的)小狗,小动物)

rollup卷起,挽起

--Wewillneedtorollupthecarpet.

Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnogethisarm

out.

what引导的插入语

Whatismoreimportant.更重要的是/Whatiswor.更糟糕的是

Whatismore.更有甚者/Whatisrare.更罕见的是

--Hewenttothemeeting,andwhatiswor,insistedonspeaking.

--Heisaninterestingspeaker,andwhatismoreimportant,heknowshissubjectthoroughly.

他是一个有风趣的演说者,更重要的是他对他的话题了如指掌

Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,but

Georgewasfirmlystuck.

gatherround…聚在…周围

rubbedhisarmwith…用...涂抹在胳膊上

firmlyadv.稳固的,坚定的(加强语气)

ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefighterfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrea.

Using…现在分词做状语(强调一种方式)

firefightern.救火队员

Georgewasnottoouptbyhixperiencebecautheladywhoownsthesweetshopheard

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

77

abouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithlargeboxofchocolates.

Rewardedsbwith…用...来奖赏某人

Specialdifficulties难点

/(steamboatn.汽船,轮船)

ed///d

(v.上发条,绕,缠)

(shoelacen.鞋带)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

thdone/getsthoutof

y仅用于肯定句中,much用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句。

esbtodosthadvisbthat...

--that引导的宾语从句必须要出现should+动词原形(虚拟语气)

--IadvimystudentsthattheyshouldreadEnglishformorethananhour.

sth…when

如果句中的when表达的概念是:就在这时、恰恰这时、正当此时,那么其的主句结构往往

采用进行时态

er/nor:也不(用于句首句子必须倒装)

h.+prep.(--putthebookinthebookca/putthebookonthedesk)

le(adj.耐用的,持久的)

--durableclothing耐穿的衣服/durablegoods耐用品

10.C

tourn.旅行,旅游v.旅行

inturn轮流地(--Ithinkweshouldcleanourclassroominreturn.)

cyclen.周期,循环,自行车/circlen.圆圈,环状物

--drawacircle画一个圆圈/thecycleoftheasons四季的循环

tlyadv.严格地,确实地wellandtruly=completely

--Tomwaswellandtrulydrunk.汤姆烂醉如泥。

--drunkadj.喝醉了的(drink的过去分词)

bynomeans(无论如何)决不

=innoway(adv.决不)=onnoaccount(adv.决不)=innon(adv.决不)

t.移动,感动embarrassvt.使窘迫;使为难

--Theylookateachotherembarrasd.

Distressv.使悲痛,使穷困,使忧伤

--Pleadon'tdistressyourlf.

--Hewasmostdistresdtohearthesadnews.

ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefighterfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrea.

Using…现在分词做状语(强调一种方式)

firefightern.救火队员

Georgewasnottoouptbyhixperiencebecautheladywhoownsthesweetshopheard

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

78

abouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithlargeboxofchocolates.

Rewardedsbwith…用...来奖赏某人

Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头羔羊

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Prizeadj.珍贵的,宝贵的

--Maryhasgotaprizelamb./Thecatisprizetotheoldlady.

=Valuable(adj.有价值的,贵重的)

=Precious(adj.珍贵的,宝贵的)

=Cherishableadj.珍贵的(cherishvt.抚育,爱护,珍爱)

=Dear(adj.昂贵的,亲爱的)

Tiev.拴,系

tiesthto…

--Itiedthedogtoatree.(拴在某处)

--Heistiedtohisfamily.(于…有联系)

Tien.领带,关系(强调血缘关系)

--tiesofblood血缘关系/thetiesoffriendship朋友关系

theftn.偷盗行为,偷盗案

--Hereportsthethefttothepolice.

Accuv.指控

accusbofdoingsth

--Heaccudhisneighborofstealinghisbicycle.

accu比charge语义弱:accu强调"严厉的指责",charge强调"控告"

chargesbwithdoingsth

denyv.否认

denydoingsth

--Hedeniedstealingthelamb./Hedeniedthetruth.

denysbnothing百依百顺(denyv.拒绝)

--Hedenieshiswifenothing.他对他的妻子有求必应。

denyonelf克制自己

--Onsomeoccasionswemustdenyourlves.在某些场合我们必须克制自己

Ashamedadj.感到羞耻,惭愧

beashamedof…为...感到羞耻

--Heisashamedofbeingadustman.

Shamefuladj.可耻的(--Thetheftisshameful.)

Shamelessadj.无耻的(--Thethiefisashamelessperson.)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

79

Apologizev.道歉(apologyn.道歉)

apologizetosb(forsth)(因为某事)向某人道歉

dyev.染(--Dyetheclothblack把这布染成黑色。)

Southernadj.南方的,南部的

Greecen.希腊(腊欧洲东南部国家)

Ropen.绳,索,绳索

Steal(stole,stolen,stealing)

Acquirevt.获得,学到

Backyardn.后院,后庭

Rashlyadv.轻率地(rashadj.轻率的,匆忙的)

Wooln.羊毛,毛织品,毛线

Neighbourn.邻居(美作:neighbor)

Neighbourhoodn.邻居关系(美作:neighborhood)

Text课文

WasDimitririghttoapologizetohisneighbour?Whynot?

MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.

inthetinyvillageof...

--inthebigcityofBeijing./inthebeautifulcityofParis.

insouthernGreece=inthesouthofGreece

OneofMary'sprizeposssionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.

Posssionn.所有物

--WhatIposssisvaluable.=Myposssionsarevaluable.

Belongingn.随身携带物,附属品,附件

Shekeptittiedtoatreeinafieldduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryevening.

Keep+宾语+宾补使…处于某种状态

keep后的宾语补足语可以是形容词、介词短语、分词。

--keep和过去分词搭配,过去分词和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。

--keep和现在分词搭配,宾语和现在分词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。

--Ikeepmywindowsclodinwinter./Ikeepthedoglockedinthekitchen.

--Ikepttheboystandingoutside.

Oneevening,however,ehadbeencut,soitwasobviousthat

thelambhadbeenstolen.

Itisobviousthat...显而易见…

WhenDimitricameinfromthefields,iatonce

touttofindthethief.

touttodosth开始着手做某事(taboutdoing…)

Heknewitwouldnotprovedifficultinsuchasmallvillage.

Aftertellingveralofhisfriendsaboutthetheft,Dimitrifoundoutthathisneighbour,

Aleko,hadsuddenlyacquiredanewlamb.

tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

80

--Hetoldthepoliceaboutthetheft.

DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko'shouandangrilyaccudhimofstealingthelamb.

Hetoldhimhehadbetterreturnitorhewouldcallthepolice.

Hecan'tbeillorhewouldn'thavecome.他不可能生病了要不他就不会来了。

orel…否则…

--tpromptly,orel....。

AlekodeniedtakingitandledDimitriintohisbackyard.

.(led,led,leading)引导;指引

--Heledustohishome.他把我们带到他家。

Itwastruethathehadjustboughtalamb,heexplained,buthislambwasblack.

Itistruethat…but...诚然…但是…

--Itistruethattheworkishard,butwe'llfinishitahead.(.提前,向前,在前面)

Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccudhim.

Ashamed前省略了be动词。

Ashamedof…是现在分词结构(形容词结构)做原因状语(放主句前后均可)

--Angryateverybodyhere,heleftsuddenly.

--Anxiousforaquickdecision,hecalledhisfriends.

--Nervous,themanopenedtheletter.

WhiletheyweretalkingitbegantorainandDimitristayedinAleko'shouuntiltherain

wentoutsidehalfanhourlater,hewasastonishedtofindthelittle

l,whichhadbeendyedblack,hadbeenwashedclean

bytherain!

Specialdifficulties难点

hadbetterdo/hadbetternotdo

etterhavelunch.(Advisableadj.适当的;明智的;可取的)

betterrenewherpassport(Renewvt.更换,更新)

'dbetternotasksomanyquestions.

'dbetternotstayanylonger.

ldrenhadbettergetanearlynight.(Consultv.商量,商议,请教)

tterconsultmysolicitor.(Solicitorn.律师,法律顾问)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

vt.解开vi.松开,解开

nity(n.社区,公社,团体,社会)=village

ful(adj.诚实的,说实话的)admit(v.容许,承认)

4.D

5.D正确

prent(adj.现在的,出席的)反义词:abnt(adj.不在的,缺席的)

prent(vt.赠送,给)

--eftfirm,thedirectorprentedagoldwatchtohim.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

81

--Thegoldwatchwasprentfromthedirector.

aprentfromsomebody某人所送的礼物

6.C

llasize

8.B

9.A

valuedadj.尊贵的,尊重的,宝贵的

--valuedadvice宝贵的忠告/valuedfriend尊贵的朋友

worthwhileadj.值得做的(--workinghardisworthwhile努力学习是值得做的)

worthyadj.值得的,配得上的(beworthyof)

--Thechainisworthyofthewatch.(chainn.链子)

--Hisdeedsareworthyofourprai.他的确行为陪得上我们的表扬

10.B

tellsomebodyaboutsomething

reportsomethingtosomebody

11C正确chatv.聊天n.聊天

argumentn.争论,辩论

12A正确

outofdoors=outdoors=outside(.)

--outdoorsn.户外adv.在户外,在野外

adj.在户外=outdoor(adj.室外的,户外的)

--outdoors的反义词:indoors(adv.在户内)

intheopenair在户外,露天

insideout里外反穿

--Heputhissocksoninsideout.他把袜子穿反了。

Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Suspensionn.悬,吊

suspensionbridge吊桥

suspendvt.吊,悬挂

--Thelightissuspendedfromtheceiling.

suspendvt.暂停,暂缓

--Thetrainwassuspendedbecauoftheheavyrain.

Suspenn.担心、挂念、悬念(insuspen)

--Thewonderfulfilmgavemeagoodexpressionbecauofitssuspen.(悬念)

--Hedidn’meinsuspenallday.

suspendern.吊袜带,(裤子或裙子的)背带

agreeableadj.宜人的(--Todayisagreeable.)

agreeablesituation宜人的地方

--Hishouisinaagreeablesituation.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

82

situationn.地点,地方(=location=position)

situatevt.使位于,使处于

locatev.位于

--BeijingislocatedintheNorthofChina.

--JapanislocatedtotheeastofChina.

immortaladj.永生的,流芳百世的

Brooklynn.布鲁克林(纽约一区名)

Statenn.斯塔顿(岛)

Spann.跨度

Cablen.缆索

Concreten.混凝土

Suspendv.悬挂

Lengthn.根,段

Estimatev.估计

--Underestimate低估/Overestimate高估

--Ataroughestimate,thecarisworth500thousandRMB.粗略的估计以下…

Estimationn.判断(=judgement=judgmentn.审判,判决)

--inmyestimation=inmyview=inmyopinion在我看来

capacityn.承受量(容量,生产量,接受力)

--Areyouclearaboutthecapacityofthecinema?

Capacityn.做某事的能力

haveacapacityfordoingsomething/haveacapacitytodoability

--wehaveacapacitytostudyEnglishwell.

Abilityn.能力,才干(已经做到了)

--Wehaveabilitytofinishtheworkintwodays.=wemanagetofinish…

Capabilityn.潜在的能力

havecapabilitytodo/havecapabilityofdoing

--Everychildhascapabilitytostudyaforeignlanguage.

Facultyn.先天的智能或能力

Competencen.胜任工作的能力、资格

--Ihavecompetenceforthisjob.

immensityn.巨大

elegantadj.优美别致的

Elegant还表示人的举止很得体、大方

--Theladyilegant./elegantbehavior

Gracefuladj.优美的(强调一个人的体型优美)

Delicateadj.精巧的,精致的

faintlyadv.微细地

withinprep.在...之内,不越出n.内部,里头

adj.里面的,内部的adv.在内部,在内心里

midstn.中间prep.在...中间

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

83

flowvi.流动n.流动

shapen.外形,形状,形态

accountn.计算,说明,帐目

designern.设计家,制图师,阴谋家

towern.塔,城堡

underwateradj.在水下的,在水中的adv.在水下n.(海洋等)水面下的水

platformn.平台,(车站)月台,讲台,讲坛

depthn.深,深度

surfacen.表面,外表,水面adj.面的,肤浅的

wiren.金属丝,电线

packvt.塞满,挤进,挤满

strengthn.强度,力量

fulfillvt.履行,实现,完成(计划等)

fulfilvt.完成,达到

.(drew,drawn,drawing)拉,曳,牵,画,绘制

createvt.创造,创作,引起,造成

Text课文

Howisthebridgesupported?

Verrazano,anItalianaboutwhomlittleisknown,sailedintoNewYorkHarbourin1524

and

nameditAngouleme.

sailedinto...是句子的主干

aboutwhom(whom指代Italian)

Hedescribeditas'averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstof

whichflowedagreatriver.'

describesomethingas…把某物描述成…

--Ishoulddescribetheattemptasafailure.我把这次尝试描述成失败。

后面可以加as的动词:e,view,lookupon,recognize,regard,treat,accept

--Hismotherregardshimasgenius.(geniusn.天才,天赋)

--Iacceptedhiswordsastruth.我对他的话信以为真。

Located过去分词做定语修饰situation

--Ilikethevillagelocatedwithintwosmallhills.

=Ilikethevillagewhichislocatedwithintwosmallhills.

inthemidstofwhich...

--Agreatriverflowedinthemiddleofthetwohills.

Inthemidstof=inthemiddleof

Inthemiddleof不仅可以表示方位上的中间,还可以表示时间上的中间。

--inthemiddleoftheriver/inthemiddleofthenight/inthemiddleofthewinter

介词短语在which前,which引导的从句要倒装。

--Wearrivedatafarmhouinfrontofwhichwasamountain.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

84

ThoughVerrazanoisbynomeansconsideredtobeagreatexplorer,hisnamewillprobably

remainimmortal,foronNovember21st,1964,thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld

wasnamedafterhim.

Though/although/eventhough引导让步状语从句

用了though,although不能使用but

但可以用yet来强调转折关系

--Thoughtheymanagetotakephotographs,yettheygotintotroublesoon.

bynomeans(=notbyanymeans=notatall)

--Itisbynomeanspleasanttotakeacrowdedbus.

乘坐一辆拥挤的公共汽车绝对不是一件让人高兴的事。

--Heisn'tsatisfiedwithajobatall.=Heisn'tsatisfiedwithajobbyanymeans.

innoway,innoca,innon,innocircumstances(circumstancen.环境,详情,境况)

onnoaccount,atnotime都表示’决不’

benamedafter…,benamedfor…,takeone'snamefrom…都表示用…来命名

TheVerrazanoBridge,whichwasdesignedbyOthmarAmmann,joinsBrooklyntoStaten

spanof4,260feet.

aspanof跨度、桥长

Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.

takeintoaccount=takeintoconsideration=takeaccountof考虑到

--Wehavetotakethedateintoaccountwhenwehavethemeeting.

Twogreattowerssupportfourhugecables.

Support=holdup举起,支撑

Thetowersarebuiltonimmenunderwaterplatformsmadeofsteelandconcrete.

Theplatformxtendtoadepthofover100feetunderthea.

Extend(延伸,伸展)=reach,stretch

--arailwayextendstothenextcity.

Thealonetooksixteenmonthstobuild.

=Ittooktheworkerssixteenmonthstobuildtheplatforms.

Abovethesurfaceofthewater,thetowersritoaheightofnearly700feet.

extendtoadepthof…伸展的深度

extendtoalengthof…伸展的长度

extendtoawidthof…伸展的宽度(widthn.宽度,宽广)

ritoaheightof…伸展的高度

Theysupportthecablesfromwhichthebridgehasbeensuspended.

which指代先行词cables

Eachofthefourcablescontains26,108lengthsofwire.

Ithasbeenestimatedthatifthebridgewerepackedwithcars,itwouldstillonlybecarrying

athirdofitstotalcapacity.

Ithasbeenestimatedthat...(Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…)

Ithasbeenestimated,Ithasbeenexpected

were虚拟语气(桥上不可能摆满汽车)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

85

carryv.承载

athirdof……的1/3

However,sizeandstrengtharenottheonlyimportantthingsaboutthisbridge.

Despiteitsimmensity,itisbothsimpleandelegant,fulfillingitsdesigner'sdreamtocreate

'anenormousobjectdrawnasfaintlyaspossible'.

Immensity指代size

Despite=inspiteof

Fulfillvt.履行,实现,完成(计划等)

Fulfilling分词做状语表示结果

--Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.(holdup阻挡,拦截)

--Herhusbanddiedin1970,leavingherwithherchildren.

--Atlasthepasdhixamination,fulfillinghisdreamtogoabroad.

Specialdifficulties难点

Ifindhimtobequiteunsuitableforthejob.(unsuitableadj.不适合的,不相称的)

=Ifindthatheisquiteunsuitableforthejob.

类似这种用法的词有:(presumevt.假定,假设,认为)

believe,consider,declare,feel,know,suppo,think,presume,estimate,understand

--Iconsiderthatheisthebestcandidate.(candidaten.候选人,投考者)

--Iconsiderhimtobethebestcandidate.

--Weestimatedthatthispictureisworthatleast500pounds.

--Weestimatedthispicturetobeworthatleast500pounds.

Propertyn.财产,所有物

Treatyn.条约,谈判

Invalidadj.无效的n.病人,残废者adj.有病的,残废的

Integrityn.正直,诚实

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

derableadj.值得考虑的,相当可观的

thelongestsuspensionbridgewasnamedafterVerrazano.

chn.一段路程,一段时间

awidestretchofwater连续不断的水域

3.A

Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.

accountfor考虑,说明,解决

takeaccountof/takeintoaccount考虑

curvaturen.弯曲度

vehiclen.交通工具,车辆

ibesthAs

situated动词过去分词接受agreeably的限定

5.A陈述客观事实

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

86

6.B

thusadv.因而,从而,这样,如此

--Hesoldhisfarmandthushehadenoughmoneyforhisjourney.

他卖掉了农场,这样他就有足够的钱旅行了。

--Therehasbeennorain—thus,thecropsaredrying.

天没下雨,因此庄稼要枯死了。

7.D

immen描述性形容词用于物质名词的前面

.(sank,sunk,sinking)下沉,使沉没

ferro-concreten.[建]钢筋混凝土,钢骨水泥

.负荷,装载量,负载

theload=thetotalcapacity

can不能与beableto搭配连用

can+动词原形(表示一般的能力)

r表示两者中的每一方的

--Hesatinthecarwithapolicemanoneithersideofhim.

--oneithersideofthestreet

eitheradj.修饰名词的单数形式

bothadj.修饰名词的复数形式

everyadj.用于三者或三者以上(意思上等于all)

--ineverydirection=inalldirections

sidebyside肩并肩的,并排

--Thetwobottlesstoodsidebysideonthetable.

--walksidebyside肩并肩的走

…with/join…toattach…to把…牢牢的系上(attachv.系上,贴上)

--Sheattachedachecktotheorderform.她在定单上附了一张支票。

Relate…to/with表示在…之间建立联系

--Ican'trelatewhatyousayhappenedwithwhatIsaw.

我不能把你所说的发生的事件和我所看到的联系起来。

Unifyvt.统一,使成一体

nsionbridge吊桥suspendedadj.暂停的,缓期的,延期的

--Thejudgegavehimasuspendedntence.法官判了他缓刑。

--judgen.法官,审判员

Suspenn.担心,不安,悬念

--Thecompetitorsinthebeautycontestwerekeptinsuspenwaitingfortheresult.

--competitor(n.竞争者)contest(n.论争,竞赛)

Suspendern.吊索,吊袜带

12.D

takevt.容纳,装载

--Thetankwilltakeabouttwelvegallons.(n.加仑)

Sustainvt.支撑,承受住

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

87

--Idon'tthinkthisfloorwillsustaintheweightofthegrandpiano.

Endurevt.经受,承受(痛苦、苦难)

Receivevt.收到

Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术的电流

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Currentn.电流(趋势,电流,水流,气流)

--theflowofelectricity电流

--acontinuousmovementofwater水流

currentadj.目前的,现在的(--currentaffairs时事)

currentlyadv.普遍地,通常地,现在,当前

currencyn.流通,货币

sculpturen.雕塑

sculpturaladj.雕塑的,雕刻般的

sculptorn.雕刻家

sculptv.雕刻,造型

mistakenadj.错误的(=incorrect,wrong,misunderstood)

--Theteacherhasmistakenopinionofhispupil.

Herdoesn'tusimpleplainlanguageandheisoftenmistaken.

Mistaken.错误,过失

--makeamistake犯错

--bymistake弄错了

--Hetookmyumbrellabymistake.他错拿了我的伞。

--andnomistake确实如此

--Heishonestandnomistake.他这个人确实很诚实。

Mistakevt.把...误认为,弄错,误解

--mistakesbfor把某人误认为

--YesterdayImistookhimformyclassmate.

Galleryn.美术馆

Exhibitn.展品,陈列品(=somethingthatshowinpublic)

Exhibitionn.展览会

--Wewenttoanexhibitiontovisitexhibits.

Oddlyadv.古怪的(=strangely)

oddadj.古怪的(因为少见而奇怪)

strangeadj.陌生的,奇怪的(因为陌生而奇怪)

queeradj.奇特的(因为不同于其它的而奇怪)

--Look,heiswearingaqueerhat.

Fantasticadj.奇妙的

Eccentricadj.怪癖的(--Heisaneccentricperson.)

Attachv.连,系

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

88

attachvt.系、拴、粘上、贴上(--attach…to…)

--Heattachedthelambtoatree.

Attach…tosbforsth因为某事而把…加再某人身上

--Wedidn'tattachblametohimforhisfailure.我们没有因为他的失败而责备他。

attachimportancetosth对某事非常重视

--Weattachimportancetoeducation.

beattachedtosth喜欢,喜爱

--I'mveryattachedtoher.

attachmentn.附属物,固定物,爱慕,友情

spheren.球体

magnetizev.使磁化,吸引

--Theironwasmagnetized.

--Hisspeechmagnetizedthelisteners.

Repelv.排斥,使厌恶(=todriveback,caufeelingsofdislike)

--Thedifferentxesattracteachotherandthesamexesrepelonthecontrary.

同性向吸,异性相斥。

--Letmegoatonce,yourepelme.让我走,你真让我恶心。

Flickerv.闪烁(=shineunsteadily)unsteadily(adv.不稳定地,摇摆地)

flashvi.闪光,闪现(=shineforamoment)

emitv.放射(=giveoff)

emitsound/emitsmell/emitlight/emitheat/emitsmoke

flashv.闪光

prehistoricadj.史前的,老掉牙的(historicadj.历史上著名的,有历史性的)

electronicadj.电子的

peculiaradj.奇异的(=strangeandunusual)

--Thefoodhaspeculiartaste.这食物有一种奇特的味道。

--I'mfeelingratherpeculiar.=Iamfellingill.

Shockv.令人震惊,刺激人

--getshocked受震动

--Atthenews,hegotshocked.

Shockn.震惊(--getabigshock)

emotionallyadv.事情上

emotionaladj.易激动的,情绪的,感情脆弱的(反义词:unemotional)

--Ithinkyouagreewithme,womenareoftensaidtobemoreemotionalthanmen.

emotiveadj.使感动的,感情的,动感情的

--Thewordhomeismoreemotivethanhou.

emotionn.(抽象的)感情

--Love,hated,andgriefareemotions.(griefn.悲痛,悲伤)

feelingn.某时的内心感受

--Ican'tdescribemyfeelingnow.

electricadj.电的,用电的

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

89

dangerousadj.危险的

interestn.兴趣,利息vt.使发生兴趣

displayn.陈列,展览,显示,显示器vt.陈列,展览,显示

formn.状,形态,外形

recentadj.新近的,近来的

shapedadj.有形状的;成某种形状的

responn.回答,响应,反应

familiaradj.熟悉的,常见的

lineupv.整队,排列起

againstprep.相反,反对,逆着,靠着,倚着

wiren.属丝,电线

metaln.金属

attractvt.吸引

structuren.结构,构造,构造物,建筑物

colour(vt.把...涂颜色,粉饰)coloured(adj.有彩色的,有色的)

sparkn.火花,火星,闪光

lampn.灯vt.照亮

electricadj.电的,导电的,用电的adj.惊人的,令人兴奋的

Text课文

Howmightsomeoftheexhibitshavebeendangerous?

Modernsculpturerarelysurprisusanymore.

Rarely=ldom

本句=Wearenotsurpridatmodernsculpture.

Theideathatmodernartcanonlybeeninmuumsismistaken.

that引导同位语从句,修饰限定theidea的内容。

--TheideathatonecanlearnEnglishwellinEnglish-speakingcountriesismistaken.

Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodern

sculptureondisplayinpublicplaces.

重点句式结构:

whotakenointerestinart修饰说明people

takeinterestin对…感兴趣/showinterestin显示对…的兴趣

takedelightin对…感到高兴/takepridein对…感到骄傲

cannot,failedto双重否定意味着肯定(强调肯定的语气)

--Hemusthavepasdhixaminationlastweek.

=Hecannothavefailedtopasshixaminationlastweek.

--Youmustkeepyourpromi.=Youcan'tfailtokeepyourpromi.(n.许诺)

ondisplay/onshow展览,展出

Strangeformsstandingardens,andoutsidebuildingsandshops.

Wecanesculptureverywhere

-called'modern'pieceshavebeenondisplayfor

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

90

nearlyeightyyears.

getudto…=getaccustomedto…习惯于…(accustomedadj.通常的,习惯的)

用夸张的口吻表明事实

Inspiteofthis,somepeople--includingmylf--weresurpribyarecentexhibitionof

modernsculpture.

inspiteofthis尽管如此(作者表明了自己的观点)

ThefirstthingIsawwhenIenteredtheartgallerywasanoticewhichsaid:'Donottouch

theexhibits.

重点句型:Thefirstthing...wasanoticewhichsaid...

Isaw是定语从句省略了that

Someofthemaredangerous!'Theobjectsondisplaywerepiecesofmovingsculpture.

Thesculpturecanmove.

Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedformtheceilingandmoveinrespontoagustof

windarequitefamiliartoeverybody.

句子主干:Oddlyshapedformsarefamiliartoeverybody

that引导的定语从句用来限定shapedforms

that定语从句中:inresponto=inreactionto作为对…的反应

befamiliartosb对某人来讲很熟悉

--Thehouisfamiliartohim.

--Idon'treallyrememberwhereIhaveenhimbefore,buthelooksveryfamiliartome.

befamiliarwithsth熟悉,熟知

--AreyoufamiliarwiththeplayofShakespeare?

--I'mfamiliarwiththatbooktoo.

Theobjects,however,pagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwires

attachedtometalspheres.

linedup(过去分词做状语)与longthinwires为被动关系

attachedtometalspheres(过去分词做定语)修饰longthinwires.

therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.

=therewerelongthinwiresthatwereattachedtometalspheres.

Thesphereshadbeenmagnetizedandattractedorrepelledeachotherallthetime.

Inthecentreofthehall,therewereanumberoftallstructureswhichcontainedcoloured

lights.

thecenterofthehall展厅的中央

colouredlights彩色灯泡

Thelightsflickeredcontinuouslyliketrafficlightswhichhavegonemad.

continuouslyadv.不停止的

gomad发疯,发狂(=runmad)

--Hemusthavegonemadtodosuchathing.

Sparkswereemittedfromsmallblackboxesandredlampsflashedonandoffangrily.

onandoff=continually=Intermittentlyadv.间歇的,断断续续的

onandon=continuouslyadv.无间断地,连续不断地

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

91

--Ithasbeenrainingonandoffsincenoon.

Itwasratherlikeanexhibitionofprehistoricelectronicequipment.

Itwasratherlike...=Itwasmorelike...

Thepeculiarformsnotonlyemeddesignedtoshockpeopleemotionally,buttogivethem

electricshocksaswell!

notonly...but...aswell

em(系动词)+名词/形容词/分词

Keystructures关键句型

1...takenointerestinart...ondisplay...

2...gotudto...

3...fromtheceiling...inresponto...familiarto...

4...attachedto...

Specialdifficulties难点

以元音+y结尾的名词/动词,加s时直接加。

Daydays

Wayways

Enjoyenjoys

Buybuys

以辅音+y结尾的名词/动词,加s时,去y变I加es。

Ladyladies

Berryberries

Replyreplies

Jungle’sopinion:不能有三个辅音在一起,否则不好读。(例:ladys)

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1.A正确

2.C正确

mobileadj.可移动的,易变的,机动的

effectn.结果,效果,作用,影响

electronicadj.电子的

activatevt.刺激,使活动,开[起]动,触发

3.D正确onecouldnotpassthemunnoticed

cannotpasssomethingunnoticed不可能路过某物而不注意到它

--ThedressissobeautifulthatIcan'tpassitunnoticed

unnoticedadj.不引人注意的,被忽视的

untouchedadj.未触及的;没有动过的

4.C正确eightyyearsago(一般过去时)

5.C正确entrance+to,arrival+in/at

itvt.阻止,禁止(重点强调法律或条例明文禁止)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

92

prohibitsomebodyfromdoingsomething

--Thelawprohibitchildrenfrombuyingalcohol.(n.酒精,酒)

forbidsomebodytodosomething

--Thelawforbidchildrentobuyalcohol.

7.A正确inorderthat只能引导目的状语从句

sothat可以引导目的和结果状语从句

1>引导目的状语从句时:sothat+情态动词

2>引导结果状语从句时:sothat+一般时态

8.D正确both...and…(both和and的后面成分应该相同)

9.D正确atoneblow强调一次重击

allofasudden=suddenly

withalighttouch轻轻的一碰

10A正确gaveoff

11B正确illuminatev.照明,照亮

--illuminatedbycandle/illuminatethestreets

enlightenvt.开导,启发

enlightenedadj.开通的,开明的(--enlightenedpolicy开明的政策)

alightvi.(不及物)下车,落下(alighted,alighted)(alit,alit)

--Pasngersshouldnotalightfromthetrainuntilithasstopped.

alightedadj.点着的,发亮的(=burning)

--thefireisalighted/burning

12C正确designed表达一种意图

--abookdesigned/intendedmainlyforEnglishlearner.一本专门为英语学习者编写的书。

Drawvt.画(--drawapicture)

Drawvt.支取,提取(--drawmoneyfrombank)Createvt.创造

Lesson19Averydearcat一条贵重的宝贝猫

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Dearadj.亲爱的,珍贵的;昂贵的

Dear=Costly(adj.昂贵的,贵重的)=expensive

--Ican'taffordthecarbecauit'stoodear.

Dearadj.珍贵的,宝贵的

--Thecatisdeartome.(adj.珍贵的)

--ThelambisprizetoMary=ThelambisdeartoMary

costsomebodydear花了某人很多钱(dearadv.昂贵地,价高地)

--Thecatcosttheladydear.

kidnappern.者,拐骗者

kidnapvt.诱拐(小孩),,勒赎

--Theykidnappedfivehostages.(n.人质,抵押品)

considerableadj.相当大的

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

93

--aconsiderablebusiness.大型企业。

--Hehasgotaconsiderablesuccess.

Considerablyadv.相当大地,相当多地(=much,alot,agreatdeal)

--It'sconsiderablycoldertodaythanyesterday.

Considerate(adj.考虑周到的)=thoughtful(adj.体贴的,关切的)

beconsideratetosomebody对某人很体贴

--Areyouconsiderate/thoughfultoyourwife?

Considered(adj.经慎重考虑的,经过熟思的)

--It'smyconsideredopinion.

allthingsconsidered就各方面而言

--Allthingsconsidered,hefinishedtheworkwell.

.就…而论;照…来看;考虑到…

介词--Consideringhisage,thelittleboyreadsverywell.

就他的年龄来说,这小孩读得算挺好的。

连词--Theyhavedoneitwellconsidering(that)theyhavenoexperience.

副词--HestudiesEnglishwell,considering.就各方面而言,他英语学得很好。

=HestudiesEnglishwell,allthingsconsidered.

Wealthyadj.富的,有钱的

Orderlyadj.有规律的

Disappearancen.失踪

Anonymousadj.匿名的

Ransomn.赎金

payransomtosomebody

--Theoldladypaidaransomofonethousandpoundstothekidnapper.

holdsomebodytoransom某人为了赎金

--Theykidnappedtheboyandheldhimtoransom.

Cardboardn.硬纸板

Withdraw(withdrew,withdrawn)v.(从银行)取钱

punctuallyadv.准时地

punctualadj.严守时刻的,准时的

Punctualityn.准时

astoundv.使吃惊

surpri,astonish,amaze,astound语气一个比一个强

--Hewasastoundedtohearofherdeath.

--Theywereamazedtofindthelazygirlcameveryearly.

Surprisingadj.令人惊讶的

Surpridadj.感到惊讶的

Flatn.平面,平地,一层,公寓adj.平坦的,扁平的

Wordn.字,词,话

Sureadj.对....有把握,确信某事adv.的确,当然

Amountn.数量

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

94

Text课文

WhywasRastus'verydear'inmorewaysthanone?

Kidnappersarerarelyinterestedinanimals,buttheyrecentlytookconsiderableinterestin

Mrs.

Rarely=ldomadv.很少地

beinterestin=takeinterestin(一句话中用不同的表达方式,是为了避免从复)

tookgreatinterestin=takeenormous/tremendousinterestin

EleanorRamsay'rRamsay,averywealthyoldlady,hassharedaflatwith

hercat,Rastus,foragreatmanyyears.

sharesomethingwithsomebody和某人分享某物

--Isharetheroomwithmyfriend.

Foragreatmanyyears=foralongtime.

llytakesashortwalkintheeveningsandisalways

homebyveno'clock.

Orderlyadj.有秩序的,有顺序的

Disciplinev.训练n.纪律,学科

Disciplinedn.受过训练的,遵守纪律的

Regularadj.规则的,有秩序的

takesashortwalk=goesforawalk=goesforastroll

strolln.漫步,闲逛

Oneevening,however,hefailedtoarrive.

kedeverywhereforhimbutcouldnotfindhim.

However的使用表明:heisn’thomethatevening.

lookfor,find

TheredaysafterRastus'disappearance,receivedananonymousletter.

after可以和名词搭配

--threedaysafterJohnson’sarrival.约翰逊到来三天之后。

--threedaysafterthekidnapper’sappearance.

ThewriterstatedthatRastuswasinsafehandsandwouldbereturnedimmediatelyifMrs.

Ramsaypaidaransomof$1,000.

State非常正式的声明

wasinstructedtoplacethemoneyinacardboardboxandtoleaveitoutside

herdoor.

Instruct=order(vt.命令)=tellformally(adv.正式地,形式上)

beinstructedtodosomething

--Thejournalistwasinstructedtoobtaintheexactstatistics.

Atfirstshedecidedtogotothepolice,butfearingthatshewouldnevereRastusagain–

theletterhadmadethatquiteclear--shechangedhermind.

Fearing现在分词做原因状语

makeitcleartosomebodythat…(it是形式主语)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

95

--TheteacherhasmadeitcleartousthatwemustreadEnglishaloudeveryday.

Shewithdrew$1000fromherbankandfollowedthekidnapper'sinstructions.

Thenextmorning,wassurethatthekidnapper

wouldkeephisword.

Keephisword=keephispromi遵守诺言

word表示诺言时,要采用单数形式

keephisword遵守诺言/breakhisword失信用

givesomebodyone'sword向某人保证

--IgiveyoumywordthatIwillreturnyourbicycle.

asgoodasone'sword表示守信用(侧重点在于强调一个结果)

--Hepromidtopaymethemoneyandhewasasgoodashisword.

他许诺把钱给我,正如他所言他遵守了他的诺言。

gobackonone'sword食言,违背诺言

Sureenough,Rastusarrivedpunctuallyatveno'clockthatevening.

sureenough强调确实如此

--Isaiditwouldhappen,andsureenoughitdidhappen.

Helookedverywellthoughhewasratherthirsty,forhedrankhalfabottleofmilk.

halfabottleofmilk半瓶牛奶

halfthemoney一半的钱/halfthedistance一半的距离

toldthemwhatshehaddone.

SheexplainedthatRastuswasverydeartoher.

Consideringtheamountshepaid,hewasdearinmorewaysthanone!

inmorewaysthanone=inmanyways

dear具有双重意义(即是亲爱的,又是昂贵的)

Specialdifficulties难点

逗号的用法:

1>三个或三个以上的词、短语或句子只用一个并列连接词来连接,他们之间就要用逗号,

并列连接词前也要用逗号

--Heopenedtheletter,readit,andmadeanoteofitscontents.

2>插入语或同位语前后必须用逗号分开

--Iownoverathousandbooksand,tomakematterswore,theroomisrathersmall.

3>状语从句位于句首时也要用逗号和主句分隔开来,放在句尾则不需要

--Afterwehadvisitedthemarket,wereturnedhome.

=Wereturnedhomeafterwehadvisitedthemarket.

4>非限定性定语从句必须用逗号分开

--ThankstotheEnglishChannel,whichparatesBritainfromEurope,thecountryhasnotbeen

invadedsince1066.

5>语次转变词也应该用逗号将其和句子其他成分分开

--Afewcars,however,completedtherace.

--dn’t,therefore,continuedhisstudyatschool.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

96

=ore,Hecouldn’tcontinuedhisstudyatschool.

6>介词短语和分词短语位于句首时,也必须加逗号加以分隔。

--Takingoffhisjacket,Georgepushedhisarmthroughthedraincover.

--Withsomechildren,smallmoneygoesalongway.

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1.A正确couldandwould愿意并有能力

companionn.同伴,共事者

2.B正确onwhatconditions在什么样的基础之上

revealvt.展现,显示,揭示,暴露

3.A正确greatlyadv.很,非常

4.B正确foragreatmanyyears(用完成时)

5.D正确

6.A正确reactionn.反应,反作用

根据语法规则:

主语是ambition,duty,goal,hope,idea,intention,mistake,plan,policy,purpo,reaction,

suggestion等名词的时,句子的表语必须是to不定式短语,该不定式短语是说明其内容的。

--Hispurpoinlifewastoektruthinsteadofmoney.

--Ourplanistomakebetteruofthismaterial.

7.B正确

forfear+of/that

--Theyareworkinghardforfearthattheyshouldfail.

=Theyareworkinghardforfearoffailure.

afraidfor侧重点表示:为...感到担心,害怕失去

--Theparentsareoftenareafraidfortheirchildren.父母常为孩子担心。

--Hewasafraidforhisjob.他害怕丢工作。

--Iamnotafraidformyhead.我不怕掉脑袋。

8.D正确修饰money用large

9.D正确

measuredadj.慎重的,有节奏的,标准的,整齐的,有规则的

regularadj.强调有规则的

disciplinedn.受过训练的,遵守纪律的

10.B正确

goforawalk=goforastroll

goon/foratrek进行艰苦的跋涉

--trekn.牛拉车旅行,艰苦跋涉

goforatrot去散步

--trotn.小跑,骑马,疾走,忙碌lanen.(乡间)小路,巷,里弄

--I'mgoingforatrotdownthelane.我正沿着巷子小跑。

11.C正确sureenough=as(was)expected

withoutadoubtadv.无疑地

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

97

asamatteroffactadv.事实上(infact=actually实际上,事实上)

12.A正确healthyadj.健康的,健壮的

sane(adj.神志清楚的,头脑清楚的)=nsible(明智的,有判断力的)

Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱

Newwordsandexpression生词和短语

Pioneern.先驱.开拓,为…开路,作先驱者

Youngpioneer少先队员

Apioneerofoperation手术的开创者

Advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者vt.提倡,鼓吹

--pioneeradulteducation倡导成人教育

lordn.对(英国)贵族的尊称;勋爵

lordlessadj.无君主的,无丈夫的

lordshipn.贵族权力,贵族身份

.高傲的,贵族般地,有气派地

duken.公爵

marquisn.(英国等的)侯爵(亦作:marquess)

earln.<英>伯爵

viscountn.(英国的)子爵

baronn.男爵(英国世袭的最低级的贵族爵位),大财主(女性为:baroness)

Calaisn.加来(法国港市)

Overlandadj.陆上的

Overnightn.头天晚上adj.通宵的,晚上的,前夜的adv.在前一夜,整夜,昨晚一晚上

--anovernighttrip一整夜的旅行/anovernightguest过夜的客人

overpopulatedadj.人口过密的,人口过剩的

overasadv.海外adj.外国的,海外的

over+动词(over表示超过)

overeatvt.使吃过量vi.吃得过多

oversleepvt.(使)睡过头vi.睡过头,睡得太久

overworkn.过度工作v.(使)工作过度

overchargev.讨价过高,使过量装填,过度充电n.超载,过重的负担,过度充电

overestimatevt.评价过高n.估计的过高

pilotn.飞行员,领航员,引水员

enginen.发动机,机车,火车头

Calais加来(法国北部港市)

Latestadj.最后的,最迟的,最新的,最近的n.最新消息,最新式样

Lastvi.持续,支持,维持

Dovern.多佛(英国东南部的港口)

Text课文

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

98

WhatwasthenameofthefirstplanetoflyacrosstheEnglishChannel?

In1908LordNorthcliffeofferedaprizeoff1,000tothefirstmanwhowouldflyacrossthe

EnglishChannel.

thefirstmanwhowouldflyacross…=thefirstmantoflyacross...

序数词和动词不定式to搭配连用可以代替其后的定语从句

--thefirstpersontogreethimwasalocalpoliceman

--Shewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.她是唯一幸存与飞机失事的人。

=Shewastheonlyonethatsurvivetheplanecrash.

Overayearpasdbeforethefirstattemptwasmade.

如果before所引导的时间状语从句之前出现段时间(则最佳翻译方法:才...)

attemptn.努力,尝试,企图vt.尝试,企图(attempt的语气比try强烈)

inone'sattempt

--ShefailedinherattempttoswimtheEnglishChannel.她横度英吉利海峡的尝试失败了。

makeanattempton

--Hemadeanattemptonthemountain.他试图攀登那座山。

makeanattempttodo

--Shemadeeveryattempttorunaway.她想尽一切办法逃走。

makenoattempt

--Shemadenoattempttorunaway.她没有想逃走。

OnJuly19th,1909,intheearlymorning,HubertLathamtookofffromtheFrenchcoastin

hisplanethe'AntoinetteIV.'

HehadtravelledonlyvenmilesacrosstheChannelwhenhinginefailedandhewas

forcedtolandona.

When=atthatmoment

Failed=breakdown失灵,出故障

Fail失败、忽视

--Shefailedtowintheprize.

--WhenIsawhim,mywordsfailedme.当我见到他的时候,我不知道说什么好了。

beforcedtodo被迫做某事

The'Antoinette'floatedonthewateruntilLathamwaspickedupbyaship.

pickedup=save=rescue

Twodaysalter,LouisBleriotarrivednearCalaiswithaplanecalled''.Bleriothad

beenmakingplanessince1905andthiswashislattesmodel.

withaplane(with具有、带有)--asuitcawithahandle

Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightduringwhichhecovered

twenty-sixmiles.

=Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightandduringtheflighthecovered

twenty-sixmiles.

--duringwhich=duringflight

Latham,however,didnotgiveupeasily.

He,too,arrivednearCalaisonthesamedaywithanew'Antoinette'.

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

99

ItlookedasiftherewouldbeanexcitingraceacrosstheChannel.

Itlookedasif似乎,看起来

--Itlookedasiftherewouldbeaheavystorm.

BothplanesweregoingtotakeoffonJuly25th,butLathamfailedtogetupearlyenough.

Aftermakingashorttestflightat4,15a.m.,Bleriottoffhalfanhourlater.

makeashorttestflight做段距离试飞之后

Hisgreatflightlastedthirty-venminutes.

WhenhelandednearDover,thefirstpersontogreethimwasalocalpoliceman.

=WhenhelandednearDover,thefirstpersonwhogreetedhimwasalocalpoliceman.

LathammadeanotherattemptaweeklaterandgotwithinhalfamileofDover,buthewas

unluckyagain.

makeanotherattempt做了另一次试飞

Hinginefailedandhelandedontheaforthecondtime.

forthefirsttime/forthecondtime

Keystructures关键句型

介词和关系代词搭配的用法:(决定介词位置的四个因素)

1>在正式的用法和用于书面语中,当定语从句的关系代词是介词的宾语时,能够把可移位

的介词提前放在关系代词的前面。

--ThisisthepersonaboutwhomIwastellingyou.

--Isthisthebookforwhichyouaskedme?

2>在非正式的用法和口语当中,介词一般要放在从句的末尾。

3>有些动词+介词,合成词组被看作是不可分隔的语言单位。这个时候介词必须紧跟动词,

不可移位

--takeafter,accountfor

4>在很多情况下,介词和关系代词构成独立的介词短语,在从句中起着状语作用,与从句的

谓语动词毫无关系,不是谓语动词的一部分。这时介词始终位于关系代词之前。

--Hedescribeditwasaveryagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhills.+Inthemidstof

twosmallhills,ribeditasaveryagreeablesituationslocated

withintowsmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver.

--receivedananonymousletterinwhichthewriterstatedthatRastuswasinsafe

hands.

Multiplechoicequestions多项选择

1.C正确develop(vt.使显出,出现,产生)take-off(n.起飞)

2.B正确

3.B正确forcedlanding迫降properly(adv.适当地,完全地)

4.C正确序数词和不定式搭配连用

5.A正确nottill/notuntil

6.C正确有just一般用完成时

7.D正确promidvt.预示(有可能发生好的迹象)

新概念英语(第二版第三册)学习笔记

100

threaten预示…的恶兆

--Theriverofliquidrockthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescape

justintime.

这股岩浆威胁着要将他团团围住,但泰哲夫还是设法及时躲开了。

8.A正确

9.C正确

nofurther修饰距离(--Icanwalknofurther.我再也走不动了。)

nolonger修饰时间或长度(--Henolongerliveshere.他再也不住这了。)

nomore修饰某物(--Icaneatnomore.我再也吃不下了。)

10.D正确

--Theshiprodethewaves.这艘船漂浮在水面上。

holdwater论点或观点站得住脚

--Whatyousaiddoesn’tholdwater.你的话站不得住脚。

Watertightadj.无懈可击的,不漏水的,不透水的

--awatertightcontract.严密的合同

11.A正确

12.D正确

immenadj.修饰面积大得难以测量

grandadj.雄伟的,壮丽的,盛大的

本文发布于:2022-11-27 19:14:53,感谢您对本站的认可!

本文链接:http://www.wtabcd.cn/fanwen/fan/90/32833.html

版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。

相关文章
留言与评论(共有 0 条评论)
   
验证码:
Copyright ©2019-2022 Comsenz Inc.Powered by © 专利检索| 网站地图