专业英语-学习指南
一.根据下面的英文解释,写出相应的英文词汇。
amaterialorcoveringwhichelectricity,heatorsoundcannot
gothrough_________
lowelectricityorheattogothrough________
ndardunitofmeasurementforthestrengthofanelectrical
current_________
latingtomagnetismormagnets_________
fpotentialdifferenceequaltoonethousandthofavolt
_________
rwrittenusingtheba10;numerical_________
ing,suchasamachineoranengine,thatproducesorimparts
motion_________
ofdisturbing_________
gratedcircuitthatcontainstheentirecentralprocessingunit
ofacomputeronasinglechip_________
dureforsolvingaproblemthatinvolvescollectionofdata,
processing,andprentationofresults_________
ndardmeasureofelectricalpower____________
tricgeneratorthatproducesalternatingcurrent__________
cesofwirewereconnectedendtoend____________
cesofwirewereconnectedsidebyside____________
ndardunitofmeasurementforstrengthofanelectricalcurrent
____________
eudtobreakoropenanelectriccircuitortodivertcurrent
fromoneconductortoanother____________
ethatgenerateslight,heat,ortherapeuticradiation
____________
ialthatinsulates,especiallyanonconductorofsound,heat,
orelectricity____________
latingtoasystemofnumerationhaving2asitsba
____________
ndardunitofelectricalresistance____________
rwrittenusingtheba10;numerical_________
ing,suchasamachineoranengine,thatproducesorimparts
motion_________
ofdisturbing_________
gratedcircuitthatcontainstheentirecentralprocessingunit
ofacomputeronasinglechip_________
dureforsolvingaproblemthatinvolvescollectionofdata,
processing,andprentationofresults_________
amaterialorcoveringwhichelectricity,heatorsoundcannot
gothrough_________
lowelectricityorheattogothrough________
ndardunitofmeasurementforthestrengthofanelectrical
current_________
latingtomagnetismormagnets_________
fpotentialdifferenceequaltoonethousandthofavolt
_________
二.根据电气工程专业基本知识,判断正误。
trollerisaveryufulcontrollerinindustry._____
alcomputercontrolledsystemisonlydesignedfordiscrete
variable._____
ogrammerstodayprefertouhigh-levellanguages,suchasC++,
Java,COBOL,andVisualBasic._____
utdevice,suchasakeyboardormou,gathersinputand
transformsitintoariesofelectronicsignalsforthecomputer.
_____
reecapacitorsconnectedinparallel,
._____
onwillflowthroughaconductorfromthepositiveterminalto
thenegativeterminal._____
mple,iftheeffectivevalueis110V,thepeakvalueis220V.
_____
ductorcutsthroughlinesofflux,thevoltageintheconductor
iscaud._____
eraconductorcutsthroughlinesoffluxavoltageisinduced
tageisCEMF(CounterElectromotiveForce).
_____
aalternatingcurrentisusuallygeneratedat60Hz._____
rnatingcurrentanACgeneratorisudtomakeelectronsflow
continuouslyinonedirection._____
hAmerican50Hzisadoptedasstandardfrequencyinelectric
powersystem._____
ter’smicroprocessoronlyunderstandshigh-levellanguage.
_____
ctionswritteninahigh-levellanguagemustbetranslatedinto
machinelanguageinbinaryformbeforeacomputercanuthem._____
rnatingcurrentanACgeneratorisudtomakeelectronsflow
continuouslyinonedirection._____
aalternatingcurrentisusuallygeneratedat60Hz._____
thpoleofthearmatureisattractedtothesouthpoleofthe
thpoleofthearmatureisattractedtothenorthpole
ofthemainfield._____
reecapacitorsconnectedinries,
123total
CCCC._____
mutatorcanchangecurrentdirectionintheconductor.
_____
mputersareequippedwithakeyboardastheprimaryoutput
device._____
onwillflowthroughaconductorfromthepositiveterminalto
thenegativeterminal._____
mple,iftheeffectivevalueis110V,thepeakvalueis220V.
_____
ductorcutsthroughlinesofflux,thevoltageintheconductor
iscaud._____
eraconductorcutsthroughlinesoffluxavoltageisinduced
tageisCEMF(CounterElectromotiveForce).
_____
trollerisaveryufulcontrollerinindustry._____
alcomputercontrolledsystemisonlydesignedfordiscrete
variable._____
ogrammerstodayprefertouhigh-levellanguages,suchas
C++,Java,COBOL,andVisualBasic._____
utdevice,suchasakeyboardormou,gathersinputand
transformsitintoariesofelectronicsignalsforthecomputer.
_____
reecapacitorsconnectedinparallel,
12
1/1/1/1/
totaln
CCCC
._____
aalternatingcurrentisusuallygeneratedat60Hz._____
三.基本词汇的英汉互译。
1.电能转换器______________
2.___________loadresistance
3.理想电压源______________
4.______________internalresistance
5.转子______________
6.______________miconductor
7.运算放大器______________
8.______________distributedwinding
9.同步发电机______________
10.______________reactivepowercompensation
11.____________ratedarmaturecurrent
12.理想电源____________
13.____________circuitparameters
14.周期电流____________
15.____________negativefeedback
16.直轴____________
17.有功电流分量____________
18.____________reactivecurrentcurrent
19.电网____________
20.____________digitalrelays
21.运算放大器______________
22.______________distributedwinding
23.同步发电机______________
24.______________reactivepowercompensation
25.电能转换器______________
26.___________loadresistance
27.理想电压源______________
28.______________internalresistance
29.转子______________
30.______________miconductor
四.根据电气工程基本知识,完成填空。
orsare_____elements.
entsources
istanceofthe
heateris_____.
A.1200ΩB.120ΩC.12ΩD.1.2Ω
ebraicsumofallvoltagesaroundaloopis_____.
nitevalue
oltagedrops
-OFFinformationcanbereprentedby_____signal.
og
ol
cessquantizingthecontinuousvaluesintoabinaryscaleis
called_____.
l-to-analogconversion
l-to-digitalconversion
-to-digitalconversion
-to-analogconversion
eapplicationofoperationalamplifiersliesinadvantageof
using_____.
vefeedbacknetworks
pen-circuitgain
vefeedbacknetworks
utputimpedance
inductionmotorwith10polesissuppliedby50Hzthree-pha
acpowersource,thesynchronousrevolutionsperminuteis_____.
(Synchronousr/min=120f/p)
A.1000B.900C.700D.600
ctricmachinethatoperatesatspeedsabovesynchronousspeed
worksin_____region.
ng
formerisadevicethatcanconvertoneacvoltagetoanother
acvoltagethroughtheactionof_____.
ticfield
ingcircuit
marywindingisconnectedto_____.
d
or
lossare_____lossintheprimaryandcondarywindings
ofthetransformercore.
ve
12._____canprovideanasynchronouslinkbetweentwoacelectricpower
systemwithdifferentnominalfrequencies.
C(highvoltageDC)transmission
(extra-highvoltage)ACtransmission
tors
eratorvoltagesareusuallysteppeduptothetransmission
voltagelevelby_____.
elreactors
-downtransformers
ectiveoftheoptimaleconomicoperationofpowersystemsis
_____.
mizethetotalproductioncost
tainfrequencyconstant
tainvoltagesconstant
rebalancebetweengenerationandload
tectionschemeconsistsbasicallyof_____.
lements
ements
tectiveschemethatnszeroquencecurrentandoperates
asnecessaryiscalledas_____.
quenceprotection
ionalprotection
tanceprotectionisappliedtoprotect_____.
tors
rmalenergyofthesteamisconvertedinto_____energybythe
turbine.
ial
19._____isudascoolantinlight-waterreactors.
ormof_____theoutputiscontinuouslyfedbackandcompared
withthereferenceinput.
tinuouscontrol
d-datacontrol
ralltransferfunctionistheratioofthetransformofthe
controlledvariabletothetransformof_____.
erenceinput
putvariable
tem’scharacteristicequationcanbeudtodetermine_____
ofalineartime-invariantsystem.
udeofthesteady-stateerror
ervability
oot-locusmethodtheactualtimeresponofasystemcanbe
obtainedbymeansof_____.
erLaplacetransform
lacetransform
k(降压式变换器)isa_____converter.
tstep-down
ance
sktopcomputersuaparate_____asadisplaydevice,where
notebookcomputersuaflatpanelLCDscreen(liquidcrystaldisplay
screen)thatattachedtothesystemunit.
sk
opcomputer’ssoundcardndssignalstoexternal_____.
rd
oredinRAM_____whenthepowerofthecomputeristurnedoff.
entlydisappears
arilydisappears
ebookcomputersu_____asstandarddisplayequipment.
en
larityonacomputerscreenismeasuredwith_____.
epth
30._____thatconnectsatleasttwonetworksmakesdecisionaboutthe
bestroutefordata.
r(路由
器)
orsare_____elements.
entsources
istanceofthe
heateris_____.
A.1200ΩB.120ΩC.12ΩD.1.2Ω
ebraicsumofallvoltagesaroundaloopis_____.
nitevalue
oltagedrops
-OFFinformationcanbereprentedby_____signal.
og
ol
hAmerican_____isadoptedasstandardfrequencyinelectric
powersystem.
A.25HzB.50HzC.60HzD.125Hz
36._____canprovideanasynchronouslinkbetweentwoacelectricpower
systemwithdifferentnominalfrequencies.
C(highvoltageDC)transmission
(extra-highvoltage)ACtransmission
istribution
tors
eratorvoltagesareusuallysteppeduptothetransmission
voltagelevelby_____.
elreactors
-downtransformers
/Aisadevicethatcanconvertadigitalsignaltotheequivalent
_____.
calform
form
cisionofADC(analog-to-digitalconversion)isdetermined
by_____.
n
uracyofthereferencevoltage
berofbinarybits
inductionmotorwith10polesissuppliedby50Hzthree-pha
acpowersource,thesynchronousrevolutionsperminuteis_____.
(Synchronousr/min=120f/p)
A.1000B.900C.700D.600
terprinteris_____devicethatproducescomputer-generated
textorgraphicalimagesonpaper.
ut
rocessing
42._____carriesdataouttospeakersandheadphones,orbackfroma
microphone.
card
ter’smicroprocessoronlyunderstands_____inbinaryform.
elanguage
lylanguage
belongsto_____.
-levelprogramminglanguage
-levelprogramminglanguage
amminglanguageconnectedwiththecomputerhardwarebehavior
mblylanguage
ydiskdriveis_____devicethatreadsdatafromandwrites
datatofloppydisks.
ut
rocessing
l-firedpowerplant,anelectrostaticprecipitatorisud
toremove_____fromthecombustiongas.
articleB.
2
apour
neration(热电联产,热电联供)systems,theoverallenergy
efficienciesareraidby_____.
antthecombustionprocess
ingthermalenergytothecustomers
gthesteamtemperature
ng
2
SOemissions
ropoweriswellsuitedforswitchingaccordingto_____command
tomeetchangingpowerneeds.
mer’’s
tcher’ator’s
altransferfunctionfor
1
Gsand
2
Gsincascadeis_____.
A.
1
GsB.
2
GsC.
12
GsGsD.
12
GsGs
tem’scharacteristicequationcanbeudtodetermine_____
ofalineartime-invariantsystem.
udeofthesteady-stateerror
ervability
k(降压式变换器)isa_____converter.
tstep-down
ance
encyresponisafunctionofthevariable_____.
.
j
.t
toflogarithmofthemagnitudeofatransferfunctionis
_____.
s
-DCconverts_____inputto_____output.
current,alternatingcurrent
current,directcurrent
atingcurrent,alternatingcurrent
atingcurrent,alternatingcurrent
marywindingisconnectedto_____.
d
or
lossare_____lossintheprimaryandcondarywindings
ofthetransformercore.
tive
ve
ation
AA
resultsin_____.
ebookcomputersu_____asstandarddisplayequipment.
en
nsionslotisalong,narrowsocketonthemotherboardinto
whichyoucanplug_____.
card
off’off’sVoltage
nsformerisastraightforwardapplicationofFaraday’s
______Law.
’omagneticInduction
off’off’sVoltage
ebraicsumofallvoltagesaroundaloopis_____.
nitevalue
oltagedrops
-OFFinformationcanbereprentedby_____signal.
og
ol
orsare_____elements.
entsources
istanceofthe
heateris_____.
A.1200ΩB.120ΩC.12ΩD.1.2Ω
formerisadevicethatcanconvertoneacvoltagetoanother
acvoltagethroughtheactionof_____.
ticfield
ingcircuit
marywindingisconnectedto_____.
d
or
lossare_____lossintheprimaryandcondarywindings
ofthetransformercore.
ve
68._____canprovideanasynchronouslinkbetweentwoacelectricpower
systemwithdifferentnominalfrequencies.
C(highvoltageDC)transmission
(extra-highvoltage)ACtransmission
tors
eratorvoltagesareusuallysteppeduptothetransmission
voltagelevelby_____.
elreactors
-downtransformers
cessquantizingthecontinuousvaluesintoabinaryscaleis
called_____.
l-to-analogconversion
l-to-digitalconversion
-to-digitalconversion
-to-analogconversion
eapplicationofoperationalamplifiersliesinadvantageof
using_____.
vefeedbacknetworks
pen-circuitgain
vefeedbacknetworks
utputimpedance
inductionmotorwith10polesissuppliedby50Hzthree-pha
acpowersource,thesynchronousrevolutionsperminuteis_____.
(Synchronousr/min=120f/p)
A.1000B.900C.700D.600
ctricmachinethatoperatesatspeedsabovesynchronousspeed
worksin_____region.
ng
rmalenergyofthesteamisconvertedinto_____energybythe
turbine.
ial
75._____isudascoolantinlight-waterreactors.
ormof_____theoutputiscontinuouslyfedbackandcompared
withthereferenceinput.
tinuouscontrol
d-datacontrol
ralltransferfunctionistheratioofthetransformofthe
controlledvariabletothetransformof_____.
erenceinput
putvariable
tem’scharacteristicequationcanbeudtodetermine_____
ofalineartime-invariantsystem.
udeofthesteady-stateerror
ervability
oot-locusmethodtheactualtimeresponofasystemcanbe
obtainedbymeansof_____.
erLaplacetransform
lacetransform
ectiveoftheoptimaleconomicoperationofpowersystemsis
_____.
mizethetotalproductioncost
tainfrequencyconstant
tainvoltagesconstant
rebalancebetweengenerationandload
tectionschemeconsistsbasicallyof_____.
lements
ements
tectiveschemethatnszeroquencecurrentandoperates
asnecessaryiscalledas_____.
quenceprotection
ionalprotection
tanceprotectionisappliedtoprotect_____.
tors
ebookcomputersu_____asstandarddisplayequipment.
en
larityonacomputerscreenismeasuredwith_____.
epth
86._____thatconnectsatleasttwonetworksmakesdecisionaboutthe
bestroutefordata.
r(路由器)
k(降压式变换器)isa_____converter.
tstep-down
ance
sktopcomputersuaparate_____asadisplaydevice,where
notebookcomputersuaflatpanelLCDscreen(liquidcrystaldisplay
screen)thatattachedtothesystemunit.
sk
opcomputer’ssoundcardndssignalstoexternal_____.
rd
oredinRAM_____whenthepowerofthecomputeristurnedoff.
entlydisappears
arilydisappears
五.将下列短文翻译为中文。
ghthedirectcurrentisuful,ithasonegreatdisadvantage,
thatis,thereisnoeasy,economicalwaytoincreaordecreaits
specialdevice,itispossibletotransformahighvoltageintoalow
icethatweu
ernating
ice
whichcandothisisspokenofasarectifier.
sprobablytheonlytopicinelectronicsandtelecommunication
withwhicheveryonemustbefamiliar,nomatterwhathisorher
erprent,andlimitstheperformanceof
,themeasurementofitisverycontentious,
withalmosteverybodyhavingadifferentpetmethodofquantifyingitand
itffects.
ltowhichthevoltageisappliedisknownastheprimary,while
theonefromwhichtheinducedvoltageisobtainedisknownasthe
econdaryhasmoreturnsthantheprimary,the
transformeriscalledastep-uptransformerinwhichtheACvoltageof
thecondarywindingishigherthanthatappliedtotheprimarywinding.
Ifthecondaryhasfewerturnsthantheprimary,thetransformeris
calledastep-downtransformerinwhichtheACvoltageofthecondary
l-built
transformertheproductofthecondaryvoltagemultipliedbythe
condarycurrentisalmostequaltotheproductoftheprimaryvoltage
timestheprimarycurrent.
sprobablytheonlytopicinelectronicsandtelecommunication
withwhicheveryonemustbefamiliar,nomatterwhathisorher
erprent,andlimitstheperformanceof
,themeasurementofitisverycontentious,
withalmosteverybodyhavingadifferentpetmethodofquantifyingitand
itffects.
retwokindsofcurrent:directcurrent(DC)andalternating
current(AC).Adirectcurrentisacurrentflowinginaconductoralways
rnatingcurrentisacurrentperiodically
ctriccurrenttransmittedthrough
becauACiasy
tocontrolandmoreeconomicalwhenwetransmititoverlongdistances.
ectriccircuitornetworkwemeanacollectionofelectrical
devices(forexample,voltageandcurrentsources,resistors,inductors,
capacitors,transformers,amplifiers,andtransistors)thatare
ioususofsuchcircuits,though
important,d,ourprime
interestwillbewiththeprocessofdeterminingthebehaviorofagiven
circuit----whichisreferredtoasanalysis.
六.将下列句子翻译为英文。
1.同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸。
2.电力可通过远距离传输到用户。
3.如果开关接通,电流就流过线路。
4.通常用字母E表示电动势。
5.电磁波传播的速度和光一样。
6.我们将大规模发展电力工业。
7.这台发动机一直运转良好。
8.电流在电路中流动的速度是非常快的。
9.如果使用变压器,低电压的电力就能转换成高电压的电力。
10.这一现象我们称之为电磁感应。
11.我们把这些物质称为导体。
12.有两种不同的电荷:正电荷和负电荷。
13.电流会使导线发热。
14.电使得收音机工作。
15.铜允许电流容易地流过它。
答案
一.
olt
m
ator(tor)llel15.
m
olt
二.
1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T10.F
11.F12.F13.F14.T15.F16.F17.T18.F19.T20.F
21.T22.F23.T24.T25.T26.F27.T28.F29.F30.F
三.
converter2.负载电阻oltagesource4.内阻
6.半导体ionalamplifier
8.分布绕组onousgenerators10.无功补偿器
11.额定电枢电流ource13.电路参数iccurrent
15.负反馈currentcomponent
18.无功电流分量etworks20.数字继电器
ionalamplifier22.分布绕组onousgenerators
24.无功补偿器converter26.负载电阻
oltagesource28.内阻30.半导体
四.
1.A2.C3.A4.A5.C6.C7.D8.B9.B10.A
11.C12.A13.C14.A15.A16.B17.C18.B19.D20.A
21.B22.A23.B24.C25.C26.B27.B28.B29.B30.D
31.A32.C33.A34.A35.C36.A37.C38.D39.D40.
D41.B42.D43.B44.B45.C46.A47.B48.C49.C50.A
51.C52.B53.C54.B55.A56.C57.B58.B59.A60.B
61.A62.A63.A64.C65.B66.A67.C68.A69.C70.C
71.C72.D73.B74.B75.D76.A77.B18.A79.B80.A
81.A82.B83.C84.B85.B86.D87.C88.C89.B90.B
五.
1.虽然直流电是有用的,但它有一个突出的缺点,也就是没有简单而经济的方法来提高或
降低它的电压。而交流电则没有这一缺点。如果使用一种专门的设备,我们就能够把高压
变成低压或把低压变成高压。我们用来改变电压的这种设备叫做变压器。交流电也能容易
地被改变成直流电。能够做到这一点的器件就称为整流器。
2.噪声也许是电子学和电讯工程中每个人必须熟悉的唯一论题,而不管其专业是什么。噪
声总是存在的,它限制了事实上每个系统的性能。同时,对噪声的测量是十分有争议的,
几乎每个人都有一种对噪声及其效应进行量化的不同的最得意的方法。
3.外加有电压的线圈被称为初级,而从中获得感应电压的线圈被称为次级。如果次级的匝
数比初级多,则变压器就称为升压变压器,在这种变压器中次级绕组的交变电压高于加给
初级绕组的电压。如果次级的匝数少于初级,则变压器称为降压变压器,在这种变压器中,
次级绕组的交变电压低于加给初级绕组的电压。在绕制得很好的变压器中,次级电压乘以
次级电流的乘积几乎等于初级电压乘以初级电流的乘积。
4.噪声也许是电子学和电讯工程中每个人必须熟悉的唯一论题,而不管其专业是什么。噪
声总是存在的,它限制了事实上每个系统的性能。同时,对噪声的测量是十分有争议的,
几乎每个人都有一种对噪声及其效应进行量化的不同的最得意的方法。
5.电流有两种:一种是直流电(DC),一种是交流电(AC)。直流电是在导体中总是朝一
个方向流动的电流。交流电则是周期性地改变其流动方向的一种电流。通过输电线输送的
是电流是交流电,这是因为交流电易于控制,且当我们把它输送到远方时比较经济。
6.所谓电路或网络,我们指的是一堆按某种方式相互连接在一起的电器件(例如电压源和
电流源、电阻器、电感器、电容器、变压器、放大器和晶体管)。这种电路的各种用途虽然
重要,但并不是本书主要关心的事。而我们的主要兴趣将是在确定某一特定电路的性能这
一过程(这称为“分析”)方面。
六.
argesrepel,unlikechargesattract.
icpowercanbetransmittedoverlongdistancetours.
ctriccurrentflowsthroughthecircuitwiththeswitchon.
terEiscommonlyudforelectromotiveforce.
omagneticwavestravelasfastaslight.
ldeveloptheelectricpowerindustryinaway.
inehasgivenaconstantlygoodperformance.
edatwhichcurrentflowsincircuitisverygreat.
transformer,poweratlowvoltagecanbetransformedintopowerathighvoltage.
enomenonwecallelectromagneticinduction.
thesubstancesconductors.
retwodifferentkindsofelectriccharges:positivechargesandnegativecharges.
rentcanmakethewirehot.
icitymakesaradioplay.
letstheelectriccurrentfloweasilythroughit.
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