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第二届专业英语文化艺术节

之“我爱记单词”词库

Botany植物学

Celltheory细胞学说cellmembrane细胞膜nucleus细胞核

Organelle细胞器cellwall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体

cellcycle细胞周期mitochondrion线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unitmembrane

单位膜chloroplast叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene

胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome核糖体lysosome溶酶体

microfilament微丝nuclearfission核分裂reproduction繁殖

primarywall初生壁condarywall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝

mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂

cytokinesis胞质分裂interpha间期propha前期

metapha中期anapha后期telopha末期tissue

组织pistil雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房

pollination传粉pollentube花粉管

porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生

殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis孤雌生殖

apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮

lifehistory生活史rootsystem根系mainroot主根

lateralroot侧根taprootsystem直根系fibrousrootsystem须根系

cortex皮层vascularcylinder维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem

ray木射线vascularray维管射线phloemray韧皮射线rootcap根冠

Casparianstrip凯氏带primaryxylem初生木质部primaryphloem初生韧皮部

vascularray维管射线xylemray木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem

ray韧皮射线embryo胚

homologousorgan同源器官analogousorgan同功器官endosperm胚乳

edcoat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽

hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠

edgermination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物

algae藻类blue-greenalgae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝

mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinoussheath胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heteroxual

cell异性细胞greenalgae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy异配生殖

anisogamy卵式生殖zygogamy接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍

体polyploid多倍体

carposporophyte孢子体brownalgae褐藻a-tangle海带

agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生

的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子

器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体

protonema原丝体bryophyta苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科

vascularplants微管植物aquaticplant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科

angiosperm被子植物endoplasmicreticulum内质网

vegetativereproduction营养繁殖intercellularlayer胞间层

phellogen&corkcambium木栓形成层axualreproduction无性繁殖

xualpropagation有性繁殖tetradynamousstamen四强雄蕊didynamous

stamen二强雄蕊monodelphousstamen单体雄蕊diadelphousstamen二体雄蕊

triadelphousstamen三体雄蕊polyadelphousstamens多体雄蕊synantherous

stamen聚药雄蕊

primarywallcells初生壁细胞vegetativecell营养细胞

malesterility雄性不育filiformapparatus丝状器meristem

zone分生区elongationzone伸长区

maturationzone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物

specificparasitism专性寄生specificsaprophyte专性腐生

facultativeparasitism兼性寄生facultativesaprophyte兼性腐生

xualgeneration有性世代axualgeneration无性世代

Zoology动物学

cell细胞prokaryoticcell原核细胞eukaryoticcell真核细胞

protein蛋白质nucleicacid核酸carbohydrate糖

lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物

cellcycle细胞周期pulmonaryalveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food

vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖

microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contractionsilk

收缩丝merogenesis卵裂blastocoele囊胚腔complete

cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynap突触

myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层

monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial

symmetry辐射对称nervenet神经网planula浮浪幼虫bilateralsymmetry两

侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubulecell管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节

acetabulum腹吸盘oralsucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pudocoel假

体腔cuticle角质膜

cloacalpore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管

restingegg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象

norgan感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismaticlayer壳层

nacreouslayer珍珠层veliger面盘幼虫glochidium钩介幼虫

adductor闭壳肌gmentation异律分节linearanimal线形动物

pericardialcavity围心腔cervicalvertebra颈椎sacralvertebra荐椎pulmonary

vein肺静脉precavalvein前腔静脉bladder气囊

middleear中耳tympanumcavity中耳腔amnion羊膜

neopallium新皮层lagena瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcavalvein后腔

静脉glandularstomach腺胃airsac气囊

saltgland盐腺scleroticring巩膜骨viviparity胎生

placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃

bursaoffabricius腔上囊masticatorystomach肌胃reticulum网胃

omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗

earthworm蚯蚓internalnaris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物

arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物

cellmembrane&plasmamembrane细胞膜epithelialtissue上皮组织connectivetissue

结缔组织cartilagetissue软骨组织

osoustissue骨组织musculartissue肌肉组织

cardiacmuscle心肌intercalateddisc闰盘

Nissl'sbody尼氏小体colony&group群体

meroblasticcleavage不完全卵裂colonialtheory群体说

gastrovascularcavity消化循环腔musclesystem肌肉体系

excretorysystem排泄系统reproductivesystem生殖系统

digestivesystem消化系统archinephricduct原肾管

basallamina&basalmembrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精lf-fertilization

自体受精finalhost终寄主

firstintermidatehost第一中间寄主micircularcanal半规管

condintermediatehost第二中间寄主

Genetics遗传学

heredity遗传variation变异gene基因pisum

sativum豌豆gregation分离gamete生殖细胞

zygote合子allele等位基因genotype基因型

phenotype表现型testcross测交oryzasativa水稻

diploid二倍体haploid单倍体centromere着丝粒

satellite随体linker连丝mitosis有丝分裂

mesoblast中胚层spindle纺锤体interpha间期

spindlefiber纺锤丝viciafaba蚕豆nucleoplasm核质

spermatogenous精原细胞oogonium卵原细胞spermatid精细胞

Phenocopy拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型

gameticlethal配子致死zygoticlethal合子致死autosome常染色体

dominantlethal显性致死carrier携带者homozygote纯合体

heterozygote杂合体genotype基因型phenotype表现型

linkagegroup连锁群interference干涉coincidence并发率geneticmap

遗传学图wildtype野生型mutation突变heterokaryon异核体

auxotroph营养缺陷型strain菌株

recipient受体donor供体fragment片段induction

诱导prophage原噬菌体transduction转导

Mendel’slaws孟德尔定律lawofgregation分离定律

firstfilialgeneration子一代parentalgeneration亲代

dominantcharacter显性性状recessivecharacter隐性性状

hereditarydeterminant遗传因子parentalcombination亲组合recombination重

组合punnettsquare棋盘法

Mendeliancharacter孟德尔性状primaryconstriction初级缢痕

condaryconstriction次级缢痕nucleolarorganizer核仁形成区

firstpolarbody第一极体condpolarbody第二极体

sisterchromatids姐妹染色单体femalegameticnucleus卵核

multiplealleles复等位基因x-chromosome性染色体

x-linkedinheritance伴性遗传primaryconstriction初级缢痕

condaryconstriction次级缢痕complementarygene互补基因

homologouschromosome同源染色体sisterchromatids姐妹染色单体

condaryoocyte次级卵母细胞three-pointtestcross三点测交

primaryspermatocyte初级精母细胞

condaryspermatocyte次级精母细胞

firstdivisiongregation第一次分裂分离

conddivisiongregation第二次分裂分离

lawofindependentassortment自由组合定律

Biochemistry生物化学

esntialelement必需元素traceelements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino

acid氨基酸primarystructure一级结构randomcoil无规卷曲structuraldomain结构

域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤

guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶

nucleoside核苷nucleotide核苷酸bapairing碱基配对bapair碱基对数

ba碱基数gyra旋转酶nucleosome核小体

complementaryDNA互补DNAplasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive

quence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子

variableloop可变环ribonuclea核糖核酸酶renaturation复性

hyperchromiceffect增色效应bastackingforce碱基堆积力annealing退火

melting-outtemperature熔解温度hypochromiceffect减色效应malto麦芽糖

sucro蔗糖lacto乳糖starch淀粉

glycogen糖原cellulo纤维素cellula纤维素酶lectivity选

择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子

coenzyme辅酶oxida氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同

化作用catabolism异化作用

metabolite代谢产物biologicaloxidation生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone

鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycinA抗霉素A

cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇

citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate顺乌头酸succinicacid琥珀酸oxaloacetic

acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylatecycle乙醛酸

循环malate苹果酸fattyacid脂肪酸

carbonunit一碳单位replicon复制子coreenzyme核心酶primosome引

发体Okazakifragment冈崎片段leadingchain前导链laggingstrand后随链

terminator终止子telomere端粒telomera端粒酶replicationfork复制

叉vector载体

promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子

codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素

citricacidcycle柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用ureacycle尿素循环

euchromatin常染色质mesngerRNA信使RNA

transferRNA转移RNAribosomeRNA核糖体RNA

metabolicregulation代谢调节feedbackregulation反馈调节structuralgene结构

基因promotergene启动基因

operatorgene操纵基因regulatorgene调节基因

terminationfactor终止因子tripletcode三联体密码

initiatorcodon起始密码terminationcodon终止密码miconrvative

replication半保留复制ornithinecycle鸟氨酸循环

ketogenicaminoacid生酮氨基酸glucogenicaminoacid生糖氨基酸

oxidativedeamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用

revertranscription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用

midiscontinuousreplication半不连续复制revertranscripta逆转录酶

misnmutation错义突变synonymousmutation同义突变

neutralmutation中性突变nonnmutation无义突变

phosphatidicacid磷脂酸esntialaminoacids必需氨基酸

dihydrouracilloop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodonloop反密码子环

double-strandcircularDNA双链环形DNAsuperhelicalDNA超螺旋DNA

opencircularDNA开环DNAlinearDNA线形DNA

bastackingforce碱基堆积力condarystructure二级结构

super-condarystructure超二级结构tertiarystructure三级结构

quaternarystructure四级结构negativesupercoilDNA负超螺旋DNA

positivesupercoilDNA正超螺旋DNA

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸

glucogenicandketogenicaminoacid生糖兼生酮氨基酸

restrictionendonuclea限制性内切酶

polymerachainreaction聚合酶链反应

Microbiology微生物学

livingcreatures生物culturemedium培养基lawn菌苔

cultureplate培养平板bacteria细菌archaea古生菌eukaryote

真核生物prokaryote原核生物protozoan原生动物

hypha菌丝mycoplasma支原体yeast酵母菌plasmolysis质

壁分离EscherichiaColi大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan肽聚糖

mucopeptide黏肽outermembrane外膜chromosome染色体

nucleolus核仁nucleoid拟核

chromatin染色质centromere着丝粒telomere端粒protoplast原

生质体mycoplasma支原体glycoprotein糖蛋白

mesosome间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid

拟核glycocalyx糖被capsule荚膜

flagellum鞭毛lysosome溶酶体chloroplast叶绿体thylakoid

类囊体inorganicsalt无机盐peptone蛋白胨

sulfurbacteria硫细菌beefextract牛肉膏vitamin维生素inclusion

body内含物lithotroph无机营养型medium培养基

agar琼脂organotroph有机营养型antiport逆向运输

activetransport主动运输pinocytosis胞饮作用catabolism分解代谢passive

transport被动运输uniport单向运输anabolism合成代谢fermentation发酵

batchculture分批培养logpha对数生长期

stationarypha稳定生长期lagpha迟缓期declinepha衰亡期

aerobe好氧菌antibiotic抗生素antigenome反基因组

transformation转化genome基因组plasmid质粒transformingfactor

转化因子diploid二倍体haploid单倍体

transposableelement转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype表型

genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition

转换transversion颠换

spontaneousmutation自发突变revermutation回复突变xduction性导transduction

转导promoter启动子operon操纵子

recombinationrepair重组修复repressor阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物

clone克隆denaturation变性annealing退火extension延伸

cloningvector克隆载体replicon复制子

telomere端粒cohesiveend黏性末端promoter启动子terminator终

止子genetherapy基因治疗phylogeny系统发育

ammonification氨化作用nitrification硝化作用denitrification反硝化

作用expressionvector表达载体

aerobicrespiration有氧呼吸anaerobicrespiration无氧呼吸

originofreplication复制起始点incompatibility不亲和性genemutation基因

突变synonymousmutation同义突变

chromosomalaberration染色体畸变misnmutation错义突变frame-shift

mutation移码突变lactooperon乳糖操纵子

negativetranscriptioncontrol负转录调控tryptophanoperon色氨酸操纵子

cytoplasmicinheritance细胞质遗传geneticengineering基因工程

recombinantDNAtechnology重组DNA技术palindromicstructure回文结构

spreadplatemethod涂布平板法pourplatemethod倾注培养法streak

platemethod平板划线法shaketubemethod稀释摇管法

continuousculture连续培养