。
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(regretted,regretting)后悔
l(controlled,controlling)控制
(admitted,admitting)承认
(occurred,occurring)出现
(preferred,preferring)宁愿
(referred,referring)提到
(forgetting)忘记
(permitted,permitting)允许
(equipped,equipping)
原型过去式
A
ari—aro
awake—awoke/awakened
B
bear—bore
beat—beat
become—became
begin—began
bend—bent
bite—bit
blow—blew
break—broke
breed—bred
bring—brought
build—built
burn—burnt/burned
burst—burst
buy—bought
C
cast—cast
catch—caught
choo—cho
come—came
cost—cost
creep—crept
cut—cut
D
deal—dealt
dig—dug
do—did
draw—drew
dream—dreamt/dreamed
drink—drank
drive—drove
E
eat—ate
F
fall—fell
feed—fed
feel—felt
fight—fought
find—found
fly—flew
forbid—forbade
forget—forgot
G
get—got
give—gave
go—went
grow—grew
H
have—had
hear—heard
hide—hid
hit—hit
hold—held
hurt—hurt
I
Input—input
Int—int
K
keep—kept
know—knew
L
lay—laid
lead—led
learn—learned/learnt
leave—left
lend—lent
。
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letlet
lie—lay
lo—lost
M
make—made
mean—meant
meet—met
mistake—mistook
misunderstand—misunderstood
O
overe—oversaw
oversleep—overslept
P
pay—paid
prove—proved
put—put
Q
quit—quit/quitted
R
read—read
rid—rid
ride—rode
ring—rang
ri—ro
run—ran
S
say—said
e—saw
ek—sought
ll—sold
nd—nt
t—t
shoot—shot
show—showed
sing—sang
sit—sat
sleep—slept
smell—smelled/smelt
speak—spoke
spell—spelled/spelt
spend—spent
spread—spread
stand—stood
steal—stole
swim—swam
swing—swung
T
take—took
teach—taught
tear—tore
tell—told
think—thought
throw—threw
U
understand—understood
undertake—undertook
W
wake—woke/waked
wear—wore
weep—wept
win—won
wind—wound
withdraw—withdrew
write—wrote
。
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规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:
1.直接在词尾加-ed。如:want—wanted,work—worked,need—needed,
clean—cleaned
2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked,live—lived,u—ud,
move—moved
3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,
再加-ed。如:stop—stopped,trip—tripped
4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied,
carry—carried,hurry—hurried,marry—married
大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat
2.以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built,lend—lent,nd—nt,
spend—spent
3.以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt
4.以ow/aw结尾的词,把ow/aw变成ew。如:blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,
grow—grew
5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,
feel—felt,smell—smelt
6.含有元音字母o/i的词,将o/i变成a。如:sing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,
drink—drank
常见的不规则动词过去式、过去分词
(一)
(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费)----cost----costshut(关上)----shut----shut
cut(割)----cut----cutread(读)----read----read[e]
hit(打)----hit----hithurt伤害)----hurt----hurt
let(让)----let----letput(放)----put----put
(2)AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动)----beat----beaten
(3)ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成)----became----becomecome(来)----came----come
run(跑)----ran----run
(4)ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖)----dug----dug
build(修建)----built----built
get(得到)----got----got/gotten
catch(抓住)----caught----caught
。
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hang(吊死)----hanged----hanged
deal(处理)----dealt----dealt
hang(悬挂)----hung----hung
feed(喂养)----fed----fed
hold(抓住)----held----held
find(找到)----found----found
shine(照耀)----shone----shone
sit(坐)----sat----sat
Pay(付款)----paid----paid
win(赢)----won----won
nd(发送)----nt----nt
meet(遇见)----met----met
shoot(射击)----shot----shot
keep(保持)----kept----kept
tell(告诉)----told----told
sleep(睡)----slept----slept
win(获胜)----won----won
sweep(扫)----swept----swept
feel(感觉)----felt----felt
leave(离开)----left----left
build(建设)----built----built
stand(站)----stood----stood
lend(借出)----lent----lent
nd(传送)----nt----nt
spend(花费)----spent----spent
lo(丢失)----lost----lost
burn(燃烧)----burnt----burnt
learn(学习)----learnt----learnt
mean(意思是)----meant----meant
catch(抓住)----caught----caught
teach(教)----taught----taught
bring(带来)----brought----brought
fight(战斗)----fought----fought
buy(买)----bought----bought
think(想)----thought----thought
hear(听见)----heard----heard
ll(卖)----sold----sold
tell(告诉)----told----told
say(说)----said----said
find(找到)----found----found
have/has(有)----had----had
make(制造)----made----made
smell(闻)----smelt/smelled----smelt/smelled
understand明白----understood----understood
dream(梦想—dreamt/dreamed—dreamt/dreamed
(5)ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始)----began----begundrink(喝)----drank----drunk
ring(铃响)----rang----rungsing(唱)----sang----sung
do(做)----did----doneswim(游泳)----swam----swum
go(去)----went----goneeat(吃)——ate——eaten
lie(平躺)——lay——lainfly(飞)----flew----flown
lay(放置)----laid----laidlie(撒谎)----lied----lied
lie(躺)----lay----lainblow(吹)——blew——blown
draw(画)——drew——drawngrow(生长)——grew——grown
know(知道)——knew——knownthrow(投掷)——threw——thrown
show(出示)——showed——shownbreak(打破)——broke——broken
choo(选择)——cho——chonforget(忘记)——forgot——forgotten
speak(说讲)——spoke——spokenwake(醒)——woke——woke
。
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drive(驾驶)——drove——drivenfall(落下)——fell——fallen
give(给)——gave——givenri(升高)——ro——rin
take(带走)——took——takenmistake(误解)——mistook——mistaken
ride(骑)——rode——ridden(双写d)hide(隐藏)----hid----hidden(双写d)
write(写)——wrote——written(双写t)go(去)——went——gone
do(做)——did——donebeat(打败)----beat----beaten
lie(平躺)——lay——laine(看见)——saw——en
wear(穿)——wore——wornbe(am,is,are)——was,were——been
(6)ABAn型(动词过去分词在原形后加n/en)
blow(吹)----blew----blown
grow(生长)----grew----grown
throw(扔;掷)----threw----thrown
ride(骑)----rode----ridden(双写d)
drive(驾驶)----drove----driven
ri(升起)---ro---rin
write(写)---wrote---written(双写t)
know(知道)---knew---known
give-(给)---gave----given
See(看见)----saw----en
take(带走)---took----taken
shake(摇动)----shook----shaken
eat(吃)----ate----eaten
fall(落下)----fell----fallen
mistake(误解)----mistook-----mistaken
(6)ABBn型(动词过去分词在过去式后加n/en)
speak(讲)----spoke----spoken
steal(偷)----stole----stolen
break(打破)----broke----broken
wake(醒来)----woke----woken
freeze-(结冰)---froze----frozen
wear(穿)----wore----worn
choo(选择)----cho----chon
forget(忘记)----forgot----forgotten(双
写t)
。
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(7)只有过去式的动词
can----couldmay---mightwill---wouldshall---shouldmust----must
(二)
A.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
cost----cost----costcut----cut----cutput----put----put
let----let----lett----t----thit----hit----hit
shut----shut----shuthurt---hurt----hurtread---read----read读音
/e/
B.过去式与过去分词完全相同
1.过去式和过去分词中含有ought,aught,读音是[ɔ:t]
bright----brought----broughtthink----thought----thoughtbuy----bought---
-bought
catch----caught----caughtteach----taught----taught
2.动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。如:
get----got----gotll----sold----soldtell----told----told
3.动词原形中i为a,sit----sat----satspit----spat----spat
4.动词原形中i为o,win----won----won
shine----shone/shined----shone/shined
5.动词原形中an为oo,
stand----stood---stoodunderstand----understood----understood
6.动词原形中的ay为
ai,…say----said----saidpay----paid----paid
7.a)动词原形中的d为
t,…nd----nt----ntlend----lent----lent
spend----spent----spentbuild----built----built
b)动词原形最后一个字母改为t,
smell----smelt----smeltlo----lost----lost
c)动词原形后加
t,…learn----learnt----learntmean----meant----meant/e/
d)动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e,然后在词尾加t.字母e发音/e/
feel----felt----feltsleep----slept----slept
sweep---swept----sweptkeep----kept-----kept
其它
meet----met----methave----had----hadhold----held----held
make----made----madedig----dug----dughear----heard----he
ard
find----found----foundhang----hung----hunglay---lain躺下,
位于
。
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lie---lied---lied说谎lay---laid---laid放置,下蛋
C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----comerun----ran----runbecome----became----beco
me
D.原形、过去式和过去分词完全不同
1.把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.
begin----began
-----begundrink---drank----drunkring----rang-----rung
swim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung
2.把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.
blow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownknow---knew---known
throw----threw----thrownfly----flew/flu:/----flown(和以上相
似)
3.以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.
a)把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.
drive----drove----drivenri---ro---rinwrite---wrote---writt
en(双写t)
ride----rode----ridden(双写d)
b)把动词原形中ea改为o,在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成
过去分词.
speak----spoke----spokensteal----stole----stolenbreak----broke----br
oken
c)把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式,在过去式后加n
变成过去分词.wake----woke----wokenfreeze----froze----frozen
choo----cho----chonforget----forgot----forgotten(双写t,加
en)
d)其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
eat----ate----eatenbeat----beat----
beatenfall----fell----fallen
give----gave----givene----saw----entake----took----t
aken
mistake----mistook-----mistakenhide----hid----hidden(双写d)
其它
am,is----was-----beenare-----were-----been
do-----did-----donedraw-----drew-----drawn/ɔ:/
go-----went-----goneshow----showed----shown
wear---wore----worn
。
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