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状语从句

状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结

果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。

一、时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,

since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。时间状语从句

中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。

1．When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。

1)When

Eg:WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.

注意点：

when从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词时，从句主语和be

可以省略。

Eg:When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.

2)As

As除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”

Eg:Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)

Youwillgrowwirasyougrowolder.(随着)

3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一

般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。

Eg:Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.

While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfud.

注意点：

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while有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。

eg:Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.

2．until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定

句中主句常用短暂性动词。

肯定句：Iwaiteduntilmidnight.

否定句：Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.

注意点：

1）notuntil…在句首，主句用倒装

eg:NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.

2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句

Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.

ute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”

eg:Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.

注意点：

theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连

用。

4．Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”

eg:Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.

注意点：Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装

eg:HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

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NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.

二条件状语从句

条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句

的连词有：if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofar

as,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将

来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。

和if…not

unless相当于if…not

eg:Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.

Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.

注意点：

在虚拟条件句中可用if…not，但不能用unless

eg:Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.

2．引导条件状语从句的其它连词：

Eg:Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.

Eg:Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.

Eg:Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.

三让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词有：

though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatter

who等。

1．though,although不可与but连用，但可以和yet,still连用.

Eg:Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.

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注意点：

1）though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装)，结构为：

强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）

或状语（副词），表语为名词时，前面不用冠词。

Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.

Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.

2）despite和inspiteof也有让步意义，后接名词或动词，而though,

although是连词，后接从句。

Eg:Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoehimagain,sherefudtoreplytohis

letter.

Though/althoughshewantedtoehimagain,sherefudtoreplytohisletter.

2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”

eg:Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.

Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.

注意点：nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句

/though表示“即使”

eg:Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.

四原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的连词有：becau,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,

forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等

1．becau

becau语气最强，通常用于回答why提出的问题

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注意点：

在itwas…that…的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用becau引导，不用

since,as,for引导。Eg:Itisbecausheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknow

howtodealwiththesituation.

和as

since的语气比becau弱，比as强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结

果，表示“既然，由于”。

Eg:As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.

3．for

当for表示原因关系时，for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。

Eg:Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.

五目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat,inorderthat,lest,inca,forfearthat

等。

Eg:Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.

Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.

Bettertakemoreclothesincatheweatheriscold.

注意点：lest,inca,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中，动词可以用虚拟语

气，形式为should+动词原形，也可不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般

过去时。

Eg:Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaoneofusshouldthink

of/thinksofcomingback.六结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat,so…that,such…that等

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eg:Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.

Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.

1．常用句型：

so+形容词/副词+that从句

so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句

such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句

2．so和such的搭配规律

such修饰名词或名词词组，so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,

much,little等。

Eg:sofoolishsuchafool

soniceaflowersuchaniceflower

somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers

somuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogress

somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople

七比较状语从句

引导比较状语从句的连词有：as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等

如：

HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)

Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)

Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.

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Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.

连接词than可作为关系代词用。如：

Hewrotemorethanwasnecessary

Don’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded

八地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词有:where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等

eg:Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.

WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.

注意点：

eg:IhappenedtoeyourdictionaryliewhereIuditlasttime.（地点状语从

句）

IhappenedtoeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuditlasttime.（定语

从句）九方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though（一般用虚拟语气，

也有用直陈语气的）等。

EG：Justdoasyouaretold.

Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.

Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.

在justas---,so---结构中，as带有比喻含义。意为“正如”，多用于正式文

体。

EG：Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.

theway也可引导方式状语从句。

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EG：youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.

基础题

'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.

'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.

3._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.

ed_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.

5._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.

'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?

r

tnearer_____Imayeitbetter.

arriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.

istenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.

ough

oplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.

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11._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.

gh

_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.

;;eof;;wherever

ldwas__immediatelyaftersupper.

edtogotobed

red,hewenttobed

toryofnursing__thehistoryofman.

das

15._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNew

York.

gh

16._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardly

visible.

eof

lywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.

18._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.

er

stood_____therehadbeenarock.

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_____itis,thepenisamostufultool.

henewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____

tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

anyas

nointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.

r;eap;notasbetter

r;eap;notasgood

aysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.

as

ghheisconsideredagreatwriter,

worksarenotwidelyread

isworksarenotwidelyread

25.___thedaywenton,theweathergotwor.

26.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—'syears_____Ienjoyedmylfsomuch.

ot_____shetookoffherdarkglass_____Irealizedshewasa

;;;;then

rkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatit

is.

er

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hewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeen

30._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.

rheislate

rlateheis

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提高题

1.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?

—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,aandbeach.（2008全国I

卷）rthat

2.-----Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.

-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.（2008安徽卷）

ime

neighboradmirethisfamily_________theparentsaretreatingtheir

childlikeafriend.

（2008xx卷）

njoyedherlfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylast

year.（2008福建卷）

5._____’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoo

muchtimeonit.（2008湖南卷）

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ditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiyesightwasbeginningto

fail.（2008山东卷）

’dbetternotleavethemedicine______kidscangetatit.（2008山东卷）

8.______hungryIam,Ineveremtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.

（2008辽宁卷）r

olovethatfilm______Iwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayany

more.（2008辽宁卷）

gh

carisbigenoughforafamilyofthree____youneedmorespacefor

baggage.(2008

全国II)

eresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.(四川卷)

’tpromianything______youareonehundredpercentsure.（2008浙

江卷）

13.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?（2008北京卷）

—Ididn’tneedto____I’llehimtomorrow.

e

14.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____Brian

getback.（2008北京卷）

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’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit’sverycold.

（2008天津卷）

16.---AreyoureadyforSpain？(2008上海卷)

--Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat___theyareyoung.

17.___wellpreparedyouare,youstillneedalotofluckinmountainclimbing.

(2008上海卷)gh

18.____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.[2007全国卷

II]

icissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaveninfluenced

ourlanguage.

[2007上海卷]

ailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenot

managedcarefully.[2007上海卷]

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