properly

Amplification,alsocalledaddition,meanssupplyingnecessarywordsinourtranslationon

terofprinciple,atranslatorisnot

sr,this

doesnotmeanthatatranslatorshouldrefrainfromsupplyingnecessarywordstomakehis/her

versionbothaccurateinmeaningandinkeepingwiththeidiomaticuofthelanguagetobe

,itisprecilyforthepurpoof“faithfulreprentation”ofthethoughtof

theauthorthatweoftenresortto“amplification”.ThisisbecauEnglishandChinearetwo

entirelydis,

manyideas,idiomaticexpressionsandshorthandwords,ewellunderstoodinthe

ore,itisunimaginablefora

translatortosticktotheorginalpatternwithoutalteration.

Ⅰ.AmplificationinEnglish-ChineTranslation

icationbySupplyingWordsOmittedintheOriginal

"ifsogrand,whysopoor?Ifsopoor,whysogrand?"“既然那么阔，干吗要叫穷？既

然那么穷，干吗摆阔气？”

·Mattercanbechangedintoenergy,andenergyintomatter.物质可以转化为能，能也可

以转化为物质。

·Thebeconductorhastheleastresistanceandthepoorestthegreatest.最好的导体电

阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。

·Intheevening,afterthebanquets,theconcertsandthetabletennixhibitions,hewould

workonthedraftingofthefinalcommunique.晚上在参加宴会﹑出席音乐会﹑观看兵乓

球表演以后，他还得起草最后公报。

icationbySupplyingNecessaryConnectives

·Heated,waterwillchangeintovapor.水如受热，就会汽化。

·Howevercarefullyboilercasingsandsteampipesarealed,someheatescapesandis

lost.不管锅炉壳于蒸汽管封闭得多么严密，还是有以部分热散失损耗掉。

·Sincearehasweight,itexertsforceonanyobjectimmerdinit.因为空气具有重量，所

以处在空气中的任何一物体都会受到空气的作用力。

icationbySupplyingWordstoConveytheConceptofPlurality

·Notethatthewords“velocity”and“speed”requireexplanation.请注意，“速度”和“速

率”这两个词需要解释。

·Therewererowsofhouswhichhehadneverenbefore.那一排排的房子都是他从

来没有见过的。

·Themountainsbegantothrowtheirlongblueshadowsoverthevalley.群山开始向山

谷投下一道道蔚蓝色长影。

icationbySupplyingWordstoMakeanAbstractConceptClear

·Oxidationwillmakeironandsteelrusty.氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。

·Thislackofresistanceinverycoldmetalsmaybecomeufulinelectroniccomputers.

这种在甚低温金属中没有电阻的现象可能对电子计算机很有用处。

·Afterallpreparationsweremade,theplanetookoff.一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就

起飞了。

icationforLogic

·Airpressuredecreswithaltitude.气压随海拔高度的增加而下降。

·Accordingtoscientists,ittakesnature500yearstocreateaninchoftopsoil.根据科学

家们的看法，自然界要用500年的时间才能形成一英寸厚的表层土壤。

·Thisshowsthattheresistanceofanelectricconductorisinverlyproportionaltoits

cross-ctionarea.这表明，导体电阻的大小于导体横切面的大小成反比。

icationbySupplyingWordsofGeneralization(概括性)

·TheAmericansandJapaneconductedacompletelycretexchangeofmessage.美日

双方在完全保密的情况下互相交换了信件。

·Thethesissummedupthenewachievementsmadeinelecroniccomputers,artificial

satellitesandrockets.论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭三方面的新成就。

·Theprincipalfunctionsthatmaybeperformedbycacuumtubesareretification,

amplification,oscilation,modulation,anddection.真空管的五大主要功能是：整流，放大，

振荡，调制和检波。

icationforPurposofRhetoric(修辞)orCoherence(连贯)

·Thistypewriterisindeedcheapandfine.这部打自己真是价廉物美。

·Yes,thefashion.不错，我喜欢

中国菜。现在很多人都喜欢中国菜，这种情况算是有点赶时髦吧！

·Ascientistconstantlytriedtodefeathishypothes,histheoriesandhisconclusions.科

学家经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自己的理论，并放弃自己的结论。

icationbyRepetition

·Avoidusingthiscomputerinextremecold,heat,dustorhumidity.不要在过冷，过热，

灰尘过重，湿度过大的情况下使用次电脑。

·Ihadexperiencedoxygenand/orenginetrouble.我曾经遇到的情况，不是氧气设备出

故障，就是隐情出故障，或者两者都出故障。

·Ignoranceisthemotheroffearaswellasofadmiration.无知是恐惧的根源，也是钦佩

的根源。

Ⅱ.AmplificationinChine–EnglishTranslation

NecessaryPronouns

·大作收到，十分高兴。Iwasverygladtohavereceivedyourwriting.

·没有调查研究就没有发言权。Hewhomakesnoinvestigationandstudyhasnoright

tospeak.

·交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。Beforehandinginyour

translation,youhavetoreaditoverandoveragainandeifthereisanyghinginittobe

correctedorimproved.

NecessaryArticles

·我们对问题要做全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。Wemustmakeacomprehensive

analysisofaproblembeforeitcanbeproperlysolved.

·耳朵是用来听声音的器官，鼻子用来嗅气味，舌头用来尝滋味。Theearistheorgan

gusisudfortasting.

NecessaryConnectives

·老师在等我，我得走了。Theteacherixpectingme,soImustbeoffnow.

·虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。Modestyhelpsonetogoforward,whereasconceit

makesonelagbehind.

·留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Solongasgreenhillsremain,therewillneverbeashortage

offirewood.

NecessaryPrepositions

·咱们校门口见吧。Let’smeetattheschllogate.

·你是白天工作还是夜间工作？Doyouworkinthedaytimeoratnight?

·该地区已没什么城乡差别。Thereislittledifferencebetweentowmandcountrysidein

thisregion.

NecessaryBackgroundWords

·三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。ThreecobblerswiththeirwitscombinedequalZhuge

Liamgthemasterming.

·别班门弄斧.Don’ttrytoshowoffyourproficiencywiththeaxbeforeLuBanthe

mastercarpenter.

·这真是俗话说的，“旁观者清”。Itisjustastheproverbgoes,“Theonlookeresmost

ofthegame.”

Reflection

Discussthefollowingquestions.

thefunctionofamplification?Andwhyisitneededintransltaion?

ethemajormeanmployedinamplification?

hinktheapplicationofthetechniqueofamplificationin

Chine-EnglisisjustthesameasinEnglish-Chinetranslation?Whyor

whynot?

ouldatranslatordoinusingthetechniqueofamplificationinpratical

translation?