2015考研英语一答案

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2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

SectionIUofEnglish:

Directions:

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C

orDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“related”asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%of

(1)astudy,publishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityin

theProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has(2).

Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted(3)1,932uniquesubjectswhich(4)

epeoplewereudinboth(5).

While1%mayem(6),sFowler,professorof

medicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,“Mostpeopledonoteven(7)theirfourthcousins

butsomehowmanagetolectasfriendsthepeoplewho(8)ourkin.”

Thestudy(9)foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnot

ssimilarityexistsinsmellgenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow,

(10),astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore(11)it.

Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingtogetherthat(12)usinchoosinggenetically

similarfriends(13)”functionalKinship”ofbeingfriendswith(14)!

Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesemtobeevolution(15)

thanothergenesStudyingthiscouldhelp(16)whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast

30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor(17)factor.

Thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople’s(18)tobefriendthoofsimilar(19)

backgrounds,allthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationof

Europeanextraction,carewastakento(20)thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretaken

fromthesamepopulation.

1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what

2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advid

3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by

4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]parated[D]connected

5.[A]tests[B]objects[C]samples[D]examples

6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible

7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]ek[D]know

8.[A]remble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass

9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus

10.[A]meanwhile[B]furthermore[C]likewi[D]perhaps

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11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like

12.[A]drive[B]obrve[C]confu[D]limit

13.[A]Accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith

14.[A]chances[B]respons[C]missions[D]benefits

15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier

16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express

17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive

18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency

19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic

20.[A]e[B]show[C]prove[D]tell

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,Cor

uranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted“kingsdon’tabdicate,theydareintheirsleep.”But

embarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshave

,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyis

eingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheir

magnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?

blicopinionis

particularlypolarid,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriabove

“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.

Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularity

o,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregioninthe

world,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).Butunliketheirabsolutist

counterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecautheyallowvotersto

avoidthedifficultarchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.

Evenso,icofnationalunityasthey

claimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdated

ewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomists

arewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethat

wealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.

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Themostsus

andprincesshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothors(orhelicopters).Evenso,theare

wealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesit

increasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.

WhileEurope’smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,

itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.

ItisonlytheQueenwhohasprervedthemonarchy’sreputationwithherratherordinary(if

well-heeled)gerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteof

ailedtounderstandthatmonarchies

havelargelysurvivedbecautheyprovidearvice–asnon-controversialandnon-political

soughttoknowthatasEnglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,

whoarethemonarchy’sworstenemies.

ingtothefirsttwoParagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain

[A]udturnenjoyhighpublicsupport

[B]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals

[C]cadhisrelationshipwithhisrivals

[D]endedhisreigninembarrassment

hsarekeptasheadsofstateinEuropemostly

[A]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus

[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality

[C]togivevotermorepublicfigurestolookupto

[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment

fthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Aristocrats’excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth

[B]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies

[C]Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies

[D]Thenobility’sadherencetotheirprivileges

tishroyals“havemosttofear”becauCharles

[A]takesaroughlineonpoliticalissues

[B]failstochangehislifestyleasadvid

[C]takesrepublicansashispotentialallies

[D]failstoadapthimlftohisfuturerole

fthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

[A]Carlos,GloryandDisgraceCombined

[B]Charles,AnxioustoSucceedtotheThrone

[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs

[D]Charles,SlowtoReacttotheComingThreats

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Text2

JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnow

considerwhetherpolicecanarchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephone

isonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.

Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingrulingparticularlyonethatupts

theoldassumptionthatauthoritiesmayarchthroughtheposssionsofsuspectsatthetimeof

rd,thestateargues,forjudgestoassstheimplicationsofnewandrapidly

changingtechnologies.

ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia’ofthe

implicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticescanandshouldprovideupdated

guidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.

TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofa

smartphone—avaststorehouofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,riflingthrougha

suspect’rthasruledthatpolicedon’tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhenthey

loringone’ssmart

phonemaycontainanarrestee’sreading

history,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.

Thedevelopmentof“cloudcomputing,”meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchthe

easier.

pingnsitive

nsstillhavea

righttoexpectprivatedocumentstoremainprivateandprotectedbytheConstitution’s

prohibitiononunreasonablearches.

Assooftenistheca,statingthatprincipledoesn’

manycas,itwouldnotbeoverlyonerousforauthoritiestoobtainawarranttoarchthrough

uldstillinvalidateFourthAmendmentprotectionswhenfacingvere,

urgentcircumstances,andtheycouldtakereasonablemeasurestoensurethatphonedataarenot

rt,though,maywanttoallowroomfor

policetocitesituationswheretheyareentitledtomorefreedom.

ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia’,disruptivetechnology

sometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’rr,alaw

professor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywith

theestablishmentofautomobileuasavirtualnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadto

specifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepasngercarthen;theymustsortouthow

theFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.

remeCourtwillworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto

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[A]preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents.

[B]archforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant.

[C]checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized.

[D]prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones.

hor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof

[A]disapproval.

[B]indifference.

[C]tolerance.

[D]cautiousness.

horbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentsiscomparableto

[A]gettingintoone’sresidence.

[B]handlingone’shistoricalrecords.

[C]scanningone’scorrespondences.

[D]goingthroughone’swallet.

graph5and6,theauthorshowshisconcernthat

[A]principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpresd.

[B]thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction.

[C]citizens’privacyisnoteffectivelyprotected.

[D]phonesareudtostorensitiveinformation.

rr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat

[A]theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly.

[B]newtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution.

[C]California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution.

[D]principlesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered

Text3

ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-reviewprocess,

icyfollowssimilareffortsfromother

journals,afterwidespreadconcernthatbasicmistakesindataanalysisarecontributingtothe

irreproducibilityofmanypublishedrearchfindings.

“Readersmusthaveconfidenceintheconclusionspublishedinourjournal,”writesMcNutt

gwiththeAmericanStatisticalAssociation,thejournalhasappointedven

expertstoastatisticsboardofreviewingeditors(SBoRE).Manuscriptwillbeflaggedupfor

additionalscrutinybythejournal’sinternaleditors,orbyitxistingBoardofReviewingEditors

REpanelwillthenfindexternalstatisticianstoreviewthe

manuscripts.

Askedwhetheranyparticularpapershadimpelledthechange,McNuttsaid:“Thecreationof

the‘statisticsboard’wasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddata

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analysisinscientificrearchandispartofScience’soveralldrivetoincreareproducibilityin

therearchwepublish.”

GiovanniParmigiani,abiostatisticianattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,amemberof

heexpectstheboardto“playprimarilyanadvisoryrole.”Heagreedto

joinbecauhe“foundtheforesightbehindtheestablishmentoftheSBoREtobenovel,unique

pactwillnotonlybethroughthepublicationsin

Scienceitlf,buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodel

theirapproachafterScience.”

JohnIoannidis,aphysicianwhostudiesrearchmethodology,saysthatthepolicyis“amost

welcomestepforward”and“longoverdue.”“Mostjournalsareweakinstatisticalreview,andthis

that,forthemajorityofscientificpapers

nowadays,statisticalreviewismoreesntialthanexpertreview,”otedthat

biomedicaljournalssuchasAnnalsofInternalMedicine,theJournaloftheAmericanMedical

AssociationandTheLancetpaystrongattentiontostatisticalreview.

Professionalscientistsareexpectedtoknowhowtoanalyzedata,butstatisticalerrorsare

alarminglycommoninpublishedrearch,accordingtoDavidVaux,chers

shouldimprovetheirstandards,hewrotein2012,butjournalsshouldalsotakeatougherline,

“engagingreviewerswhoarestatisticallyliterateandeditorswhocanverifytheprocess”.Vaux

saysthatScience’sideatopasssomepaperstostatisticians“hassomemerit,butaweaknessis

thatitreliesontheboardofreviewingeditorstoidentify‘thepapersthatneedscrutiny’inthefirst

place”.

elearnedfromParagraph1that

[A]Scienceintendstosimplifytheirpeer-reviewprocess.

[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.

[C]fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.

[D]lackofdataanalysisiscommoninrearchprojects.

a“flaggedup”(Para.2)istheclostinmeaningto

[A]found.

[B]marked.

[C]revid.

[D]stored.

niParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay

[A]poathreattoallitspeers.

[B]meetwithstrongopposition.

[C]increaScience’scirculation.

[D]tanexampleforotherjournals.

auxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow

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[A]addstorearchers’workload.

[B]diminishestheroleofreviewers.

[C]hasroomforfurtherimprovement.

[D]istofailintheforeeablefuture

fthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

[A]ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers.

[B]ProfessionalStatisticiansDerveMoreRespect

[C]DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditors’Desks

[D]StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScience

Text4

Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unttlingdearthof

integrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions”Integrityhadcollapd,sheargued,becauofa

collectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthe

“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit”.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabnceof

purpo,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthe

mostdangerousfoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.”Thissameabnceofmoralpurpowas

woundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shieldthought,makingitmorelikelythatit

wouldloitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes–findingguiltyones-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,Andy

Coulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentof

thesamecharge–thewinderissueofdearthofintegritystillstandstill,Journalistsareknownto

havehackedthephonesofupto5,hackingonanindustrialscale,aswas

acknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepoint

ngstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurpoframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespread

heastonishingrevelationswas

howlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,wowlittleshethoughttoask

eofhersuccessfuldefence

wasthatsheknewnothing.

Intoday’sworld,titlehasbecomenormalthatwell—paidexecutivesshouldnotbe

accountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrunperhapsweshouldnotbeso

neration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsociety

dsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,

business–friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,

degradedtothemarginhavebeenjusticefairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurpoofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstandingtobe

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oruinlivesinthequestfor

ksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalists

gottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,

recordedanswers.

ingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasuptby

[A]theconquencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

[B]companies’financiallossduetoimmoralpractices.

[C]governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

[D]thewidemisuofintegrityamonginstitutions.

einferredfromParagraph3that

[A]GlemMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime

[B]morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

[C]AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

[D]phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

horbelievestheRebekahBooks’sdeference

[A]revealedacunningpersonality

[B]centeredontrivialissues

[C]washardlyconvincing

[D]waspartofaconspiracy

horholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

[A]generallydistortedvalues

[B]unfairwealthdistribution

[C]amarginalizedlifestyle

[D]arigidmoralcote

fthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

[A]Thequalityofwritingisofprimaryimportance.

[B]Commonhumanityiscentralnewsreporting.

[C]Moralawarenessmattersinexcitinganewspaper.

[D]Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingtext,stions41-45,choothe

uranswerson

ANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearlyyoutrytocomprehend,inthenofidentifying

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meaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyour

explicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar(41)youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,for

instance,bymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisinvolved:whoismakingthe

utterance,towhom,whenandwhere.

They

showcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementinference

erinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspby

prentingyouwithspecificevidenceandcues(42)

Conceivedinthisway,comprehensionwillnotfollowexactlythesametrackforeachreader.

Whatisinquestionisnottheretrievalofanabsolute,fixedor“true”meaningthatcanbereadoff

andclockedforaccuracy,orsometimelessrelationofthetexttotheworld.(43)

Suchbackgroundmaterialinevitablyreflectswhoweare,(44)Thisdoesn’t,however,

elybecaureadersfromdifferent

historicalperiods,placesandsocialexperiencesproducedifferentbutoverlappingreadingsofthe

samewordsonthepage-includingfortextsthatengagewithfundamentalhuman

concerns-debatesabouttextscanplayanimportantroleinsocialdiscussionofbeliefsandvalues.

Howwereadagiventextalsodependstosomeextentonourparticularinterestinreadingit.

(45)suchdimensionsofreadsuggest-asothersintroducedlaterinthebookwillalsodo-thatwe

bringanimplicit(oftenunacknowledged)n’tthennecessarily

followthatonekindofreadingisfuller,y,

differentkindsofreadinginformeachother,andactasufulreferencepointsforand

er,theymakeupthereadingcomponentofyouroverall

literacyorrelationshiptoyoursurroundingtextualenvironment.

[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespondinawaythatfulfilstherequirementofagiven

cour?Readingitsimplyforpleasure?Skimmingitforinformation?Waysofreadingonatrain

orinbedarelikelytodifferconsiderablyfromreadinginaminarroom.

[B]Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgenderethnicity,ageand

socialclasswillencourageustowardscertaininterpretationbutatthesametimeobscureoreven

clooffothers.

[C]Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms,youguessattheirmeaning,usingcluesprented

ssumptionthattheywillbecomerelevantlater,youmakeamentalnoteof

discourentitiesaswellaspossiblelinksbetweenthem.

[D]Ineffect,youtrytoreconstructthelikelymeaningsoreffectsthatanygivenntence,image

orreferencemighthavehad:Themightbetheonestheauthorintended.

[E]Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstance,abouthowthetestmaybesignificanttoyou,or

aboutitsvalidity—inferencesthatformthebasisofapersonalresponforwhichtheauthorwill

inevitablybefarlessresponsible.

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[F]Inplays，novelsandnarrativepoems,charactersspeakasconstructscreatedbytheauthor,not

necessarilyasmouthpiecesfortheauthor’sownthoughts.

[G]Rather,weascribemeaningstotestonthebasisofinteractionbetweenwhatwemightcall

textualandcontextualmaterial:betweenkindsoforganizationorpatterningweperceiveina

text’sformalstructures(soespeciallyitslanguagestructures)andvariouskindsofbackground,

socialknowledge,beliefandattitudethatwebringtothetext.

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedgmentsintoChine.

YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Withinthespanofahundredyears,intheventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies,atide

ofemigration—oneofthegreatfolkwanderingsofhistory—sweptfromEuropetoAmerica.46)

Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddivermotivations,builtanationoutofawilderness

and,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.

47)TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces-theimmigrationofEuropean

peopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanew

ssity,colonialAmericawasaprojectionofEurope.

AcrosstheAtlanticcamesuccessivegroupsofEnglishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,

Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,andmanyotherswhoattemptedtotransplanttheirhabitsand

traditionstothenewworld.

48)But,theforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevaried

nationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,

hangesweregradualandatfirstscarcelyvisible.

Buttheresultwasanewsocialpatternwhich,althoughitrembledEuropeansocietyinmany

ways,hadacharacterthatwasdistinctlyAmerican.

49)ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStates

crosdtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthe15th-and16th-centuryexplorationsof

eantime,thrivingSpanishcolonieshadbeenestablishedinMexico,the

WestIndies,ravelerstoNorthAmericacameinsmall,unmercifully

theirsix-totwelve-weekvoyage,theysubsistedonbarelyenough

theshipwerelostinstorms,manypasngersdiedofdia,and

messtormsblewtheveslsfarofftheircour,and

oftencalmbroughtunbearablylongdelay.

“TotheanxioustravelersthesightoftheAmericanshorebroughtalmostinexpressible

relief.”saidonerecorderofevents,“Theairattwelveleagues’distancesmeltassweetasa

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new-blowngarden.”Thecolonists’firstglimpofthenewlandwasasightofdenwoods.50)

Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasaveritablerealtreasure-houwhich

s

therawmaterialofhousandfurniture,shipsandpotash,dyesandnavalstores.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

ions:

nemailofabout100wordsrecommending

abooktotheclubmembers.

Youshouldstatereasonsforyourrecommendation.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

inginstead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

ions:

essayyoushould

1)describethedrawingbriefly

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET.(20points)

手机时代的聚会

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参考答案及详细解析

Icloze

1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what

【答案】[D]what

【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。根据句子结构和选项的特点，可以判断出空格

处应填从属连词引导从句;再根据句子的内容，可以看出该从句是一项研究的相关内容

(what)，不是指研究的时间(when)，原因(why)和方式(how)，因此，该题的答案为what。

2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advid

【答案】[B]concluded

【解析】从此题所在的句子的前后内容可以判断出，thatis_______中的that是指

第一句话的内容(朋友与我们基因上的相关性)，很显然是研究得出的结论。因此，答案为

concluded。

3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by

【答案】[C]on

【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容(研究对1932分独特的受试者进行分析)判断出

进行分析的对象是1932uniquesubjects。conductanalysison…是固定表达。

4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]parated[D]connected

【答案】[A]compared

【解析】该空格所在的句子是which引导的定语从句修饰study,意思是：对几对基

因不相关的朋友和陌生人进行_______。因为“研究”的内容是关于朋友间基因上的相关性问

题，所以完整的意思应该是：对几对基因不相关的朋友和陌生人进行比较。所以最佳答案

为compared。

5.[A]tests[B]objects[C]samples[D]examples

【答案】[C]samples

【解析】根据空格的前后内容判断，到第五个空为止，文章都在讲实验过程，和

实验对象，第五个空格所在句子的内容是：相同的人们都用于实验中的这两类______。所

以根据上下文语境和内容，应该选与实验对象相对应的samples(样例).因此，答案是samples。

6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible

【答案】[A]insignificant

【解析】空的语境为：尽管这1%看起来似乎____，但是遗传学家可不这么认为。

空前后形成对比转折的逻辑关系，而从后文列举的例子中可知遗传学家JamesFowler对这

1%基因的态度是肯定的，故答案为A。

7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]ek[D]know

【答案】[D]know

【解析】空的语境为：大多数人甚至不____他们隔三代的表亲，但却设法选择那

些____我们亲戚的人作为朋友。填入的词必须满足前后句之间的转折逻辑关系，四个选项

带入，只有D选项符合上下文语义。

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8.[A]remble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass

【答案】[A]remble

【解析】空的语境为：大多数人甚至不认识他们隔三代的表亲，但却设法选择那

些____我们亲戚的人作为朋友。根据全文中心：基因上的相似性，可知本题选择A。

9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus

【答案】[B]also

【解析】空所在的句子开头用“Thestudy…”,显然这是对上文话题的继续阐述，前

文指出研究发现朋友与我们有1%的基因关系，而空所在句“thegenesforsmellwere

somethingsharedinfriends”在进一步详细讨论该话题，前后之间是顺接关系，故答案为B。

10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewi[D]Perhaps

【答案】[D]Perhaps

【解析】从选项和文字中句子结构可以判断，空格处要求填入一个能够体现前后

两个句子逻辑关系的副词，空前的句子谈到“为什么在嗅觉基因方面存在相似性还很难解

释”，空后却紧接着对此得出一个相关结论，很明显是矛盾的，所以此结论只能是一种不确

定的推测，故答案为D。

11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like

【答案】[B]to

【解析】该题为介词选择题。后半句出现比较级，可见是和前文形成比较关系，

因此和上半句介词保持一致，用介词to。该句翻译：它(这种相似性)吸引我们到相同的环境，

并且使我们更为相似。因此答案为to。

12.[A]drive[B]obrve[C]confu[D]limit

【答案】[A]drive

【解析】该句意思为：很多机制共同作用，从而_____我们选择基因相似的朋友，

_____和_____交朋友的“功能关系”。根据上下文可知，此处所填入动词需符合结构_____sb.

indoingsth，B选项obrve(观察，遵守)和C选项confu(困惑)均无此用法。符合该结构只

有A选项drive(驱使)和D选项limit(限制)。根据上下文可得知：这些机制驱使我们选择基

因相似的朋友，符合文章主题。如果选限制则为反向干扰。因此答案为drive。

13.[A]accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith

【答案】[B]ratherthan

【解析】所填词为逻辑关系短语，空前说选择基因相似的朋友，空后说具有“实用

关系”的朋友，可知前后为对立关系，并且根据文章主题，可知肯定前者而否定后者，可锁

定B选项ratherthan。A选项accordingto(根据)没有体现出对立及取舍关系，因此排除;C选

项regardlessof(不管)表让步关系，干扰性较强，但文章更强调取前舍后，因此排除;D选项

alongwith(伴随)表顺接，故排除。故答案为ratherthan。

14.[A]chances[B]respons[C]missions[D]benefits

【答案】[D]benefits

【解析】根据前文functionalkinship(实用关系)可得出D选项benefits(利益)，前后

形成呼应。A选项chances(机会)、B选项respons(反应)、C选项missions(使命)均不符合

..

;.

题意。故答案为benefits。

15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier

【答案】[C]faster

【解析】该句为：evolving______thanothergenes(比其他基因进化得______).根

据同词复现，我们找到该段第二句话中：humanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000

years(人类进化在过去30000年间提速)。C选项faster与下文pickedpace(加速)形成呼应，

故答案为faster。

16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express

【答案】[C]understand

【解析】此题考查动词。根据语意。空格后面是一个why引导的宾语从句，意为“人

类进化在过去三万年间得以加速的原因”，表示这一研究的结果和意义。能与这一宾语从句

构成搭配的只有C选项understand。A选项forecast“预测”与“过去三万年”相矛盾，B选项

remember“记住”和D选项“express”均不符合文意。

17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive

【答案】[B]contributory

【解析】此空需要填入一个形容词，表达社会环境对人类进步所起到的作用。help，

pickpace这两个词表达的都是积极的含义，因此此处需要填入一个带有褒义的感情色彩的

词，因此排除A选项“不可预测的”和D选项“破坏性的”;B而C选项“可控的”,与语意无关;

因此正确答案为B选项contributory“促进的”。

18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency

【答案】[D]tendency

【解析】此处进一步陈述这一研究的结论。A选项endeavor“努力”，B选项“决定”，

C选项“安排”，D选项“倾向”。本文的主旨重在解释人们在交朋友的不自觉的一种倾向，而

非通过人为的有意识的举动来选择朋友。因此正确答案为D。

19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic

【答案】[C]ethnic

【解析】结合文意，人们普遍希望和有相似基因背景的人。C选项ethnic意为“种

族的，民族的”，是对上文中多次重复出现的genes,以及下文的thesamepopulation的同义复

现。因此正确答案为C。A选项political“政治的”，B选项“宗教的”，D选项“经济的”均

不符合原文文意。

20.[A]e[B]show[C]prove[D]tell

【答案】[A]e

【解析】此处考察动词，动词势必要看前后搭配。ethat构成固定词组，意为“务

必使……”，符合文意，即：即使所有的受访者都拥有欧洲血统，(研究者们)仍然悉心确保

所有的受访者、朋友和陌生人都来自于同一群种。选项B“展示”,选项C“证明”，选项D“辨

别”均无此含义，且不符合文意。

IIReadingcomprehension

..

;.

PartA

ingtothefirsttwoParagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain

[A]udturnenjoyhighpublicsupport

[B]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals

[C]cadhisrelationshipwithhisrivals

[D]endedhisreigninembarrassment

【答案】[D]endedhisreigninembarrassment

【解析】事实细节题。根据题干要求，定位到文章前两段。而文章第一段的第二

句话提到“Butembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecent

Euro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.”(在最近的欧洲选举中，令人尴

尬的丑闻和受欢迎的共和党，均迫使Carlos收回前言并退位)。D选项中，“standdown”是“end

reign”的同义置换，且“embarrassment”与导致Carlos卸任的原因“embarrassingscandals”是相

呼应的。故D是正确答案。A、B、C均属于无中生有。

hsarekeptasheadsofstateinEuropemostly

[A]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus

[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality

[C]togivevotermorepublicfigurestolookupto

[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment

【答案】[A]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus

【解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词“monarchs”和“headsofstate”，定位到第三

段的最后一句话“...mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecautheyallowvoterstoavoidthe

difficultarchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.”(大多数的王室幸存下来是由

于他们让选民可以避免去寻找一个不受争议且受尊敬的公众人物的困难)其中

“non-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure”正是A选项中“undoubtedandrespectablestatus”

的同义置换。故A是正确答案。

fthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Aristocrats’excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth

[B]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies

[C]Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies

[D]Thenobility’sadherencetotheirprivileges

【答案】[B]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies

【解析】事实细节题。定位在第四段的最后一句话“...itisbizarrethatwealthy

aristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.”(离奇的是，

富有的贵族竟然仍是现代民主国家的象征核心)其中，thesymbolicheartofmoderndemocratic

states是题干theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies的同义置换。

tishroyals“havemosttofear”becauCharles

[A]takesaroughlineonpoliticalissues

[B]failstochangehislifestyleasadvid

..

;.

[C]takesrepublicansashispotentialallies

[D]failstoadapthimlftohisfuturerole

【答案】[D]failstoadapthimlftohisfuturerole

【解析】事实细节题。该题考查：英国皇家贵族们非常害怕是因为查尔斯……。

根据题干专有名词Charles可定位到文章第七段“thedangerwillcomewithCharles...worst

enemies”。本段指出“危险源自于查尔斯，他生活奢靡，等级观念显著;并且他没有意识到君

王的幸存很大程度上取决于君王提供了公共服务，同时，查尔斯并不知道，国王才是君主

制度最大的敌人，而非共和党人。”选项A意为：对待政治问题态度强硬，文章并无提及;

选项B意为，对待建议的生活方式改变失败，文章中提到生活方式，但并未提到改变生活

方式;选项C意为：视共和党人为潜在盟友，文章中提到，共和党人并非最大的敌人，并未

指明把共和党人视为盟友，属于偷换概念，选项D意为：适应未来身份失败，文章指出查

尔斯的生活方式，世界观以及他对于君王制度的错误理解均为身份特殊的他的不正确言行，

与选项D表述吻合，故为正确答案。

fthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

[A]Carlos,GloryandDisgraceCombined

[B]Charles,AnxioustoSucceedtotheThrone

[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs

[D]Charles,SlowtoReacttotheComingThreats

【答案】[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs

【解析】主旨大意题。该题考察四个选项中哪个可作为文章最佳标题。文章从西

班牙国王Carlos退位事件切入，主要讨论当下欧洲君王制度所存在的问题，并非讨论查尔

斯的事件，即可排除选项B“查尔斯—继位焦虑”和D“查尔斯—应对威胁缓慢”，而选项A“卡

洛斯—荣辱并存”和C“卡洛斯—欧洲君王们的前车之鉴”中，选项A属于细节信息，不能

概括文章大意，选项C可概括，故为正确答案。另外，文章主题词Monarch只有在选项C

中出现，也可作为迅速解题的依据。

remeCourtwillworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto

[A]preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents.

[B]archforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant.

[C]checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized.

[D]prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones.

【答案】[C]checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized

【解析】这是一道事实细节题，根据题干关键词TheSupremeCourt回文定位到第

一段的第二句话，“TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecanarchforthe

contentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringan

arrest”,一一比对选项，原文中的“policecanarchforthecontentsofamobilephonewithouta

warrant”与选项C“checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized”是同义替换，其他

选项均是无关选项。

hor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof

..

;.

[A]disapproval.

[B]indifference.

[C]tolerance.

[D]cautiousness.

【答案】[A]disapproval

【解析】本题是观点态度题，考察作者的态度。根据题干关键词“California’s

argument”，可以定位到文章第四段第一句“TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slame

argument…”。由第四段第一句话中的“discard(抛弃)”和“lame(没有说服力的)”可以看出作者

对于California’sargument是不支持的态度，因此选A。

horbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentsiscomparableto

[A]gettingintoone’sresidence.

[B]handlingone’shistoricalrecords.

[C]scanningone’scorrespondences.

[D]goingthroughone’swallet.

【答案】[A]gettingintoone’sresidence

【解析】根据题干关键词theauthorbelieves和“exploringone’sphonecontentsis

comparableto”可回文定位到文章第四段第三句“Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelike

enteringhisorherhome”，选项A语义与之一致，其中，gettinginto与entering对应，one’s

residence与hisorherhome对应，故A选项为正确答案。

horbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentsiscomparableto

[A]principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpresd.

[B]thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction.

[C]citizens’privacyisnoteffectivelyprotected.

[D]phonesareudtostorensitiveinformation.

【答案】[C]citizens’privacyisnoteffectivelyprotected

【解析】根据题干信息Inparagraphs5and6定位第5段第一句话“Americansshould

takestepstoprotecttheirdigitalprivacy.及第6段最后一句话，...andtheycouldtakereasonable

measuresto.....，可推知作者的顾虑，因此答案为C.

rr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat

[A]theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly.

[B]newtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution.

[C]California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution.

[D]principlesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered

【答案】[A]theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly

【解析】这是一道例证题，根据题干关键词OrinKerr可以回文定位到文章最后一

段。作者引用OrinKerr这个人的比较是为了说明相关的论点。分析最后一段结构可知，最

后一段的第三句和第四句都是在阐述该例子本身，所以相关论点应该往前面找，即是第二

句话，“New，disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’s

..

;.

protection”,选项A与之同义替换，其中，beimplemented和applications对应，novel和flexibly

对应。

elearnedfromParagraph1that

[A]Scienceintendstosimplifytheirpeer-reviewprocess.

[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.

[C]fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.

[D]lackofdataanalysisiscommoninrearchprojects.

【答案】[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks

【解析】推理题。根据题干直接定位到第一段。解题关键在于第二句Thepolicy

followssimilareffortsfromotherjournals(该政策得到其他期刊类似的努力)thepolicy指第一

句ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-reviewprocess,

(《科学》杂志把统计检查额外添加到它的同行评审过程中)，由此可直接推断出正确答案为

[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks(各大期刊正在加强统计数字检查)。选项

[A]中simplify与原文语意不符，所以选项C、D属于无中生有。

a“flaggedup”(Para.2)istheclostinmeaningto

[A]found.

[B]marked.

[C]revid.

[D]stored.

【答案】[C]marked

【解析】词义题。根据题干定位回第二段第三句Manuscriptwillbeflaggedupfor

additionalscrutinybythejournal’sinternaleditors,(杂志内部编辑将通过更多的审查来标记手

稿)。文中运用代入法，把各选项代入句中替换，可知选项Cmarked(标记)为正确答案。选

项Afound(发现，找到)，选项Brevid(修改)，选项Dstored(存储)。

niParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay

[A]poathreattoallitspeers.

[B]meetwithstrongopposition.

[C]increaScience’scirculation.

[D]tanexampleforotherjournals.

【答案】[D]tanexampleforotherjournals

【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词GiovanniParmigiani，theestablishmentoftheSBoRE

和may定位到第四段的最后一句“…buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplaces

thatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience。选项中的example是model的同义替换，

othersjournals是原文中alargergroupofpublishingplaces的同义替换。

文章中出现了hopefully，表示作者积极的态度。选项A中的threat，选项B中的

opposition分别表达负向消极的态度，所以错误。选项CincreaScience’scirculation(增加《科

学》杂志的发行量)，文章并未提到，属于无中生有。

auxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow

..

;.

[A]addstorearchers’workload.

[B]diminishestheroleofreviewers.

[C]hasroomforfurtherimprovement.

[D]istofailintheforeeablefuture

【答案】[C]hasroomforfurtherimprovement

【解析】细节题。由题干关键词DavidVaux和Science，可定位到第六段最后一句。

VauxsaysthatScience’sideatopasssomepaperstostatisticians“hassomemerit,butaweakness

isthatitreliesontheboardofreviewingeditorstoidentify‘thepapersthatneedscrutiny’inthe

firstplace”.(《科学》杂志把论文推给统计员审核有一些优点，但缺点是它依赖于审稿编委

会首先需要确定审查的文件。)

选项A中workload，选项shtheroleofreviewers和选项D中的foreeable

future没有提到，属于无中生有。

fthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

[A]ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers.

[B]ProfessionalStatisticiansDerveMoreRespect

[C]DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditors’Desks

[D]StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScience

【答案】Asciencejoinspushtoscreenstatisticsinpapers

【解析】文章第一段由Science将增加statisticalchecks引出话题，接下来各段就此

问题McNutt,GiovanniParmigianni,JohnIoannidis,DavidVaux提出各自的看法。文中

statistical，papers反复提及，可知该词是文中核心词。选项B和选项D首先排除，偏离主

题，statisticians仅在文中提及，非重点讨论内容;选项C与文中主题相差较大，因此排除。

ingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasuptby

[A]theconquencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

[B]companies’financiallossduetoimmoralpractices.

[C]governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

[D]thewidemisuofintegrityamonginstitutions.

【答案】[A]theconquencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

【解析】通过题干可以将此题锁定在前两段。第一段指出Elisabeth谈到了“我们很

多机构都面临着令人沮丧的正直感的丧失”。接下来第二句指出这种正直感的丧失是因为大

家普遍认为社会中唯一的分类机制(sortingmechanism)应该是利益和市场。而从第一段最后

一句我们看出，她认为“应该是我们人类自己创造我们想要的社会，而不应该是利益”。可见，

Elisabeth很不认可目前的这种分类机制(sortingmechanism)以及所造成的不良后果，这也正

是她感到沮丧的原因。故A选项conquenceofthecurrentsortingmechanism(目前这种分类

机制的后果)是真正让她沮丧的原因。

einferredfromParagraph3that

[A]GlemMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime

[B]morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

..

;.

[C]AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

[D]phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

【答案】[B]morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking

【解析】第三段第一句指出，AndyCoulson因为参与手机黑客案件被裁定有罪，

然而他的前任却被认定是无罪的。通过这一事件，作者得出由此造成的道德沦丧广泛问题

依然存在(thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands)。即仍然存在一些人没有被裁定有

罪。接着文章指出了在新闻业中，已经有记者被认定非法侵入用户手机。而还有一些在等

待审判(othersawaittrial)，由此可以推出，将会有更多的记者因为涉及手机黑客案件而被裁

定有罪。故正确答案为选项B。

horbelievestheRebekahBooks’sdeference

[A]revealedacunningpersonality

[B]centeredontrivialissues

[C]washardlyconvincing

[D]waspartofaconspiracy

【答案】[C]washardlyconvincing

【解析】根据题干中的“defence”可以回文定位到文章第四段最后一句话。该句指

出辩护成功的关键在于她对这个事件一无所知(sheknewnothing)。而作者在该段

第一句话中指出，道德丧失不仅体现在普遍存在的手机黑客这一事实上，更体现在一些审

判案件所使用的条款上，其中最震惊的就是对的审判。可见，作者对该案的审

判持否定态度。因此，认为她的辩护是不可信的。故正确答案为C。

horholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

[A]generallydistortedvalues

[B]unfairwealthdistribution

[C]amarginalizedlifestyle

[D]arigidmoralcote

【答案】[A](generallydistortedvalues)

【解析】通过题干中的“collectivedoctrine”可以直接定位到文中第五段第三行。该

句指出“collectivedoctrine”是社会的分类机制应该是利益。接下来可以看出，那些真正起作

用的是那些表示利益的词“efficiency，flexibility，shareholdervalue，business-friendly，wealth

generation…”，而表示公平、正义的词(Justice，fairness，tolerance…)则被置于边缘。可见，

这种教义(collectivedoctrine)只关注利益，而忽略了公平与正义，这显然是一种扭曲的价值

观。故A选项正确。

fthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

[A]Thequalityofwritingisofprimaryimportance.

[B]Commonhumanityiscentralnewsreporting.

[C]Moralawarenessmattersinexcitinganewspaper.

[D]Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

【答案】[C]moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper

..

;.

【解析】这是一道开放式推理题。作者在最后一段前两句话指出，新闻报道的目

的不是为了促进读者的理解，也不是为了追求公平或者违背人类共有的人性，而是通过追

求发行量的影响率来破坏人们的生活。即文章从一开始指出的一个问题，为了追求利益而

造成了正值感的丧失。从“ruin”一词可以看出，作者对新闻记者的这一行为持否定的态度。

并且通过女士的行为加以佐证。作者通过正话反说的方式，突出新闻报道过程

中正值感的重要性。故正确答案为C，moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper(在新闻

报道中，道德意识很重要)，其中moralawareness和integrity是同义互换。

PartB

areunfamiliar...

kefurtherinferences...

r,weascribemeaningsto...

rssuchas...

studyingthat...

41、【答案】[C]Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms...

【解析】从首段疑问句可以看出文章主题围绕如何阅读来进行展开。41题空在段

中间，需要看空处的前一句和后一句，前一句说的是要去理解单词的含义，并关注句法，

而后一句说开始推测文章语境。所以可以推测出41题空处应该说的是单词语义和语境之间

的联系，关键词就是words和context。纵览选项，只有C项符合语境和关键词要求，属同

词复现，上下文语义逻辑关联。故正确答案选C。

42、【答案】[E]Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstance...

【解析】该题空在段末，需要看空处的前一句和下一段首句，前一句说的是我们

通过作者给出的一些具体线索来理解含义，而下一段首句说通过这种方式表达，每个人的

理解都会有所不同。所以可以推测出42空处内容要有关根据作者给的线索推测信息，而且

可能会涉及不同的人有不同的理解，关键词是infer,thewriter和eachreader。纵览选项，只

有E项符合语境且出现inferences,theauthor,personal，属同义词复现。故正确答案选E。

43、【答案】[G]Rather,weascribemeaningstotextsonthebasis...

【解析】空格后出现明显的指代线索词suchbackgroundmaterial，所以空格内必定

要出现相关的信息，浏览选项，G选项中textualandcontextualmaterial，background与空后

线索实现代词指代复现。而且G选项中的rather,与空前whatisinquestionisnot...实现语义

逻辑关联。确定此选项为正确答案。

44、【答案】[B]Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhich...

【解析】空前的线索词为whoweare，空后的线索为转折逻辑关系，意思是“但这

并不会使得理解仅仅有关联或者毫无意义”，关键词为interpretation，relative，pointless，空

格中需要出现与此相关联的词汇，浏览后面选项，B选项中出现原词interpretations，而且

此选项中的gender,ethnicity,age,socialclass与空前线索词whoweare相对应。确定正确答

案为此选项。

45、【答案】[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespond...

..

;.

【解析】空格在最后一段的中间，线索需要从空格前后寻找，空前为概括的句子，

关键词为particularinterest,空后出现代词指代的线索，suchdimensionsofreadingsuggest,结

合关键词可以得知空格所填的部分内容需要涉及到“阅读的兴趣以及阅读维度”，浏览选项，

A选项提到的诸多问题正是有关读书的兴趣以及阅读的维度。因此确定A为正确选项。

PartC

46)在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑

造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

47)美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改

这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。

48)但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯

粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。

49)在15—16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土—即当今的美国—的第一

船移民横渡了大西洋。

50)拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治

亚州。

IIIWriting

PartA

范文1：

DearFriends,

Iamwritingtorecommendtoyouawonderfulbook,TheSeventhKey,whichisnot

onlyconductivetoyourstudybutalsobeneficialtoyourlife.

Thebooktellsastorythattwonephewsofanoldmantryhardtofindtheventhkey

losthe“money-first”attitudeandheartlessnessofpeople

andtutorspeopleaboutthelifephilosophyof“Nopains,nogains”.What’smore,thebeautiful

languageinthisoriginalEnglishbookmaycontributetoyourstudyofEnglishinlistening,

speaking,readingandwriting.

Ihopeyouwouldenjoythebookandshareyouropiniononthenextreadingssion.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

PartB

范文1：

Asisdepictedabove,anumberofyoungpeoplearehavingagatheringoffriends,butinstead

oftalkingwitheachother,erpartof

thepicture,wecanesomeChinecharacterswhichread“themeetinginmobile-phoneera”.

Undoubtedly,theauthorofthepictureaimsatremindingusofthedoubleedgeofthe

..

;.

llknownthatthankstothedevelopmentofhumancivilization,manyformerly

admitthat

r,ifudimproperly,themobile

phonesalsocanbringunhealthyside-effects,andimperilfacetofacecommunicationbetween

ttoomuchtosaythatbeingover-addictedtomobilephoneswillcostourhealth,

wisdom,creativity,friendshipandevenourabilitytolive.

Weighingtheprosandconsofbothsides,perhapsthebestpolicyistoregulateitin

ametime,wemustavoiditsharmfulpart.

Furthermore,youngpeopleshouldbeadvidthatspendingtoomuchtimeinusingsmartphones

isbadforthem.