Unit3
☆whet[wet]
【考法】vt.刺激,激起:tomakekeenormoreacute
【例】Mediamogulsintendtowhetapubliczealforthelow-fatburger.传媒巨
头们希望能够掀起一场低脂肪汉堡的狂潮。
【近】arou,bestir,elicit,excite,evoke,ignite,kindle,rally,stimulate,waken
【反】assuage,allay,mitigate,mollify,pacify,soothe平息,缓和
tilt[tɪlt]
【考法1】v.倾斜:totorcautobeatanangle
【例】Themirrorsarecontrolledbyanelectricalsignalthatcausittotilteither
towardorawayfromthelarsource.电信号控制着这组镜片,使其转向或者远离激
光光源。
【近】angle,cant,heel,list,incline,pitch,slant,slope,tip
【反】erect竖立
【考法2】n.倾斜:theactofpositioningoraninstanceofbeingpositionedatan
angle
【例】Sheexpresdherapprovalwithaslighttiltofherhead.她斜着头,表达
她的认可。
【近】bend,grade,gradient,inclination,lean,leaning
plodding[ˈplɑːdɪŋ]
【考法】adj.无聊的,单调乏味的:characterizedbydullnessandmonotony;lacking
varietyorexcitement
【例】Howcanyoustickwiththisshowthroughthefirstfourploddingepisodes?
你是怎么坚持把前四季枯燥无味的节目看完的?
【近】dreary,dull,humdrum,jejune,monotone,monotonous,pedestrian,stale,
stodgy
【反】absorbing,engaging,engrossing,gripping,interesting,intriguing,
involving,riveting令人感兴趣的
unsung[ˌʌnˈsʌŋ]
【考法】adj.被埋没的;不知名的:notcelebratedorpraid(asinsongorver)
【例】Theyareamongtheunsungheroesofourtime.他们是我们这个时代的无
名英雄。||Althoughlittleknownandunsung,itisoneofthegrandestlittletowns
youcouldeverwishtoe.它虽然名不见经传,但却是不可错过的最具恢宏气势的小
镇之一。
【近】noteless,obscure,uncelebrated,unfamous,unknown,unrecognized
【反】celebrated,famed,famous,noted,prominent,renowned,well-known出
名的
generic[dʒəˈnerɪk]
【考法】adj.无差别的,普遍的:havingnoparticularlydistinctivequalityor
application
【例】Aloveofbigthings—bighous,bigcars,bigmeals—emstobea
generictraitoftheAmericanpeople.热衷于大的事物——大房、大车、大餐——似乎
是美国人的普遍特征。
【近】blanket,common,general,universal
【反】concrete,distinct,peculiar,preci,specific,unique特有的,独特的
balderdash[ˈbɔːldərdæʃ]
【考法】n.胡言乱语,废话,无意义的话:wordsorlanguagehavingnomeaningor
conveyingnointelligibleideas;nonn
【例】Whataloadofbalderdash!简直是一派胡言!
【近】babble,blabber,drivel,nonn,prattle,mumbojumbo
humbug[ˈhʌmbʌɡ]
【考法】n.骗子:awillfullyfal,deceptive,orinsincereperson
【例】Toblamethedamforenvironmentaldestructionwhichhasalready
occurredisaplotofpoliticalhumbugs.把先前已经出现的环境破坏归罪于大坝是政
治骗子们的一个阴谋。
【近】charlatan,fake,fraud,hoaxer,imposter,mountebank,phony,pretender,
quack,quacksalver,ringer,sham
【派】humbuggeryn.欺骗
expostulate[ɪkˈspɑːstʃuleɪt]
【考法】vi.争论,辩驳:toreasonearnestlywithapersonforpurposof
dissuasionorremonstrance
【例】Theconcernedparentstriedtoexpostulatewiththeirdaughterwhenshe
announcedherintentiontoliveonherowninLosAngeles.当获知女儿想独自在
洛杉矶生活的想法时,她的父母很担心,试图劝阻她。
【近】demur,inveigh(against),object,protest,remonstrate
【反】accede,agree,approve,asnt,sanction同意,批准
contain[kənˈteɪn]
【考法】vt.抑制,控制:tokeepwithinlimits
【例】Shecouldhardlycontainherlfwhenshereceivedtheemailofadmission.
当收到录取通知书时,她几乎无法抑制自己的情绪。||futileeffortstocontainthe
spreadofthedia未能有效控制疾病扩散
【近】bridle,check,constrain,curb,govern,hold,inhibit,measure,regulate,
rein,restrain,tame
【反】liberate,loo,unleash释放,不再加以管束
catharsis[kəˈθɑːrsɪs]
【考法】n.情绪的宣泄、释放:eliminationofacomplexbybringingitto
consciousnessandaffordingitexpression
【例】Theauthorcallsreadingaperfectpracticeofcatharsis,onethatcleans
himoffeelingsoffuryandfrustration.作者声称阅读是一种宣泄情绪的极佳方式:所
有的愤怒与失望都随之消失。
【近】cleansing,expurgation,lustration,purgation,purification
【派】catharticadj.宣泄情绪的
GRE是青春的试金石,是一场斗智斗勇的突围。有志者定能今日播种汗水,与3000为伴;
明日收获欢笑,迈入人生新境界!
——张羽东,中国人民大学,2012年10月GRE考试,Verbal166,Quantitative168
Unit4
libelous[ˈlaɪbələs]
【考法】adj.恶意中伤的,诽谤的:constitutingorincludingalibel;defamatory
【例】Theelectioncampaigndegeneratedintoanexchangeoflibelousremarks.
竞选活动已经沦为了双方互相的谩骂和诽谤。
【近】backbiting,calumnious,defamatory,detractive,invidious,maligning,
scandalous,slanderous,traducing,vilifying
【反】adulatory,applauding,commendatory,eulogistic,eulogizing,laudatory,
praising说好话的,奉承的
embryonic[ˌembriˈɑːnɪk]
【考法】adj.初期的,萌芽阶段的:beinginanearlystageofdevelopment
【例】HedoesnothavemuchfaithintheembryonicEuropeancentralbank.他
对于处于萌芽阶段的欧洲中央银行并不看好。
【近】aborning,beginning,inceptive,incipient,inchoate,initial,nascent,
rudimentary
【反】adult,full-blown,full-fledged,mature,ripe成熟的,成形的;moribund将
死的
accustom[əˈkʌstəm]
【考法】vt.使习惯:tomakefamiliarwithsomethingthroughuorexperience
【例】AsakidfromSouthernCalifornia,thefirstchallengeinhisPhDlifeisto
accustomhimlftotheharshwinterclimateinBoston.身为来自南加州的小孩,
他博士生涯的第一道挑战就是习惯波士顿寒冷的冬天。||Ifyouareaccustomedto
time-riesanalysis,youcandevelopnewandmoredelicatequantitative
models.如果你对时间序列分析有所了解,你就能构建出更新、更精妙的定量模型。
【近】familiarize,habituate,inure,orient,wont
【反】alienate,estrange,wean使疏远
fractious[ˈfrækʃəs]
【考法1】adj.难以管束的:tendingtobetroublesome;unruly
【例】afractiousrebelthatwouldnotsubmittotheauthority一名绝不向当局屈
服的顽固的反叛分子
【近】balky,contumacious,defiant,perver,intractable,obstreperous,
refractory,unruly,untoward,l
【反】compliant,docile,subdued,submissive,tractable顺从的
【考法2】adj.易怒的,暴躁的:readilyangered
【例】anincorrigiblyfractiousyoungman暴躁到无可救药的年轻人
【近】choleric,fretful,irascible,irritable,peevish,pettish,petulant,querulous,
testy
【反】affable,agreeable,easygoing,genial,gracious,mellow和蔼的,随和的;
forbearing,obliging,patient,stoic,tolerant容忍的,忍让的
repentant[rɪˈpentənt]
【考法】adj.悔过的:feelingsorrowforawrongthatonehasdone
【例】Certainlytheimageofarepentantplayboyhelpsllbooks.毫无疑问,一
个花花公子浪子回头的形象能帮助书的销售。
【近】apologetic,compunctious,contrite,penitent,regretful,remorful,rueful,
sorry
【反】impenitent,remorless,unapologetic,unrepentant不知悔改的
☆compound[kəmˈpaʊnd]
【考法】vt.使恶化,加重:tomakewor,morerious,ormorevere
【例】Additionalbloodshedandlossoflifewillonlycompoundthetragedyinthis
nation.额外的流血和牺牲只会加重这个国家的悲剧。||Theproblemiscompounded
bythecorruptandunfairmedicalsystemhere.在这里,腐败和不公的医疗体制使
问题进一步恶化。
【近】aggravate,complicate,exacerbate,intensify,worn
【反】allay,alleviate,assuage,mitigate,mollify,palliate,relieve,soothe缓和,
减轻
province[ˈprɑːvɪns]
【考法】n.职能范围:sphereorfieldofactivityorauthority,asofaperson
【例】Increasingly,nurpractitionersarelesningtheheavyworkloadof
physiciansbyperformingmedicaltasksoncethoughttobetheexclusive
provinceofdoctors.越来越多的护士开始执行原属于医生专属职能范畴的任务,从而大
大减轻了医生的工作负担。
【近】business,duty,function,role
windfall[ˈwɪndfɔːl]
【考法】n.好运,幸事:anunexpected,unearned,orsuddengainoradvantage
【例】Hittingthejackpotwasanunbelievablewindfallfortherecentlylaid-off
worker.对这个刚失业的人来说中彩票头奖是令人难以置信的天赐好运。
【近】benediction,blessing,boon,felicity,godnd,manna
【反】apocalyp,calamity,cataclysm,catastrophe,debacle,disaster大灾难;
bane,scourge祸害
bohemian[boʊˈhiːmiən]
【考法】n.特立独行之人:aperson(asanartist)whohasanunconventional
life-stylethatoftenreflectsprotestagainstorindifferencetoconvention
【例】Duetothelifestyleofmodern-dancepioneerIsadoraDuncanwas
consideredabohemian,sinceitwasmarkedbyunconventionalbehaviorand
attitudes.现代舞先驱伊
莎多拉·邓肯的生活方式叛逆不羁,充满了反传统的举止和态度,因此她被认为是特立独行
之人。
【近】deviant,heretic,iconoclast,maverick,nonconformist
【反】conformer,conformist循规蹈矩的人
upbeat[ˈʌpbiːt]
【考法1】adj.心情好的:havingorshowingagoodmoodordisposition
【例】Thelinewasincrediblylong,butpeoplewerepatientandupbeat.队伍长
得不可思议,但好在人们很有耐心,心情也不错。
【近】blithe,buoyant,chipper,eupeptic,gay,lightsome,winsome
【反】dour,gloomy,glum,moro,saturnine,sulky,sullen忧郁的,心情沉重的
【考法2】adj.给人希望的,象征好运的:havingqualitieswhichinspirehope
【例】Severalupbeatsignsimplythattheeconomyisrecovering.一些迹象给人
们以希望,表明经济正在复苏。
【近】auspicious,bright,encouraging,fair,heartening,optimistic,promising,
propitious
【反】bleak,dark,depressing,desperate,dismal压抑的,令人绝望的
送给此刻正捧着“3000”的你:愿你为它付出光阴和汗水,愿它化作你青葱岁月的回忆,愿
这本伴我走过备考时光的伙伴,助你实现飞跃重洋的梦想。
——段晓宇,Verbal169,Quantitative169
Unit5
uncharacteristic[ˌʌnˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk]
【考法】adj.反常的,非典型的:nottypicalordistinctive
【例】It'sanuncharacteristicacquisitionforthecompany,whichtraditionally
hasn'tbotheredmuchwithvoicetechnology.对这家以往对语音技术不怎么感兴趣的
公司来说,此次采购实属反常。
【近】aberrant,abnormal,anomalous,atypical,deviant,irregular,unusual
【反】typical典型的
hagiographic[ˌhæɡiəˈɡræfik]
【考法】adj.捧为圣人一般的,过分谄媚的:of,relatingto,orbeinghagiography;
overlyorinsincerelyflattering
【例】Hedervesmorecarefulandmoreobjectivescrutinyratherthanthe
hagiographicportrayalhehasgenerallyreceivedfromthepress.比起媒体对他
惯用的谄媚描绘,他的一生值得我们更为仔细和客观地研究。
【近】adulatory,flattering,gushy,ingratiating,oily,oleaginous,soapy,toady,
unctuous
【反】artless,earnest,genuine,heartfelt,ingenuous,sincere,unfeigned真挚的,
真诚的
apostle[əˈpɑːsl]
【考法】n.(政策或思想等的)信奉者,支持者:apersonwhoactivelysupportsorfavors
acau
【例】Inherlateryears,BerthaPappenheimwasanapostleofnoblebutalready
anachronisticnotions,alwaysrespectedforherintegrity,herenergy,andher
resolvebutincreasinglyoutofstepandultimatelyalienatedfromevenherown
organization.在她的晚年,伯莎·帕彭海姆仍然秉信着那些高贵但已过时的观念,尽管她
的正直、能量和决心得到尊重,但越来越多的脱节使她最终被自己的组织疏远。||Her
motherwasadedicatedapostleofhealthyeating.她母亲是健康饮食矢志不渝的倡
导者。
【近】advocate,champion,crusader,expounder,espour,exponent,partisan,
promoter,supporter,proponent,protagonist,zealot
【反】adversary,antagonist,opponent反对者
☆foreground[ˈfɔːrɡraʊnd]
【考法】n.最受人关注的位置:thepartofasceneorreprentationthatisnearest
toandinfrontofthespectator;apositionofprominence
【例】Thisisanotherworryaboutterrorismthathascometotheforegroundin
recentyears.这是近年来开始备受关注的另一个令人忧虑的恐怖主义问题。
【近】spotlight
spotlight[ˈspɑːtlaɪt]
【考法】vt.使受关注,使突出醒目:todirectattentionto;highlight
【例】ThebudgetcrisisalsospotlightedaweakeningAmericaneconomy.预算
危机也突显了正在衰退的美国经济。
【近】accent,accentuate,emphasize,feature,foreground,highlight,illuminate,
press,punctuate,stress
【反】de-emphasize,minimize,understate,playdown轻描淡写,使不重要
flabby[ˈflæbi]
【考法】adj.疲软的,无力的:lackingstrengthordetermination;weakand
ineffective;feeble
【例】YoucanalwaysheartalkaboutAmericanbusinessbeingflabby.你总能听
到有关美国经济发展疲软、后劲乏力的议论。
【近】debilitated,effete,enervated,faint,feeble,fragile,frail,infirm,languid,
sapped
【反】mighty,powerful,robust,stalwart,stout,strong强壮的,强健的
row[roʊ]
【考法】n.争吵,争执:anoftennoisyorangryexpressionofdifferingopinions
【例】Theincipientrowregardingtaxescouldaffecttradebetweenthetwo
countriesmuchmorethanthefesteringdisputeoverbananaimports,whichhas
unately,thetraderegulatorsemtobeignoring
bothdisagreements.关于税收的初期争端会比持续多年的香蕉进口纠纷对两国贸易影
响更大,但不幸的是这两起争执都被贸易监督机构忽略了。
【近】altercation,controversy,disagreement,dispute,disnsion,fight,
imbroglio,quarrel,squabble,wrangle
【反】accord,asnt,agreement,connsus,harmony,unanimity,unison一致
同意
manacle[ˈmænəkl]
【考法】vt.限制,给…制造困难:toconfineorrestrainwithorasifwithchains;to
createdifficultyfortheworkoractivityof
【例】Someofthecompany’ssupporterschargedthatthenegativereporthad
beenmotivatedbyabroaderpoliticalassaultonthecompanythatwasdesigned
tohelpmarketrivalswhowouldliketoethecompanymanacled.一些该公司
的支持者指责这份不利于该公司的报告背后有着更为巨大的政治阴谋,它旨在让该公司受到
限制——而这正是该公司的市场竞争者们所期待的。
【近】chain,check,clog,encumber,fetter,hamper,handicap,restrain,shackle,
trammel
【反】enfranchi,liberate,unbind,unfetter,unshackle解放;aid,assist,facilitate,
help促进,帮助
cloak[kloʊk]
【考法】vt.遮掩,隐藏:tochangethedressorlooksofsoastoconcealtrueidentity
【例】Unliketheproblemsinrecentfinancialscandals,issuesraidbythe
regulatorsinthiscaappearlargelytopertaintounwieldyaccountingrules
thatareopentowidelydivergentinterpretations—nottoshamtransactions
designedtocloakcorporatemalfeasance.不同于最近发生的金融丑闻,这次由监管者
引发的问题似乎主要与晦涩难懂的会计法规有关(这些法规有很多争议性的解读),而与那
些旨在隐藏公司不法行为的虚假交易没有关系。
【近】belie,camouflage,conceal,cover,curtain,disgui,mask,obscure,occult,
screen,sham,shroud,suppress,veil
【反】debunk,disclo,display,divulge,expo,reveal,show,uncloak,uncover,
unmask,unveil揭露,揭穿
avant-garde[ˌævɑːŋˈɡɑːrd]
【考法】n.(尤指艺术上的)先锋派:anintelligentsiathatdevelopsnewor
experimentalconceptspeciallyinthearts
【例】Tothistheaterworld'savant-garde,silentfilmsemedlikeavery
old-fashionedplaywhotimehadcomeandgone.对于这个影视先锋派而言,无
声电影似乎已是辉煌不再的过时表演方式了。
【近】forerunner,harbinger,pioneer,precursor,vanguard
【反】conrvative,diehard保守者,顽固分子
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