2022年11月22日发(作者：仁爱英语八年级上册)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）
英 语
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分35分）
第一节 语法和词汇知识运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or [].
A. whoevertB. wherevertC. whatever tD. however
22. — Sorry I’m late. I got stuck in traffic.
— []. You’re here now. Come in and sit down.
A. You are welcometB. That’s right tC. I have no idea D. Never mind
23. Maria has written two novels, both of [] have been made into television ries.
A. them tB. that ttC. which ttD. what
24. My first []of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A. expressiont B. attentiontC. satisfaction tD. impression
25. It doesn’t matter []you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A. howtB. whethertC. whatttD. why
26. George returned after the war, only []that his wife had left him.
A. to be told tB. telling C. being toldt D. told
27. He smiled politely [] Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. ast B. if C. unlesstD. though
28. After Jack had nt some e-mails, he []working on his project.
A. had started B. has started C. started D. starts
29. Being able to afford [] drink would be []comfort in tho tough times.
A. the; the tB. a; a t C. a; 不填tD. 不填；a
30. If we [] adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.
A. haven’t madetB. wouldn’t maketC. didn’t make ttD. hadn’t made
31. — I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
— []. I can’t stand all this rain.
A. I don’t care B. It’s hard to saytC. So am ItD.I hope not
32. A number of high buildings have arin [] there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. whentB. wheretC. beforetD. until
33. Be []— you can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
A. reasonablet B. confidentt C. creative tD. grateful
34. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers [].
A. will leavet B. are leaving t C. have lefttD. were leaving
35. After completing and signing it, plea return the form to us in the envelope [].
A. providing tB. provided tC. having provided tD. provide
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
Whenever we hear about “the homeless,”, most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to e people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany?
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germany’s capital. The
y first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren’t 42 . “What the people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. The Mullers didn’t 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations. Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cau and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “ We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and parents shouldn’t 53 money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 54 . She says she will continue with her work becau she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world. t
36. tA. result B. Truth C. reason D. idea
37. tA. traditional tB. developing tC. typical tD. wealthy
38. tA. preparations B. houstC. meals tD. suggestions
39. tA. began tB. met t C. called D. left
40. tA. asleeptB. alone tC. acrosstD. away
41. tA. brought uptB. t uptC. put aside tD. gave away
42. tA. enoughtB. necessarytC. helpfultD. expensive
43. tA. famettB. freedomtC. couragetD. caring
44. tA. hesitatetB. agreetC. pretendtD. intend
45. tA. make ntB. found out tC. make sure tD. worked out
46. tA. openttB. crowded tC. noisytD. near
47. tA. costing tB. wasting tC. taking tD. spending
48. tA. pay for tB. ask for C. look into tD. carry out
49. tA. completely tB. calmlytC. regularly tD. roughly
50. tA. advertitB. llttC. deliver tD. lend
51. tA. donatestB. produces tC. designs tD. collects
52. tA. permissiontB. payment tC. directiontD. support
53. tA. borrowtB. raittC. savettD. expect
54. tA. surprid tB. excited tC. tired D. amud
55. tA. profittB. difference tC. decisiontD. rule
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分 40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Pacific island nation of Nauru ud to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good conquence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship
. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, becau it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. The elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwily and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they ud millions more dollars for personal expens. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
56. What might be the author’s purpo in writing the text?
A. To ek help for Nauru’s problems.
B. To give a warning to other countries
C. To show the importance of money
D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
57. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
A. Rich and powerful ttB. Modern and open
C. Peaceful and attractive t D. Greedy and aggressive
58. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from [].
A. soil pollutiontttB. phosphate over mining
C. farming activity tttD. whale hunting
59. Which of the following was a cau of Nauru’s financial problem?
A. Its leaders misud the moneytB. It spent too much repairing the island
C. Its phosphate mining cost much money tt
D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
60. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?
A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B. The leaders will take the experts’ words riously.
C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans
D. The phosphate mines were destroyed
B
One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to rve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the wor
d and quotations (引文)showing how it was ud.
This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to arch every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had rved in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,”” 50 miles from Oxford.
Minor joined the army of volunteers nding words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors.
But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897， Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himlf. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane.
Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, nding in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.
In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.
Minor died in 1920, ven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.
61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary [].
A. came out before minor died
B. was edited by an American volunteer
C. included the English words invented by Murray
D. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary
62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?
A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.
B. He nt newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.
C. He provided a great number of words and quotations
D. he went to England to work with Murray.
63. Why did Dr. Minor refu to visit Oxford?
A. He was shut in an asylumttB. He lived far from Oxford
C. He was busy writing a bookttD. He disliked traveling
64. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly becau [].
A. they both rved in the Civil War.
B. They had a common interest in words
C. Minor recovered with the help of Murray
D. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor
65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor?
A. Brave and determined tttB. Cautious and friendly
C. Considerate and optimistictttD. Unusual and scholarly
66. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The history of the English language.
B. The friendship between Murray and Minor
C. Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary
D. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients
C
San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has att
racted international attention, is now a local landmark.
The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.
The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnesd squirrels being run over.
One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that day’s coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会).The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere named the bridge “Nutty Narrows.”
After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started Construction, They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire ho(消防水带). It cost 1,000.
It didn’t take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even en guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty Narrows became know in newspapers all over the world.
In 1983, after 20 years of u, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.
Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.
67. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to [].
A. offer squirrels a place to eat nuts
B. t up a local landmark
C. help improve traffic
D. protect squirrels
68. What happened over the coffee break discussion?
A. The committee got the Council’s blessing.
B. The squirrel bridge idea was born
C. A councilwoman named the bridge
D. A squirrel was found dead.
69. What does the underlined phra “teaching them the ropes” probably means in the text?
A. passing them a ropettB. Directing them to store food for winter
C. Teaching them a lessonttD. Showing them how to u the bridge.
70. Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?
A. It was replaced by a longer one. ttB. It was built from wood and metal
C. it was rebuilt after years of u ttD. It was designed by Bill Hutch.
71. What can we learn about Amos Peters?
A. He is remembered for his love of animals.
B. He donated $1,000 to build the bridge
C. He was a member of the City Council
D. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge.
D
For tho who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).
Strange though it may em — “my wife already does that” was a common respon among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week — Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安装) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.
Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.
The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be ud as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus.
Samsung says it’s not just something new — the app connection actually has some practical us.
“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.
The company also says that with electricity rate(电价)varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are ud can help save money.
Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do —enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, urs will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.
72. What can be inferred from the common respon of the attendees at the CES?
A. The machine will be a big success.
B. their wives like doing the laundry.
C. The machine is unrelated to their life.
D. This kind of technology is familiar to them.
73. What can we learn about the new laundry machines?
A. They can tell you when your clothes need washing
B. They can be controlled with a smartphone
C. They are difficult to operate
D. They are sold at a low price
74. We can conclude form Samsung’s statements that [].
A. the app connection makes life easier
B. it is better to dry clothes in the morning
C. smartphone can shorten the drying time
D. we should refresh clothes back at home
75. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The laundry should be frequently checked
B. Lazy people like using such machines
C. Good technologies also cau problems
D. Television may help do the laundry.
第II卷（共45分）
第四部分t书面表达（共两节，满分45分）
第一节t阅读表达（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答案卡相应的位置上（请注意76至79四个小题后面的词数要求）。
[1] Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had
my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”
[2]So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called Goohead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.
[3] After a few years, the website clod down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The Goohead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a ction called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “ I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stresd. I mean, I was only sixteen — I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stresd, too！“
[4] In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when [], becau I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”
76. For what purpo did Ashley create GooHead?(no more than 10 words)
77. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2？ （no more than 6 words）
78. According to paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooHead clod down?(no more than 10 words)
79. How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(no more than 5 word
80. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.
第二节 写作（满分30分）
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，不久前在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。校报请你写一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介绍你课外学习英语的经验。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文：
1.t参加英语角的益处；
2.t坚持写英语日记的作用；
3.t英文阅读网站（EnjoyReading）对你的帮助。
注意：1. 词数：120-150；
2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
英语试题参考答案
第I卷
第一、二、三部分
1-5 CABCA 6-10 CBBCC 11-15 ABBAC 16-20 BAACA 21-25 ADCDB 26-30 AACBD
31-35 CBADB 36-40 BDCAD 41-45 BADAC 46-50 ADBCC 51-55 ABDCB 56-60 BCBAA
61-65 DCABD 66-70 CDBDC 71-75 ADBAC
第II卷
第四部分
参考答案
76. She wanted to create an interesting website for teenagers.
77. Ashley’s GooHead was a big success.
78. She wrote a book called The GooHead Guid
e to Life.
79. She felt happy but stresd.
80. People tell you that you can’t do it.
第二节 写作（略）
