英语六级听力在线

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学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。

为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。”英

语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于

一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很

多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、

“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。

一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽

量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到

生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会

记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、

谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，

句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的

多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准

确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，

对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口

语肯定会有较大的提高。

二、多“听”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听

听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的

机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你

去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。

三、多“读”。

“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅

读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，

因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理

解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券

在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。

四、多“写”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定

就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天

学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你

记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一

小段如下：

r,I'werea

otherwishesmetobeadoctor.

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只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样

比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。

学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练"说",吃完饭后可以读一会儿

英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出

一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。

背英语单词技巧

1、循环记忆法

艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情

感和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单

词、短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从"记"到"忆"是有个过

程的，这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中，

只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一

番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达

不到良好的效果的。

在信息的处理上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息处理

的角度上，英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能

力从生理上讲是十分惊人的，它可以存贮1015比特(byte，字节)的信息，可是

每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%，还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为，

有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果，却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固

度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。

一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(HermannEbbinghaus，1850-1909)，

他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领

域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。

根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记

忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的：

输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如

果不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复习，这

些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时

间。那么，对于我们来讲，怎样才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记

忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，

这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得

出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也就是那些不

能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。

他经过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。

然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗

忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横

轴表示时间(天数)，曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是

固定的一天丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很

快，后来就逐渐减慢了，到了相当长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗

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忘的发展规律，即"先快后慢"的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线，你会发现,学得的知

识在一天后，如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速

度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验，两组学生学习一段课文，

甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持98%，乙组

保持56%；一周后甲组保持83%，乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。

二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线

而且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现，记住12个无意义音节，平均需要

重复16.5次；为了记住36个无意义章节，需重复54次；而记忆六首诗中的480

个音节，平均只需要重复8次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能

记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，

比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较

费力气，在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于

遗忘的一种曲线，而且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的对比，艾宾

浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，不过他们大体上都是一致的。

因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记

忆的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。

三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯

上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后，产生了不

同的记忆数据，从而生成的一种曲线，是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲

线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。

但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，

可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造

世界的行为，只能起一个催化的作用，如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合，那么

就如顺水扬帆，一日千里；如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。

因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线

2》如何学英语

下定决心，坚持不懈

英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一

般地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，

首先建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操

练，大声地朗读，最后达到自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏

效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆

苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循

听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到的内容全

部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你

可想象他听了多少英语；用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他

写了多少，在一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说每天抽

出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是

坚持，只要能下定决心，坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯

定会有收获的。

注意方法，循序渐进

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决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不

同的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基

础知识掌握好，也就是说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、

基本语法要会用。

（1）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那

些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快

地能利用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。

（2）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习

单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多

类的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料

中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢

的。坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏，想

一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。

（3）掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语

的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做

大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但

要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确，熟练。

只有经过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自如。

提前预习，有的放矢

作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下

试着拼读单词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来，

注意上课老师的发音，还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或

辅导材料，预习一遍课文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时

注意听这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容，找出不明白的地方，

带着问题听课，做到有的放矢。

认真听课，积极配合

课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的

老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上

课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上

教师没有讲到的，要向老师提出，把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，

下课后整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问题，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和

考点。总之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，调动起多个感官来。

完成作业，找出问题

学完每一课，要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，

做完后再对答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题，应该记下来，等下次上

课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节，它是消化知识和巩固知识的

过程，一定要认真完成规定的作业，笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动

嘴，提高听力要练一练耳，课文在听和读的基础上，最好背诵某些精彩段落。

总之，要做大量的练习，英语是练出来的，一定不要偷懒。

及时复习，巩固知识

学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更

不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻

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遗忘的程度。善于类比，总结知识，把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行

横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。

我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的，及时复习对于记忆非常必要，学英语

就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地重复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学

习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。

总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，

完成作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学

习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。”英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，

为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦

呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那

么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你

的英语成绩肯定会很出色。

一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量

用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词

时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。

千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、

谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，

句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。

因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准

能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，

对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语

肯定会有较大的提高。

二、多“听”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听

各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会

少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学

过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。

三、多“读”。

“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读

速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因

为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程

度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。

另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。

四、多“写”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就

写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了

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6

某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这

个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：

friend

r,I'wereateacherinthe

otherwishesmetobeadoctor.

只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样

比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。

学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练"说",吃完饭后可以读一会儿

英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一

些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。

背英语单词技巧

1、循环记忆法

艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情感

和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、

短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从"记"到"忆"是有个过程的，

这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注

重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫

的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好

的效果的。

在信息的处理上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息处理的

角度上，英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从

生理上讲是十分惊人的，它可以存贮1015比特(byte，字节)的信息，可是每个

人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%，还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为，有些

人只关注了记忆的当时效果，却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问

题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。

一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(HermannEbbinghaus，1850-1909)，

他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领

域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。

根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记忆

两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的：

输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果

不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复习，这些短

时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那

么，对于我们来讲，怎样才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东

西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是

遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得出了一些关

于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也就是那些不能拼出单词来

的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测

试，得到了一些数据。

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然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘

规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横轴表

示时间(天数)，曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是固

定的一天丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快，

后来就逐渐减慢了，到了相当长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗忘的发

展规律，即"先快后慢"的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线，你会发现,学得的知识在一天

后，如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢，

遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验，两组学生学习一段课文，甲组在学习

后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持98%，乙组保持56%；

一周后甲组保持83%，乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。

二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线

而且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现，记住12个无意义音节，平均需要

重复16.5次；为了记住36个无意义章节，需重复54次；而记忆六首诗中的480

个音节，平均只需要重复8次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能记

得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，比较

容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气，

在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种

曲线，而且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的对比，艾宾浩斯又得出了

不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，不过他们大体上都是一致的。

因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记忆

的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。

三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯

上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后，产生了不同

的记忆数据，从而生成的一种曲线，是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并

不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。

但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可

能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界

的行为，只能起一个催化的作用，如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合，那么就如顺

水扬帆，一日千里；如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，

我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线

2》如何学英语

下定决心，坚持不懈

英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般

地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，首先

建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大

声地朗读，最后达到自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道

隆教授45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆苦恼、逆

急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、

背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其

是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可想象他听了多少

英语；用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在一年半

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内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。

如果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只要能下定决心，

坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。

注意方法，循序渐进

决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不同

的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知

识掌握好，也就是说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本

语法要会用。

（1）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那

些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地

能利用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。

（2）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习

单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类

的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去

学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。坚

持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏，想一下单词

的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。

（3）掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语

的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大

量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但要注

意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确，熟练。只有经

过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自如。

提前预习，有的放矢

作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试

着拼读单词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来，注

意上课老师的发音，还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导

材料，预习一遍课文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时注意听

这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容，找出不明白的地方，带着问题

听课，做到有的放矢。

认真听课，积极配合

课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老

师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要

专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没

有讲到的，要向老师提出，把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，下课后

整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问题，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和考点。总

之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，调动起多个感官来。

完成作业，找出问题

学完每一课，要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，做

完后再对答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题，应该记下来，等下次上课时

提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节，它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程，

一定要认真完成规定的作业，笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动嘴，提高

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

9

听力要练一练耳，课文在听和读的基础上，最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之，要做

大量的练习，英语是练出来的，一定不要偷懒。

及时复习，巩固知识

学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不

必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘

的程度。善于类比，总结知识，把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和

纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。我们大

部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的，及时复习对于记忆非常必要，学英语就是要坚

持天天不断的练，不断地重复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过

程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。

总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，

完成作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语

2010年12月英语六级听力原文完整版

SectionA

短对话（11~18）

11

W:’slocatedinaquiet

buildingandit’sclotobuslines.

M:katit,it’sawful,thepainthaspeeledoffandthecarpetiswornand

thestoveisancient.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?

12

M:Thepictureswetookatthebotanicalgardenshouldbereadytomorrow.

W:Ican’twaittoethem,I’mwonderingiftheshotsItookareasgoodasIthought.

Q:Whatisthewomaneagertoknow?

13

W:haveitfixedbynextTuesday?

M:Letmee,Ineedtofindahandlethatmatchesbutthatshouldn’ttaketoolong.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

14

M:ThistrucklookslikewhatIneedbutI’t’llhaveto

operateforlongperiodsoftimeinverycoldtemperatures.

W:Wouliketo

ethem?

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?

15

M:Ithinkyourbosswouldbeveryuptwhenhegetsyourletterofresignation.

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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W:heletter,IjusttoldhimfranklyIcouldnolongerlivewithhispoor

managementandstupiddecisions.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?

16

WI’dliketoexchangetheshirt.I’velearnedthatthepersonIboughtitforisallergictowool.

comethisway.

Q；Whatdoesthewomenwanttodo？

17

M:Excume,Miss？Didanyonehappentoturninanewhandbag?Youknow,it’sabirthdaygift

formywife.

W:,we’vegotquitealotofwomen’givememoredetailed

information,suchasitscolor,thesizeandthetrademark?

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

18

MWhatareyougoingtodowiththeoldhouyouinheritedfromyourgrandfather?

WIonceintendedtollit,butnow,I’mthinkingofturningitintoaguesthou,becauit'sstill

asolidstructure.

Q:Whatdoesthemanplantodowithhisoldhou?

长对话（19~25）

W:Whenyouwriteanovel,doyouknowwhereyou’regoing,?

M:Yes,youmust,really,ifyou’rewritingtheclassicaldetectivestory,becauitmustbeso

n’t

meantosayIalwaysgetitright,tissofascinatingis

stomethatcreativewritingisaprocess

ofrevelation,really,ratherthanofcreativityintheordinaryn.

W:Whenyou’replanningthebasicstructure,doyouliketogoawaytobesurethatyou’reby

yourlf?

M:Ineedtobebymylfcertainly,’’t

mindmuchwhereIamaslongasI’vegotenoughspacetowrite,butIneedtobecompletely

alone.

W:Isthatveryimportanttoyou?

M:Oh,yes.I’veneverbeenlonelyinallmylife.

W:Howextraordinary!Never?

M:No,never.

W:You’eoncesaidthatthere’sabitoficeattheheartofeverywriter.

M:tercanstandasidefromexperienceandlookatit,watchit

sthis‘detachment’andIrealizethatthereareobviouslyexperienceswhich

yoften,awritercanappeartostandaside,andthis

detachmentmakespeoplefeelthere’sabitoficeintheheart.

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Questions19to21arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

thekeytowriteagoodclassicaldetectivestoryaccordingtotheman?

esthemanmainlyneedwhenworkingonabook?

esthemansayaboutwriters?

W:Thereisanelementthereaboutcompetitionthen,isn’tthere?BecauBritishrailwaysarea

’on’tlikeaparticular

kindofbigbeans,oudon'tlikeaparticularrailway,youcan’t

goanduanother.

M:ythatifyoudidn’thaveamonopoly,you

wouldn’,Idon’tthinkwedoanythingdeliberatelytoupt

1946,whentheTransportActcamein,we

werenationalized.

W:Doyouthinkthat’sagoodthing?Hasitbeenagoodthingfortherailways,doyouthink,tobe

nationalized?

M:OhIthinkso,eingeneral,’sfacethefact.

snoquestionaboutthat.

W:Sowhatareyousayingthen?Isitiftherailwayshappenbeingnationalized,theywould

simplyhavedisappeared?

M:Oh,’,theFrenchrailways

manrailways,e,tho

governmentsarepreparingtopourmoneyintothetransportsystemtokeepitgoing.

W:Soinan,nehand,you’retryingnottolotoo

heotherhand,you’vegottoprovidethebestrvice.

M:Yes,youareright.

Questions22to25arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

esthewomansayaboutBritishrailways?

somepeoplewhowritetothemancomplainabout?

esthemansaythreatenstheexistenceofrailways?

esthemansayaboutrailwaysinothercountries?

SectionB

PassageOne

Amongglobalwarming’smostfrighteningthreatsisthepredictionthatthepolarice-capswill

melt,raisingalevelsomuchthatcoastalcitiesfromNewYorktoLosAnglestoShanghaiwill

istsagreethatthekeyplayerinthisscenarioistheWestAntarcticicesheet,a

floatingiceshelveswhich

havelittleimpactonalevelwhentheybreakup,theicesheetisanchoredtobedrockwellbelow

ndedbyopenocean,itisalsovulnerable,butAntarcticexpertsdisagree

,newevidencerevealsthatallormostofthewest

Antarcticicesheetcollapdatleastonceduringthepast1.3millionyears,aperiodwhenglobal

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12

icesheetwas

ogicaltime,of,which

waspublishedlastweekinScience,comesfromateamofscientistsfromUppsalaUniversityin

SwedenandtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologywhodrilldeepholesneartheedgeoftheice

undfossils

ofmicroscopicmarineplantswhichsuggestthattheregionwasonceanopenocean,notsolidice.

AsHermanEngelhard,aco-authorfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologysays,‘theWest

Antarcticicesheetdisappearedonceandcandisappearagain.’

oneofthemostfrighteningthreatsofglobalwarmingaccordingtothepassage?

dscientistsdisagreeon?

thelatestinformationrevealedabouttheWestAntarcticicesheet?

esthescientists’latestfindingsuggest?

PassageTwo

It'salwaysfuntowriteaboutrearchthatyoucanactuallytryoutforyourlf.

Trythis:TakeaphotoanduploadittoFacebook,thenafteradayorso,notewhattheURLlinkto

sare:It

will.

Facebookisn'chersatCambridgeUniversityhavefoundthatnearlyhalfofthe

socialnetworkingsitesdon'

general,photo-centricwebsiteslikeFlickrwerefoundtobebetteratquicklyremovingdeleted

photosuponrequest.

Whydo"deleted"photosstickaroundsolong?Theproblemrelatestothewaydataisstoredon

largewebsites:Whileyourpersonalcomputeronlykeepsonecopyofafile,large-scalervices

likeFacebookrelyonwhatarecalledcontentdeliverynetworkstomanagedataanddistribution.

It'sacomplexsystemwhereindataiscopiedtomultipleintermediatedevices,usuallytospeedup

accesstofi

becauchangesaren'treflectedacrossthecontentdeliverynetworksimmediately,ghostcopiesof

filestendtolingerfordaysorweeks.

InthecaofFacebook,thecompanysaysdatamayhangarounduntiltheURLinquestionis

reud,whichisusually"afterashortperiodoftime",thoughobviouslythattimecanvary

considerably.

esthespeakeraskustotryout?

countsforthefailureofsomewebsitestoremovephotosimmediately?

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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lltheunwanteddataeventuallydisappearfromFacebookaccordingtothecompany?

PassageThree

Enjoyinganicedcoffee?Betterskipdinnerorhitthegymafterwards,withacancercharity

warningthatsomeicedcoffeescontainasmanycaloriesasahotdinner.

TheWorldCancerRearchFund(WCRF)conductedasurveyoficedcoffeessoldbysome

popularchainsinBritainincludingStarbucks,CaféNeroandCostaCoffeetogaugethecaloriesas

studiesincreasinglylinkobesitywithcancer.

cedcoffeescontained

morethan450caloriesandthemajorityhadanexcessof200.

Healthexpertsadvithattheaveragewomanshouldconsumeabout2,000caloriesadayanda

manabout2,saimfor1,000to1,500caloriesa

day.

"Thefactthatthereisanicedcoffeeonthemarketwithoveraquarterofawoman'sdailycalories

allowanceisalarming,"DrRachelThompson,scienceprogrammanageratLondon-badWCRF,

saidinawidely-reportedstatement.

"Thisistheamountofcaloriesyoumightexpecttohaveinaneveningmeal,notinadrink."

TheWCRFhastimatedthat19,000cancersayearinBritaincouldbepreventedifpeoplelost

theirexcessweightwithgrowingevidencethatexcessbodyfatincreastheriskofvarious

cancers.

"Ifyouarehavingthetypesofcoffeeregularlythentheywillincreathechancesofyou

becomingoverweight,whichinturnincreasyourriskofdevelopingcancer,aswellasother

diassuchasheartdia."sheadded.

rningdidsomehealthexpertsgive?

estheauthorsuggestpeopledoaftertheyhaveanicedcoffee?

uldBritishpeopleexpectiftheymaintainanormalbodyweightaccordingtothe

WCRF?

SectionC

Psychologistsarefindingthathopeplaysasurprisinglyvitalroleingivingpeopleameasurable

advantageinroundsasdiverasacademicachievement,bearingupintoughjobs,andcoping

,bycontrast,thelossofhope,isturningouttobeastrongersignthata

personmaycommitsuicidethanotherfactorslongthoughttobemorelikelyrisks.‘Hopehas

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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provenapowerfulpredictorofoutcomeineverystudywe'vedonesofar,’saidDoctorCharlesR.

Snyder,apsychologist,

example,inrearchwith3920collegestudents,DoctorSnyderandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthe

levelofhopeamongfreshmenatthebeginningoftheirfirstmesterwasamoreaccurate

predictoroftheircollegegrades,thanweretheirSATscoresortheirgradepointaveragesinhigh

school,thetwomeasuresmostcommonlyudtopredictcollegeperformance.‘Studentswith

highhopetthemlveshighergoalsandknowhowtoworktoattainthem,’DoctorSnydersaid.

‘Whenyoucomparestudentsofequivalentintelligenceandpastacademicachievements,what

tsthemapartishope.’Indevisingawaytoassshopescientifically,DoctorSnyderwent

beyondthesimplenotionthathopeismerelythenthateverythingwillturnoutallright.‘That

notionisnotconcreteenoughanditblurstwokeycomponentsofhope,’DoctorSnydersaid,

‘Havinghopemeansbelievingyouhaveboththewillandthewaytoaccomplishyourgoals,

whatevertheymaybe.’

2010年06月英语六级听力原文完整版

SectionA

ShortConversation

11.M:Oh,I’msosorryIforgottobringalongthebookyouborrowedfromthelibrary.

W:Whataterriblememoryyouhave!Anyway,Iwon’asIcan

getitbythen,OK?

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?

12.W:Doctor,Ihaven’tbeenabletogetenoughsleeplately,andI’mtootiredtoconcentratein

class.

M:Well,youknow,spendingtoomuchtimeindoorswithallthatartificiallightingcandothatto

dylostrackofwhetherit’sdayornight.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

13.M:IthinkI’llgetoneofthonewT-shirts,youknow,withtheschool’slogoonboththefront

andtheback.

W:You’eexpensive,andI’veheardtheprintingfadeasilywhenyouwash

them.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

14.W:Ithinkyourarticleintheschoolnewspaperisrightontarget,andyourviewpointshave

certainlyconvincedme.

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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M:Thanks,butinviewofthegeneralrespons,youandIaredefinitelyintheminority.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

15.M:Igoeherandapologize

toheragain?

W:Well,ifIwereyou,I’dlethercooloffafewdaysbeforeIapproachher.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

16.M:WouldyoupleatellmewhereIcangetbatteriesforthisbrandofcamera?

W:,yes,godownthisaisle,passthegardentools,you’llfindthemonthe

shelfnexttothelightbulbs.

Q:Whatisthemanlookingfor?

17.M:OurbasketballteamisplayinginthefinalsbutIdon’I’lljustwatch

anttocomeover?

W:’haveitforwhatitcostme.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

18.M:Honey,I’oubringmy

suitandtiealong?

W:Sure,it’sthefirstperformanceoftheStateSymphonyOrchestrainourcity,sosuitandtieisa

must.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

LongConversations

Conversation1

M:Igottwolettersthismorningwithjoboffers,onefromthePolytechnic,andtheotherfromthe

LanguageSchoolinPistoia,Italy.

W:Soyouarenotsurewhichtogofor?

M:That’,theconditionsofworkareverydifferent:ThePolytechnicisoffering

two-yearcontractwhichcouldberenewed,buttheLanguageSchoolisonlyofferingayear’s

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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contract,andthat’dberenewed,butyouneverknow.

W:’don’tneedtothinktoomuchaboutsteadyjobswhen

youareonly23.

M:That’strue.

W:Whataboutthesalaries?

M:Well,thePistoiajobpaysmuchbetterintheshortterm.I’llbegettingtheequivalentofabout

22,000poundsayearthere,butonly20,nthehoursare

olytechnicI’dhavetodo35hoursaweek,20teachingand15administration,

whereasthePistoiaschoolisonlyaskingfor30hoursteaching.

W:Mmm…

M:ytechnicisalladultsandmostlypreparation

guageSchoolwantsmetodoabitofexam

preparation,butalsoquitealotofworkincompaniesandfactories,andacoupleofchildren’s

,andabitofliteratureteaching.

W:Well,’dimagineyou’dbedoingquitea

lotofteachingoutsidetheschool,andmovingaroundquiteabit.

M:Yes,whereaswiththePolytechnicposition,I’dbestuckintheschoolallday.

Questions19to21arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard:

welearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?

welearnaboutthestudentsatthePolytechnic?

esthewomanthinkofthejobattheLanguageSchool?

Conversation2

Goodeveningandwelcometotonight'jectthiveningis

JamesDean,Murrayistheauthorofa

newbiographyofDean.

W:Goodevening,Edward.

M:HelloTina.

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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W:Edward,telluswhatyouknowaboutDean'arlylife.

M:HewasborninIndianain1931,

wasn''sfathernt

himbacktoIndianaafterthattolivewithhisaunt.

W:Sohowdidhegetintoacting?

M:Well,firstheactedinplaysathighschool,thenhewenttocollegeinCaliforniawherehegot

1951hemovedtoNewYorktodomorestageacting.

W:Thenwhendidhismoviecareerreallystart?

M:cameahugesuccess.

Butthemoviethatreallymadehimfamouswashiscondone,RebelWithoutaCau,thatwas

aboutteenagerswhofeltliketheydidn'tfitintosociety.

W:Sohowmanymoremoviesdidhemake?

M:Justonemore,thenhediedinthatcarcrashinCaliforniain1955.

W:Whatatragedy!Heonlymadethreemovies!Sowhatmadehimthelegendhestillistoday?

M:WellIguesshislooks,hisactingability,hisshortlife,andmaybethetypeofcharacterhe

ungpeoplesawhimasasymbolofAmericanyouths.

Questions22to25arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard:

Q22Whatisthewomandoing?

Q23WhydidJamesDeanmovebacktoIndianawhenhewasyoung?

Q24WhatdoesthemansayJamesDeandidatcollegeinCalifornia?

Q25WhatdowelearnaboutJamesDeanfromtheconversation?

SectionB

Passage1

Thetimeis9o’clockandthisisMarianSnowwiththenews.

TheGermanauthoritiesarendinginvestigatorstodiscoverthecauoftheplanecrashlate

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ne,aBoeing737,takingGermanholidaymakerstothe

newascarrying180

’workersareatthescene.

TheBritishindustrialistJamesLouis,heldbykidnappersinCentralAfricaforthepast8months,

nappershadbeendemanding1millionpoundsforthe

donBankandtheiragentswhohadbeennegotiatingwiththe

kidnappershavenotsaidwhetheranyamountofmoneyhasbeenpaid.

The500UKmotorsworkerswhohadbeenonstrikeinHighTownforthepast3threeweekswent

llowssuccessfultalksbetweenmanagementandunion

reprentatives,sman

forthemanagementsaidthatthey’dhopetheycouldnowgetbacktoproducingcars,andthatthey

lostalotofmoneyandordersoverthisdispute.

coldstart,

towardslateafternoon,rainwillspreadfromScotlandtocovermostpartsbymidnight.

Questions26–29arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q26WhatdoesthenewssayabouttheBoeing737plane?

Q27WhathappenedtoBritishindustrialistJamesLouis?

Q28Howdidthe3-weekstrikeinHighTownend?

Q29Whatkindofweatherwillbeexpectedbymidnightinmostpartsofthecountry?

Passage2

JuanLouis,ajuniorgeologymajor,decidedtogiveaninformativespeechabouthowearthquakes

saudienceanalysishelearnedthatonly2or3ofhisclassmatesknewmuchof

alizedthenthathemustprenthisspeechatanelementarylevel

andwithaminimumofscientificlanguage.

Ashepreparedthespeech,Juankeptaskinghimlf,“HowcanImakethisclearandmeaningful

tosomeonewhoknowsnothingaboutearthquakesorgeologicalprinciples?”Sincehewas

speakingintheMidwest,hedecidedtobeginbynotingthatthemostvereearthquakein

AmericanhistorytookplacenotinCaliforniaorAlaskabutatNewMadrid,

suchanearthquakehappenedtoday,itwouldbefeltfromtheRockyMountainstotheAtlantic

,hefigured,shouldget

hisclassmates’attention.

Throughoutthebodyofthespeech,Juandealtonlywiththebasicmechanicsofearthquakesand

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preparedvisualaids,diagrammingfoldlines,sohis

classmateswouldn’solutelysafe,Juanaskedhisroommate,whowasnota

geologymajor,tolistentothespeech.“Stopme,”hesaid,“anytimeIsaysomethingyoudon’t

understand.”Juan’achspot,Juanworkedoutawayto

y,hehadaspeechthatwasinterestingandperfectly

understandabletohisaudience.

Questions30–32arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q30WhatdidJuanLouislearnfromtheanalysisofhisaudience?

Q31HowdidJuanLouisstarthisspeech?

Q32WhatdidJuanaskhisroommatetodowhenhewasmakinghistrialspeech?

Passage3

Esperantoisanartificiallanguage,designedtorveinternationallyasanauxiliarymeansof

reatedbyLudwigLazarZamenhof,

eargumentsanddisagreements,

themovementhascontinuedtoflourishandhasmembersinmorethan80countries.

Esperantoisudinternationallyacrosslanguageboundariesbyatleast1millionpeople,

edinpersonalcontexts,onradiobroadcastsandina

numberoularity

hasspreadformEurope,botheastandwest,,however,

ughtinuniversitiesandudinmany

translations,LACHINIO,whichmeans

“FromPeople’sChina”,

Beijing’sEsperantoprogramisthemostpopularprograminEsperantointheworld.

Esperanto’svocabularyisdrawnprimarilyfromLatin,theRomancelanguages,Englishand

eandconsistenttofendingsindicates

rexample,everynounendsin“o”,everyadjectivein“a”,

andthebasicformofeveryverbin“i”.Esperantoalsohasahighlyproductivesystemof

constructingnewwordsfromoldones.

Questions33–35arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q33WhatdoesthespeakertellusaboutEsperanto?

Q34WhatissaidabouttheinternationalmovementtopromotetheuofEsperanto?

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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Q35WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutEsperantoinChina?

SectionC

GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansare"talkedinto"tthatwegain

arliestyearsofourlives,ourparentstell

uswhoweare."You'reintelligent.""You'resostrong."Wefirsteourlvesthroughtheeyesof

,weinteractwith

teachers,friends,,

howweeourlvesreflectstheviewsofusthatotherscommunicate.

Theprofoundconnectionbetweenidentityandcommunicationisdramaticallyevidentinchildren

udiesofchildrenwhoareisolatedfromothersreveal

thattheylackafirmlf-concept,andtheirmentalandpsychologicaldevelopmentisverely

hinderedbylackoflanguage.

Communicationwithothersnotonlyaffectsournofidentity,butalsodirectlyinfluencesour

tently,rearchshowsthatcommunicatingwithothers

promoteshealth,whereassocialisolationislinkedtostress,dia,who

lackclofriendshavegreaterlevelsofanxietyanddepressionthanpeoplewhoarecloto

ofrearchersrevealscoresofstudiesthattracetherelationshipbetweenhealth

clusionwasthatsocialisolationisstatisticallyasdangerousas

highbloodpressure,ctorsandrearchersbelievethatloneliness

harmstheimmunesystem,makingusmorevulnerabletoarangeofminerandmajorillness.

2009年12月英语六级真题听力原文（完整版）

SectionA对话部分

11.

W:DidyouucreditcardsonyourvacationlastmonthinEurope?

M:ryinglots

ofcashisstillverycommonamongsomeolderpeopletravelingabroad.

Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutsomeelderlypeople?

12.

W:’swrongwithhim?

M:Hewaspasdoverinthelectionprocessforthedeanoftheadmission’’d

beenhopingforthepositionforalongtime.

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Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

13.

M:WhatagreatsingerJustinis!’llneverregretthe

moneyyoupaidfortheticket.

W:gbytheamountoftheapplau,everyonewanjoyingit.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

14.

W:emember?Hewasoneofthe

chairpersonsofourstudentsunion.

M:Yes,butIhaven’lyI’vebeenoutoftouchwithhim

sinceourfirstreunionaftergraduation.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakers?

15.

M:’sstopfordinner.

W:’sfindamotel,sothatwecangetanearlystarttomorrow.

Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?

16.

W:Let’iable

arethefigures?

M:Theyhavea5%marginoferror

Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

17.

W:Lookatthiscatalogue,Iwanttogetthisredblou.

M:Err,Ithinkyou’eedeverycolorintherainbow?

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

18.

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W:Thisnoticesaysthatalltheintroductorymarketingclassareclod.

M:Thatcan’’ssuppodtobe13ofthemthismester.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

ConversationOne

M:Ieonyourresumethatyouworkedasamanagerofastorecalled“ComputerCountry”.

Couldyoutellmealittlemoreaboutyourresponsibilitiesthere?

W:loftheorderingfor

thestore,andIkepttrackoftheinventory.

M:Whatwasthemostdifficultpartofyourjob?

W:’thavethemveryoften,butwhenwedid,I

ll,thecustomerisalwaysright.

M:That’gdidyouworkthere?

W:hecompanylastmonth.

M:Andwhydidyouleave?

W:derstandyourcompanyhasan

openingtheretoo.

M:Yes,that’positionwon’hat

beaproblemforyou?

W:No,and’snewjobdoesn’oughtwe

wouldspendsometimedrivingtoBostonandstoptoemyparents.

M:me,whyareyouinterestedinthisparticularposition?

W:Iknowthatyourcompanyhasagreatreputation,andawonderfulproduct.I’vethought

eardabouttheopeninginBoston,I

jumpedtotheopportunity.

M:WellI’mgladyoudid.

sthewoman’spreviousjob?

esthewomansaywasthemostdifficultpartofherjob?

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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hewomanlookingforajobinBoston?

nthewomanstarttoworkifshegetsthejob?

ConversationTwo

W:TodayinthestudiowehaveAlbertoQuatells,thewell-knownBrazilianofthe

’sheretotalkabouttherecentreport,statingthatby2050Brazilwillbe

theoneottheword’o,whatdoyousaytothe

report?

M:Youknowthisisn’tthefirsttimethatpeoplearesayingBrazilwillbeagreateconomic

idn’thappen.

W:Yes,butyoumustadmittheworld’saverydifferentplacenow.

M:Ibelievethere’smaybesometruthinthepredictionthistimearound.

Firstofall,though,wemustremembertheproblemsfacingBrazilatthemoment.

W:Suchas…?

M:There’aulo,you

caneshoppingmallsfullofdesignedgoodsrightnextdoortotheslamareaswithoutwaterand

workneedstobedonetohelppeopleinthoareasimprovetheir

lives.

W:Whatneedstobedone?

M:Education,ziltobesuccessful,weneedtooffereducationtoall

sfulcountrieslikeSouthKoreaandSingaporehaveexcellenteducationsystems.

Brazilneedstolearnfromthecountries.

W:Soyouarehopefulforthefuture.

M:AsIsaidearlier,I’n’tomakesurethatthe

importantopportunitiesforBraziliansaren’twasted,astheywereinthepast.

estherecentreportsayaboutBrazil?

oblemdoesAlbertosayBrazilfacesnow?

esAlbertosayabouteconomicallysuccessfulcountries?

SectionB听力短文

PassageOne

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raduatingfromcollege

withdegreesinchemistryandmicrobiology,shewenttoworkatGulfSouthRearchInstitutein

ofherjob,sheconductedfieldrearchontoxicsubstancesintheenvironment,

ndmanyfamilies

werebeingexpodhigh,sometimesdeadly,levelsofchemicalsandothertoxicsubstances,but

shewasnotallowedtomakeherinformationpublic.

Frustratedbytherestrictions,Subraleftherjobin1981,createdherowncompany,and

hasdevotedthepasttwodecadestohelpingpeoplefightbackagainstgiantindustrialpolluters.

Sheworkswithfamiliesandcommunitygroupstoconductenvironmentaltests,interprettest

results,eofherefforts,dozensoftoxicsitesacrossthecountry

havebeencleanedup,andonechemicalindustryspokespersoncallsher“atopgunforthe

environmentalmovement.”

HowhasWilmaSubraachievedallthis?Partlythroughherscientifictraining,partly

tasimportantisherabilityto

communicatewithpeoplethroughpublicspeaking.“Publicspeaking,”shesays,“istheprimary

vehicleIuforreachingpeople.”

IfyouhadaskedSubrabefore1981,“Doyoueyourlfasamajorpublicspeaker?”She

he

wayshehaslecturedatHarvard,testifiedbeforeCongress,andaddresdaudiencesin40states,

aswellasinMexico,Canada,andJapan.

dWilmaSubradoaspartofherjobwhileworkingatGulfSouthRearch

Institute?

dWilmaSubraleaveherjobin1981?

sultshaveWilmaSubra’ffortshadintheparttwodecades?

esthespeakersayhascontributedtoWilmaSubra’ssuccess?

Passage2

Oneofthebiggestchallengesfacingemployersandeducatorstodayistherapidadvanceof

ketplaceisnolongernationalorregional,butextendstoallcornersofthe

sitieshavealargeparttoplayin

preparingstudentsforthe21stcenturylabormarketbypromotinginternationaleducational

tobviouswayuniversitiescanhelpdevelopglobalworkforceisby

tswhohaveexperienced

anotherculturefirsthandaremorelikelytobeglobalreadywhentheygraduate.

Globalworkforcedevelopmentdoesn’

studentslearnanotherlanguageandstudyothercultures,theywillbemoreglobalreadywhen

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

25

portanttopointoutthatstudentsalsoneedtohaveadeepunderstandingof

theirownculturebeforetheycanbegintoobrve,

multi-culturalsocieties,peoplecanstudyeachother’scultures,todevelopintercultural

competencies,suchascriticalandreflectivethinking,nbedone

boththroughthecurriculumandthroughactivitiesoncampus,outsideoftheclassroom,suchas

artexhibitions,iversitiesarealreadyembracing

thischallenge,ts

themlves,however,maynotrealizethatwhentheygraduate,theywillbecompetinginaglobal

labormarket,anduniversitiesneedtoraiawarenessoftheissuesamongstundergraduates.

Questions30-32

Q30:Whatisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingemployersጉandeducatorstoday?

Q31:Whatshouldstudentsdofirstbeforetheycanreallyunderstandothercultures?

Q32:Whatshouldcollegestudentsrealizeaccordingtothespeaker?

Passage3

Toeifhaircoloraffectsaperson’schancesofgettingajob,rearchersatCaliforniaState

Universityasked136collegestudentstoreviewtheresumeandphotographofafemaleapplicant

applicant’spicture

wasaltered,sothatinsomephotosherhairwasgolden,

result?Withbrownhair,thewomanwasratedmorecapable,andshewasofferedahighersalary

spondents

ratewomenwithgoldenhairwithlessintelligentthanotherpeople,andredheadsasmore

ithredorgoldenhairarevictimsofthecommonpracticeof

stereotyping.

Astereotypeisasimplisticorexaggeratedimagethathumanscarryingintheirmindsabout

mple,typing

yingtochooaspeechtopic,somemalesthinkthat

womenareuninterestedinhowtorepaircars,whilesomefemalesthinkthatmenareuninterested

increativehobbies,ldrejectstereotypes,becauthey

iltoaccountforindividual

differences,wyersare

dishonest,yes!menareuninterestedinrepairingcars,yes!Butsome

areenthusiasticmechanics.

SectionC复合听写

TheancientGreeksdevelopedbasicmemorysystemscalled“Numonyx”.Thenameis

derivedfromtheirGoddessofmemory“Mnemosyne”.Intheancientworld,atrainedmemory

wasanimmenast,erenoconvenientdevicesfortaking

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notesandearlyGreekoratorsdeliveredlongspeecheswithgreataccuracybecautheylearned

eksdiscoveredthathumanmemoryislargelyan

mple,

llstheshape,color,taste,smellandtexture

ansthat

anythoughtabo

examplecouldbewhenyouthinkaboutalectureyouwillhave.

Thiscouldtriggeramemoryaboutwhatyouaretalkingaboutthroughthatlecture,which

sthaveto

plegivenonthewebsiteIwaslookingatfollows:“doyouremember

theshapeofAustral,Canada,BelgiumorGermany.”outItaly,though?If

youremembertheshapeofItaly,itisbecauyouhavebeentoldsometimethatItalyisshaped

eanassociationwithsomethingyou’vealreadyknown—theshapeofaboot.

AndItaly’sshapecouldnotbeforgottenonceyou’vemadetheassociation

2009年6月大学英语六级听力文本

短对话

11.W:IforgottotellyouthatFredcalledlastnighttoborrowyoursleepingbag.

M:Oh,Isawhimatthegymthismorning,buthedidn’sthaveasked

somebodyel.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

12.W:ventoohottogotothe

poolyesterday.

M:ingtotheweatherreportweshouldhavesomereliefbytheendofthe

week.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

13.W:Well,tonightwehaveProfessorBrowninourstudiototalkaboutthefamousoilpainting

ening,professor.

M:Goodevening,madam,mypleasuretobeheretonight.

Q:Whatisthewomandoing?

14.M:ldn’tknowbylookingatthem

thatIwaterthemeveryweek.

W:Maybetheydon’

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littleshadehelpsthemimmenly.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

15.M:I’mreallyexhausted,n’twanttomisstheHollywoodmoviethatcomeson

at11.

W:IfIwereyou,I’wayI’veheardit’s

notaxcitingasadvertid.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

16.M:’tyouthinkso?

W：Well,Icouldn’I’vecometolikemodernart,particularly

thosculpturescarvedbyItalianartists.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

17.M:I’mreallygladourclub

decidedtoraimoneyforthechildren’tofthepeoplewephonedemed

happytocontribute.

W:Yeah!twe’vegonethroughallthenumbersonourlist,Iguesswecancallita

day.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakers?

18.M:HaveyouheardofProfessorSmith?

I’youthink?

W:Yeah!’spublisheddozensofbookssofar,oncebeenrecommendedasa

textbookforpostgraduates.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

长对话

Longconversationone

W:You’ndoftopicsdoesyourprogramcover?

M:Well,’’t

suesofgeneralsocialconcerntoourBritishaudience.

Theycanbeanythingfromthefutureofthehealthrvicetothewaytheenvironmentisgoing

downhill.

W:Howdoyouchoothetopic?Doyouchooonebecauit’swhatthepublicwantstoknow

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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aboutorbecauit’swhatyoufeelthepublicoughttoknowabout?

M:Ithinkit’mesyouhaveastrongfeelingthatsomethingisimportant

mespeople

comnbea

storyaboutcorruptioninlocalgovernment,somethingtheycannotquiteunderstand,whyit

doesn’temtobeworkingoutproperly,liketheyarenothavingtheirlittercollectedproperlyor

thedustbinmptied.

W:Howdoyouknowthatyou’vegotareallysuccessfulprogram?Onethatisjustrightforthe

time?

M:wwhich

egoingtobepublishedjustthepointwhenthepublic

areconcernedaboutthat.

Q19-21

ndoftopicsdoesPublicEyecover?

sPublicEyechooitstopics?

ctorplaysanimportantroleinrunningasuccessfulprogram?

Passage1

Gettingbehindthewheelofacarcanbeanexcitingnewstepinateen’ngwiththat

excitementcomesanewresponsibility---understandingtheneedforcommonnandmaturity

forttospreadawarenesstoteensacrossthenation,theAllstate

Foundts

fromKennedyandAlamoHeightsHighschoolsparticipatedinthesummitwhichwasheldhere

loftheyear-longeffortistoeducateteensontherulesofsafedriving

andthevereconquencesthatcanresultifthorulesarenotfollowed,andthenhavethem

dentswatchedvideosthattoldthemaboutthe

stentothevideosasstudentsfromother

citiessharetheirstoriesofhowtheirrecklessdrivingaffectednotonlytheirlivesbutalsothoof

theirpasngers.“Wearetryingtocreateawarenessinhighschoolsacrossthecountries,”said

Westerman,anAllstatereprentative,“wefocusonchanginghowteensthinkbehindthewheel.”

Accordingtotheprentation,moreteensdieinautomobilecrashesintheUnitedStateachyear

thanfromdrugs,violence,ageof16teensdieeverydayinmotor

sthestatewith

tsagreedthatthestatisticswere

amazingandmadethemthinktwiceabouthowtheydrive.

Questions26to28arebadonthequestionyouhavejustheard.

tpurpodidtheAllstateFoundationsponsortheKeep-The-DriveSummit?

usthegreatestnumberofdeathsamongAmericanteensaccordingtothe

prentation?

nweconcludeabouttheKeep-The-DriveSummit?

Passage2

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thatitdoesn’ttakeawholelotofsmellto

wnerscanlureyoutothecandyaisle,evenifyoudon’trealizeyourare

thatprotecttherightsofshoppersare

ythestoresareusingakindofbrainwashingwhichtheycall“smell-washing”.“It’s

prettydishonest,”anorganizationthatchecksoutproductsfor

entistshiredtodesignthescentsdisagree.“There’ssoftbackgroundmusic.

There’’reallsortsofbellsbeingud,”,“whynotsmells?”

“Onereasonwhynot,”saysSilbergeld,“isthatsomepeopleareallergictocertainscentspumped

intoproductsorstores.”Butthereisawholeothersidetothisdebate,“dothesmellsreallywork?”

Sofar,asrunsomeinteresting

fHersh’xperiments,31volunteerswereledintoashoestorethatsmells

,anothergroupshoppedinthesamestore,.

Hershfoundthat84%oftheshoppersweremorelikelytobuytheshoesintheflower-scented

room,butHershfoundoutsomethingevenstranger.“Whetherthevolunteersliketheflowerscent

ornotdidn’tmatter,”Hershsays,“Somereportedthattheyhatedthesmell,buttheystillwere

morelikelytobuytheshoesinthescentedroom.”

Questions29to31arebadonthepassageyou’vejustheard.

somepeopleagainsttheuofsmellstoattractcustomers?

’sattitudetotheuofsmellsforbusiness?

dHersh’xperimentshow?

Passage3

sarecominginofamajortraincrashinJapan.A

pasngertraincarryinghundredsofworkershomefromthecenterofTokyoisreportedtohave

sarenotyetavailablebutit

isbelievedthatthedeathtollcouldbeashighas300,ncyand

reportersaysitwilltakedaystoclearthetrackandto

asasimilaraccidentonthesamestretchof

trackfouryearsago.

TherewasanotherbombscareinalargeLondonstorelastnightduringlatenightshopping.

Followingatelephonecalltothepolicefromananonymouscaller,hundredsofshopperswere

dogsspenthours

archingthg

espokesman

saidthatthiswasthethirdbombscarewithinaweekandthatweshouldallbeonourguard.

Andfinally,themotoringorganizationshaveissuedawarningtodriversfollowingtherecentfalls

ghthefallsmaybeslight,theysayextracareis

needed.

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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Questions32to35arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q32:WhataccidenthappenedrecentlyinJapan?

Q33:WhatdothereportssayabouttherecentaccidentinJapan?

Q34:WhydidpeoplehavetoleavetheLondonstorelastnight?

Q35:Whatdidmotoringorganizationsadvidriverstodo?

2008年12月英语六级真题听力原文

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

endofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.

achquestion

thepau,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),

C)andD),rkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Nowlet’sbeginwiththeeightshortconversations:

11.M:I’maskedtopickuptheguestspeakerBobRuslattheairportthisafternoon,doyou

knowwhathelookslike?

W:Well,he’sinhissixties,hestandsout,he’sbald,tallandthinandhasabeard.

Q:Whatdoweconcludefromthewoman’sremarksaboutBobRusl?

12.M:makinganyprogress.

W:IfIwereyou,’sdefinitelyworthtimeandeffort.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

13.W:YoueIstillhavethispaininmyback,thismedicinethedoctorgavemewassuppod

tomakemefeelbetterbynow.

M:Maybeyoushould’vetakenitthreetimesadayasyouweretold.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

14.M:Frankly,whenIsatthebackoftheclassroom,Ican’tethewordsontheboardclearly.

W:Well,you’vebeenwearingthosameglassaslongasI’getanew

pair?Itwouldn’tcostyoutoomuch.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheman’sglass?

15.W:Howcomethefloorissowet?Ialmostslipped,whathappened?

M:Oh,sorry!ThephonerangthemomentIgotintotheshower,anyway,I’llwipeituprightnow.

Q:Whywasthefloorwetaccordingtotheman?

16.M:Theinstructionsonthepackagesaythatyouneedtosomeasmblyyourlf.I’vespentall

afternoontryinginvaintoputthisbookcatogether.

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W:Iknowwhatyoumean,lasttimeItriedtoasmbleatoytrainformysonandIalmostgave

up.

Q:Whatdoesthemanfinddifficult?

17.M:I’mgettingworriedaboutJenny’talksaboutthedaysisvolleyball

gamesandallshedoesispractice,trainingandthingslikethat.

W:’shightimewetalk(ed)somento

her.

Q:Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?

18.W:Doyouunderstandwhythelocalpeopleareoppodtothenewdamuptheriver?

M:erisverywide

abovethepropodsite.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

Nowyou’llhearthetwolongconversations:

ConversationOne

W:,whatchangeshaveyoueninthechampagnemarketinthelasttentofifteen

years?

M:Wellthebiggestchangehasbeenthedecreainsalessincethegreatboomyearsofthe1980s

whenchampagneproductionandsalesreachedrecordlevels.

W:Whichwasthebestyear?

M:hest

sincetho

boomyearssaleshavefallen.

W:Hasthemarketbeenbadlyhitbytherecession?

M:Ohcertainly,theeconomicproblemsinchampagnes’exportmarketsthat’sEurope,theUnited

States,Japan,andofcourthedomesticmarketinFrance,theeconomicproblemshavecertainly

beenonereasonforthedecreainchampagnesales.

W:Andtheotherreasons?

M:arly90s,champagnewasveryoverpriced,so

dtheyboughtsparklingwinesfromothercountries,in

ntherewasanotherproblemforchampagneinthe

early90s.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:antthepopularityofgood

wassurpridbytheirqualityandofcourthey

werealotcheaperthanchampagne.

W:Doyouthinkthechampagnemarketwillrecoverinthefuture?

M:Oh,I’eeconomicsituationimproves,Ibelievethemarketwillrecover.

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Questions19to21arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

esthemansayaboutchampagneinthe1980s?

sparklingwinesbecomemorepopularthanchampagneintheearly90s?

esthemanthinkofthechampagnemarketinthefuture?

ConversationTwo

W:Right,well,inthestudiothismorning,orksfor

,Peter,welcome.

M:’sgoodtobehere.

W:Great!Now,Peter,perhapsyoucantellussomethingaboutGreenPeaceandyourjobthere.

M:,I’llyworkin

’vebeengoingforafewdecadesandwe’rea

non-violent,’reinvolvedinanti-nuclearactivity,conrvationand

protectionofanimalsandprotectionandsupportofoureco-system.I’mtheactionorganizerand

arrangeanyprotests.

W:Right!Aprettyimportantrole,rtofprotestwouldyouorganize?

M:Well,recentlywe’vebeeninvolvedinanti-nuclearcampaigns.I,personallyarrangedforthe

’vegotafewsmall

GreenPeaceboatsthatweharassthedumpingshipwith.

W:Say?Holdon,youmean

by"harass"?

M:Well,wecircleroundandroundtheshipsandgetinthewaywhentheytrytodumpthedrums

tothemenandtrytochange,youknow,yellatthemtostop.

Wegenerallymakeourlvesasmuchofanuisanceaspossible.

M:Well,peoplemaythinkdifferentlyofyourmethods,butthere’snodoubtyou’redoingagreat

nksfortalkingwithus.

Questions22to25arebadontheconversationsyouhavejustheard.

theman’schiefresponsibilityintheGreenPeaceorganization?

sGreenPeacebeeninvolvedinrecently?

sGreenPeacetrytostoppeoplefromdumpingnuclearwaste?

thewoman’sattitudetowardstheGreenPeace’scampaigns?

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachpassage,youwill

epassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

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33

Tofindoutwhattheweatherisgoingtobe,mostpeoplegostraighttotheradio,television,

ouknowwhattolookfor,youcanu

example,infairweathertheairpressureisgenerallyhigh,theairisstillandoftenfullofdust,and

nthestormisbrewing,thepressuredrops,andyouare

stooknoteofthislongago,andcameupwiththe

saying,“Thefartherthesight,thenearertherain.”Yournofsmellcanalsohelpyoudetect

foreitrains,odorsbecomestronger,thisisbecauodorsare

adweatherlowmovesin,airpressurelesns

bounceoffheavystorm

ayingdescribesitthisway,“Sounds

travelingfarandwideastormydaywillbetied”.Anddon’tlaughatyourgrandmotherifshesays

mmonlyknownthatmanypeoplefeelpainsintheirbonesor

jointswhilethehumidityris,thepressuredrops,andbadweatherisontheway.

Questions26to28arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard:

sthespeakersaywecanefarawayobjectsmoreclearlyasastormisapproaching?

esthespeakerwanttoshowbyquotingacoupleofoldsayings?

esthepassagemainlytalkabout?

PassageTwo

hichapparentlymust

ndadayputtingoutfiles,butbytheendoftheday,youhaven’t

eration,youdrafta

“to-do”list,butmostdays,ulookatthelisteach

morning,ifficult,complex,importanttasks,that

aresocrucialtogetdone,ofuscreatea“to-do”listtoaddress

feelingsofbeingoverwhelmed,ndout

beingguilt-provokingremindersofthefactthatwillover-committedandlosingcontrolofour

ingtoTimothyPikle,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarltonUniversityinOttawa,

peopleoftendrawupa“to-do”list,andthenthat’titlfbecomestheday’s

achievement,allowingustofeelwe’

fact,en,thelistisenas

theaccomplishmentfortheday,reducingtheimmediateguiltofnotworkingonthetasksathand

byinvestingenergyinthelist,istisudlikethis,it’ssimplyanotherwayin

whichwelietoourlves.

Questions29to31arebadonthepassageyouhaveheard.

theproblemthattroublesmanypeoplenowadaysaccordingtothespeaker?

ingtothespeaker,whattoomanypeopledotocopewiththeirdailytasks?

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻-百度文库

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ingtopsychologistTimothyPikle,whatdopeoplefindbytheendoftheday?

PassageThree

Inmanystressfulsituations,thebody’me

moreenergetic,morealert,nstressincountered

continually,thebody’tinual

speedingupofbodilyreactionsandproductionofstressrelatedhormonesemtomakepeople

essreactionscanreducethediafighting

effectivenessofthebody’simmunesystem,therebyincreasingsusceptibilitytoillnessranging

mayalsocontributetodiainlessdirectwaysbyinfluencing

understressmaybecomeanxiousordepresd,andasaresultmay

eattoomuchortoolittle,ehavioralchangesmay

tion,peoplearemorelikelytopayattentiontocertain

bodilynsationssuchasachesandpainswhentheyareunderstressandtothinkthatthey’resick.

Ifthepersonwerenotunderstress,thesamebodilynsationsmightnotbeperceivedas

archershavesuggestedthat

assumingtheroleofasickpersonisonewayinwhichcertainpeopletrytocopewithstress.

Insteadofdealingwiththestressfulsituationdirectly,ll,itisoften

moreacceptablyinoursocietytobesickandtoekmedicalhelpthanitistoadmitthatonecan

notcopewiththestressoflife.

Questions32to35arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

esthespeakersayaboutpeoplewhoencounterstressonceinawhile?

esthespeakersayfrequentstressreactionsmayleadto?

epeoplemorelikelytodowhentheyareunderstress?

esthepassagemainlytalkabout?

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,epassageisreadforthe

firsttime,epassageisread

forthecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43with

nksnumberedfrom44to46youare

blanks,youcaneitheruthe

exactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.

Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhave

written.

Nowlistentothepassage:

Oneofthemostcommonimagesofanadvanced,Western-stylecultureisthatofabusy,

heirfirst（36）appearanceonAmericanroadways,automobileshave

becomea（37）symbolofprogress,asourceofthousandsofjobsandanalmostinalienableright

forcitizens’nt（38）decades,our“loveaffair”withthecar

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35

isbeing（39）exporteddirectlytothedevelopingworld,anditisincreasingly（40）apparentthat

thistransferisleadingtodisaster.

American’

asthe1950s,alarge（41）percentageoftheAmericanpublicudmasstransit.A（42）combination

ofpublicpolicydecisionsandcorporateschemingsawtoitthatcountless（43）convenientand

efficienturbanstreetcarandintra-cityrailsystemsweredismantled（拆除）.（44）Ourairquality

eshavebeen

plannedalongaroadgrid—homesfarfromwork,shoppingfarfromeverything,withugly

stretchesofconcreteandblacktopinbetween.

DevelopingcountriesarecopyingWestern-styletransportationsystemsdowntothelast

detail.（45）TheproblemscaudbymotorizedvehiclesintheWestareoftenmagnifiedin

ioncontrolmeasuresareeithernotstrictornonexistent,leadingto

nestillcontainslead,whichixtremelypoisonoustohumans.（46）

Movementinsomecitiescomestoavirtualstandstillasmotorizedtrafficcompeteswithbicycles

andpedestrians.

Inadditiontopollutionandtrafficjams,autosafetyisacriticalissueindevelopingnations.

2008年6月大学英语六级真题听力原文

SectionA

11.M:Goodnews,I’torsaysIcanstartworkingout

againsoonandmaybeplayfootballlikebeforeinafewweeks.

W:That’dbegreatifyoucouldgetbackinshapeintimefortheWorldCup.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

12.M:wI’vepracticallyspentmyentirebudget

forthismester.

W:WhynotcheckoutthenewcafeteriaatMarketStreet?Ithinktherearestillafewopenings

suitableforniorslikeyou.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

13.M:IhearJohnlefthiscatinyourcarewhilehe’yougetting

alongwithit?

W:Well,’twait

tillJohngetsback.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfindthecat?

14.W:Hello,ProfessorWhite,Igotmygradeinthemailthismorning,butIthinktheremightbe

amistakeinmymark.

M:Yeah,I’ustbeaproblemwiththecomputing

ldbestraightenedoutinacoupleofhours.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

15.M:ProfessorJohnson,lastnightwhenIwasputtingthefinishingtouchesonmypaper,a

computerfailurecompletelywipedoutmyfiles,doyouthinkIcanhaveanotherdaytoretypeit?

W:I’msorry,Rod.I’mleavingforaconferencetomorrowandI’llbeawaytwoweeks.I

suppoyoucouldndmeanE-copy.

Q:Whydoesthemansayhecan’tsubmithisassignmentontime?

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36

16.W:Ijustcalledthetravelagency,it’lst,weareheadingforthemountains

andwillbecampingthereforawholeweek.

M:Haveyoucheckedtheacademiccalendar?Myclassaren’toveruntilthe8th.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

17.W:eonejusttoldme

thattheclosingdatewaslastTuesday.

M:Areyousure?,I’vegotabrochurerighthere.

LastTuesdaywastheopeningdate.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

18.W:hinkthey’llever

getthatundercontrol?

M:Nowwiththenewlawsineffectandsocialawarenessincreasing,wearesuretoturnthings

around.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

ConversationOne

W:Tellme,Peter,whatmakesHarrodssofamous?

M:Well,it’foodhallandtheEgyptianhallare

cometoHarrodsjusttoethem.

W:Whatisspecialaboutthefoodhall?

M:mple,ithas250kindsofcheefromalloverthe

ersalsoloveallthedifferentkindsofchocolate.

Theybuyahundredtonveryyear.

W:That’samazing!AndwhyistheEgyptianhallsofamous?

M:Well,whenpeopleeit,slikeinEgyptianbuilding

from4,enot4,000yearsold,ofcour.

W:IsittruethatHarrodsproducesitsownelectricity?

M:Yes,itdoes.70%,ttheoutsideofthebuilding,weu11,500

lightbulbs.

W:Really?Tellme,howmanycustomersdoyouhaveonanaverageday?Andhowmuchdothey

spend?

M:About30,ingthesales,thenumberincreasto

300,hdotheyspent?Well,onaverage,customersspendabout1.5

ordforonedayisninemillionpounds.

W:Ninemillionpoundsinoneday?

M:Yes,onthefirstdayoftheJanuarysales.

W:Harrodssaysitllverythingtoeverybody,reallytrue?

M:Oh,!Absolutelyeverything!

thefoodhallofHarrodsnotedfor?

estheEgyptianhallemliketothecustomers?

ycustomersfindsurprisingaboutHarrods?

owmanycustomerscometoHarrodsonanaverageday?

ConversationTwo

W:HiKevin!

M:HiLaura,longtimenoe!Whathaveyoubeenuptolately?

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37

W:?

M:MuchthesameexceptIdohavesomebignews.

W:speniskillingme.

M:No,really,whathaveyoubeendoingthepastfewweeks?ThelasttimeIsawyou,youwere

lookingforanewjob.

W:Well,that’y,theyofferedmea

newpositionintheaccountingdepartment.

M:Astepupinthebigbusinessworld.

W:Iwouldn’texaggerate,

whenitfinallycamethrough,ly,that’swhyIwaslookingforanewjob.I

justdidn’twanttoworkthereanymoreiftheyweren’tgoingtorecognizemyefforts.

M:Right,sometimesyoucandoyourbestanditemsliketheothersdon’tknowyouexist.I

hopethemoney’sbetter.

W:Igotareasonablerai,nowenoughaboutme.I’mdyingtohearyournews.

M:Iamgettingmarried.

W:No,yousaidyou’dnevergetmarried.

M:’vegottomeetAndrea,she’sgreat!

W:’tevenknowyouweredating.

M:Weweren’’vejustbeendatingfortwoweeksnow.

W:Andyougettingmarried?

M:’nowshe’stheone.

W:Well,congratulations!That’sfantastic!

M:Thanks,I’mgladtohearyoufeelway.

sthewomandoingwhenthemanlastsawher?

sthewomansayshewasrelieved?

hewomansurpridattheman’snews?

SectionB

PassageOne

ys,speedy,

ntravelanywhereasmallboatcanand

ingpopularityofthecrafthasraidthequestion

ca,

mple,twowomenwere

vacationinginLongboatKeywhiletheywerefloatingontherubberboatalongtheshore,awater

terscooteroperatorshavebeenkilledorriously

havebeenstrandedattheawhentheir

terscooteroperatorsareinexperiencedand

ignorantofnavigationalrules,reasing

popularityofthescooterhasaggravatedtheproblem,providingmorewatervehiclestocompete

tionto

theinherentoperationalhazardsofwaterscooters,theyareprovingtobeanenvironmental

ificWhaleFoundationon

thewestcoastexpresdconcernthatthescootersarefrighteningawayanendangeredspeciesof

tionssuchasminimumoperatingage,

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restritsuch

regulations,tragediesinvolvingwaterscootersaresuretomultiply,whichmakesmanybeaches

unsafeforrecreation.

esthespeakersayaboutwaterscooters?

mentionedasoneofthecausofwateraccidents?

wayarewaterscooterssaidtobeanenvironmentalnuisance?

esthespeakerpropotoensurethesafetyofbeachesforrecreation?

PassageTwo

endnestdoorfromwhom

youbor

thetraditionalstoriesofneighborlinessareimpracticalorsillyandmaybejustaswellthatour

ingintheBible“Lovethyneighbor”was

probablyapoortranslationofwhatmusthaveoriginallybeen,“respectthyneighbor”.Lovecan

hanhalfthepeopleintheUnitedStatesliveinthesamehouthey

eisnoreasontolovethepeoplewholivenextdoortoyou,just

becautheyhappe

onlythingneighborshaveincommon,tobeginwith,isproximityandunlesssomethingmore

developsthatisn’timeshappensnaturally,butthe

chancesareverysmallthatyourneighborswillbeyourchoicesfriendsorthatyouwillbetheirs,

“hello”,usmall

talkifyouethemintheyard,youdiscussproblemsastheyariandyouhelpeachotherinan

vewayorthefencebetweenyouisnotreallyacoldshoulderbutaclear

ikeclearly-definedboundariesforourlves.

esthespeakersayabouttherelationsamongneighborsnowadays?

sspeakersayitmaybedifficultforpeopletolovetheirneighbors?

ouldneighborsdointhespeaker’sopinion?

PassageThree

Articlesinmagazinesandnewspapersandspecialreportsonradioandtelevisionreflectthe

concernofmanyAmericansabouttheincreasingdrop-outrateinourjuniorandniorhigh

dwiththisfactisthewarningthatsoonwewillnolongerhaveaworkforcetofill

hstudentdrop-outrateisnota

rsago,manyurbanschoolswerereportingdrop-outratesbetween35

ministratorsmaintainthatdrop-outsremainthesinglegreatestproblemin

uently,muchefforthasbeenspentonidentifyingstudentswithproblemsin

hedrop-outproblemdoesn’t

startinniorhighschool,specialprogramsinjuniorhighschoolfocusonstudentswhoshow

promibuthavearecordoftruancy—thatisstayingawayfromschoolwithoutpermission.

Undertheguidanceofcounlors,thestudentsareplacedinclasswithteacherswhohavehad

giestomotivatestudentsinahighschool

includerewardingacademicexcellencebydesignatingscholarsofthemonth,orbyissuingarticles

ofclothing,orkingwith

lors,teachersand

admily,this

problemshouldbeeveryone’sconcernsinceuneducated,unemployedcitizensaffectusall.

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manyAmericansconcernedwiththeincreasingdrop-outrateinschool?

welearnaboutthestudentdrop-outprobleminAmerica?

mentionedasoneofthestrategiesudtomotivatestudents?

SectionC

I’stomethatsomethinghasto

bedone,ifwe’inlydon’tknowwhattheanswerstoourproblems

certainlygetcomplicatedinahurrywhenyougetintothem,butIwonderif

somethingcouldn’ngI’mconcernedabout

isourpracticeofputtingoffendersinjailwhohaven’workoutsome

systemwherebytheycanpaybackthedebtstheyowesocietyinsteadofincurringanotherdebtby

goingtoprisonand,ofcour,comingundertheinfluenceofcour,comingundertheinfluence

ofhardenedcriminals.I’malsoconcernedaboutheshortprisonntencespeoplearervingfor

onealternativetothisistorestorecapitalpu8nishment,butI’mnotsure

Iwouldbeforthat.I’mnotsureit’ernativetocapitalpunishmentis

hinkwemust

inion,anyonewhotakesanotherperson’slife

intentionallyisinsane;however,thatdoesnotmeanthatthepersonisn’tguiltyofthecrimeorthat

heshouldn’’ssad,ofcour,thatapersonmayhavetospendthe

restofhislife,oralargepartofitinprisonforactsthathecommittedwhilenotinfullcontrolof

hismind.

2007年12月大学英语六级听力原文

SectionAShortConversations

11.M:w,mycolleagueandIhavecompletely

differentideasabouthowtoproceed.

W:Whydon’tyoucompromi?Trytomakeitawin-winsituationforyouboth.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

12.M:HowdoesNancylikethenewdresssheboughtinRome?

W:ShesaidshewouldneverhaveboughtanItalianstyledressifshehadknownMaryhad

alreadygotsuchadress.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

13.M:Youarenotgoingtodoallthodishesbeforeweleave,areyou?Ifwedon’tpickup

GeorgeandMarthain25minutes,we’llnevergettothetheaterontime.

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W:Oh,didn’tItellyou?Marthacalledtosayherdaughterwasillandtheycouldnotgo

tonight.

Q:Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodofirst?

14.M:You’eyoutalkingwith?

W:Oh,wshealwayshasthelatestnewsintownandcan’twaittotalkit

overwithme.

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutSallyfromtheconversation?

15:W:It’salwaysbeenhardtogetthiscarintofirstgearandnowtheclutchemstobesleeping.

M:Ifyouleavethecarwithme,I’llfixitforyouthisafternoon.

Q:Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?

16.M:Kate,whydoesthedowntownarealookdertednow?

W:Well,thereudtobesomereallygoodstores,butlotsofthemmovedouttothemall.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

17.W:ylikethefeelingwhensittingonthe

sofaanddoingthereading.

M:Well,formethehardestpartaboutstudyinghereisstayingawake.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

18:W:’thelpscratching.

M:Nexttimeyougocamping,takesomeprecaution,say,wearinglongsleeves.

Q:Whydoesthemansuggestthewomanwearlongsleeves?

LongConversations

Conversation1

M:Helloandwelcometoourprogram“WorkingAbroad”.OurguestthiveningisaLondoner

,ein

ghaveyoubeenlivingthere?

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W:Since1982,butwhenIwenttherein1982,Iplannedtostayforonly6months.

M:Whydidyouchangeyourmind?

W:Well,I’nleathergoods,terIarrived

inFlorence,IgotajobwithoneofItaly’stopfashionhous,idedtostay.

M:Howlucky!DoyoustillworkforFerragamo?

W:No,I’1988,infact.

M:So,doesthatmeanyoudesignforveraldifferentcompaniesnow?

W:Yes,that’sright.I’

thelast4years,I’vealsobeendesigningfortheBritishcompany,Burberrys.

M:Whathaveyoubeendesigningforthem?

W:Mostlyhandbagsandsmallleathergoods.

M:HasthefashionindustryinItalychangedsince1982?

W:Oh,yes,it'sbecomealotmorecompetitive,becauthequalityofproductsfromother

countrieshasimprovedalot,butItalianqualityanddesignisstillworldfamous.

M:AnddoyoueverthinkofreturningtoliveinEngland?

W:No,ginItalyismoreinteresting,IalsolovetheMediterraneansunandthe

Italianlifestyle.

M:Well,thankyoufortalkingtous,Susan.

W:Itwasapleasure.

Questions19-22arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

oesthistalkmostprobablytakeplace?

sthewoman’soriginalplanwhenshewenttoFlorence?

sthewomanbeendoingforalivingsince1988?

welearnaboutthechangeinItaly’sfashionindustry?、

Conversation2

M:So,Claire,you'reintodrama.

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W:Yes,I’veamaster’omentIamhopingtogetontoa

PHDprogram.

M:Whatexcitesyouaboutdrama?

W:Well,Ifindit’sacommunicativewaytostudypeopleandyoulearnhowtoreadpeoplein

llyIcanunderstandwhatpeoplearesaying,eventhoughtheymightbelying.

M:Thatwouldbeuful.

W:Yeah,it’nglishlecturer,soIualotofdramainmy

class,allyrespondwell.

AtthemomentI'liketoconcentrateonAsiandrama

’tknowhowsuccessfulIwillbe,but

here'shoping.

M:Oh,I’,Claire,whatdoyoudoforstagefright?

W:Ah,,agefrighteverytimeI'mgoing

htbefore,Iusuallycan’tsleep.

M:What?Forteaching?

W:Yes!Igetreallybadstagefright,buttheminuteIstepintotheclassroomorgetontothestage,

ustfeellike“Yeah,thisiswhatImeantodo.”andIamfine.

M:Well,that’cool.

Questions23-25arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

sthewomanfindstudyingdramaandtheateruful?

thewomanstudentsrespondtoherwayofteachingEnglish?

esthewomansayaboutherstagefright?

SectionBShortPassages

PassageOne

InJanuary1989,theCommunityofEuropeanRailwaysprentedtheirproposalforahigh

speedpan-Europeantrainnetwork,extendingfromSwedentoSicilyandfromPortugaltoPoland

rproposalbecomesareality,itwillrevolutionizetraintravelinEurope.

lswillbeonlyone

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ckestwaytogetfromParistoFrankfurt,fromBarcelonato

Madridwillbebytrain,notplane.

Whenthenetworkiscomplete,itwillintegratethreetypesofrailwayline,totallynew

high-speedlines,withtrainsoperatingitsspeedsof300kmsperhour;upgradedlines,whichallow

forspeedsupto200to225kmsperhourandexistinglines,forlocalconnectionsanddistribution

nesspeoplecanchoobetweena3-hourtrainjourneyfromcitycentertocity

centeranda1-hourflight,they'llchoothetrain,n't

alculateflighttime,checkinandtraveltoandfromtheairport,

you’ourplanearriveslateduetobadweatherorairtraffic

jamsorstrikes,thenthetrainpasngerswillarriveattheirdestinationfirst.

SinceFranceintroducedthefirst260-kmperhourhigh-speedtrainrvicebetweenParisand

Lyonsin1981,routes,airlineshave

leacceptthecommunityof

EuropeanRailways’plan,the21stcenturywillbethenewageofthetrain.

Questions26-29arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

theproposalprentedbytheCommunityofEuropeanRailways?

llhappenwhentheproposalbecomesareality?

lbusinesspeopleprefera3-hourtrainjourneytoa1-hourflight?

dFranceintroducethefirsthigh-speedtrainrvice?

PassageTwo

Westerndoctorsarebeginningtounderstandwhattraditionalhealershavealwaysknownthat

recently,modernurbanphysicianshealthebody,

r,themedicalworldisnowpayingmore

attentiontoholisticmedicine,whichisanapproachbadonabeliefthatpeople’sstateofmind

canmakethemsickorspeedtherecoveryfromsickness.

Severalstudiesshowthattheeffectivenessofacertaindrugoftendependsonthepatients

mple,inonerecentstudy,psychiatristsatamajorhospitaltrytoehow

videdthemintotwogroups;onegroupwasgivenadrug

whiletheothergroupreceivedaharmlesssubstanceinsteadofmedicinewithouttheirknowledge.

Surprisingly,morepatientsinthecondgroupshowedthedesiredeffectthanthointhefirst

group.

Instudyafterstudy,thereisapositivereactioninalmostonethirdofthepatientstaking

hispossible?Howcansuchasubstancehaveaneffectonthebody?

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Evidencefroma1997studyattheUniversityofCaliforniashowsthatveralpatientswho

receivesuchsubstanceswereabletoproducetheirownnaturaldrug,thatis,astheytookthe

substance,iststheorizethatthe

amountofthechemicalsreleadbyaperson’sbrainquitepossiblyindicateshowmuchfaith

thepersonhasinhisorherdoctor.

Questions30-32arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

ingtothespeaker,whatarewesterndoctorsbeginningtounderstand?

estherecentstudyatamajorhospitalemtoprove?

idencedoesthe1997studyoftheUniversityofCaliforniaproduce?

PassageThree

Sowe’ve

psychologists,weneedtoaskourlves“Whyisthispersondoingthis?”,“Whydopeopletake

therisksandputthemlvesindangerwhentheydon’thaveto?”Onecommontraitamong

thistrait“nsationeking”.A

doweknow

aboutnsationekers?Well,asIsaid,ethis

traitinmanypartsofaperson’mple,manynsation

ketheloudsoundandstrongemotionofthesongs.

Similarly,kethefeelingofbeingscared

elingivenstrongerforextremesportswherethe

tion,

nsation-m,

nsation-ekerschoojobsthatinvolve

risk,obsaredifferent

everyday,’swhymanynsation-ekersalsolike

udorock-climbing,ivityis

alwaysnewanddifferent.

Questions33to35arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

ingtothespeaker,whatisacommontraitamongrisk-takers?

nsation-ekersfindboring?

thespeaker’sprofession?

SectionCCompoundDictation

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Ifyouarelikemostpeople,you’ohistory

class,sittinginthethirdrow,andlooksquarelyattheinstructorasshespeaks,butyourmindisfar

away,onally,

instructorwritesanimportanttermonthechalkboardandyoudutifullycopyitinyournotebook.

Everyonceinawhiletheinstructormakesawittyremarkcausingothersintheclasstolaugh;you

smilepolitely,pretendingthatyou’ea

vaguenofguiltthatyouaren’tpayingcloattention,butyoutellyourlfthatanymaterial

youmisscanbepickedupfromafriend’s,theinstructoristalkingaboutroad

yougointoyourprivate

terdoyourealizeyou’

listeningmaybeeasilyexpod,sincemanyspeakersarensitivetofacialcuesandcantellif

ankexpressionandthefar-awaylookinyoureyesare

youarenotexpod,thereisanotherreasonto

’epeople,thehabitisso

deeply-rootedthattheyautomaticallystartdaydreamingwhenthespeakerbeginstalkingon

ult,theymisslotsofvaluableinformation.

2007年6月23日六级听力原文

11.W:Jim,youareonthenetagain?Whenareyougoingtogetoff?It’sthetimeforthetalk

show.

M:Justaminute,dear.I’omakesureIgettheright

giftforMum’sbirthday.

Q:Whatisthemandoingrightnow?

12.W:I’veneverenyouhavesuchconfidencebeforeanexam.

M:It’owIfeelthatifIgetlessthananA,it’llbethefaultof

theexamitlf.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

13.W:Justlookatthisnewspaper,nothingbutmurder,deathandwar!Doyoustillbelieve

peoplearebasicallygood?

M:spapershardlyeverreportstoriesaboutpeaceandgenerosity.

Theyarenotnews.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

14.M:Tommustbejokingwhenhesaidheplanstollhisshopandgotomedicalschool.

W:’salsotoldmetimeandtimeagainhewished

he’dstudiedforsomeprofessioninsteadofgoingintobusiness.

Q:WhatwillTomprobablydoaccordingtotheconversation?

15.W:Ihearyourbosshasarealgoodimpressionofyouandheisthinkingaboutgivingyou

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twomoredaysoffeachmonth.

M:Ihopenot.I’drathergetmoreworkhourssoIcangetenoughbuckstohelpoutmytwo

kidsatcollege.

Q:Whatdoesthemantrulywant?

16.M:youlikeit?

W:Oh,understandthesaying,“East,

west,home’sbest”.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

17.W:I’doesisstayinginher

roomallday.

M:’dbettereapsychiatristattheconsolingcenter.

Q:WhatdoesthemansuggestAnnado?

18.M:’salwaysinasuitandatie

now.

W:Yeah,enhewould’veruninanoldT-shirtand

jeans.

Q:WhatdothespeakerssayaboutSam?

ConversationOne

M:Hi,Ann,’syourtriptothestates?

W:,ofcour,Ididn’thavemuchtimetoeNew

York.

M:lyIhaveatriptheremylfnextweek.

W:Doyou?lyworks.

M:Oh,itworks?

W:nIarrivedinNewYork,I

didn’aybackIdidn’tdoit,andIfeltterrible.

M:Youarejoking.

W:lymadealotofdifference.

M:Hmm…So,whatdidyoudo?

W:Well,Ididn’tdrinkanyalcoholorcoffeeandIdidn’a

havefish,vegetablesandnoodles,dsomeoftheexercisinthe

program.

M:Exercis?Onaplane?

W:’tdomany,sn’tmuchspaceontheplane.

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M:Howmanypasngersdidtheexercis?

W:Notmany.

M:Andhowmuchchampagnedidtheydrink?

W:orepopularthanmineralwater.

M:So,basicallyit’lwaterandexercisorchampagneandjetlag.

W:That’’sadifficultchoice.

Questions19to22arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

thewomangotoNewYork?

esthewomansayaboutthewell-beingintheairprogram?

dthewomandotofollowthewell-beingmenu?

dthewomansayaboutotherpasngers?

ConversationTwo

W:lpyou?

M:Well,I’mnotreallysure.I’mjustlooking.

W:,there’splentytolookatagainthisyear.I’msureyou’dhavetowalkmilesto

eeachstand.

M:That’strue.

W:Wouldyoulikeacoffee?gation.

M:Well,that’…

W:No,plea,isthisthefirstyearyou’vebeentothefair,Mr.…?

M:ohnson.

W:Myname’lookingforanythinginparticularorareyoujust

interestedincomputersingeneral?

M:Well,actually,’vegrown

quitedramaticallyoverthepast12monthsandwereallyneedsometechnologicalhelpto

enableustokeepontopofeverything.

W:What’syourlineofbusiness,n?

M:Weareatrainingconsultancy.

W:tdoyouneedtokeepontop?

M:po

weneedsomekindofwordprocessor.

W:,that’aybepossibleforyoutogetasystemthatdoesa

ghtsuityouistheMR5000.

That’’sIBMcompatible.

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M:Whatabouttheprice?

W:Well,theMR5000costs1,recomesfreewiththehardware.

M:Well,I’ou.

W:Here’feelfreetocontactme.

Questions23to25arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

idtheconversationtakeplace?

ethespeakerstalkingabout?

theman’slineofbusiness?

PassageOne

Ttasa

gnourideallforan

eofus,werollthatdreamyfilminour

headsjustbecauitisthebeginningoftheNewYear,butweareriousaboutmakingchanges.

erience

make’snotthe

changesimpossible,butitwon’tlastunlessourresolutionsaresupportedwithplansfor

tomakeourintensionsmanageablebydetailingthespecificstepsthat

willcarryustoourgoal.

nightyoujusthave

tone,you

eattwo,youcheckthebagandfindoutthatyou’toyourlf,

“Whatthehell.I’llpolishoffthewholebag.”Thenyoubegintodrawallkindsofunpleasant

ectyournofyourlf,

maythink,“Well,dietingwasn’tthatimportanttomeandIwouldn’tmakeitanyhow.”Soyou’ll

abandonthegoalandreturntoyourbadhabits.

Questions26to28arebadonthepassageyou’vejustheard.

peopleusuallywishtodoatthebeginningoftheNewYear?

peopleturntheirNewYear’sresolutionsintoreality?

sthespeakermentiontheexampleofsweetsandcookies?

PassageTwo

25yearsago,RayAnderson,asingleparentwithaone-year-oldson,witnesdaterrible

accident,whichtookplacewhenthedriverofatruckranaredlightandcollideditwiththecarof

actofthecollisionkilledSandrainstantly,butherthree-month-old

therslookedoninhorror,Andersonjumped

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outofhisvehicleandcrawledintothecarthroughtheshatteredrearwindowtotrytofreethe

slater,thecarwanclodinflames,buttoeveryone’samazement,Andersonwas

hebabywasallright,

dayslater,wassoon

adoptedbyrelatives.

ndherboyfriend

Michaelwerelookingthroughsomeoldboxeswhentheycameacrosssomeoldnewspaper

clippings.“scuedfromaburningcarbutmy

motherdiedintheaccident,’’ghMichaelknewKaren’smotherhaddied

yeararlier,heneverfullyunderstoodthecircumstancesuntilheskimmedoverthenewspaper

n’ssurpri,Michaelwasabsorbedinthedetailsoftheaccidentandhebeganto

revealedthatthemanthatpulledKarenfromtheflameswasthefather

embracedandshedmanytears,recountingstoriestoldtothemabouttheir

parents.

Questions29to31arebadonthepassageyou’vejustheard.

ppened25yearsago?

esthespeakersayaboutMichael’sfather?

Michaelcryuncontrollablywhenheskimmedoverthenewspaperarticle?

PassageThree

lessofwhotheyareorwhattheydo,

1950,theUShad

texceedsanycountrybutJapan,

whereindustrialemployeeslog2,155hoursayear,comparedwith1,951intheUS,and1,603in

n1969and1989employedAmericansaddedanaverageof138

kweekhasremainedatabout40hours,butpeople

ically,paidtimeoff,holidays,vacations,sickleave

shrankby50%inthe1980’-operationshaveexperiencedstiffcompetitionandslower

growthproductivity,ttinglay-offsinthe

1980’sreducedthe

lowerpaidoccupations,whenwageshavebeenreduced,workershaveaddedhoursinovertimeor

ernmentestimatesthatmorethan7million

firsttime,largenumbersofpeoplesaytheywanttocutbackon

temployersareunwillingtoletthem

ernment,whichhassteppedbackfromitstraditionalroleasaregulatorofwork

timeshouldtakestepstomakeshorterhourspossible.

Questions32to35arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

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hcountrydotheemployeesworkthelongesthours?

mployedAmericansmanagetoworkmorehours?

orporationspresstheemployeestoworklongerhoursaccordingtothespeaker?

esthespeakersaymanyAmericansprefertodo?

CompoundDictation

Nursing,asatypicallyfemaleprofession,mustdealconstantlywiththefalimpressionthat

es,wearelicendtoprovidenursingcareonly.

idehealthteaching,asss

physicalaswellamotionalproblems,coordinatepatient-relatedrvicesandmakeallofour

,inanycircumstance,we

feelthatthephysician’sorderisinappropriateorunsafe,wehavealegalresponsibilitytoquestion

tionalandphysicalstress,

however,thatoccursduetohardworkinghoursisaprimereasonforalotofthecareerfor

metimesrequiredthatweworkovertimeandthatwechangeshiftsfouror

sturbsourpersonallives,disruptsoursleepingandeatinghabits,and

lityofnursingcareis

spitalsarenowstaffedbynewgraduates

ersofmedically-related

rviceshaveevidentlynotbeenaffectedenoughyettodemandchangesinourmedicalsystem.

Butiftrendscontinueaspredicted,theywillfindthatmostcriticalhospitalcarewillbeprovided

bynew,inexperiencedandsometimesinadequately-trainednurs.

没事就用这些词练练你的嘴皮子~~

●说吧，你是想死呢还是不想活了？

●好久没有人把牛皮吹的这么清新脱俗了！

●你给我滚，马不停蹄的滚……

●人人都说我丑，其实我只是美得不明显。

●无理取闹,必有所图！

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_________________________________________________

●天被熬亮了。

●不是路不平，而是你不行。

●恶心妈妈抱着恶心哭得很伤心，为什么呢？因为恶心死了……

●要不是打不过你，我早就和你翻脸了。

●我这心碎得，捧出来跟饺子馅似的。

_________________________________________________

●没人牵手，我就揣兜。

●我的兴趣爱好可分为静态和动态两种，静态就是睡觉，动态就是翻身…

●唉～这人要一没正形，连头痛都是偏的。

●我这人不太懂音乐，所以时而不靠谱，时而不着调。

●怎么会突然想哭？难道我也有些逆流成河的小忧伤？

_________________________________________________

●好漂亮的美女叔叔啊！

●我不跟猪摔跤有两个原因：首先这让我自己变得很脏，其次这让猪很高兴。

●没事偷着乐是不太可能了,偷着胖还是有点儿希望.

●放下屠刀立地成佛的意思是，你放下屠刀的那一刻对方把你砍成两瓣儿了。

●没事可做时，觉得最累。

_________________________________________________

●李碧华说过：什么叫多余？夏天的棉袄，冬天的蒲扇，还有等我已经心冷后你的殷勤。

●永远年轻，永远装嫩，永远不知好歹，永远热泪盈眶。

●我爸面对我发胖一事发表了看法：没有韩红的命，还得了韩红的病。

●你来我信你不会走，你走我当你没来过。——我们该这样对待缘分与爱。

●曾以为我是那崖畔的一枝花，后来才知道，不过是人海一粒渣。

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52

_________________________________________________

●荡气回肠，消化不良。

●女人喜欢长的坏坏的男人,并不是喜欢长坏了的男人..

●麻子不叫麻子，坑人。

●江湖险恶，不行就撤！

●不敲几下，你不可能知道一个人或一个西瓜的好坏。

_________________________________________________

●孤独的人常表现得很坚强；寂寞的人则多半温和。

●大笑是绽放的微笑。

●我的意中人是个绝色大美女，终于有一天她会骑着喷火的恐龙来嫁给我

的，可是我看见了她的坐骑，却没有看见她的主人。

●孤单是一个人的狂欢，狂欢是一群人的孤单。

●虽不安分，也该守己。

_________________________________________________

●人不犯我，我不犯人。人若犯我，我就生气！

●别逼我，否则我伟大起来，一发不可收拾。

●我们是平凡的人，我们也是特别的人，所以我们是特别平凡的人。

●那个人敢说自己纯净？瞧你那眼神就透着浑浊。

●没有什么比弱者对强者的鄙视更无力了。

_________________________________________________

●如有雷同，纯属你抄我

●笨鸟先飞，笨猪先肥。

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●当你的眼泪忍不住要流出来的时候，睁大眼睛，千万别眨眼，你会看到世

界由清晰到模糊的全过程。

●告诉你别逼我，你要是再逼我，我就装死给你看。

●年轻算什么，谁没年轻过？你老过吗？真是的

_________________________________________________

●别用世故的样子来武装自己，它会水土不服。

●解释就是掩饰，掩饰就是编故事。

●所谓门槛，过去了便是门，过不去就成了槛。

●陌生阻止你认识陌生的事物，熟悉妨碍你理解熟悉的事物。

●人生的悲哀就在于，当你想两肋插刀的时候，却只有一把刀。

_________________________________________________

●如果全是老姜，将是一个何等辛辣的社会。

●狮子不会因为听到狗吠而回头。

●水越深，水流越平稳。

●在你不当回事的时候，一切就好了起来。

●无论是国王还是农夫，只要能在自己家里找到安宁，他就是最幸福的人。

_________________________________________________

●一分钱一分货,稀饭吃了不经饿.

●水壶啊，你为什么哭泣，是因为屁股太烫了吗?

●如果命运抓住了伱的喉咙，伱就挠命运嘚胳肢窝。

●拦着成长的不是幼稚，而是自以为成熟。

●如果命运折断了你的腿，他会教你如何跛行

__________________________________________________

●打死你我也不说

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●左脑全是水，右脑全是面粉，不动便罢了，一动全是浆糊

●挣钱就像用针掘地，花钱就像水渗进土里。

●我也有要去的地方，只是我要去的地方，没道路通向那里。

●你浪费的粮食都会堵在你去往天堂的路上。

__________________________________________________

●生活是丰富多彩的，但我也有自己的颜色。

●如果有一天我失踪了，只有两种可能：身体在旅行，或者灵魂在旅行。

●讓人格与腦門一同閃亮。

●你的丑和你的脸没有关系。

●我从来没有欺骗过你，因为我从来没有欺骗你的必要。

__________________________________________________

●我可以选择放弃，但我不能放弃选择。

●天没降大任于我，照样苦我心志，劳我筋骨。

●也许似乎大概是，然而未必不见得。

●再过一百年，就长成了参天大葱。

●幸福就是当你照镜子的时候，喜欢你看到的那个人。