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boils(疖),burns(灼伤),chafing(擦伤),cuts(切割伤),crackedskin(皮肤龟裂),nappy
rash(尿布疹)和inctbites(虫类叮咬)
“WorldAthleticsChampionships”就是“世界田径锦标赛”的意思。其中,athletics是复
数型名词,指体育运动,在英式英语中,特指田径运动。不加s的athletic,是形容词,义
为“运动的”、“体育的”或“健壮的”,如anathleticcoach运动员教练。而“运动员”的英
语说法是athlete。
世界田径锦标赛由国际田径联合会(IAAF,InternationalAssociationofAthletics
Federations)组织,自1991年起每2年举办一次。本次世界田径锦标赛于8月10日至18
日在俄罗斯首都莫斯科举办,而下一届比赛将于2015年在北京举办。
Formorethanadecade,sharkfinsouphasbeenrvedinanymealintending
tohighlightthehost'swealth,resultingintheconsumptionofhundredsofmillionsof
sharkfins.
Upto73millionsharksarekilledeachyearfortheirfins.
Onethirdoftheworld'snearly500sharkspeciesarefacingextinction.
However,thesharkfinmarkethasbeenhitbyadrasticmarketdownturnrecently.
Precifiguresaredifficulttocomeby,butindustryestimatesthemarkethasshrunk
bybetween50and70percent.
“sharkfin”是鲨鱼翅的意思,即为人们常说的“鱼翅”,其中fin意为“鳍,鱼翅”,
人类割掉鱼鳍之后将鲨鱼扔回海里,鲨鱼会因为溺水或者流血过多而死。
另外,文中faceextinction意为“濒临灭绝”,其中extinction意为“消亡,绝种”,如
masxtinction(大量消亡),indangerofextinction(面临灭绝的危险)。
AtelevidcontestthathasbecomehugelypopularinChinahasledto
nationwidehand-wringingoverthepopulation'sincreasinginabilitytowriteChine
characters.
Therapidriofcomputersandsmartphoneshasleftmostyoungpeoplebarely
abletowritebyhand,withmanyunabletorecalltheestimated10,000charactersud
indailylifewithoutanelectronicprompt.
ThestatebroadcasterCCTVlaunchedtheChineCharacterDictation
Competitionthismonthtoimprovethepopulation'shandwritingamidfearsthatthe
country'scomplexwritingsystem,ahighlyprizedtreasureofitsancientculture,is
enteringaninexorabledecline.
文中的Chinecharacters就是“汉字”的意思。wording或diction,意思是“措辞”,
font是指“字型、字体”,而calligraphy意思是“书法”。称赞某人写得一手好字,可以说他
writesagoodhand或hasgoodhandwriting;handwriting义为“书法、书写”,是不可数名词。
China'sStateCouncilhasapprovedtheestablishmentofapilotfreetradezonein
Shanghai,ences
gainedfromthepilotzoneareexpectedtobecopiedinotherpartsofthecountry,
accordingtothestatement.
Covering28.78squarekilometers,thenewzonewillbebuiltonthebasisof
existingbondedzones–WaigaoqiaoFreeTradeZone,WaigaoqiaoFreeTrade
LogisticsPark,YangshanFreeTradePortAreaandPudongAirportComprehensive
FreeTradeZone.
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“pilotfreetradezone”在文中解释为自贸试验区(自由贸易试验区)。“pilot”在此是形容词,
解释为试验性的,例如:pilotedition试用版、pilotproject试点项目。
另外,文中的“establishment”可解释为设立,它还可以解释为机构、当局。比如:public
establishments公共机构、welfareestablishment福利机构等。
Gh
usuallyhappenswhenyouaretoodrunktosayapropergoodbyeoryoudon'twantto
interruptthehostandmakeothergueststakeitasacuetoleaveandthuskillthe
party.
Onemomentyou'tmomentyou're
gone."Where'dhego?"–andthisiskey–theyprobably
won'tevennoticethatyou'veleft.
Butisitrudetoleavewithoutsayinggoodbye?Aperkythank-youtextthenext
youthink?
文中的ghosting就是“不辞而别”的意思。ghost本是名词,此处用作动词,指像鬼一
样溜走,引申作“不辞而别”之意。此外,ghost作为动词本身还有“替人代笔”之意,并
有ghost-writer“代笔者”一词较为常用。
文中最后一段出现的leavewithoutsayinggoodbye也是“不辞而别”的意思,其他同义
表达还有:takeFrenchleave;sayIrishgoodbye;Dutchleave;peelout等。
killtheparty是很形象的表达,指“把聚会给毁了”。与之类似,kill-joy与wetblanket
指“扫兴或者煞风景的人”。
MuchlikeWesternculture'sHalloween,someEasternculturescelebrateaFall
festivalwheretheybelievethegatesofhellarethrownopen,releasinghungryghosts
towandertheearthinarchoffoodandtakingrevengeuponthowhowronged
theminlife.
Thismonth-longfestivalisknownastheHungryGhostFestival.
Peoplewouldalsoburnthingssuchaspaperhous,cars,rvantsandtelevisions
topleatheghosts.
Familiesalsopaytributetootherunknownwanderingghostssothatthe
homelesssoulsdonotintrudeontheirlivesandbringmisfortuneandbadluck.
文中的“HungryGhostFestival”就是“中元节”的意思。中元节,类似于西方的万圣
节(AllSaints'Day)和万圣夜(Halloween)。西方的传统节日在国内越来越盛行,但国人也
不要忘记自己的传统节日哦。七夕节的说法是“TanabataFestival”或“ChineValentine's
Day”;中秋节的说法是“theMid-AutumnFestival”;元宵节的说法是“LanternFestival”。
Today,itisusualtoclaimthatmannersaregettingwor:there'stoomuch
lungingforthebread,bothliterallyandmetaphorically.
astistoplayloudmusicthrougha
phone'ic
couldbeloudenoughtoannoyotherpeople,throughwhichsodcastersbegforpublic
attention.
文中的sodcast就是“公放音乐”的意思。“公放音乐的人”(即“音乐公放怪”)就是
sodcaster。这个词是podcast(播客)一词的衍生,词源来自broadcast(广播)这个词。sod
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一词本义为“草皮”,在英国俚语中,常可解释为“讨厌的人”或“麻烦事”。cast用作动词,
意思是抛、投。sod+cast合在一起诞生了一个新词,代指在公共场合把音乐放得很大声、让
别人都听得见的行为。
文中还出现了“lungeforbread”这个新鲜用法,原意是“向面包冲刺”,这里引申为追
求物质生活。
Aspartofanefforttoimprovetreatmentsforillness,ateamofscientistshave
createdglow-in-the-darkrabbits.
TherabbitswerebornattheUniversityofIstanbulaspartofacollaboration
betweenscientistsfromuniversitiesinTurkeyandHawaii.
Toproducetheglowingeffect,rearchersinjectedjellyfishDNAintoamother
rabbit'mbryos.
"'sjustamarkertoshowtheexperimentcanbe
donesuccessfully,"saidUniversityofHawaiiAssociateProfessorStefanMoisyadi.
文中的“glow-in-the-darkrabbits”是夜光兔的意思,其中glow作为动词时,通常指无
焰或无烟地“燃烧;发光”,也可用来比喻人的“感情洋溢”,如glowwithjoy(闪烁着喜悦
的光芒);glow-in-the-dark是一个复合形容词,类似的表达如carry-onluggage(随身携带的
行李)。
另外文章第二句中出现的“collaboration”译为“合作”,如clocollaboration(密切合
作),permanentandefficientcollaboration(持久有效的合作)。
Forabout66percentofus,beingwithyourphoneatalltimesisanobssion
thatoccupieverywakingminute.
Ifyouthinkyoumaysufferfromnomophobia-or'nomobilephonephobia'–
thenthewarningsignsare:
■Aninabilitytoeverturnyourphoneoff;
■Obssivelycheckingformisdcalls,emailsandtexts;
■Constantlytoppingupyourbatterylife;
■Beingunabletopoptothebathroomwithouttakingyourphoneinwithyou.
Thenumberofpeopleafflictedwithnomophobia—revealedinarecentstudy—
showsarifromasimilarstudyfouryearsago,where53percentofpeopleadmitted
thefearoflosingtheirphone.
文中的nomophobia就是“无手机焦虑症”的意思,是指在手机丢失、手机没电或余额
不足、不在服务区时,手机用户的焦虑反应。正如文中第二段提到的,这个词由no-、-mo-
和-phobia三个词缀(词素)构成。其中no-为否定含义,-mo-是手机(mobilephone)的缩
写,而-phobia是英语中常见的一个后缀,带有“害怕、忧虑”的意思,又如acrophobia恐
高症、hydrophobia恐水症(如狂犬病)、nyctophobia黑夜恐怖症和trypophobia密集恐惧
症等。
Aroadsafetycampaigntopromotesaferdrivingandavoidrecklessdrivinghas
beenlaunched,China'sMinistryofPublicSecuritysaidFriday.
DuringthecampaignonThursday,policearoundthecountrycaught14,280
driversforspeedingand760motoristsforcarryingtoomanypeopleandgave
alsopunished13,782casrelatingtooverloadingand
2,196driversfortirednesswhiledriving,theministrysaid.
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“recklessdriving”在文中解释为鲁莽驾驶。“reckless”是形容词,解释为鲁莽的、不计
后果的,例如:recklessaction鲁莽的行为、recklessdriver鲁莽的司机。
此外,文中与道路安全相关的词汇还有:roadsafety道路安全、safedriving安全驾驶、
overload超载、speeding超速行驶、tirednesswhiledriving疲劳驾驶。
Asmistakesgo,-calledfatfingertradingerroratalarge
Chinebrokeragewasreportedlybehindwildswingsonthecountry'sstockmarket
onFriday.
China'smainstockindexwasupasmuchat5.6%atonestageandtrading
volumeswereupmorethan50%onthedaybeforeas1.5bnshareschangedhands.
ThebuyingfrenzyappearstohavebeentriggeredbyChinaEverbrightSecurities
kerage'sown
sharesweresoonsuspended,China'scuritiesregulatorsaiditwaslookingintothe
volatilityandbytheendofplaythemorning'sspectacularrallyhadbeenundoneby
fttheShanghaiCompositeIndex
down0.6%ontheday.
文中的fatfinger就是“乌龙指”的意思,是指股票交易员、操盘手、股民等在交易时,
不小心敲错价格、数量或买卖方向等,也可以拼写作fat-finger。
文中还可以看到一些与股市相关的英语词汇,如brokerage经纪公司,stockmarket股市、
股票交易所(证券交易所),mainstockindex证券综合指数,tradingvolumes交易量,
curitiesregulator证监会,rally股价止跌回升和ShanghaiCompositeIndex上证指数。另外,
股市中的牛市,英文是bullmarket;而对应的熊市,英文就是bearmarket。
Theownerofanillegally-builttwo-story"rooftopvilla"constructedonthe
rooftopofahigh-riapartmentbuildinginBeijingsaidTuesdaythathewouldtearit
downwithin15days,afterlocalauthoritiespostedanoticeonhisdoorMondayand
attractedwidepublicattention.
ZhangBiqing,theownerofapenthouina26-storybuildinginRenji
Shanzhuang,aresidentialcompoundinBeijing'sHaidiandistrict,admittedTuesday
thatheillegallybuiltasmallsunlightroomontherooftop,andgraduallyexpandedit
withrocks,treesandartificiallandscapesthattakeupsome800squaremeters,
reportedtheLegalMirror.
Zhangsaidthatthestructureisnota"villa"butsaiditisagrapetrellisthathe
recentlybuilttohouvegetationas"thermalinsulation"toreducetheheatabsorbed
bytherooftopinsummer,andthe"rocks"weremadebyalight-weightmaterialto
enclothechimneysthatwouldblowunpleasantkitchenandbathroomodorstohis
apartment,andhelateraddedbonsaitreestomakeit"lookgood."
文中的rooftopvilla可以解释为“空中楼阁”,直译为屋顶别墅。其中rooftop一词意为屋
顶,与其相关的习惯用法有“shoutsomethingfromtherooftops”,译为广而告之、公开宣布
或是使众人皆知。villa则是别墅、庄园住宅的意思。在英国,寻常百姓住的房屋可大致分为
三种类型:mi-detachedhou两户相连房屋,detachedhou独门独户的院落和terraced
hou连栋房屋。
另外,文中的thermalinsulation,是一个科技术语,意思是热绝缘。类似于thermalshield
(隔热层)。
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QingdaoremainsChina'shappiestcityin2013,accordingtothelatestChina
UrbanCompetitivenessRankingfromHongKong-badChinaInstituteofCity
Competitiveness(CICC).
Thesurveymeasuredlocalresidentsofagivencityontheiroverallnof
satisfaction,nofbelonging,lifequality,naturalenvironment,economyandsocial
civilization.
Apartfromtheurbanhappinessranking,CICCalsopublishedotherChinecity
rankingsbadonaChinaCityCompetitivenessIndexSystem.
“ranking”在这里解释为排行榜,其基本含义是等级评定,如therankingofstudents
(学生的名次排定),worldranking(世界排名),它也可以作为形容词使用,如
high-rankingofficers(高级官员)。
文中提及的ChinaInstituteofCityCompetitiveness(CICC),即为中国城市竞争
力研究会,于1998年在香港成立,是一家专门从事中国城市竞争力研究、顾问与评价服务
的的国际性学术团体。其中的competitiveness一词,是“竞争能力”的意思,如price
competitiveness(价格竞争力),corecompetitiveness(核心竞争能力)。
dDrugAdministration(FDA)hasflaggedupthatmany
toys,suchastoygunsandswords,containpowerfullarsthatcancau
permanentdamagetotheeye.
Larinjuriesdon'thurt,butvisioncandeteriorateslowlyovertime
withinjuriesgoingunnoticed.
Advertirsoftenpromotetheirtoysasplaythings,soparentsand
childrenbelievethey'reharmless.
Butthisisoftennotthecaandvigilancemustbemaintainedby
parentswhilechildrenplaywiththeelectronictoys.
文中的“lar”是激光的意思,最初的中文名叫做“镭射”,现在激光已得到广泛应
用,如larprinter(激光打印机),larscalpel(激光手术刀),larrecord(激
光唱片)等。
另外,最后一句中出现的“vigilance”一词,含有警戒、警惕之意,又如Police's
vigilance(警戒),relaxvigilance(放松警惕性)。
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