Amount,Deal,Quantity,Number等词的用法辨析
有关quantity的主谓一致
一、amount的用法详解
用作名词
其意为“数量”、“金额”等,通常用于a(great,large)amountof这类结构,其后通常接不
可数名词。如:
Hemadealargeamountofmoney.他赚了大量的钱。
Theyhavetoprocessalargeamountofdata.他们得处理大量数据。
Ihadnotexpectedsuchanamountofprai.我没料到受到这么多赞扬。
Alargeamountofdamagewasdoneinashorttime.短期内造成大量损害。
Ihadnotexpectedsuchanamountofprai.我没料想受到这样多的赞扬。
Hemustmemorizelargeamountsofmaterial.他必须背熟大量材料。
注意:这类结构用作主语,其谓语的数取决于amount的数。如:
在这座桥上花了大量资金。
正:Alargeamountofmoneywasspentonthebridge.
正:Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.
比较:在agreatnumberof之后通常接可数名词(用复数)。如:
用作动词
用作动词时意为“合计”、“等于”、“意味着”,通常是不及物动词,其后常接介词to。如:
Buildingcostamountstosixmilliondollars.建筑费用达600万元。
Herreplyamountstoarefusal.她的回答等于拒绝。
注意:由于其后接的to为介词,所以后接动词时,该动词要用动名词。如:
这等于是欺骗老师。(from)
误:Thisamountstocheattheteacher.
正:Thisamountstocheatingtheteacher.
析:amount用作动词,表示“等于”,是不及物动词,其后接的to为介词。
二、agreat/goodmany非常多,许多(形容词)
Theyoungcouplehastravelledagreatmanycitiessincetheygotmarried.
AgreatmanycollegestudentswerenttotheWesttohelpthechildrenthere.
Helenhasagreatmanyfriendsindeed,butshedoesnotthinkshehasanyshecanconfidein.
Thecitywavenequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefound
beneaththenarrowstreets.
Hehaxtractedagreatmanyexamplesfromthegrammarbook.
比较:
...许多(后接单数动词)
Manyateacherhascometotheexhibition.
Manyawomanhasgreatinfluenceonherhusband.
Hebeguileduswithmanyataleofadventure.
,lotsof,anumberof与agreatmany/agoodmany意义相同。
三、agreatdeal大量地,非常多的
1、作副词
Theoldwoman'slifeisagreatdealbetternow.
2、作代词
learntagreatdealfromourprofessor.
ccomplishedagreatdealinthelastfewmonths.
edfortheirdecisionwithagreatdealofapprehension.
2、作名词(不可数)
spendagreatdealofmoneyonNationalDay.
ksagreatdealofwatereveryday.
redmeagreatdealofmoney.
gthehoureallymeantagooddealtome.
3、比较:alotof,lotsof也表示“非常多”,但它既可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。
Thereisalotofrainhereinsummer.
TherearelotsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear.
Aglossymagazinehaslotsofpicturesoffashionableclothesandisprintedongoodqualitypaper.
Heisaboldthinker,withlotsoforiginalideas.
4、比较:abigdeal重要人物
[asubject,situation,oreventwhichpeoplethinkisimportant.]
1)Idon'tknowwhythisissuehasbecomesuchabigdeal.
2)Losingthematchwasnobigdeal.
3)AllIsaidwas,I'mgoingtohaveababy-what'sthebigdeal?
4)Yes,it'shisbirthdaytoday,buthedoesn'twanttomakeabigdealofit.(=makepeoplenoticeit
byhavingaspecialcelebration)
四、ahandfulof一把,少量(作为量词)
opedupahandfulofsnowandrolleditintoaball.
andfulpeopleagreewithhim,itisafoolisrisk.
tedtwentypeople,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.
dupahandfuloflettersandbegantoopenthem.
比较:
同义词组有:asmallamountof,asmallnumberof
Acaportubecontainingasmallamountofexplosiveudtodetonatethemainexplosivecharge
ofafirearmormine.
Atthisschool,yemasmall
numberbutit's(about)parforthecour.
四、akindof有点儿,几分,一种
Anappleisakindoffruit.
Moneyisakindofallurementforus.
Ihaveakindoffeelingthismighthappen.(隐约觉得)
Ihaveakindofsuspicionthatshetoldalie.(有点儿)
比较:
dsof/allsortsof各种各样的
Donationscamefromallkindsofpeople.
Allkindsofremarkablethignsbegantohappen.
d同类的,(质量)低劣的
.
Shefindssolaceofakindinalcohol.
六、小结
1.只加可数的复数
many
agreat/goodmany
a(large/good)numberof
复数谓语
2.+不可数名词
much
agreatdealof
anamountof=amountsof
单数谓语
3.+不可数名词/可数的复数
alotof/lotsof
plentyof(前不加a)
谓语由所修饰名词定
+单数可数名词,单数谓语
quantityof加不可数名词/可数的复数,单数谓语
quantitiesof加不可数名词/可数的复数,复数谓语
六、Largequantitiesof的用法
主谓一致我们已经详细复习过,它是高考英语考试的重要考点之一,其中不乏难题,尤
其是带有限定词的名词短语作主语时,最难选择谓语的单复数形式。例如,“aquantityof+
名词”作主语时,谓语是用单数还是用复数就让广大考生困惑不已,到底是用单数还是用复
数
呢?且看下文:
1、A(large)quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenntthere.
Alargequantityofbookshasbeenofferedtous.
Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.
2、(large)quantitiesof修饰可数或不可数名词,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.
3、多数语法,专家们的观点并非如此,他们认为:
aquantityof只能修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。Aquantityof间或也可以修饰可数名
词,例如,Aquantityofbasketswereonsale.
alarge/smallquantityof大量的/少量的(可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词),
例如,Ineedalargequantityofoil(apples).
quantitiesof大批的,大量的,
例如,Largequantitiesofpollutedwaterareflowingintothea.
(alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof+名词)的词组后面的名词是中心词,谓语动词
根据后面的名词的数而定”。
4、aquantityof,quantitiesof可跟可数名词与不可数名词,并举有三例:
Thereisalargequantityofmilk.
Greatquantitiesoffisharecaughtonthehigha.
Largequantitiesofwaterareneededforcoolingpurpos.
5、章振邦在《新编英语语法》(上海译文出版社)212页中讲到,aquantityof既可用于
复数可数名词,也可用于不可数名词。“aquantityof+不可数名词”,谓语只用单,
“quantitiesof+可数与不可数名词”,谓语要用复数。
例如,
Alargequantityofflowerswereheapedonthemartyr’smartyr[5mB:tE]n.烈士,殉教者tomb.
Alargequantityofbeerwasconsumed.
Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.
七、quantity用法结论:
1.aquantityof后既可接复数可数名词,亦可接不可数名词。在它们分别和其后的名词构成
短语作主语时,其谓语动词通常看of后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。如果是接
不可数名词,则谓语用单数形式,如果是接复数可数名词,则谓语通常要采用复数形式
2.quantitiesof后既可接复数可数名词,亦可接不可数名词,后面的谓语都用复数形式。
1)Besides,alargequantityofmailbagswerefound.
2)andasmallquantityofdangerousdrugswereized.
3)Aquantityoffakecertificatesandofficialstampswerealsoized.
进行对照比较,弄清它们的区别,加深对语言现象的印象。
7、以"agreatdealof"的用法为例:
比较"lotsof","alotof","plentyof","alargequantityof","alargenumberof"和"alargeamount
of"的用法,
比较下列句子:
①Wehavestillplentyofeggsleft.
Wehavestillplentyofwaterleft.
②Therichladyhaslargequantitiesofclothes.
Wehavelargequantitiesofrainthissummer.
③Shehasspentagreatdealof(alargeamountof)moneyonherclothes.
④AlargenumberofttlersfromFrancereachedCanadain1534.
⑤There'slotsofrainhereinspring.
Atnoonlotsofstudentsgotothereading-roomtoread.
通过比较这些句子,学生会明白“lotsof”,“alotof”,“plentyof”和“alargequantity
of"可以用在可数名词和不可数名词前,
⑥“agreatdealof”和“alargeamountof”只可用在不可数名词前,“alargenumber
of”只可用在可数名词前。
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