火药阴谋

【优质】英美概况习题精选revid含答案

UnderstandingtheUnitedKingdom

Part1GeographyandHistoryofUK

Section1TheLand

thecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.

hestmountainpeak(高峰)inBritainisin_____.

d

nd（苏格兰）

rnIreland

gestriverinBritainisthe_____River.

（塞文）

gestlakeinBritainislocated(位于)in_____.

d

nd

rnIreland

hestmountainpeakinBritainiscalled_____.

is

ell

nia

l

eDistrict（区）iswell-knownfor_____.

dandbeautifulscenery

iedlakes

ePoets（诗人）

heabovethree

fthefollowingisNOTthefeature（特点）ofBritish

climate（气候）?

ss

inydays

ability

gsKeys:1.B2.A3.D4.A5.D6.A

atethefollowingintoChine

tedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland

大不列颠

及北爱尔兰联合王国

aitofDover多佛海峡

lishChannel英吉利海峡

ich格林尼治

5..TheBritainIsles大不列颠岛

mesRiver泰晤士河

ernRiver塞汶河

/doc/,keNeigh讷湖9.

LakeDistrict湖区

rgh爱丁堡w格拉斯哥

f加的夫enge

史前时期巨大石柱

tishIsles不列颠群岛lishChannel英吉利

海峡

meclimate海洋性气候；海岸气候rds外

来语，外来词18..OldEnglish古英语（略作OE）

Catholicchurch罗马天主教会；罗马公教

20..MiddleEnglish中世纪英语；中古英语（约1150－约1475

年间的英语）

theletteroftheanswerthatbestmatcheach

termontheleft.

___leaderofadioce

___

___Valley

___leaderofaprovince

___ualeducation双语教育n’shighest

mountain

___ofJaneEyre简爱的作者

___ngintwolanguages

(Key:1.b2.f3.a4.e5.g6.c7.d)

Section2ThePeople

thecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.

lishpeoplearedescendants后裔of.

-Saxons

Englishtookshapeaboutacenturyafterthe

Conquest征服.

-Saxon

ablishedchurch国教ofBritainis.

rchofEngland

urch

tedReformedChurch

rchofScotland

iskept,commemorating纪念theofJesusChrist.

ection复活

Keys:1.C2.C3.A4.D

II．Matchthenamesofthecitieswiththedescriptions.

ColumnAColumnB

__f__elmanufacturingcenterofBritain

__c__mercenteroftextileindustryofBritain

__a__hingportinHumberside

__b__gestcityinBritain

__g__ondlargestcityinBritain__d__6.

trictofMeryside

__e__gestcityinScotland

__i__italofWales

__j__italofNorthernIreland

__h__italofScotland

atethefollowingintoChine

English现代英语

rchofEngland英格兰圣公会

mas圣诞节

复活节

nsterAbbey西敏寺大教堂

London伦敦城

ondon外伦敦

'Corner诗人角

gham伯明翰

Fal

dissmallerthanthecombinedterritoryofScotland

andWales.

stChristianchurchwastablishedatCanterbury,

England,in

597.

ttishlanguageisderivedfromOldEnglish.

ndoflanguagetospeakisnotimportantinGreat

Britain.

nt-dayEnglishpeoplehaveinheritedthephysical

characteristicsoftheGermanicpeopleandtheCelts.

(Key:1.F(stilllarger)2.T3.F(OldCelticlanguage)4.F

(extremelyimportant)5.T

Section3EarlyManandtheFeudalSociety

thecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.

liestttlers定居ontheBritishIsleswerethe

___________.

ns

ns

43A.D.,Romanunder_______conqueredBritain.

Caesar

us

ine

e

ritainlasteduntiltheyearof______whenall

Romantroops

军队wentbacktothecontinent大陆.

A.400A.D.

B.410A.D.

C.445A.

D.D.449A.D.

fthefollowingwasNOTathingofvalueleft

behindbyRoman?

hristianity

anRoads

D.

enormouswealth巨大的财富

atCharter宪章wasmadeintheinterestof_______.

g

dallords

nsmen

chants

Keys:1.C2.B3.B4.D5.B

ngethefollowinghistoricaleventsintheorderin

whichtheytookplace.

1.__d____Conquest

2.__b____-SaxonConquest

3.__e____thofParliament

4.__a____onquest

5.__c____Conquest

atethefollowingintoChine

onquest罗马征服-Saxonttlement盎

格鲁撒克逊人的定居

,theConfessor信教者爱德华

atHastings哈斯丁斯战役

atCharter大宪章

arliament模范会议

enge巨石阵thur亚瑟王

s维京人/北欧海盗terburyTales坎特伯雷

故事集

w丹麦法律施行区皮克特人Caesar

尤里乌斯凯撒/凯撒大帝n’sWall哈德良长城20.

RobinHood罗宾汉

theletteroftheanswerthatbestmatcheach

termontheleft.

antjustices

herofBritishNavy

theEnglishthrone

en

n

(1-b2-d3-c4-a5-e)

Fal

tslaidthefoundationsoftheEnglishstate.

lishoriginatedinNormandy.

manConqueststrengthenedthecultural

connectionbetweentheAnglo-Saxonsandtheirrelativesin

northEurope.

mancavalrydefeatedtheAnglo-Saxontroopat

Hastings.

-linguisticperiodinEnglishhistorydrewtoanend

bythelate18thcentury.

(1.F2.F3.F4.T5.F)

Section4DeclineofFeudalismandtheBourgeoisRevolution

thecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.

1.____c___launched发动theHundredYears’War.

Ⅰ

Ⅱ

Ⅲ

Ⅲ

oswerefought___d__betweentheLacastrians

andthe

Yorkistsfrom1455to1485.

ntly

larly

uously

ittently间接性

ofTudorwasfoundedin___d____.

A.1455

B.1465

C.1475

D.1485

tishBourgeoisRevolutiontookplaceinthe___c___

century.

A.15th

B.16th

C.17th

D.18th

fthefollowingstatements声明aboutthe

Renaissance文艺复兴isNOTtrue?

aissancewasarevivalofinterestinmanythings

thattheearlyMiddleAgeshadcaredabout.

aissancewasaculturalmovementbyhumanists.

aissancespreadintoEnglandundertheTudor.

theRenaissance,thetheatreattainedgreat

popularityunder

Elizabeth.

“gloriousrevolution”of1688put__d__onthe

throne宝座.

sⅠ

sⅡ

Ⅱ

mofOrange

Keys:1.C2.D3.D4.C5.A6.D

atethefollowingintoChine

n清教徒

dredYears’War百年大战

arliament短期议会

rliament长期议会

eath黑死病

ationoftheStuart斯图亚特王朝复辟

7.“GloriousRevolution”光荣革命

sofRos玫瑰战争

sm人文主义sance文艺复兴

theletteroftheanswerthatbestmatcheach

termontheleft.

ofthefeudalism

tleader

hurch

archy

ibleFleet

tantideology

(1-e2-a3-b4-d5-f6-c)

Fal

ismwastablishedinEnglandsoonafterthe

Anglo-Saxon

conquest.

dredYear’sWarcontinuedwithoutinterruption

formorethan

100years.

ingoftheWarsoftherosmarkedthebeginning

ofthe

MiddleAges.

orMonarchywasthetransitionalstagefrom

feudalismto

capitalisminEnglishhistory.

ethandramarejectedhumanismandregardedlifeas

atragedy.

(1.F2.F3.F4.T5.F)

Section5TheIndustrialRevolutionandtheChartist

MovementⅠ.Choothebestanswerandcircletheletterbefore

it.

tishIndustrialRevolutionfirstbeganintheindustry.

dsteel

e

-mining

-building

edthe“spinningJenny.”珍妮纺纱

argreaves

dArkwright

Cartwright

att

horofWealthofNations国富is.

ith

ichardo

Malthus

Owen

Keys:1.B2.A3.A

IIMatchtheinventionsinColumnBwiththeinventorsin

ColumnA.

ColumnAColumnB

ngmachinerunbywater

power

amengine

“SpinningJenny”

erloom

ms:

derplot火药阴谋（1605年英国天主教徒在国会地下

室放置炸药企图炸死国王）

llection自然选择；物竞天择说

ofSpecies物种起源

theletteroftheanswerthatbestmatcheach

termontheleft.

usRevolution

otector

ofOriginofSpecies

ofJaneEyre

sts

(1.B2.C3.E4.A5.D)

Section6TheBritishEmpireandBritishImperialism

WhatwarsofaggressionwerewagedbyBritainagainst

Chinainthe19thcentury?

A:In1840,theBritishcolonists(殖民者)launchedan

aggression(侵略)waragainstChinaandforcedthecorrupt(堕落

的,腐败的)QinggovernmenttoconcludetheTreatyofNankingin

1842,whereby(靠那个,凭那个)HongKongwascededtoBritainas

colonyandfiveports(Shanghai,Fuchow,Amoy(厦门),Ningpou

andCanton(广东,旧称))wereopenedasatradeports,andthe

colonistsweregrantedspecialprivilegesfortraveland

missionaryinChina.

From1856to1860,BritainandFrancejointlywagedawarof

aggressionagainstChinaandoccupiedsuchmajorcitiesas

Canton,Tientsin(天津)andPeking(北京,旧称).Theyplundered(掠

夺)andburneddowntheYuanMingYuanPalaceandforcedthe

QinggovernmenttoconcludetheTreatyofTientsinandthe

1900,Britainallied(有联系的,同盟的)with

venimperialist(帝国主义)powers,invadedChinainanattempt

tofurtherdominateoverChina.Ⅰ.Choothecorrectanswer

andcircletheletterbeforeit.

stBritishcolonywas.

land

ndland

dies

tishcolonistsforcedtheQinggovernmentto

concludetheTreatyofin1842.

g

in

fthefollowingisNOTthefeatureofimperialism?

nterritorialexpansion

ofcapital

mpetition

ly

sNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleAlliance三

国同盟?

y

a-Hungary

asNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleEntente

三国协约?

n

fthefollowingisNOTtrueofthedepression

in1930s?

iesclod

ailed

ntradeshriveled

oymentratewaslow

hyeardidJapanattackPearlHarbor珍珠港?

A.1939

B.1940

C.1941

D.1942

erfailedtowinthegeneralelectionin1990

mainlybecauof.

wdevelopmentoftheBritisheconomy

hinflation

hrateofunemployment

hrateoftaxes

ndBritainestablishedthediplomaticrelationsat

the

ambassadorialrankintheyearof.

A.1950

B.1954

C.1972

D.1997

Keys:1.B2.B3.C4.B5.D6.D7.C8.C9.C

II．TranslatethefollowingintoChine

atyofNanking南京条约

tishCommonwealth

ofNations英联邦

oplantations烟草种植园

ar鸦片战争

英国广播公司

eelifestyle

无忧无虑的生活方式

III．TrueorFal

theSecondWorldWarmorethan4.5million

peoplewerenttofightoveras.

heleadershipofTonyBlair,theLaborParty

promidtoturn

Britainintoasocialiststate.

helossofEgyptandtheSuezCanal,peopleno

longerregarded

Britainasagreatpower.

ondWorldWarturnedBritainintoacreditornation.

tishvotersdertedChurchillbecautheywanted

toputthewarbehindthem.

(1.T2.F(Heabandonedtheidea)3.T4.F(adebtornation)5.

T)

Part2PoliticalSystemandEconomyofUK

Section1ParliamentandGovernment

I．WhatpowerdoestheQueenhavetheoretically?Whyisit

saidshehasnorealpoweratallinreality?

Thequeenhasallthepower:sheistheheadoftheexecutive

branchofgovernmentandgiveffecttoalllaws;shemay

pardoncriminaloffensandcancelpunishments;sheisthe

commander-in-chiefofthearmedforcesandthetemporalhead

ofthechurchofEngland;shealsoconfersalltitlesofrankand

appointsjudges,officersofthearmedforces,governors,bishops

emonarchwhohasthepowertoconclude

treaties,todeclarewaruponandmakepeacewithothernations.

thecorrectanswers.

fthefollowingisNOTtrueofBritishpolitical

system?

nhasnocodifiedconstitution.

nisafederalstate.

nstillkeepsanold-fashionedgovernment.

hgovernmentistablishedonthebasisof

constitutionalmonarchy.

ain,governmentcannotspendanymoneywithout

thepermissionof________.

en

meMinister

ofCommons

ofLords

tishgovernmentministersareresponsibleto_____

forthe

workoftheirdepartment.

ofLords

ment

inet

vyCouncil

governmentministersofBritainmustbemembers

of________.

ofLords

ofCommons

vyCouncil

ment

ervantswhoareconcernedwithadministrationare

forbidden________.

tersatelections

ndidatesforparliament

inuetheirworkwhengovernmentchanges

etewithothersforahigherrank

Keys:1.B2.C3.B4.D5.B

atethefollowingintoChine

ofLords贵族院,英国上议院

ofCommons平民院亦称下院

dChancellor大法官

eignandCommonwealthOffice外交及联邦事务部

eOffice内政部

r下院议长

inet内阁ers（英）终身贵

族（子孙不能承袭的）

mporal[复数]LordsTemporal(英国)上议院的世俗议员

(指上议

院中非宗教界的议员即非主教或大主教的贵族议员)

tutionalmonarchy君主立宪制度ds英国上

议院高级法官

ghamPalace白金汉宫（英国皇宫）the

state国

家元首

piritual（英）上议院神职议员

ng

___-upperclass

___ofsupremeexecutivepower

___queen

___alsoflegislation___

osition

___antperson

(1.b2.d3.c4.a5.f6.e)

Fal

oposalsforlegislationareputforwardbythe

oppositionparty

tishprimeministercanlectanyBritishcitizenfor

theoffice

offoreigncretary.

tishsupremecourtofappealsistheUpperHou

tishHouofLordsiscompodofthreetypesof

peers.

enappointstheleaderoftheminoritypartyas

primeminister.

tishqueenisfreetodissolveParliament.

hMembersofParliamentarelectedforatermof

:

(1.F(bythecabinet)2.F(lectonecabinetmember)3.T

4.F(threetypesoflords)

5.F(theleaderofmajorityparty)

6.F(Thequeen’sdissolvingtheParliamentisnormallydone

attherequestofPM)

7.T)

Section2Partypoliticsandjudiciary

rvativeandtheLabourpartieshavebeenin

powerbyturnversincetheendof__________.

19thcentury

oftheFirstWorldWar

ondWorldWar

D.1960s

eralelectioninBritainisheldevery___years.

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

tythathasthemajorityofatsin____willform

thegovernmentinBritain.

ofCommons

ofLords

vyCouncil

inet

Keys；1.C2.C3.A

II:KeyTerms:

1theConrvativeParty保守党

2theLabourParty工党

arties主要政党

lelection大选

eright沉默权

ry悬而不决的陪审团

tjudges巡回法官

ndentcandidate独立候选人

theletteroftheanswerthatbestmatcheach

termontheleft.

d

-owned

mofbelief

ntheleftandtheright

tingvotes

lawyer

raldistrict

ffence

officer

eofthePeace