英语六级论坛

大学英语六级练习题

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutes

towriteapositiononthetopic:OverasStudyatan

uldwriteatleast150wordsfollowing

theoutlinegivenbelow:

1.目前很多父母在子女高中毕业前就送他们出guo学习

2.形成这种趋势的原因

3.我对此的看法大论坛

OverasStudyatanEarlyAge

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutesto

gooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionson

stions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

giveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgivenin

thepassage.

Forquestion5-10,pletethentenceswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage.

TheNextDisaster:AreWeReady?

AreWeReallyPrepared?

AftertheattacksonSeptember11andthehurricanes

thatslammedtheGulfCoastlastyear,you'dexpectour

majorcitiestobereadywithdisasterplansthatwillsave

'snodoubtwe'llbehit

againmaybeevenharderbecauthelistofpossible

calamities(灾难)islong:fromabirdflupandemictoa

massiveCaliforniaearthquake,tomoremonsterstorms,to

anotherterroristattack.

Butarewereallypreparedtoprotectpeople,aswell

astheirhomesandbusiness?Everymajorurbanareahas

receivedfederalfunding,muchofitfromtheDepartmentof

HomelandSecurity(DHS),inordertomaketheircitiesmore

rearenotcriteriaformeasuring

preparedness(thefedsareworkingonthat),andthe

qualityofdisasterplansvarieswidelythroughoutthe

country.

Sowedecidedtodoanindependentasssmentof10

high-riskurbanareas,focusingonkeycurityindicators.

Weanalyzedpublicdata,consultedwithfederalandlocal

emergencyworkers,andcontactedthemayors'officesto

gauge(测量)thereadinessofthecitiestomeetboth

naturalandman-madedisasters.

Ourcriteriafellunderthreemaincategories:

EmergencyReadiness,CrisisCommunications,andMedical

Respon.

EmergencyReadiness

Arethereatleast1,000firstresponders(suchas

police,fireandEMTs)per100,000residents?They'reour

firstlineofprotectioninalmostanydisaster

situationprofessionalswhoaretrainedtohandleeverything

fromrescuingvictimstoprovidingfirstaid,toenforcing

quarantines(封锁),todirectingtrafficforevacuations(疏

散).

Aretherefederalarch-and-rescueteamsbadwithin

50miles?Largecitiesoftenhavespecializedteamstodeal

withsuchthingsashigh-ri-buildingrescuesorhazardous

squadsaresometimessmall,ill-

equipped,nottrueof

federalurbanarch-and-rescuetaskforcesthattheDHS

skforceismadeof62

membersand4canines,aswellasa"prehensivecache"of

kforcesarenotautomaticallyassigned;

acityneedstoapplyandprentitsca.

Hasthecityorstateearned"greenstatus"fromthe

CentersforDiaControlandPrevention?Suppothatin

themidstofaflupandemicorbioterrorattack,yourcity

standsreadytohelp

bydistributingdrugsandmedicalequipmentfromits

agencywantstoknow

thatacityorstateisabletoquicklymobilizehundreds

ofhealthworkersandvolunteerstrainedtohandlethe

logistics,andhasspacetasideforstorageand

'rebestoffifyourcityhaarnedthe

CDC's"greenstatus"evenifthestateitlfhasnotbecau

itmeanslocalhealthteamscanhandlethesupplieson

theirown.

Doesthecitywebsiteexplainclearlywhattodoin

caofevacuation?Whocanforgettheimagesofstranded

NewOrleansresidents,orthe5-mphcrawloutofHouston?

ItturnedoutthatNewOrleans'vacuationplanswereboth

citiescanavoida

similarnightmareistoputclearandeasy-to-find

ties,such

asBostonandWashington,postthepreferredstreetroutes.

Others,likeLasVegas,won'tdisclodetailsdueto

curityfears,buttheirwebsitesmayprovidewaysto

quicklygetevacuationdetailswhenyouneedthem(suchas

numberstocalloralertrvicesyoucansignupfor).

Amongthemoreimportantthingstoaddressarepeople

withoutvehiclesoftheirown(ahugefailinginNew

Orleans)andinstructionsforpetowners.

Doesthewebsiteincludedetailsforresidentswith

specialneeds?InJuly1995,aviciousheatwavekilled

nearly500peopleinChicago;adisproportionatenumberof

risis,

's

whycitiessuchasHoustonarecreatingregistriesof

stswould

indicate,forinstance,thatacertainpersoninacertain

itiesare

instructingpeoplewithdisabilitiestocall911for

assistancethoughthisreliesonphonesystemsthatcouldbe

y'sdisasterplanningshows

noawarenessofspecial-needspeople,itisn'tplete.

CrisisCommunications

Canfirstresponderspolice,fireandmedicaltalktoone

another?OnSeptember11,firefightersdiedinsidethe

WorldTradeCenterbecautheycouldnotmakecontactwith

ble

municationsisacountry-wideproblem,andconvertingor

replacingdecades-oldradiosystemscanbealong,

havegottenabigboostif

they'vetakenpartinRapidCom,aDHSprogramproviding

technicalassistanceandtrainingthatspeedsupthe

transition.

HasthecityadoptedE911?Manycitieshaveupgraded

their911callcentersinrecentyears,butthey'reeven

betterpreparedifthey'veincorporated"E911"(or

"enhanced911").Thistechnologyenablemergency

operatorstoidentifytheprecilocationofcell-phone

indupstrandedin

floodwaters,E911couldsaveyourlife.

Doesthecityprovide24-houremergencyalerts?Whatif

anevacuationordergoesout,butit''re

soundasleep?Notaproblemifyourcityhasawayof

lyonstreet

sirens(警报器)haveudtheir

websitestoinviteresidentstosignupfore-mail

notificationsorautomatedphonecallsinanemergency.

MedicalRespon

Arethereatleast500hospitalbedsforevery100,000

residents?Gettingtovictimsquicklyisacriticalfirst

'dbetterhaveaplacetotakethemfor

nablestandard,aordingtopreparedness

experts,is500hospitalbedsforevery100,000peoplea

ratiothatwouldlikelymeanacitycouldfindenoughspare

,bedsalonewon'tshelpa

massivenumberofburnvictimsorpeoplesufferingfrom

chemicalexposureunlessthehospitalispreparedtotreat

thecitiesinoursurveyhavespecialtyunits

intheirhospitalsthatcanhandlesuchcas.

Arelocalteamstrainedtorespondquicklyandwork

together?Ifandurbanareawastargetedbyweaponsofmass

destruction,cityhealthofficialscouldn'tjustwaitfor

espondersandhospitalwould

uldalsoneedmedical

volunteerssay,tohelpvainatepeopleordistribute

nsurethatallthe

professionalsandvolunteersworktogetherasamlesslyas

possible?IfacityispartofDHS'sMetropolitanMedical

ResponSystem,ithasobtainedfederalassistancein

developingplans,andhasreceivedcriticaltrainingand

equipment.

Aretherelabsnearbythatspecializeinbiologicaland

chemicalthreats?TheCDCisonthecuttingedgewithits

LaboratoryResponNetworkintegratedlabsnationwidethat

havetheequipmentandexpertitoquicklyidentify

abinFloridawas

thefirsttodetectanthrax(炭疽热)interroristmailingsin

toriescanbemembersonlyiftheyhavehighly

trainedstaffandexceptionalfacilities,aswellastrack

ulofLRNlabsqualifyas

"Level1",meaningtheycantestforchemicalpoisonssuch

asmustardandnerveagents.

lu,amassiveearthquake,amonsterstorm

andaterroristattackareallthreatstomajorcitiesin

theU.S.

hordoesanasssmentofallhigh-riskurban

areasintheU.S.

men,firemenandemergencydoctorsallcanbe

calledfirstresponders.

deralurbanarch-and-rescuetaskforceis

madeupofatleast60members.

yhaarnedtheCDC'sgreenstatus"green

status",itmeansthatitslocalhealthteamscanontheir

own.

getevacuationdetailsthroughtheways

providedbythewebsiteofLasVegasthoughitdoesn't

disclothedetailsdueto.

blemunicationsisacountry-wideproblemin

eofthewhichshouldbeconvertedor

replaced.

ncyoperatorscanidentifythepreci

locationofcell-phonecallersthroughGPSsystemswiththe

uof.

gtopreparednesxperts,ifacityhasat

least500hospitalbedsforevery100,000residents,it

couldfindinanemergency.

tofDHS'sMetropolitanMedicalRespon

System,acitycanobtainindevelopingplans

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,thereisashortpassage

epassage

swerthequestionsorpletestatementsin

writeyouranswerson

AnswerSheet2.

Bythemind-nieenthcentury,theterm"icebox"had

enteredtheAmericanlanguage,buticewasstillonly

beginningtoaffectthedietofordinarycitizensinthe

tradegrewwiththegrowthofcities.

Icewasudinhotels,taverns(酒馆),andhospitals,and

bysomeforward-lookingcitydealersinfreshmeat,fresh

fish,heCivilWar(1861-1865),asice

wasudtorefrigeratefreightcars,italsocameinto

fore1880,halfoftheicesoldin

NewYork,Philadelphia,andBaltimore,andone-thirdof

thatsoldinBostonandChicago,wenttofamiliesfortheir

dbeepossiblebecauanewhouhold

convenience,theicebox,aprecursorofthemodernfridge,

hadbeeninvented.

Makinganefficienticeboxasnotaasyaswemight

arlynieenthcentury,theknowledgeof

thephysicsofheat,whichwasntialtoascienceof

refrigeration,wasrudimentary(未开展的).Themonn

notionthatthebesticeboxwasonethatpreventedtheice

frommeltingwasofcourmistaken,foritwasthemelting

heless,early

effortstoeconomizeiceincludedwrappinguptheicein

blankets,il

neartheendofthenieenthcenturydidinventorsachieve

thedelicatebalanceofinsulationandcirculationneeded

foranefficienticebox.

Butaarlyas1803,andingeniousMarylandfarmer,

ThomasMoore,dafarm

abouttwentymilesoutsidethecityofWashington,for

heudaniceboxofhisowndesigntotransporthisbutter

tomarket,hefoundthatcustomerswouldpassupthe

rapidlymeltingstuffinthetubsofhispetitorstopaya

premiumpriceforhisbutter,stillfreshandhardinneat,

antageofhisicebox,Moore

explained,wasthatfarmerswouldnolongerhavetotravel

tomarketatnightinordertokeeptheirproducecool.

thetopicofthepassage?

asiceudaftertheCivilWar?

sntialtoascienceofrefrigeration

aordingtothepassage?

einferredfromthepassagethatthe

theoreticalfoundationoficeboxshouldbethat.

tanicebox,farmershadtogotothemarket

atnightbecau.

SectionB

Directions:

passageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked

[A],[B],[C]and[D].Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions52to66arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Racket,dinclamor,eryouwanttocallit,

unwantedsoundisAmerica'

titutesareal

andprentdangertopeople'night,at

home,atwork,andatplay,noicanproducerious

simmunetothis

weemtoadjusttonoibyignoringit,

theear,infact,neverclosandthebodystill

respondssometimeswithextremetension,astoastrange

soundinthenight.

Theannoyancewefeelwhenfacedwithnoiisthemost

monoutwardsymptomofthestressbuildingupinsideus.

Indeed,becauirritabilityissoapparent,legislators

havemadepublicannoyancethebasisofmanynoi

abatement(消除)esubtleandmorerious

healthhazardsassociatedwithstresscaudbynoi

traditionallyhavebeengivenmuchlessattention.

Nevertheless,whenweareannoyedormadeirritableby

noi,weshouldconsiderthesymptomsfairwarningthat

otherthingsmaybehappeningtous,someofwhichmaybe

damagingtoourhealth.

Ofthemanyhealthhazardsrelatedtonoi,hearing

lossisthemostclearlyobrvableandmeasurableby

erhazardsarehardertopin

yofus,theremaybeariskthatexposureto

thestressofnoiincreassusceptibilitytodiaand

esusceptibleamongusmayexperience

noiasaplicatingfactorinheartproblemsandother

hatcausannoyanceandirritabilityin

healthypersonsmayhaveriousconquencesfortho

alreadyillinmindorbody.

mple,

thereareindicationsofeffectsontheunbornchildwhen

mothersareexpodtoindustrialandenvironmentalnoi.

Duringinfancyandchildhood,youngsterxpodtohigh

noilevelsmayhavetroublefallingasleepandobtaining

necessaryamountsofrest.

why,then,istherenotgreateralarmaboutthe

dangers?Perhapsitisbecauthelinkbetweennoiand

manydisabilitiesordiashasnotvetbeenconclusively

sitisbecauwetendtodismiss

annoyanceasapricetopayforlivinginthemodernworld.

Itmayalsobebecauwestillthinkofhearinglossas

onlyanoupationalhazard.

a"immuneto"(Line3,Para.1)areud

tomean.

[A]unaffectedby[B]hurtby

[C]unlikelytobeenby[D]unknownby

hor'sattitudetowardnoiwouldbestbe

describedas.

[A]unrealistic[B]traditional[C]concerned[D]

hysterical

fthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaof

thepassage?

[A]Noiisamajorproblem;mostpeoplerecognizeits

importance.

[B]Althoughnoicanbeannoying,itisnotamajor

problem.

[C]Noiisamajorproblemandhasnotyetbeen

recognizedassuch.

[D]Noiisamajorproblemaboutwhichnothingcanbe

done.

horcondemnsnoiesntiallybecauit.

[A]isagainstthelaw[B]canmakesomepeople

irritable

[C]isanuisance[D]isadangertopeople'shealth

horwouldprobablyconsiderrearchabout

theeffectsnoihasonpeopletobe.

[A]unimportant[B]impossible

[C]awasteofmoney[D]esntial

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebadonthefollowingpassage.

FreshwaterlifeitlfhasnevereeasyintheMiddle

nceTheOldTestament(旧约全书),Godpunished

upplieshere

nfallonlyesinwinterand

drainsquicklythroughthemiaridland,leavingthesoil

tobakeandtothirstfornextNovember.

Theregion'saeleratingpopulation,expanding

agriculture,industrialization,andhigherlivingstandards

tandpollutionlimititsa

yce

StarroftheGlobalWaterSummitInitiative,badin

Washington,D.C."NationslikeIsraelandJordanare

swiftlyslidingintothatzonewheretheyaresuingallthe

veonly15to20

yearsleftbeforetheiragriculture,andultimatelytheir

foodcurity,isthreatened."

Icameheretoexaminethiscrisisinthemaking,to

investigatefearsthat"waterwars"areimminent,that

waterhasreplacedoilastheregion'smostcontentious

ethantwomonthsItraveledthroughthree

rivervalleysandvennationsfromsouthernTurkeydown

theEuphratesRivertoSyria,Iraq,andontoKuwait;to

IsraelandJordan,neighborsacrossthevalleyofthe

Jordan;tothetimelessEgyptianNile.

Evenamidthescarcitytherearehavesandhave-nots.

paredwiththeUnitedStates,whichin1990hadfreshwater

potentialof10,000cubicmeters(2.6milliongallons)a

yearforeachcitizen,Iraqhad5,500,Turkeyhad4,000,

andSyriahadmorethan2,'spotentialwasonly

1,

arenotfirmfigures,becauupstreamuofriverwater

candramaticallyalterthepotentialdownstream.

Scarcityisonlyoneelementofthecrisis.

Inefficiencyisanother,asisthereluctanceofsome

water-poornationstochangeprioritiesfromagricultureto

pertssuggestthat

ifnationswouldsharebothwatertechnologyandresources,

theycouldsatisfytheregion'spopulation,currently159

hispatchworkofethnicandreligious

rivalries,

entangledinthepoliticsthatkeeppeoplefromtrusting

,wherewater,like

truth,isprecious,eachnationtendstofinditsownwater

andsupplyitsowntruth.

AsIsraelihydrologyprofessorUriShamirtoldme:"If

thereispoliticalwillforpeace,waterwillnotbea

antreasonstofight,waterwillnotbe

antreasonstofight,waterwillgive

youampleopportunities."

stheauthoruthephra"fornext

November"(Line3,Para.1)?

[A]AordingtotheOldTestamentfreshwateris

availableonlyinNovember.

[B]RainfallesonlyinwinterstartingfromNovember.

[C]Runningwatersystemswillnotbereadyuntilnext

November.

[D]Itisacustominthatregionthatirrigationto

cropsisdoneonlyinNovember.

NOTthecaufortheimminentwaterwar?

[A]Lackofwaterresources.[B]Lackofrainfall.

[C]Inefficientuofwater.[D]Waterhasreplaced

oil.

fortheregiontouwaterefficientlyis

to.

[A]developotherenterpristhatcostlesswater

[B]drawaplanofirrigationforthevariousnations

[C]importwaterfromwater-richnations

[D]stopwarsofanysortforgoodandall

mir'sviewpointisthat.

[A]nationsinthatregionarejustfightingforwater

[B]peopletherearethirstyforpeaceinsteadofwater

[C]waterisnoproblemaslongasthereispeace

[D]thonationshaveeveryreasontofightforwater

hor'stoneinthearticlecanbedescribed

as.

[A]depressing[B]urgent[C]joking[D]mocking

Directions:

thispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineach

havetochangeaword,addawordor

tthemistakesandputthecorrectionsin

hangeaword,crossitoutand

addaword,putanionmark(∧)intherightplaceand

word,cross

itoutandputaslash(/)intheblank.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybeingtheliteratureofour

/times/period

Manyoftheargumentshavingudforthestudyof

literature2./aschool

subjectarevalidfor

TheEuropeanUnionhadapprovedanumberofgeically

wingpublicconcern

ed

veralEUcountriestodemandamoratorium(暂时制止)on

1999therewere

ar,AmericafiledaplaintattheWTOabout

themoratorium,arguingthatitwasanillegaltrade

morestudieshavebeenpletedontheeffectsofGMcrops,

thegreens'caforthemhasweakened.65.

Muchevidencehamergedofhealthrisksfromeating

,overall,thestudieshaveshownthatthe

environmentaleffectsonmodifiedcropsarenotalwaysas

heless,

environmentalistscontinuetofindfaultofsuchstudies

andarguethattheyareinconclusive.68.

WhileAmericansembehappyenoughtoconsume69.

foodmadefromGMcrops,opinionpollscontinuetoshowtht

ansembe

takingtheattitudewhich,sincethereremainsthe

ilityofadverconquencesandsince

,asconsumers,benefitfromGM

crops,theywouldrathernotruntherisk.

Directions:CompletethefollowingntencesonAnswer

Sheet2bytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinegivenin

brackets.

ndCanyonis(最宽处达两万四千米).

adfollowedmyadvice,(你现在就能完成工作

了).

ofthepracticalneedofsociety,(有越来越

多的人对学习英语感兴趣).

ookisabestfriend(从不回绝我们).

otuntillastFriday(他读完了他妈妈送给他

的那本书).

OverasStudyatanEarlyAge

Nowadays,moreandmoreparentsareeagertondtheir

childrentostudyabroadbeforetheyfinishhighschoolby

whatevermeansandatwhatevercost.

Itisquiteunderstandableforparentstondtheir

childrentostudyoverasbecautheyplacehigh

eencouragedbythe

suessstoriesofthowhohavepletedtheiroverasstudy.

Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,paniesandinstitutionsat

homearegivingmoreandmoreemphasisonoveras

experiences,too.

Conquently,pursuingoverasstudyhasbeeakindof

er,thereis

stilloneunderlyingreasonforthisrush-economicreason.

TherapideconomicprogressinthepastfewyearsinChina

hanabledmoreandmoreparentstoaffordthehugecost

fortheirchildren’soverasstudy.

Asforme,overasstudyissurelyahelpfulwayto

getbothadvancedknowledgeandnecessaryexperiences,but

overasstudyatanearlyageisneithernecessarynor

dentsmaybetooyoungtoeithertend

nkthat

overasstudycancontributetoone’slf-improvement,

butit’sbettertobepursuedafteronehasfinishedhis

collegestudyathome,whenheismorecapableoflearning

andlivingonhisown.