2018考研英语二答案

2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析

SectionIUofEnglish

Directions：

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark

A,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

whydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviously

bepainfulBecauhumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoa

rearchrevealsthattheneedto

knowissostrongthatpeoplewiill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitis

cleartheanswerwill3.

Inariesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicago

andtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto4themlves

5each

participantwasshownapileofpensthattherearcherclaimedwerefromaprevious

stHalfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.

Twenty-venstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwe

nty-venweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftalonein

theroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockth

emclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswho

uentexperimentsreproducedthiffectwit

hotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandpho

tographsofdisgustingincts.

Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameastheba

sicdrivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHeoftheUniversity

ityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12

newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13canin

sightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofound

curiosityispossibleto15,alexperiment,particip

antswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewingan

unpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toesuchanresults

suggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosi

tyaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.T

hinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegative

effectsofcuriosity."Heotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.

1.

8.

ofto

e

11.

withonfromto

.tence

lf-evident

18.

.whether

20.

1.【答案】A

【解析】句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它

事情呢”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。[A]解决[B]保护

[C]讨论[D]忽视，根据动宾搭配关系，解决不确定性搭配合理。

2.【答案】C

【解析】本题考查动介词搭配。根据原文语境，需要选择一个动词和后面的“to”连用。[A]

拒绝做...[B]等待做...[C]寻求，力求做...[D]后悔做...结合文意“人们要___满足他们

的好奇心”来判断，正选为[C]寻求，力求做。

3.【答案】D

【解析】根据原文语境，“painful,uncertainty”均为消极词汇。

4.【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配考查。根据原文语境，考查短语____sbtosth意为“让某人承受某事”。

因此，C选项为正选。

5.【答案】B

【解析】根据上文，第二段句首提到inariesoffourexperiments,说明是在“实验”

的语境。结合四个选项，[A]信息[B]实验[C]复习[D]观念，只有B选项和段落语境相符合。

因此为正选。

6.【答案】C

【解析】动宾搭配。结合语境，“当点击的时候，一半的钢笔会____电流。”根据动宾搭配，

本题需要一个动词来搭配电流，考查四个选项，[A]移除[B]削弱[C]传递[D]打扰A选项更

符合语境。

7.【答案】D

【解析】时间状语的考查。结合语境，“___被独自留在房间，学生会....”,因此，这是一

个非常明显的时间状语从句。正选为D.

8.【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。结合原文语境，由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的学生，而在定语从

句中，又出现由what引导的宾语从句。结合宾语从句的含义，“知道接下来会发生什么”

更符合语境。

9.【答案】B

【解析】结合语境，后面语境为并列关系，因此此题应填举例子。B为正选。

10.【答案】D

【解析】Discover与上文中的Curiosity相对应。

11.【答案】C

【解析】本词与后文的Basicdrives的详细说明。与shelter一样都属于人类的基本需

求。

12.【答案】D

【解析】破折号的内容是对前文instinct的解释。说明这种本能能够促进新的科学发展，

属于因果关系。

13.【答案】B

【解析】跟前文的drives相对应。

14.【答案】A

【解析】本题与前文的backfire相对应，都属于贬义词。

15.【答案】A

【解析】从后文的试验中，参与者应该被鼓励参与，因此跟前文的坚持相对应。

16.【答案】A

【解析】通过后文的after能看出这个事情并没有发生，因此填预测。

17.【答案】B

【解析】动宾搭配。

18.【答案】C

【解析】of引导的后置定语。由一个人的好奇心所带来的结果。

19.【答案】A

【解析】whether引导宾语从句。

20.【答案】D

【解析】关联对应，对应18题的outcome.

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing

A,B,uranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhis

effortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.

eacherataNewHampshirehighschool

wherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,but

ditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletoname

the13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbike

chain

AsKoziatekknows,gis

necessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuck

nalsolearngeometrybyasmbling

abicycle.

Buthe’gwithyourhandsis

enasalmostamarkofinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethat

stereotype..thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,”hesays.

Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sisnottheeconomic

enginethatitoncejobcuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschool

graduateshaslargelyeducationisthenewwantmoreforourkids,andrigitfully

so.

Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluing

ofanythingless-missanimportantpoint:That’snottheonlythingtheAmerican

economy,abachelor’sdegreeopensmoreevennow,54percentofthejobsinthe

countryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillonly44

percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonits

politicalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericais

vanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheisagapinworking-class

jobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthojobsmostaren’tequippedtodo’sManchester

SchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.

Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upeducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisks

overlookinganation’sdiversiyofgifts.

21.【题干】Abrokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof______.

memorization

training

ability

spirit

22.【题干】Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.

financiallydisadvantaged

notacademicallysuccessful

astereotypedmind

nocareermotivation

23.【题干】WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.

entitledtomore“ducationalprivileges

reluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

tohavemorejobopportunities

tohavebigfinancialconcerns

24.【题干】Theheadlongpushintobacheloi’sdegreesforall_____.

createalotofmiddle-skilljobs

narrowthegapinworking-classjobs

expectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

theovervaluingofhighereducation

25.【题干】Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.

21.【答案】Cpracticalability

【解析】这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么

时候这种观点变得可接受了呢学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏

了的自行车链束手无策”。从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学

生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，MrKoziatek

是NewHampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考

试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实

际技能，所以答案是Cpracticalability.

22.【答案】Barenotacademicallysuccessful

【解析】这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词职业教育对孩子存在的偏见可定位至

第四段最后一句，意思是“在很多职业化教育的学校中，有这样一种老套的思想，那就是，

职业教育是针对那些在学术上不能成功的那些孩子的。”根据这句话可确定答案就是Bare

notacademicallysuccessful。其他选项均不符合文意。

23．【答案】Cudtohavemorejobopportunities

【解析】这是一道细节推断题，根据题干第五段和highschoolgraduates回到原

文定位致第五段第三句，说到美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的那种thejobcurity已

经在很大程度上evaporated也就是消失了，那说明过去的时候高中毕业生是有职业安全感

的，故选C，其他选项都不在定位处，可以排除。

24.【答案】Dindicatetheovervaluingofhighereducation

【解析】这是一道事实细节题，根据题干内容“theheadlongpush”找到出

处是第六段开头But后，发现后面还有一个and...和其并列，所以主要关注对这两部分的

评价，后面有明显的标点：冒号出现，冒号后说thatisnottheonlythingtheAmerican

economyneeds.可以看出这句话对前面的否定，选项中只有D选项动词overvalue是负面

词，而且提到主题词education。故选D。这道题最适合用感情色彩来排除与D相反的其他

三个选项。

25.【答案】Asupportive

【解析】这是一道态度题，放在最末的态度题更倾向于到最后一段找答案。

通过定位词Koziatek’sschool看到最后一段也确实提到了，说它是一个wake-upcall。

也就是在唤醒人们教育不应该是统一的形式，这样会overlookinganation’sdiversity

ofgifts，也就是忽视人才的差异性。所以可以看出作者是支持的态度。

Text2

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percentof

theworld'nergysupply,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongsto

renewablesourcessuchaswindandmovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaround

theworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedBusinssto

fundcleanerenergyincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesof

renewables,especiallywindandcostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentand

thecostofwindturbinesbyclotaone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergy

Scotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percent

herestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,the

h,forthefirsttime,wind

andsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedinthe

US,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels-especiallycoal-asthepath

entspeechinIowa,hedismisdwindpowerasan

unreliableenergysource,ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,where

windturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate'lectricity

generation-andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbythe

availabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn'tbloworthes

undoesn'tshine"

oostinthestorage

apacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowing

aroundtheclockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninparbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoarepla

cingbig

ghelectriccarsare

stillararity

ssiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidl

yincomingyears.

Whilethere'salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesfor

eof

changeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingupperhaps:justin

timetohavea

meaningfuleffectinslowingclimateWashingtondoes-or

doesn'tdo-topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessa

timeofaglobalshiftinthought.

26.【题干】Theword"plummeting"(Line3,isclostinmeaningto______

【选项】

27.【题干】

AccordingtoParagraph3,theuofrenewableenergyinAmerica____

__

【选项】

ressingnotably

tensiveasinEurope

anychallenges

vedtobeimpractical

28.【题干】ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,______.

【选项】

awidelyudenergysource

ergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

antsareinvestingincleanenergy

sashortageofcleanenergysupply

29.【题干】WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs

5&

tainableexploitationwillremain

einferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy

_____.

【选项】

ingtheUSclortoothercountries

celerateglobalenvironmentalchange

eallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

ompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

30.【题干】Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

【选项】

ingtheUSclortoothercountries

celerateglobalenvironmentalchange

eallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

ompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

26.【答案】Cfalling

【解析】这是一道词义句意题，要想知道plummeting的意思，首先要回到原文找线

索，即plummeting所在的句子以及上下句，由原文可知，plummeting所在句子是在说现在

例如风能和太阳能这样的可再生资源的价格的问题，plummeting是修饰可再生资源的价格

的，接着二段最后一句就在用具体数字来证明可再生资源的成本在下降，如太阳能成本下降

了百分之八十，风能也降到三分之一，由此可知，可再生资源的成本在下降，plummeting

的含义是下降的意思。所以选择Cfalling。

27.【答案】Aisprogressingnotably

【解析】这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词定位至第三段第三句及第四句，意思

是“在中国和欧洲等国家已经领先时，美国也在见证着巨大的改变。根据美国能源信息局报

道，三月份，美国首次使用风能和太阳能产生了超过百分之十以上的能源。”这足以说明在

美国，可再生能源的使用正在取得显著地进步。所以答案是A。

28.【答案】Awindisawidelyudenergysource

【解析】这是一道细节推断题，根据题干关键词定位至第四段第三句，在爱荷华州，

风力涡轮机点缀着这个州并提供了此州百分之三十六的电能，并且还吸引了像微软这样的科

技巨头公司。因此可判断，在爱荷华州，风能是一种广泛使用的能源。所以答案是A。

29.【答案】Citscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality

【解析】这是一道是非细节题，根据题干给出的段落位置，5-6两段和主题词clean

energy，回到原文的第5-6段，这两段都不长，第五段出现了But后讲到电池容量的提升a

boostinthestorage，与A选项不符，并不是因果关系，故排除；B选项说道广泛用在制

造业也不符合原文第六段第一句；而D选项和原文第六段最后一句是语义相反的，故也排除；

正确选项C是和这句话语义一致的，也是和全文主题一致的，故为正确答案。

30．【答案】CisnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

【解析】这是一道细节推断题，题干问“根据最后一段可以推断出来可再生能源怎么

了”，回到原文最后一段第一句就表明尽管还有很长一段路要走，可再生能源发展的趋势在

增强。后面也提到改变的节奏在加快，对slowing气候变化有meaningfuleffect，所以可

以看出B选项accelerate...是不对的，D选项中提到的价格不具有竞争力不在本段当中，

也应排除。剩下的两个选项都提到了美国，就应该重点看最后一句，最后一句提到华盛顿政

府做或不做什么都maymeanlessandless...所以可以看出美国不应该是和其他国家更近，

排除A，所以选C，美国不是真正支持可再生能源的。

Text3

Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing

—AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoods

for$,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsApp

messagingrvice,whichdoesn’atsApp

offeredFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsurs’friendships

andsociallives.

FacebookpromidtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphone

numberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromialmostassoonasthedeal

thoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwho

litical

journalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroups

inwhichTheresaMay’nemiesarecurrentlyplottingItmaybethatthevalueof

WholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsftowns,buttherecordsofwhich

customershavepurchadwhat.

Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheimbalancesofpower.

thing,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithin

imeaproblemhasbeenaddresdandremedieditmay

havevanishedinthemarketplace,re

isadeeperconceptualproblem,itionlawasprentlyinterpreteddeals

withfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheursof

thervicesdon’rsoftheirrvicesarenottheir

uldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem—andFacebook

andGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantage

ofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.

Theproductthey’rellingisdata,andwe,theurs,convertourlives

someantsfarmthebugscalled

aphidsforthehoneydewtheyproducewhe

31.【题干】AccordingtoParagraph1，FacebookacquiredWhatsAppfor

its。

【选项】

A．digialproducts

B．urinformation

C．physicalasts

D．qualityrvice

32.【题干】LinkingphonenumberstoFaccbookidentitiesmay

【选项】

politicaldisputes

upcustomerrecords

arisktoFacebookurs

theEuropeancommission

33.【题干】Accordingtotheauthor，competitionlaw

【选项】

rvethenewmarketpowers

worntheeconomicimbalancens

notprovidejustonelegalsolution

keeppacewiththechangingmarket

34.【题干】CompetitionlawasprentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebooknrs

Becau

【选项】

arenodefinedascustomers

arenotfinanciallyreliable

rvicesaregenerallydigital

rvicesarepaidforbyadvertirs

35.【题干】Theantsanalogyisudtollustrate

【选项】

win-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants

typicalcompetitionpattemamongdigitalgiants

benefitsprovidedfordigitalgiants'customers

relationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirurs

31.【答案】［B］urinformation

【解析】细节题。根据题干信息定位到第一段第二句。该句提到两年前Facebook花了更多

的钱获得了WhatsApp的信息服务。接着提到WhatsApp提供给Facebook的是关于其用户的

朋友圈以及社会生活等具体精炼的信息。由此可知，B项为正确答案。

32.【答案】［C］poarisktoFacebookurs

【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词linkingthephonenumber定位第二段第一句。该句提

到Facebook向欧洲委员会承诺不会把用户的电话号与Facebook的身份认证连系到一起，但

是协议通过之后Facebook立马失信。接下来提到“甚至都不清楚信息里面都有什么，也不

知谁发的消息，发送的目的又是什么”。因此，可能会给用户造成风险。因此C项符合文意。

33.【答案】［D］cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket

【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词competitionlaw定位到第三段第一句。该句指出“竞

争法似乎成为解决这些不平等权力的唯一办法，但是此法案太过笨拙”。下一句提到“一方

面，相比于数据经济变化的速度，此法案发展是非常缓慢的”。由此可知，该法案跟不上当

前市场变化的步伐。因此D项为正确答案。

34.【答案】［D］thervicesarepaidforbyadvertirs.

【解析】根据题目中的becau可确定为因果细节题。题干中的信息出现在第三段后半部

分，是题目中的原词competitionlawasprentlyinterpreted，而原因在其后面的句

子。下文写到，theursoftheirrvicesarenot，读到这里的not，一定要找而是

谁。继续读下一句，Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem…，与选

项对应，可得出［D］thervicesarepaidforbyadvertirs。

35.【答案】［D］therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirurs.

【解析】根据题目中isudtoillustrate可判断为例证题，要找到theantsanalogy

论据所证明的论点；论点在论据之前，因此先找到论据theantsanalogy，再找到论据前

的论点句。所以本题定位到最后一段的第一句，Theproduct…isdata，andwe…convert

ourlivestodata…。此句中，data即digitalgiants，we即urs。因此答案为［D］

therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirurs.

Text4

Tocombatthetrapofputtingapremiumonbeingbusy,CalNewport,author

ofDeepWork:RulesforFocudSuccessinaDistractedWorld,recommendsbuilding

ahabitof“deepwork”-theabilitytofucuswithoutdistraction.

Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringtheartofdeepwork-beitlengthy

retreatsdedicatedtoaspecifictask;developingadailyritual;ortakinga

“journalistic”approachtoizingmomentsofdeepworkwhenyoucanthroughout

verapproach,thekeyistodetermineyourlengthoffocustimeand

sticktoit.

Newportalsorecommends“deepscheduling”tocombatconstant

interruptionsandgetmoredoneinlesstime.“Atanygivenpoint,Ishouldhave

deepworkscheduledforroughlythenextonthecalendar,Iprotectthistimelike

Iwouldadoctor’sappointmentorimportantmeeting,”hewrites.

Anotherapproachtogettingmoredoneinlesstimeistorethinkhowyouprioriti

yourday-inparticularhowwecraftourto-doHarford,authorofMessy:ThePower

ofDisordertoTransformOurLives,pointstoastudyintheearly1980sthatdivided

undergraduatesintotwogroups:somewereadvidtotoutmonthlygoalsandstudy

activities;othersweretoldtoplanactivitiesandgoalsinmuchmoredetail,day

byday.

Whiletherearchersassumedthatthewell-structureddailyplanswouldbemost

effectivewhenitcometotheexecutionoftasks,theywerewrong:thedetaileddaily

darguesthatinevitabledistractionsoften

renderthedailyto-dolistineffective,whileleavingroomforimprovisationinsuch

alistcanreapthebestresults.

Inordertomakethemostofourfocusandenergy,wealsoneedtoembracedowntime,

orasNewportsuggests,“belazy.”

“Idlenessisnotjustavacation,anindulgenceoravice;itisasindispensable

tothebrainasvitaminDistothebody...[idleness]is,paradoxically,necessary

togettinganyworkdone,”heargues.

SriniPillay,anassistantprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool,

believesthiscounterintuitivelinkbetweendowntimeandproductivitymaybedue

rbrainsswitchbetweenbeingfocudand

unfocudonatask,theytendtobemoreefficient.

“Whatpeopledon’trealiisthatinordertocompletethetaskstheyneed

touboththefocusandunfocuscircuitsintheirbrain，”saysPillay.

36.【题干】Thekeytomasteringtheartofdeepworkisto______

【选项】

veryminutetowork

uimmediatetasks

ecificdailyplans

yourfocustime

37.【题干】Thestudyintheearly1980scitedbyHarfordshowsthat

【选项】

tsarehardlymotivatedbymonthlygoals

edplansmaynotbeasfruitfulaxpected

ctionsmayactuallyincreaefficiency

chedulesarcindispensabletostudying

38.【题干】AccordingtoNewport,idlenessis__________-

【选项】

ablementalstateforbusypeople

contributortophysicalhealth

ctivewaytosavetimeandenergy

ntialfactorinaccomplishinganywork

39.【题干】Pillaybelievesthatourbrain’sshiftbetweenbeingfocudand

infocud______

【选项】

ngaboutgreaterefficiency

ultinpsychologicalwell-being

enbytaskurgency

datbetterbalanceinwork

40.【题干】Thistextismainlyabout_____

【选项】

chestogettingmoredoneinlesstime

relievethetensionofbusylife

toeliminatingdistractions

ofthelackoffocustime

36.【答案】［D］keeptoyourfocustime

【解析】细节题。根据题干的masteringtheartofdeepwork定位到第二段首句。该句

指出“有很多种掌握深度工作的方法-不论是专注于指定工作时长时间的后退，或者养成惯

例，还是当你一天有闲暇之余采用纪实的方式捕捉深度工作的瞬间”。接着提到“不论是那

种方式，关键在于确定你的专注力时间长度并保持专注”。由此可知，D项为正确答案。

37.【答案】［B］detailedplansmaynotbeasfruitfulaxpected

【解析】例证题。根据题干时间信息1980s以及Harford定位到第四段与第五段。

第四段首句指出另一种短时间做更多事情的方法是反思怎么才能优先处理好你的一天-特别

是制作我们待办事项的方法。接着作者举例大学生们分成小组每天做各种详细复杂的任务。

第五段首句用while画风一转，表示这种复杂的任务让学生们感到消极，并表示工作中难免

会分散注意力，这将影响日常待办事项的效率。可知，作者用反面例子来论证观点，即复杂

的计划可能没有像期望的那样有效果。故选B项。

38.【答案】［D］anesntialfactorinaccomplishinganywork.

【解析】根据题目Newport得出本题目为细节题中的文中人物观点题。根据题干中的

idleness可定位到倒数第三段，idlenessisnot，读到这里依然需要看下文，下面提到it

isas…as…，isnecessarytogettinganyworkdone。再对应选项，可直接选出［D］

anesntialfactorinaccomplishinganywork。

39.【答案】［A］canbringaboutgreaterefficiency.

【解析】根据题目中的Pillaybelieves可得出本题目为细节题中的文中人物观点题型。

根据题目中的信息，可以定位到倒数第二段最后一句，明确指出theytendtobemore

efficient。然后对应选项得出［A］canbringaboutgreaterefficiency。

40.【答案】［A］approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime.

【解析】根据题目的mainlyabout可知为文章主旨题，首先可以通过题目的复现内容找与

文章主旨有关的词汇，题目中反复出现了focus内容，可判断与人们的注意力有。其次，文

章主旨一般在开篇第一段或第二段会出现，第一段引用CalNewport的观点指出focus

withoutdistraction话题，第二段就提到了主题approachestomasteringthdartofdeep

work，此刻主题已明确，并且第四段有明显的证明anotherapproach。所以本题选［A］

approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime。

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitable

subheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Thereare

uranswersontheANSWER

SHEET.

【选项】

ent

yit

anopinion

e＂metoo＂s

,places,things

esmalltalk

iquecompliment

Fivewaystomakeconversationwithanyone

Conversationsarelinks,whichmeanswhenyouhaveaconversationwithanewperson

alinkgetsformedandeveryconversationyouhaveafterthatmomentwillstrengthen

thelink.

Youmeetnewpeopleeveryday:thegroceryworker,thecabdriver,newpeopleatwork

orthecurityguardatthestartingaconversationwiththemwillformalink.

Herearefivesimplewaysthatyoucanmakethefitmoveandstartaconversation

withstrangers.

41【题干】._________________________________

Suppoyouareinaroomwithsomeoneyoudon’tknowandsomethingwithinyousays

“Iwanttotalkwiththisperson”-thisissomethingthatmostlyhappenswithall

ofwantedtosaysomething-thefirstword-butitjustwon’tcomeout,itfeelslike

itisstuckknowthefeelingandhereismyadvice:justgetitout.

Justthink:whatistheworstthatcouldhappenTheywon’ttalkwithyouWell,they

arenottalkingwithingwithyounow!

Itrulybelievethatonceyougetthatfirstwordouteverythingwilljustflow.

Itrulybelievethatonceyougetthatfirstwordouteverythingelwill

justkeepitsimple"hi","hey"or"hello"-dothebestyoucantogatherallof

theenthusiasmandenergyyoucan,putonabigsmileandy"hi".

42.【题干】_________________________________

It’saproblemallofusface;youhavelimitedtimewiththepersonthatyouwant

totalkwithandyouwanttomakethistalkmemorable.

Honestly,ifwegotstuckintherutof“h”,”hello”,”howareyour”and“what’s

goingon”,youwillfailtogivetheinitialjolttotheconversationthatcanmake

itsomemorable.

Sodon’tbeafraidtoaskmorepersonalme,you’llbesurpridtoehowmuch

peoplearewillingtoshareifyoujustask.

43.【题干】________________________________

Whenyoumeetapersonforthefirsttime,makeanefforttofindthethingswhich

youandthatpersonhaveincommonsothatyoucanbuildtheconversationfromthat

youstartconversationfromthereandthenmoveoutwards,you’llfindallofasudden

thattheconversationbecomesaloteasier.

44.【题干】_____________________________

Imagineyouarepouringyourheartouttosomeoneandtheyarejustbusyontheir

phone,andifyouaskfortheirattentionyougettherespon“Icanmultitask”.

Sowhensomeonetriestocommunicatewithyou,justbeinthatcommunicationeye

me,eyecontactiswhereallthemagicyoumakeeyecontact,youcanfeelthe

conversation.

45.【题干】_____________________

Youallcameintoaconversationwhereyoufirstmettheperson,butaftersometime

youmayhavemetagainandhaveforgottentheir’tthatawkward!So,rememberthe

littledetailsofthepeopleyoumetoryoutalkedwith;perhapstheplacesthey

havebeenplacestheywanttogo,thethingstheythingstheyhate-whateveryou

talkabout.

Vhenyouremembersuchthingsyoucanautomaticallybecomeinvestorintheirwell

theyfeelaresponsibilitytoyoutokeepthatrelationshipgoing.

That’samazingwaysthatyoucanmakeconversationwithalmostpersonisareally

goodbooktoread,ortohaveaconversationwith!

41.【答案】B

【解析】该小标题需要涵盖三段内容。第一段开始说到你想跟陌生人说话，但是“itjust

won’tcomeout”，提到说话说不出来，随后直接出现我的建议“Myadvice：justgetit

out“，即去说。所以选B：Justsayit去说

42.【答案】F

【解析】该小标题下第一段第一句话就说了你时间有限“youhavelimitedtime”，然后

说到如果陷到寒暄当中“hi，hello，howareyou，whatisgoingon”会让对话没法令

人印象深刻。下一段“So”表明结论，去问更多个人问题“personalquestions”，所以选

F：Skipthesmalltalk跳过寒暄

43.【答案】D

【解析】第一句话就说到了第一次交谈要找到共同点“haveincommon”，从这个共同点

“thatpoint”来开展对话“buildtheconversation”，所以选D：findthe“metoo”s

找到共同点

44.【答案】G

【解析】第一段先举例，说你跟人讲心事时，别人分心干别的。然后下一段“So”表明结论，

人家跟跟你沟通，你要全心投入“wholeheartedly”。所以选G：Payauniquecomplement

专注

45.【答案】E

【解析】第一句话就提到了忘记只见过一面的人的名字“name”。“So”后面又提到回忆地

点“places”和好恶的事情“things”等细节，所以选E：Name，places，things

SectionIIITranslation

：

ourtranslationon

ANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttolecthisfuturecareerpathfrom

s“astronaut”butquicklyadds“scientist”tothe

isconvincedthatifhereadnough,hecan

ereads—everythingfrom

ssopassionatelythathisparents

havetoinstitutea“noreadingpolicy”atthedinnertable.

ThatboywasBillGates,andhehasn’tstoppedreadingyet—notevenafter

ys,hisreading

materialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooks:recently,herevealed

hoosnonfictiontitles

becautheyexplainhowtheworldworks.“Eachbookopensupnewavenuesof

knowledgetoexplore”,Gatessays.

【真题译文】：

一个五年级的学生收到一份家庭作业：即从一系列职业中选择自己未来的职业道路。

他勾划了“宇航员”，但很快由将“科学家”添加到列表中，并也将其选中。这个男孩相信，

如果他读得足够多，他就可以探索尽可能多的他喜欢的职业道路。所以他读书广泛——从百

科全书到科幻小说。他读得如此投入，以至于他的父母不得不制定一个：在餐桌上的“不读

书政策”。

那个男孩就是比尔盖茨，他没有停止阅读，甚至在他成为这个星球上最成功的人士之

一后，仍旧没有停下来。现在，他的阅读材料已经不再是科幻小说和工具书了：最近据他所

说，他一年内至少读了50本非科幻小说。比尔盖茨选择非科幻小说类书籍，是因为这类书

籍解释了世界是如何运作的。“每本书都开辟了新的知识探索渠道。”盖茨说。

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.

Directions:

SuppoyouhavetocancelyourtravelplanandwillnotbeabletovisitProfessor

imanemailto

1)Apologizeandexplainthesituation,and

2)Suggestafuturemeeting

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANWSERSHEET.

Donotsignyouownnameattheendoftheletter,u“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

Dear,

IamsorrytotellyouthatIhavetocancelmytravelplant

oyourcityforsomereasons,thusIamafraidthatIcouldn'tvisit

youaccordingtothedueIamwritingforthepurpoofextend

ingmysincereapologytoyou.

Actually,Imissyouverymuch,

butIreceivedanoticesuddenlythatIhavetoattendanexamif

Iwouldlovetoapplyforan

opportunityforfurtherstudyIhaven'tpreparedforitverywell

HenceIhavetospendmoretimeandenergyonit.

Pleaacceptmyheartfeltapologyagain!Iamreallysorryfor

honorabletoaskifIcouldm

akeananotherappointmentwithamlookingforwardtoyourrespon

s!

Yoursfaithfully,

LiMing

PartB

ions:

writing,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

英语二大作文参考范文

Thepiechartaboveevidentlyillustratesvarioustargetelementsintermsof

consumers’ecific.

distinguishingfeaturetookalion’sshare,accountingforapproximately%.While

rviceandsurroundingsmadeuparound%and%r,theleast

proportionswerepriceandotherfactors,occupyingroughly8%and%.

WhattriggersthisphenomenonMaybeatleasttworeasonscanbeidentifiedto

mostimportantisthatalongwiththedevelopment

ofeconomy,people’slivingstandardshavebeenimprovedremarkably,asa

conquenceofwhich,anincreasingamountofindividualsfocusonsuperiorrvice

andfavorablesurroundingswhentheychoorestaurantsratherthanprice.

Simultaneously,thereisanotheresntialfactorthatafterresolvingtheissue

offoodandclothing,quiteafewconsumers’foodconceptionhastransfromed

dramatically,totheextentthattheyincreasinglypursuespiritualconsumption,

whichshouldbealsotakenintoaccount.

Badonwhathasbeendiscusdabove:aconclusioncanbedrawnsafelythat

s

predictablethatthorestuarantswithfavorablervice:distinctivefeaturesand

exr,

itisadvisableforthepublictoconsumerationally,avoidingextravaganceand

waste.