nuclear waste

全新版⼤学英语综合教程学⽣⽤书第五册第⼆单元语法要

点与⼝语练习

SpeakingTasks:

reporterwilldesignandaskquestionsbadonthetextfromparagraphs13-20abouthowanimal-badagriculture

kesmanwillanswerthequestions.

eyouweretheauthor,whoisnowattendinganasmblyforprotestingagainsttheviolationofanimalrights.

Deliveraspeechbadonthetextfromparagraphs21-29andmakeanappealtothepublictoprotectanimalsbygoing

veggie.

Unit2Diet

Prerve

ininsafetyfrominjury,peril,orharm;protect

prervetheforest

Theareperfectlyprervedmedievalhous.

orwaterwhereanimalsareprotectedfromhunters

Pantanalisoneoftheworld’sgreatwildlifeprerves.

prerve:1)maintaininsafetyfrominjury,peril,orharm;protect.

保护：使免于损害，危险或伤害⽽处于安全中；保护

2)keepinperfectorunalteredcondition;maintainunchanged.

prerveforests保护森林

prerveorder维护秩序

prerveeggsinsalt腌蛋

Youlookwellprerved.你看起来保养得很好。

Icehelpstoprervefood.冰有助于保存⾷物。

Fishingisstrictlyprerved.严禁捕鱼。

n.保护;防护;维护

保管,保存,保藏,防...腐烂

蜜饯(⽔果);腌制(蔬菜等);把...制成罐头

使(某⼈名字)流传;把(某⼈)铭记在⼼;使(诗歌等)留存

禁猎,把...圈为禁猎地

gameprerve禁猎区

ve:ucarefullyorsparingly,avoidingwaste:

keptthethermostatlowertoconrveenergy.

减少⾃动调温机的使⽤以节约能源

conrveone’sstrength保存⼒量

ve:protectfromlossorharm;prerve:

保存;保护从⽽使其不受损失或伤害；

callstoconrveournationalheritageinthefaceofbewilderingchange.

呼吁⼤家在⾯临令⼈⼿⾜⽆措的改变时，要保护我们的民族遗产

n.［常⽤复］糖⾷,蜜饯;【医】糖剂;防腐剂

Protect:1)keepfrombeingdamaged,attacked,stolen,orinjured;guard

保护：使免于受到损坏，攻击，偷盗或伤害；

2)help(domesticindustry)withtariffsorquotasonimportedgoods.贸易保护：通过关税和进⼝货物配额帮助（国内⼯业）

3)assurepaymentof(draftsornotes,forexample)byttingasidefunds.备款以⽀付：

设置资⾦以保证⽀付（⽐如汇票或票据）

protecthomeindustries保护国内⼯业

nger保护某⼈免遭危险

Alineoffortswasbuiltalongthebordertoprotectthecountryagainstattack.在边界沿线构筑了堡垒,以防国家受到攻击。

protectfrom[against]

防⽌...遭受...;使...免于,保护...使不受

referto:1)mentionorspeakof(sb./sth.)

WhatheisreferringtoishistriptoCanada.

Inhisspeech,hereferredtoarecenttriptoCanada.

2)directtoasourceforhelporinformation

referredhertoaheartspecialist

referredmetohislastemployerforarecommendation.

referaquestiontoanexpert

Thevisitorsarereferredtotheinformationdesk.

uteto;regardasoriginatedby

Hereferredhissuccesstothegoodteachinghehadhad.

TheinventionofthecompassisreferredtoChina.

dramatic:ng,surprisingandimpressive

takenbythegovernmentwillhavedramaticeffectsontheeconomy.

esdmanydramaticacrobaticperformances.

unparalleled:t,hasnoequal

machievedanunparalleledsuccesslastweek.

ntryisfacingacrisisunparalleledsinceWorldWarII.

chronic:gforalongtime;continuallyrecurring

nmentalillnesscanbemildorvereandcanrangefromtransienttochronic,dependingonthedosoftoxin

received.

sachronicshortageofteachersinourdepartment.

Boost

orraithestrengthorvalue

Weneedabigwintoboostourconfidence.

ThismoveisdesignedtoboostsalesduringChristmas.

,helporencouragement

Itdidgivemeaboosttowinsuchabigevent.

boost,lift,enhance&heighten

指从“较低的位置移向较⾼的位置,并可引申为抽象事物的提升或程度的增强”。

Boost:指通过推⼒的帮助来攀登或前进。

Lift:常指付出努⼒，以克服重⼒的阻碍。

Enhance:暗指⽐正常状态的提升，且多指价值、品质、声望等的提⾼。

Heighten:指在普通或习惯的基础上得到升⾼。

edhimoverthewall.

’tliftthedeskalone.

iedtoenhancetheirreputationabroad.

oomuchlandheightenstopsoilloss.

___hishandsabovehishead.

asualobrvercouldhardlyhavefailedtonoticethe___ofanalreadytenatmosphere.

thegovernmenttotakeactionto___theeconomy.

euofmake-uponlyemedto___herclassicallybeautifulfeatures.

lifted;heightening;boost;enhance

drawback:antageorproblem

hedrawbacksofsharinganapartmentishavingtoshareabathroom.

ydrawbackoftheplanisitscost.

devoid:;lacking

devoidof:without(sth.);completelylackingin(sth.)

velisdevoidofwitandinventiveness.

everenafacethatissodevoidoffeeling

saturate:fillincompletelytocapacity

ollectionwassaturatedwithsunshine.

wassaturatedwiththeperfumeoftheflowers.

Trace

allamount;mark,sign,gwhathaxistedorhappened

emincoldwatertoremovealltracesofsand.

aksEnglishwithouttheslightesttraceofanaccent.

dordeveloped

ibitiontracesthehistoryofgraphicdesigninAmericafromthe19thcenturytotheprent.

tracingthecauofthedia.

notoriety:otorious;illfame

evednotorietyaschiefcounltoPresidentintheWatergateevent.

notorious:llknownunfavorably;infamous

eaisnotoriousfordrugs,crimeandviolence.

mpanyisnotoriouslyinefficient.

infect:(harmfulbacteria,etc.)enterthebodyofapersonorananimalandcaudia

emosquitocaninfectalargenumberofpeople.

wasinprison,hewasinfectedwithallsortsofbadideas.

eheadorbodyasasignofrespect

Heboweddownbeforetheking.

:submitto(sth.);acceptorobey(sth.)

Someshopsarebowingtoconsumerpressureandbegintoreduceprices.

Andthepeoplebowedandprayedtotheneongodtheymade.

ithtwoloopsandtwolooendsthatisudintyingshoelacesandribbonsPleaaddaribbontiedinabow.

nforshootingarrows

Someraiderswerearmedwithbowsandarrows.

Retrieve

1)get(sth.)back

Theywantedtoretrievetheweaponsleftwhentheyabandonedtheisland.

Wetaughtthedogtoretrieveaball.

2)rescueorsave

Hewasretrievedfromdegeneration.

retrievealostpieceofluggage

找回⼀件遗失的⾏李

retrieveone'sspirits恢复精神

retrieveone'scharacter/honor恢复名誉

retrieveanerror/aloss补救错误/损失

recommend

1)praiorcommendtoanotheroneasworthyanddesirable

omotion

Recommendthehoteltosb.

2)suggest

Thejudgerecommendedthatherve20yearsinprison.

Therecommendeddailydois12to24grams.

recommendation

compelling

adj.1)convincing

sonsarecompelling.

nclusionisthemostcompellingexplanationtothemysteryofhisdeath.

2)attractiveoreye-catching

Itisafrighteninglyviolentyetcompellingfilm.

3)urgentlyrequiringattention

Therestillexistmanycompellingsocioeconomicproblems.

question强调需要讨论或回答的问题

TheyaskedagreatmanyquestionsaboutEngland.

problem强调有待解决的问题

Themainproblemisunemployment.

issue强调争论的观点

Sharpconflictshavebeenarisingaboutthisissue.

slaughter:imalsforfood

-fourpeoplewereslaughteredwhilequeuinguptocasttheirvotes.

chickenfeedmeansthatchickenfarmshavetoslaughtertheirstock.

massacre,slaughter&butchery

n.都可以指“⼤量、肆意地杀害⼈类”。

massacre指不分男⼥⽼少的⼤量屠杀，特别指对那些⽆⼒保护⾃⼰的⼈。

Marialosther62-year-oldmotherinthemassacre.

slaughter指像战争或屠杀那样⼤范围的残酷杀害

Duringthewartheslaughterofcivilianswascommonplace.

butchery除含slaughter的意思外，还有极其残忍、完全不顾被害者痛苦的意思。

Inherview,warissimplyalegalizedformofbutchery.

h1770,thereoccurredwhatbecameknownastheBoston___.massacre

___ry

an30,000sheepareexportedtothecountryfor___terdevote,dedicate&concrate

v.都含“贡献、献⾝”的意思，为了特定的⽬标⽽弃其他于不顾。

devote指决⼼将全部⾝⼼、活动、精⼒等献出。

HedevotedallhislifetothecauofCommunism.

dedicate正式⽤语,指庄严地、全⼼全意地献⾝于⼀个神圣的或严肃的⽤途或⽬的。

Hededicatedhislifetotherviceofhiscountry.

concrate强调使变得神圣或圣化。

Thechurchwasconcratedin1234.

这座教堂于1234年被正式圣化。

ed(challenged)PopeJohnPaulIIby___fourbishopswithouthisapproval.

dlygaveupherpart-timejobto___herlfentirelytoherart.

ite___tohisstudents.

___herfirstalbumtoErnest.

5.I’ll___myfullattentiontoChineteamintheOlympicGames.

1/concrate2/5devote?dedicated

fuel:makeitmoreinten

ionwasfueledbymilitaryspending.

nomicboomwasfueledbyeasycredit.

Convert

v.1)change(something)fromoneform,u,function,orpurpotoanother

tedtheforestintofarmland

2)persuadeorinducetoadoptaparticularreligion,faithorbelief

waystrytheirbesttoconvertpagans(异教徒)toChristianity.

rytoconverthim,youcouldfindhejustwalksawayatonce.

getout:produceorpublish

idthey’dtrytogetthenewdictionaryoutbytheendoftheyear.

otoutthatnovel.

contaminate:e(sth.)bydirt,chemicals,orradiationsothatitbecomesimpureorharmful

thecoasthasbeencontaminatedbynuclearwaste.

an100,000peoplecouldfallillafterdrinkingcontaminatedwater.

CF:contaminate,taint&pollute动词，都指“使某物不纯或不洁净”。

contaminate暗指有污物进⼊，或与污物接触。

Manyfactoriesareheavilycontaminatedwithtoxicwastes.

taint强调因为污染⽽不再纯净或清洁，或指与外来的脏物或污秽相接。

Badbookswilltainttheyoungmind.

pollute有时可与contaminate互换，暗指污染的过程结束了，曾经纯净或⼲净的东西已经变得肮脏、有毒或污秽。

Heavyindustrypollutesourriverswithnoxious(有害的)chemicals.

tmilitaryunittriedto___thedrinkingwaterofrefugees.

tionleaderssaidthattheelectionshadbeen___bycorruption.

tegas___theatmosphereoftownsandcities.

sofpoliticalscandalhas___thereputationoftheparliament.

1contaminate2/4taint3pollute

lay/bring/presschargesagainst:

icelaidachargeoftheftagainsthim.

ven’tlaidchargesagainsthimbecauthereisnotenoughevidence.

bring/presschargesagainstsb.

potent:fectiveandpowerful

averypotentdrugandcanhaveunpleasantsideeffects.

linWallwasapotentsymboloftheColdWar.

lookon:watch(sth.)withoutbecominginvolvedinitonelf

kedonproudlyashersonwasgivenhismedal.

werefightingwhilepeoplelookedon.

hoist:(sth.)toahigherposition,usuallyusingropes

medifficultyhehoistedMaryontohisshoulders.

opterhoistedthefinalctionofthebridgeintoplace.

comecondto:belessimportantthan

agersaidthatmakingprofitscamecondtotheemployees’health.

erestsofthecountrycomecondtonone.

enroute:onoralongtheway

Weareenroutetothemuum.

Therestaurantwanroute.