新编大学英语第二版

Unit3MoreThanWords

UfulInformation

Humansarenottheonlylivingthingsthatcancommunicateinformationtooneanother.

Tees,for

example,performakindofdancethataccuratelytransmitsinformationaboutthedirection,

distance,dwolvemployscentstocommunicate,inaddition

tobarks,howls,souasystemofvisualsignalsthatincludesnotonlyfacial

expressionsandbodymovementsbutalsopositionsofthetail.

umans,the

mdependingprimarilyon

vocalizations,aswemightexpect,thenonhumanprimatesemtorelyheavilyoncombinations

ofgestures,istruewithhumans,the

nonhumanprimatesareabletolendmanyshadesofmeaningtotheirbody-languagevocabulary.

However,eringsomethinggoodto

eat,forexample,amonkeyorapewillletoutacryofpleasurethatbringstherestofthetroops

running;or,nsingdanger,

womplexand

,forallitscomplexityitfallsshortofhumanlanguage.

Thegiftoflanguageprovidesamagnificentlyefficientandversatilesystemofcommunication.

Itscodedriesofsoundsconveysthoughtatleasttentimesfasterthananyothermethodof

signalingcan—fasterthanhandsigns,movingpictures,orevenotherkindsofvocalization.

Languageisman’spassporttoatotallynewlevelofsocialorganization,thetoolthatenableshim

tovaryhisbehaviortomeetchangingconditionsinsteadofbeinglimitedbythelessflexible

hlanguage,mancanstepoutsidehimlfandgive

thingsnames,portantofall,

languagegivesmanthecapacitytosharehisthoughtsandtopassalonglearnedbehaviorto

succeedinggenerations.

Sinceweareallhumans,wemightthinkthatwewouldallhavethesamecommunicationstyles.

mes,differentpersonalitiesanddifferentculturescanmakeitemasifwe

comefromcountrieswithdifferenttrafficsignalsystems—interpretingthelightshoweverwee

fit.

Someofuschargeforward,alwayssayingexactlywhatwethinkineverysituation,assuming

ofusalwaysworryabouthowwhatwe

saycausotherstoreacttowardsusandassumethatthelightisredunlesssomeonetellsusit’s

’tsaywhatwethinkuntilgiventhe“go-ahead.〞Stillothersofuseyellowat

everycommunicationinterction,proceedingwithcaution,attunedtosignsthatothershave

w-lightpersonismore

likelytoavoidmiscommunicationproblems,whereasagreen-lightpersoncanquicklycauhard

rmore,ared-lightpersonmayendupbeingavery

poorcommunicatorbecauhehesitatestoeverexpresshistruefeelingsandappearstobea

yemtobeasimplisticanalogy,butitcanbeaninterestingexerci

tothinkaboutwhichcolorofthe“light〞youtendtoewhenyouarecommunicatingwith

others.

Communication,bothverbalandnon-verbal,isafascinatingsubject,andascommunicatorswe

stenerstendtobepopular,

well-likedpeoplebecautheyappearinterestedinthowithwhomtheyarecommunicating.

Theyalsotendtomakefewermistakes,,inlearninganewlanguage,it

isntialtobothspeakandlistenaccurately,justasistruewithone’sownnativelanguage.

PartOnePreparation

YouSpeaking?

STEPONE

1)–Heixpressinghisfeelings/opinion/comment.

–Hemightlovethiswoman,sohewantedtogivethewomansomehints,wishingthathe

andthewomancoulddeveloparelationshipasintimateasthetwointhepicture.

2)Sheiscriticizingthechildren’sbehaviorandhopesthattheywouldnotdothisagain.

3)Sheiscuriousandisaskingabouttheman’sideas.

4)–Heismakingasuggestion.

–Heaskstheboynottodisturbhim.

STEPTWO

---togreetpeople,“Gladtomeetyou.〞

---toaskfordirections,“Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystationis?〞

---tomakeaninvitation,“I’dlikeforyoutocomeandhaveteawithusonFriday.〞

---tomakearequest,“CouldIaskyoutowritehimaletter?〞

---tomakeaninquiry,“Doyouknowtheassignmentfortoday’sEnglishclass?〞

---toapologize,“Forgivemeforbeinglate.〞

---toaskforpermission,“MayIuyourdictionary?

---toexpressthanks,“Ireallydon’tknowhowIcanthankyouenough.〞

Guess

Possibleverbphrastobewrittenonthecards:

Fryinganegg,drivingacar,playinggolf,playingthepiano,tyingashoelace,takinga

shower,catchingamosquito,stealingawallet,etc.

Note:Theteachercantatimelimitforboththeactingandguessingtomakeitmore

,studentsshouldbeencouragedtocomeupwiththeirownphras.

RelatedtoPartsoftheBody

1)G2)A3)H4)C5)B6)E7)F8)D

4.1)E2)A3)F4)B5)D6)C

ExtraActivity:

,BodyandEmotions

Directions:binationof

hooan

appropriateverbfromColumnI)forthenounsinColumnII),thenfromColumnIII)

chooapossibleemotionorattitudesothattherelevantactionmaybeexpresd.

Key:

licklipsanticipation

wrinklenodislike,distaste

raieyebrowsinquiry,surpri

clenchfistanger,aggression

shrugshouldersdoubt,indifference

stickouttonguedisrespect

PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities

In-ClassReading

-Reading

Picture1:Itmeans“Iagree〞oritistoshowthatyouarepayingattention.

Picture2:Itmeansyou’resaying“No!〞oritistoshowthatyouaredisappointed.

Picture3&4:Bothgesturesmean“Comehere!〞

eReading

BackgroundInformation

NorthAmerica(l.10):thethirdlargestcontinentintheworld,consistingofCanadaand

theUnitedStatesofAmerica,aswellasMexico,CentralAmerica,Greenlandandother

I)ActionII)PartofbodyIII)Possibleemotionorattitudeexpresd

lickfistdoubt,indifference

wrinkleeyebrowsdisrespect

raishouldersanger,aggression

clenchtonguedislike,distaste

shruglipsinquiry,surpri

stickoutnoanticipation

smallerislands

TheMiddleEast(l.11):thecountriesofsouthwestAsia,andNorthAfrica,aroundthe

easternsideoftheMediterraneanSea,fromLibyatoIranandincludingEgypt,Israel,Jordan,

Lebanon,Syria,andthecountriesoftheArabianPeninsula.

Spanish-speakingcountries(l.18):suchasSpain,andmostofCentralandsouthAmerica

countries

Asia(l.23):theworld’slargestcontinent,whichincludesthecountriesoftheMiddleEastand

thecountriesbetweentheUralMountainsandthePacificOcean,suchasIndia,China,

Japan,andpartofRussia.

LatinAmerica(l.30):thecountriesofSouthAmerica,CentralAmericaandMexico,where

SpanishorPortugueisspoken.

Words,PhrasandGrammaticalPoints

an(l.1)more…than(l.5)

“More〞,asthequantifiercomparativeofmanyandmuch,isudtosaythataparticular

numberoramountislargerthananother.

e.g.I)Insomeplacesbottledwatercostsmorethanaglassofbeer.

II)Ihavedonemoreworkthismorningthanhe.

bal(l.3)

Theprefix“non-“means“not.〞

coholic(不含酒精的)drink

anonsmoker(不抽烟者)

anonstopflight(直飞航班)

anonmembercountry(非成员国)

Gandhi’spolicyofnon-violence甘地的非暴力政策

(l.5)

与means有关的常用词组有byallmeans,bynomeans等。

byallmeans

1)通常是“definitely〞,“absolutely〞,“ofcour〞的意思。

e.g.I)“WoulditbeallrightifIleftabitearly?〞“Yes,byallmeans.〞

II)“CanIuthephone?〞“Byallmeans.〞(当然可以.)

2)有时解释为“usingeverythingandeveryoneavailabletogetsomethingdone〞。

e.g.I)Citizensofthetownputoutthefirebyallmeansavailable.

II)Hewasdeterminedtobecomeleaderbyallmeans.

bynomeans或notbyanymeans的意思是“notatall〞。

e.g.I)She’sbynomeanssureofgettingthejob.

II)She’snotabadkid,byanymeans.

III)Itisbynomeanscertainthatthegamewilltakeplace.

bymeansof…的意思是“usingaparticularmethodorsystem〞。

e.g.I)Theblocksareraidbymeansofpulleys(滑轮).

II)Shetriedtoexplainbymeansofsignlanguage.

(l.20)

Moreusageandexamplesof“expect〞:

1)thinkorbelieve

e.g.I)Iexpectyouareright.

II)“Doyouthinktheyaregoingtoattack?〞“Iexpectso.〞

2)thinkorbelievethatsomeoneorsomethingislikelytocomeorhappen

e.g.I)Iexpect(that)shewillpasstheexam.

II)There’sthedoorbell–Iexpectit’llbemymother.

III)Weweren’texpectingsomanypeopletocometotheparty.

3)haveorexpressastrongwishforsomethingorthatsomeonewilldosomething

e.g.I)Attheprices,Iexpectbetterrvice.

II)Youcan’texpectchildrentobequietallthetime.

III)Thegeneralexpectscompleteobediencefromhismen.

(l.28)

“Rarely〞means“notoften.〞Otherwordsorexpressionsmeaning“rarely〞arenotoften,

ldom,hardly/scarcelyever.

e.g.I)Sometimes,butnotveryoften,Pippapersuadedherfathertolendherhiscar.

II)Discipline(纪律)israrelyaprobleminthisschool.

III)Althoughhisspeedofthoughtoutstrippedmostpeople,herarelyshowedimpatience.

IV)SeldomhaveIensuchawonderfulrecoveryinoneofmypatients.

V)Mygrandmotherhardlyevergoesoutofthehou.

(l.29)

1)prefersomething

e.g.I)Sheprefershercoffeeblack.

II)Thistypeofowlprefersaderthabitat.

2)prefer…to…

e.g.I)Iprefersingingtoacting.

II)Heprefersredwinetowhite.

3)prefer(…)todosomething

e.g.I)HechoSpain,butpersonallyI’dprefertogotoGreece.

II)“Letmewashthedishes—orwouldyouprefermetodrythem?〞

4)preferthat…

e.g.1)Wouldyoupreferthatwereschedulethemeetingfornextweek?

II)Wepreferthatourteachershaveadegreeinearlychildhoodeducation.

课内阅读

参考译文

不用话语的交流

1当你学一门外语的时候，你一定要学词汇和语法，而且还不仅仅这些。要想成功地进行

交谈，你还必须学习该种文化的非言语语言，或者说“身势语〞。身势语是一个术语，是我

们用来描述那些可以传递信息的脸部表情、手势以及其他身体动作的术语。这种交流方法非

常重要，以至于我们实际上可以用动作比话语表达更多的信息。

2有时候我们发现说一门外语很困难，因为我们可能不了解另一种文化的非言语信号，或

者说那些信号在我们自己文化中的含义可能迥然不同的缘故。例如，在世界上不同的地方，

上下点头的动作就传递不同的信息。在北美，该动作表示“我同意〞。在中东地区，向下点

头表示“我同意〞，而向上抬头表示“我不同意〞。日本人谈话的时候这个动作通常只是表

示“我正在听呢〞。一位在美国的日本学生好不容易才了解了其中的差异。在和一位推销员

说话的时候，这位学生礼貌性地点头，表示他在注意听着。结果第二天那位推销员就将一台

崭新的洗衣机送到了他的公寓。

3目光接触也含义很多，但是，在不同的国家，它也表达不同的意思。在一些讲西班牙语

的国家，孩子们在与年长者谈话时，不直视对方的眼睛，以表示尊重。而在其他国家，别人

那么期待你看着他的眼睛。例如，如果你在美国不这么做的话，人们会以为你害怕、为难或

者是生气了。

4世界上很多地方都用两种根本的手势来招呼别人朝自己走过来。在亚洲，人们把手指朝

下微曲起来，做摆手的动作，而有些北美人用该动作向孩子们道别。北美人用差不多的手势

招呼别人走过来，但是他们的手指是向上弯曲。因此，去国外访问的人必须了解这种差异，

否那么也许会表达错误的信息。

5我们在谈话时与对方保持的距离同样也是交流过程中的一个重要方面，但我们很少想

到这一点。通常，北美人比拉丁美洲人和中东人喜欢彼此间距离大一点。在一个国际会议上

可能会出现这样的情景：谈话时两个外交官慢慢地从房间的这一头移到那一头，其中一个想

竭力拉大彼此间的距离，而另一个那么想竭力缩短这一距离。通常，喜欢距离大的那个人退

到背靠墙，无路可退为止，他的奋斗只好以失败告终。

6尽管我们花了许多年时间来学习一门外语，如果我们不了解那个文化的非言语语言和正

确举止的话，就会产生误解。如果我们不知道应该握手还是鞠躬，什么时候坐着，什么时候

站着，在不熟悉的场合应该有什么样的举止，那么我们就没有真正具备用外语交流的能力。

或许在传统的读，写，说，听四项交流技能之外还应该加上第五项技能：文化意识。

-Reading

ReadingComprehension

tandingtheOrganizationoftheText

1)Introduction(Para.1)

Bodylanguage/nonverballanguageisalsoanimportantmeansofcommunication.

2)Communicatinginaforeignlanguagecanbedifficultifwedon’tunderstandthenonverbal

signalsofthatculture.(Para.2~5)

Forexample,

A)thegestureofnoddingthehead(upanddown),(Para.2)

B)eyecontact,(Para.3)

C)thesignofwavingthehand/awaveofthehand,(Para.4)

D)personalconversationdistance.(Para.5)

3)Conclusion(Para.6)

Tocommunicatesuccessfullyinaforeignlanguage,weneedtomasterafifthskill,cultural

awareness.

tandingSpecificInformation

1)Theymaymeandifferentthingsindifferentcultures.

2)Facialexpression,gestures,andothermovementsofthebodythatndmessages.

3)Noddingtheheadupanddown.

4)Becauhethoughtthestudentwaxpressing“Iagreetobuythemachine〞bynodding

hishead.

5)Peopleareexpectedtolookintotheotherperson’yesduringaconversation.

6)Hemaycomeclorinsteadofgoingaway.

7)Becautheycomefromdifferentcountriesandpreferdifferentconversationdistances.

8)It’stheawarenessofdifferencesbetweendifferentcultures./It’stheawarenessofproper

behaviorindifferentcultures.

iscussion

1)---Shakinghandsisthecustomaryformofgreetingallovertheworld.

---Huggingandkissingwhengreetingarecommoninmostwesterncountries.

---Displayingtheindexandmiddlefingersintheshapeofa“V〞means“victory〞or

“peace〞.

---The“O.K.〞gestureisudtomean“O.K.〞,“zero〞,or“worthless〞.

---Thethumbs-upgestureisudtosay“Goodjob!〞,“O.K.〞or“Great!〞

---Apersonmaypointtohisnoorchesttoindicatehimlf.

---Apersonmaypathisheadtoshowthatheisthinkinghard.

---Apersonmayshakehishandtosay“No!〞

2)---eatingwithyourlefthandinIndia;

---touchingone’sheadinIndia;

---the“O.K.〞signinGermanyandBrazil;

---huggingorkissingastrangeroracquaintanceincountrieslikeChina;

---thethumbs-upgestureinAustralia;

---restingthefeetontablesorchairsinFrance;

---conversingwithhandsinpocketsinFrance;

---touchingorpointingatsomeonewithyourfeet;

---crossingthefirstandcondfingershastwomeanings:a)wishingforgoodluckto

happen,b)I’mnottellingthetruth(oftendonewiththehandbehindthebacktohide

crosdfingersfromview).

Vocabulary

1.1)A

A)thewayoflifeofaparticularnationorgroupofpeople

B)music,art,theatre,literature,etc.

2)B

A)oneoftwoorthreeperiodsthattheschooloruniversityyearisdividedinto学期

B)awordorexpressionthathasaparticularmeaning,especiallyinatechnicalorscientific

subject术语

3)B

A)themoneyorincomethatonehas

B)awayormethodofdoingorachievingsomething

4)A

A)agesture,soundoractionwhichisintendedtogiveaparticularmessage

B)ariesofradiowaves,lightwaves,orchangesinelectricalcurrentthatmaycarry

information

5)B

A)ashortwrittenorspokennote

B)themostimportantideainabook,film,speech,etc.

6)A

A)only

B)inawaythatiasytounderstand

7)B

A)communicationwithaperson,organization,country,etc.

B)(eyecontact)twopeople’slookingateachother’yesatthesametime目光接触

8)B

A)alongraidmassofwatermovingacrossthesurfaceofthea波浪

B)asignofgreetingmadebyraisingandmovingthehand(手等的)挥动

9)A

A)theamountofarea,room,emptyoravailabletobeud空地,场地

B)theareabeyondearthwhereplanets,stars,moons,etc.,exist空间,太空

10)B

A)unabletofind遗失

B)bedefeated,notwin输掉，失败

2.1)gesture2)signal3)misunderstanding4)behaved5)curls6)meaningful7)rarely

8)means9)unfamiliar10)decread11)bowed12)communication13)facial

14)awareness15)occur

Translation

1)Youwon’tgetthejobunlessyou’vegottheexperience.

2)MostofmytimeisspentstudyingthedifferencesbetweenChineandAmericancultures.

3)Thestatement/ntenceissoclearthatitcan’tcauanymisunderstanding.

4)Hewisheshecouldgivehermorehelpthanhedoes.

5)Putonyourcoatoryou’llcatchcold.

6)ShehasaddedaPicassotohercollection.

7)Iamnotawareofeverhavingbeenherebefore.

8)Youwillsoonfindyourlfwithoutanyfriendsatallifyoukeeponbeingsorudeto

everybody.

After-ClassReading

PASSAGEI

课外阅读

参考译文

学会如何聆听

1在日常生活中不良的听话习惯会给你造成很大的损害。不管是在工作中还是在社会生活

中，你的成功在很大程度上与你如何听人说话有关。许多大企业和二十多所重点大学都非常

关注我们的不良听话习惯。为了找出问题的所在，对付这类问题，他们开设了“听话培训班〞

以及各类课程。

2我给其中的一个培训班上课，我的教学经验告诉我，许多人看似在听，并没有听到要点。

因此，他们从别人的话中得出错误的结论。当我们考虑该对别人持什么态度，以及如何使工

作成功时，这是很严重的问题。

3那些在许多方面给我们造成损害的错误听话习惯到底是什么呢？在对培训班上的许多

学员进行深入研究时，我观察到一些很常见的不良听话习惯，下面列举几种。

4我们没有心思等待。我们思维的速度比大多数人说话的速度快四到十倍。因此当我们等

着听别人说话的时候，脑子往往会走神。有时侯，走神的时间挺长。

5自认为已经知道了。我们很自信以为自己知道别人要说些什么，以至于不去全神贯注地

听。

6我们是在看而不是在听。向你介绍别人时，有多少次是由于你在注意这个人的长相和动

作而没能记住他的名字？由于同样的原因，其他的信息也没有听进去，而这种情况比你有可

能会意识到的要多得多。

7我们是忙碌的听众。我们会一边听人讲话，一边注意力分散在报纸，电台或电视节目上。

外界的噪音也会分散我们一局部注意力。所以我们没有真正在“听〞也就缺乏为奇了。

8以上是一些常见的听话时会有的毛病。幸运的是，只要稍加努力都可以纠正。我提出三

种方法来帮助你成为更好的听众。

9学会集中注意力。这是听别人说话的一个重要局部。试着玩玩这种游戏：二加三减五加

四乘二减六等于几？类似的练习被用在听力训练课程中。

10减少分散注意的事物。当别人要和你说话时，决意把报纸放在一边，也不同时听电台或

电视节目。

11复述指令。练习复述指令或指示，要正确无误。如果做不到，你显然无法正确执行这些

指令。

12有良好的听话习惯并非易事。听见、理解、然后记住需要很多精力。要听得准确，同时

又要做其他事情是非常困难的。但良好的听话习惯会带来好结果的。

13如果你识别那些会给你造成损害的听话毛病并能改正之，就会有好事发生。倾听他人说

话会使你获得更亲密的友情、更加融洽的家庭关系。你还可能会得到更高的收入和更成功的

生活。

PASSAGEII

课外阅读

参考译文

如何同任何人、在任何时间、任何场合谈话

1能善于交谈是生活中的一大乐趣，还能随之带来生活的最大回报。有时候这并不是件

容易的事。但是，你练习得越多，就越容易说得好。如果你希望能够和任何人、在任何时间

和任何场合谈话，你需要牢记六个要素。

2首先，你无需让人引用你的话。大局部时间里，别人并不期待你说出隽语。他们也不

等着把你所说的话录下来。因此，你只要开口、讲话。但愿你的话有趣，可以吸引听众。

3第二，正确的态度——交谈的愿望——是成为一名能说会道者之根本。努力使自己满

腔热情地与人交谈。别人也会对你的热情做出积极的反响，而且你会发现自己确实也变得满

腔热情。另一方面，如果你在与他们的交谈中缺乏热情，别人也很容易发现，结果，对方就

会做出消极的反响。

4第三点要记住的是要轮流发言。仔细倾听会使你成为更好的发言者。随后提问提得好

也是出色交谈者的标记。倾听是每个人学习的一种方式。你听得越多，你为自己成为一名优

秀的交谈者的准备工作就做得越充分。

5第四个要点是应该努力开阔眼界。最优秀的交谈者能够谈论那些自己日常生活之外的

议题和经历。你可以通过旅游拓宽你的世界，但也可以足不出户就做到这一点。当然，你能

通过阅读掌握知识。但是，要记住的一个要点是，那些与你背景不同的人可以开阔你谈话的

内容和思考范围。

6第五点要记住的是，谈话不应过分严肃而且时间也不应过长。幽默感很有用，有时讲

个和自己有关的小笑话也会使谈话轻松起来。

7最后，与人交谈要真诚。你应该对你的交谈对象坦率、老实，正如你也会希望他们这

样对待你一样。你要乐意告诉他们你的背景以及个人喜恶。那是谈话中互相迁就的一个重要

方面，一个了解别人的和让别人了解自己的重要方面。对自己的情况要照实说，这样准没错。

8无论你和一个人交谈，还是和许多人交谈，规那么都是一样的。就是建立联系。只要显

示你的同情心、热情和倾听的愿望，你就必然会成为一名谈话大师。

PartThreeFurtherDevelopment

rReview

SectionA

1)Idon’tknowwhethertogotothemoviesorstayathomeandwatchTV.

2)I’mwonderingwhentoleave.

3)Plealetusknowwheretondyourmail.

4)Ihaven’tdecidedwhichcitytottlein.

5)I’mnotsurewhomtoaskforhelp.

6)Canyoutell/showmehowtogettotherailwaystationfromhere?

7)Weshoulddiscusswhattodowiththemoney.

SectionB

Sample1

1)Theearlierweleave,thesoonerwewillarrive.

2)Themoreexpensivethehotel,thebetterthervice.

3)ThemoreIgottoknowhim,themoreIlikedhim.

4)Thelongerhewaited,themoreimpatienthebecame.

Sample2

1)Theirgardenisthreetimesbiggerthanours.

2)Thishouisthreetimesmoreexpensivethanthatone.

3)Ahorcanrunahundredtimesfasterthananant.

4)Sheworksahundredtimesmoreefficientlythantheoldcretary.

Sample3

1)Don’ttellAnnwhatIsaidunlesssheasksyou.

2)Youcan’tgetajobunlessyou’vegotexperience.

3)ThemansaidhewouldhitmeunlessItoldhimwherethemoneywas.

4)Joecan’thearunlessyoushout.

laryReview

SectionA

1)expands

expand:becomelargerinsize,number,oramount,ortomakesomethingbecomelarger

broaden:a)increasomethingsuchasknowledge,experience,oryourrangeofactivities

b)makesomethingwiderorbecomewider

2)means

mean:articularmeaning

ornasty

rageamount,figure,orvalue平均数

means:sthatyouuasawayofachievingaresult

3)sign

sign:anactorgestureudtoconveyanidea,adesire,information,oracommand示意动

作

signal:anindicator,suchasagestureorcoloredlight,thatrvesasameansof

communication信号,暗号

4)genuine

true:notfal,badonfactsandnotimaginedorinvented

genuine:somethingreal,notfake

5)reward

prize:somethingthatisgiventosomeonewhoissuccessfulinagame,competition,race,

etc.

reward:somethingthatyoureceivebecauyouhavedonesomethinggoodorhelpful

6)fault

fault:blame,responsibility(foramistake)

mistake:somethingthathasbeendoneincorrectly,orstatementthatisincorrect

7)effort

effect:thewayinwhichanevent,action,orpersonchangessomeoneorsomething影响

effort:anattempttodosomething,especiallywhenthisinvolvesalotofhardworkor

determination努力

8)horizons

horizons:knowledgeandexperience视野

eyesight:theabilitytoe视力

9)habit

custom:awayofbehavingorabeliefwhichhasbeenestablishedforalongtime习俗

habit:somethingyoudooftenandregularly,oftenwithoutknowingthatyouaredoingit习惯

10)resolved

resolve:decidetodosomething下决心

reveal:makeinformationknown披露〔后面不可跟不定式〕

11)recognize

realize:understandsomething意识到

recognize:identifysomeoneorsomething识别出

SectionB

language,communicate,speech,nonverballanguage,bodylanguage,facialexpression,gesture,

bodymovement,message,say,word,speak,understand,conversation,reading,writing,

speaking,culturalawareness,payattention,eyecontact,tell,personalconversationdistance,

misunderstanding,shakehands,listenwithhalfanear,listener,concentrate,respond,follow-up

question,conversationalist,humor,awaveofthehand,behave,behavior,bow,curlthefingers

downward,hear,learn,lookdirectlyinaperson’yes,nodtheheadupanddown,wave

good-bye

oodListenerintheEnglishClass

STEPTWO

1)IshouldconcentratethroughouttheclassandasktheinstructortoexplainthingsIdon’t

understandeitherinclassorafterclass.

2)Ishouldasktheinstructortorepeatthequestionfirstbysaying,“Sorry,Ibegyourpardon!〞

andthendecidewhetherIcananswerthequestion.

3)IshouldnotdwellonwordsIdon’d,Ishouldskipthemandkeepgoingsothat

Iwon’tmissthemainidea.

4)It’dn’tbesohardonmylf.

5)dlistenformainideasandother

importantinformation.

6)IshouldlearntointerprettheinformationinEnglish.

7)IshouldlistenthroughoutalessontogetthemessagesothatIknowwhattosaynext.I

needn’ttakemylftooriously.

8)’tthinkI’lllofaceby

doingso.

9)dpayattentiontotheideaI

wanttoexpress,notonlythewords.

10)Toimprovemylisteningskills,I’mgoingtodomorelisteningpracticeoutofclass.I’ll

listentosomeEnglishsongs,newsinEnglish,andsomeEnglishprograms.

ams

STEPONE

1)---A:Howareyou?

B:Great!

---A:Wasthebabyborn?

B:Yes!

---A:Howiswork?

B:Everythingisgoingonsmoothly!

2)---A:ShallwemeetonMondaynight?

B:No,I’utTuesdaynight?

A:ButI’utThursdaynight?

B:Allright,I’llbefreethen!

3)---A:Whenisyourdaughter’sweddingtobeheld?

B:OnMay1st.

A:Whereisittobeheld?

B:AttheRitzHotel.

STEPTWO

Sample:PeteriscallingMonicatoaskherforadate.

P=PeterM=Monica

M:Hello?

P:Hello,Monica?ThisisPeter.

M:Hello,Peter.

P:WhatareyoudoingonMondaynight?There’sagreatshowattheRoyalTheater.

M:Mondaynight?Ohsorry,I’’sdueTuesday

utTuesdaynight?

P:Well,utThursdaynight?Why

don’twegooutfordinner,justyouandme,dgotothatlittle

restaurantyoulikesomuch.

M:,I’allwemeetthen?

P:I’llpickyouupat6:30attheschoolgate.

—TheWindowoftheSoul

STEPONE:1)d2)a3)e4)c5)b

STEPTWO:1)caughthiye2)haveeyesbiggerthanmystomach3)makingeyesat

4)turnablindeyeto5)takemyeyesoff

PartFourWritingandTranslation

ationPractice

1)First,youshouldbeawarethatfeelingnervousinanewenvironmentisquitenormal.

2)Ourthoughtsracealongveraltimesfasterthanmostpeoplespeak.

3)Inordertogetotherstopayattentiontoyou,youmustfirstlearnhowtobeagoodand

sympatheticlistener.

4)Oneoftheesntialpointsisthatyoushouldtrytobroadenyourhorizons.

5)Anofhumorishelpfulandyoucanlightenaconversationbysometimestellingajoke

aboutyourlf.

6)Onlywhenyouarereadytotalkandlistenattentivelywillyousucceedinmakingfriendswith

thepeoplearoundyou.

g

Sample

Tosolveyourproblem,,

youshouldbeawareofyourproblem,andtellyourlfthatit’sverynaturalforyoutofeelthat

wayinanewplaceandamongsomanypeopleyoudon’ushouldtrytomake

rtogetotherstopay

attentiontoyou,ld

concentratewhenwelistenanddonotmisstheimportantpointstheotherssay,becauour

lityto

moreyouworkatit,alsoua

enyouarereadytotalkandlisten

attentivelywillyousucceedinmakingaconnectionwiththeworldaroundyou.(172words)