2012高考全国卷

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

（英语全国卷2)

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分英语知识运用(满分50分)

第一节语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：haveA．gaveB．saveC．hatD．made

答案是C。

⒈theaterA．treasureB．wheatC．asonD．realize

⒉persuadeA．usualB．insistC．sugarD．treasure

⒊companyA．aloneB．carrotC．moneyD．knock

⒋oppositeA．rviceB．outsideC．pioneerD．police

⒌societyA．officialB．recentC．chocolate

D．difficult

第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwitogiveachild

___heorshewants.

A．howeverB．whateverC．whichever

D．whenever

答案是B。

⒍–Whatshallwedotonightthen?

–___–whateveryouwant.

A．HelpyourlfB．It'sadealC．NoproblemD．It's

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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uptoyou

⒎Hemisd___goldinthehighjump,butwillget

___condchanceinthelongjump.

A．the;theB．不填;aC．the;aD．a;不填

⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,

Iendedupworkingverylate.

A．thatB．whichC．whatD．when

⒐Sarahmade___totheairportjustintimeto

catchherplanethismorning.

A．herlfB．thisC．thatD．it

⒑Tonylentmethemoney,___thatI'ddoasmuch

forhim.

A．hopingB．tohopeC．hopedD．havinghoped

⒒Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephone

metogobackhomeatonce.

A．whenB．thanC．untilD．after

⒓We___topaintthewholehoubutfinishedonly

thefrontpartthatday.

A．taboutB．tupC．toutD．tdown

⒔Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics___.

A．betterB．bestC．thebetterD．verywell

⒕–DidyouaskSophiaforhelp?

–I___needto–Imanagedperfectlywellonmy

own.

A．wouldn'tB．don'tC．didn'tD．won't

⒖Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisionevery

evening,happy___anythingthathappenedtobeon.

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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A．towatchB．watchingC．watchedD．tohave

watched

⒗100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwill

boil.

A．forB．atC．onD．of

⒘I'mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwith

JohnifI___findthemoney.

A．canB．mightC．wouldD．need

⒙Themanager___theworkershowtoimprove

theprogramsince9a.m.

A．hastoldB．istellingC．hasbeentellingD．will

havetold

⒚TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;they

areingreat___inthiscity.

A．qualityB．progressC．productionD．demand

⒛–Trynottoworkyourlftoohard．Takeit

easy.

–Thanks．___

A．Sowhat?B．Noway.C．Whatfor?D．You,too

第三节完形填空(每小题1．5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空

白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AroundtwentyyearsagoIwaslivinginYork．21

IhadalotofexperienceandaMaster'sdegree,I

couldnotfind22work.

Iwas23aschoolbustomakeendsmeetand24

withafriendofmine,forIhadlostmyflat．Ihad25

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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fiveinterviews(面试)withacompanyandoneday

betweenbusrunstheycalledtosayIdidnot26the

job．“Whyhasmylifebecomeso27?”Ithought

painfully.

AsIpulledthebusoverto28alittlegirl,she

handedmeanearning29Ishouldkeepit30

somebodyclaimed(认领)it．Theearringwaspainted

blackandsaid“BEHAPPY”.

AtfirstIgotangry．Thenit31me–Ihadbeen

givingallofmy32towhatwasgoingwrongwith

my33ratherthanwhatwasright!Idecidedthen

andtheretomakea34offiftythingsIwashappy

with．Later,Idecidedto35morethingstothe

list．Thatnighttherewasaphonecallfor36froma

ladywhowasadirectoratalarger37．Sheasked

meifIwould38aone-daylectureonstress(压力)

managementto200medicalworkers．Isaidyes.

My39therewentverywell,andbeforelongIgot

awell-paidjob．TothisdayIknowthatitwas

becauIchangedmywayof40thatIcompletely

changedmylife.

21．A．AsB．ThoughC．IfD．When

22．A．successfulB．extraC．satisfying

D．convenient

23．A．drivingB．repairingC．takingD．designing

24．A．workingB．travellingC．discussingD．living

25．A．preparedforB．attendedC．askedforD．held

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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26．A．loB．likeC．findD．get

27．A．hardB．busyC．riousD．short

28．A．waveatB．dropoffC．callonD．lookfor

29．A．orderingB．promisingC．sayingD．showing

30．A．incaB．orelC．asifD．nowthat

31．A．hurtB．hitC．caughtD．moved

32．A．feelingsB．attentionC．strengthD．interests

33．A．opinionsB．educationC．experiencesD．life

34．A．listB．bookC．checkD．copy

35．A．connectB．turnC．keepD．add

36．A．herB．apasngerC．meD．myfriend

37．A．hospitalB．factoryC．restaurantD．hotel

38．A．listentoB．reviewC．giveD．talkabout

39．A．planB．choiceC．dayD．tour

40．A．operationB．speakingC．employment

D．thinking

第二部分阅读理解(满分45分)

第一节语篇阅读(每小题2分)

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(每小题2分)

(A)

Coldweathercanhardonpets,justlikeitcanbe

hardonpeople．Sometimesownersforgetthattheir

catsarejustasudtothewarmshelter(住所)asthey

are．Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutside

foralongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimals

areudtolivingoutdoors．Thiscanputtheirpetsin

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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dangerofriousillness．Therearethingsyoucan

dotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.

Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhen

theweatherisbad．Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stay

outsidewiththem．Whenyou'recoldenoughtogo

inside,theyprobablyaretoo．Iyoumustleavethem

outsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,

solidshelteragainstthewind,thickbedding,and

plentyofnon-frozenwater.

Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbevery

smartintheirarchforwarmshelter．Theycandig

intosnowbanksorhidesomewhere．Watchthem

clolywhentheyareleftoutdoors,andprovide

themwithshelterofgoodquality．Keepaneyeon

yourpet'swater．Sometimesownersdon'trealize

thatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan'tget

anythingtodrink．Animalsthatdon'thavecleanand

unfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside,

whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.

41．WhatdowelearnaboutpetsfromParagraph

1?

A．Theyareoftenforgottenbytheir

owners.B．Theyareudtolivingoutdoors.

C．Theybuildtheirwonshelter.D．Theyliketo

stayinwarmplaces.

42．Whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeir

petswhentheyareoutincoldweather?

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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A．Toknowwhentobringtheminside.B．Tokeep

themfromeatingbadfood.

C．Tohelpthemfindshelters.D．Tokeepthem

company.

43．Ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincold

weather,theymay___.

A．runshortofcleanwaterB．digdeepholesfor

funC．dirtythesnownearbyD．getlostinthewild

44．Whatisthepurpoofthistext?

A．Tosolveaproblem.B．Togivepracticaladvice.

C．Totellaninterestingstory.D．Toprenta

rearchresult.

(B)

Youmaythinkthatsailingisadifficultsport,

butitisreallynothardtolearnit．Youdonotneedto

bestrong．Butyouneedtobequick．Andyouneedto

understandafewbasicrulesaboutthewind.

First,youmustaskyourlf,“Whereisthe

windcomingfrom?Isitcomingfromaheador

behindorfromtheside?”Youmustthinkaboutthis

allthetimeontheboat．Thewinddirectiontellsyou

whattodowiththesail.

Let'sstartwiththewindblowingfromthe

behind．Thismeansthewindandtheboataregoing

inthesamedirection．Thenyoumustalwayskeep

thesailoutsidetheboat．Itshouldbeata90°angle(角

度)totheboat．Thenitwillcatchthewindbest.

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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Ifthewindisblowingfromtheside,itis

blowingacrosstheboat．Inthisca,youmustkeep

thesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat．Itshouldbeata

45°angletotheboat．Itneedstobeoutfarenoughto

catchthewind,butitshouldn'tflap(摆动)．Itshouldn't

looklikeonaflagpole．Ifitisflapping,itisprobably

outtoofar,andtheboatwillslowdown.

Sailingintothewindisnotpossible．Ifyoutry,

thesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop．Youmay

wanttogointhatdirection．Itispossible,butyou

can'tgoinastraightline．Youmustgofirstinone

directionandtheninanother．Thisiscalled

tacking．Whenyouaretacking,youmustalways

keepthesailinsidetheboat.

45．Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhile

sailing?

A．Sailors'strength.B．Wavelevels.C．Wind

directions.D．Sizeofsails.

46．Whatdoestheword“It”underlinedin

Paragraph4referto?

A．Theboat.B．Thewind.C．Thesail.D．The

angle.

47．Whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainst

thewind?

A．Moveinastraightline.B．Allowthesailto

flap.C．Lowerthesail.D．Tacktheboat.

48．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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A．Inapopularmagazine.B．Inatourist

guidebook.C．Inaphysicstextbook.D．Inanofficial

report.

(C)

Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatis

determinedbysituationsandrelationships．For

example,inAmericanculture(文化)thesmileisin

generalanexpressionofpleasure．Yetitalsohas

otherus．Awoman'ssmileatapoliceofficerdoes

notcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivesto

ayoungchild．Asmilemayshowloveor

politeness．Itcanalsohidetruefeelings．Itoften

causconfusion(困惑)acrosscultures．Forexample,

manypeopleinRussiasmilingatstrangersin

publictobeunusualandevenimproper．Yetmany

Americanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces

(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities)．Some

RussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthe

wrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethat

Russiansdon'tsmileenough．InSoutheastAsian

culture,asmileisfrequentlyudtocoverpainful

feelings．Vietnamepeoplemaytellasadstorybut

endthestorywithasmile.

Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshould

notattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureas

wewould“read”someonefromourown

culture．Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonot

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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expresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersof

anotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperience

emotions．Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesin

theamountoffacialexpressionspermitted．For

example,inpublicandinformalsituationsmany

Japanedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyas

Americansdo．Whenwithfriends,Japaneand

Americansemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.

ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericans

andfacialexpressivenessbecauofpersonaland

culturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates．People

fromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnited

Statesemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethan

others．Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewho

waysofshowingemotionaredifferent．Ifwejudge

accordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymake

themistakeof“reading”theotherperson

incorrectly.

49．Whatdoesthesmileusuallymeaninthe

U.S.?

A．Love.B．Politeness.C．Joy.D．Thankfulness.

50．Theauthormentionsthesmileofthe

Vietnametoprovethatsmilecan___.

A．showfriendlinesstostrangersB．beudto

hidetruefeelings

C．beudinthewrongplacesD．showpersonal

habits

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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51．Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto

“read”people?

A．Learnabouttheirrelationswith

others.B．Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.

C．Findoutabouttheirpast

experience.D．Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.

52．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetest?

A．CulturalDifferencesB．Smilesand

RelationshipC．FacialExpressivenessD．Habits

andEmotions

(D)

ADDISABABA,Ethiopia–Oneoftheworld's

mostfamousfossils(化石)–the3.2million-year-old

Lucyskeleton(骨骼)unearthedinEthiopiain1974–

willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirst

timeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday.

EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyenLucy

twice．TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopian

NationalMuuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isa

replicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedin

acretstoreroom．AteamfromtheMuumof

NationalScienceinHouston,Texas,spentfour

yearsdiscussingwiththeEthiopiansforthe

U.S．tour,whichwillstartinHoustonnext

September.

“Ethiopia'srichcultureofboththepastandtoday,

isoneofthebestkeptcretsintheworld,”saidJoel

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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Bartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuum.

Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,New

York,DenverandChicago．Officialssaidsixother

U.S．citiesmaybeonthetour．Buttheysaidplans

hadnotbeenworkedout.

TravellingwithLucywillbe190otherfossils.

Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthat

playedinacampthenightofherdiscovery,ispart

oftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea312-foot-tall

ape-man(猿人).

53．Theauthorwritesthistextmainlyto___.

A．introduceafewU.S．muumsB．describesome

rearchwork

C．discussthevalueofanape-manD．reporta

comingevent

54．Whatdoesthewords“areplica”inParagraph

2referto?

A．Apaintingoftheskeleton.B．Aphotographof

Lucy

C．Acopyoftheskeleton.D．Awrittenrecordof

Lucy.

55．HowmanycitieshasLucy'sU.S．tourplan

alreadyincluded?

A．Four.B．Five.C．Six.D．Eleven.

56．Whatwastheskeletonnamedafter?

A．Anape-man.B．Asong.C．Asinger.D．Acamp.

(E)

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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MakeUpYourMindtoSucceed

Kind-heartedparentshaveunknowinglyleft

theirchildrendefenlessagainstfailure．The

generationbornbetween1980and2001grewup

playingsportswherescoresandperformancewere

playeddownbecau“everyone'swinter.”Andtheir

reportcardssoundedmorepositive(正面的)thanever

before．Asaresult,StanfordUniversityprofessor

CarolDweck,PhD,callsthem“theoverpraid

generation.”

Dweckhasbeenstudyinghowpeopledealwith

failurefor40years．Herrearchhasledhertofind

outtwoclearlydifferentmind-tsthathaveagreat

effectonhowwereacttoit．Here'showtheywork:

Afixedmind-tisgroundedinthebeliefthat

talent(才能)isgenetic–you'reabornartist,point

guard,ornumbersperson．Thefixedmind-t

believesit'ssuretosucceedwithoutmucheffortand

regardsfailureaspersonalshame．Whenthingsget

difficult,it'squicktoblame,lie,andevenstayaway

fromfuturedifficulties.

Ontheotherhand,agrowthmind-tbelieves

thatnotalentintirelyheaven-ntandthateffort

andlearningmakeeverythingpossible．Becauthe

ego(自尊)isn'tonthelineasmuch,thegrowth

mind-tesfailureasachanceratherthan

shame．Whenfacedwithadifficulty,it'squickto

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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rethink,changeandtryagain．Infact,itenjoysthis

experience.

Weareallbornwithgrowth

mind-ts．(Otherwi,wewouldn'tbeabletolivein

theworld.)Butparents,teachers,andinstructors

oftenpushusintofixedmind-tsbyencouraging

certainactionsandmisdirectingprai．Dweck's

book,Mind-t:TheNewPsychologyofSuccess,

andonlineinstructionalprogramexplainthisin

depth．Butshesaystherearemanylittlethingsyou

canstartdoingtodaytomakesurethatyour

children,grandchildrenandevenyouarenever

defeatedbyfailure.

57．Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttheprent

generation?

A．Theydon'tdowellatschool.B．Theyareoften

misunderstood.

C．Theyareeagertowininsports.D．Theyare

giventoomuchprai.

58．Afixedmind-tpersonisprobablyonewho

___.

A．doesn'twanttoworkhardB．caresalotabout

personalsafety

C．cannotsharehisideaswithothersD．can

succeedwiththehelpofteachers

59．Whatdoesthegrowthmind-tbelieve?

A．Admittingfailureisshameful.B．Talentcomes

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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withone'sbirth.

C．Scoresshouldbehighlyvalued.D．Gettingover

difficultiesinjoyable.

60．Whatshouldparentsdofortheirchildren

badonDweck'sstudy?

A．Encouragethemtolearnfrom

failures.B．Preventthemfrommakingmistakes.

C．Guidethemindoinglittlethings.D．Helpthem

growwithprai.

第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。(每小题1分)

Daughter：Dad．Youloveme,don'tyou?

Father：Ofcour,Ido．61

Daughter：Well,Isawthisgreatofferforafree

phonehereinthenewspaper,and…

Father：62

Daughter：Well,thephoneisfree…afterthe＄50

Ipayisreturnedtome.

Father：Ah,sothat'sthecatch．63

Daughter：Dad．Allmyfriendshaveone.

Father：Ah,Idon'tknow．64

Daughter：Butthemonthlychargeforthis

rviceisonly＄29.99,with1,000freeweekday

minutesnationwide,andunlimitedweekend

minutes.

Father：Idon'tknow.

Daughter：PleaDad．Withthenewphoneyou

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won'thavetoworryaboutmewhileI'mdrivingthe

newcar.

Father：65

Daughter：Thenewcaryou'llneedtobuysoI

canuthephone.

A．Ah…what'sonyourmind?B．Newcar?What

newcar?

C．Free?Nothing'verfree.D．Whatdidyou

dotothenewcar?

E．Andwhyonearthdoyouneedaphone?

F．Theyalwayschargealotforthervice.

G．Butwhatisthetermofthervice

agreement?

第II卷

第三部分写作(共三节，满分55分)

第一节单词拼写(每小题1分)

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式(每

空只写一词)。

66．Doyouspeakany__________(外国)languages?

67．Rebeccawasthe__________(骄傲)ofherfamily.

68．Willyoustop__________(打断)mewhenI'mtalking?

69．DavidBeckham's__________(国籍)isBritish.

70．The__________(现代)historyofItalydatesfrom

1860.

71．Bob's__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvard

University.

72．AlicewantedtoborrowJack'scomputer,but

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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he__________(拒绝).

73．Her__________(书架)arefilledwithbooksand

photos.

74．Whatareyougirls__________(耳语)about?

75．Don't__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.

第二节短文改错(每小题1．5分)

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。先对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横

线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：⒈原行没有错的不要改；

⒉答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

DearEditor,

I'mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.

76.______

Waterisimportant．We,aswellasanimal,cannot

live77.______

withoutwaterandneitheragricultureor

industrycango78.______

withoutit．Yetitemedwaterisbecomingless

andless.79.______

Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon'thave

enoughwater.80.______

Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgo

all81.______

outtoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsave

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

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water．Next,no82.______

drinkingwatershouldbeleftrunning．Third,we

shouldfind83.______

waystoreuthewaterusinginwashing,

especiallybath84.______

waterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsave

muchwater.85.______

Sincerely,

LiHua

第三节书面表达(30分)

假定你是李华。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要

点包括：

⒈时间：周五晚8点至9点⒉地点：学生俱乐部⒊内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等⒋要

求：备小礼物。注意：⒈词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；⒉可以适当增加细节，以便行

文连贯；⒊答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

Hi,Susan,

We'rethrowingasurpripartyforXiaoming's

birthday．

参考答案

第一部分第一节1~5DBCAB第二节6~10DCBDA11~15

ACBCA16~20BACDD第三节21~25BCADB

26~30DABCA31~35BBDAD36~40CACCD

第二部分第一节41~45DAABC46~50CDACB

51~55BCDCB56~60BDADA第二节61~65

ACEFB

第三部分第一节66．foreign67．pride68．interrupting

69．nationality70．modern71．nephew72．refud

73．bookshelves/bookcas74．whispering

75．cough

第二节

DearEditor,

I'mwritingtotellyou∧opinionaboutwater

2012年全国高考各地试卷语文字形试题

页脚内容19

saving.76．my

Waterisimportant．We,aswellasanimal,cannot

live77．animals

withoutwaterandneitheragricultureor

industrycango78．nor

withoutit．Yetitemedwaterisbecomingless

andless.79．ems

Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon'thave

enoughwater.80．they

Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgo

all81．the/this/that

outtoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsave

water．Next,no82．becau/since/as

drinkingwatershouldbeleftrunning．Third,we

shouldfind83．√

waystoreuthewaterusinginwashing,

especiallybath84．ud

waterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsave

muchwater.85．for

Sincerely,

LiHua

第三节

Hi,Susan,

We'rethrowingasurpripartyforXiaoming's

birthday．We'dliketoinviteeyoutotheparty．We

wanttogivehimasurpri,sopleakeepquiet

aboutit．We'llgatherattheStudents'Clubat8

p.m．thisFriday,aftertheeveningclass．Andit's

goingtolastaboutanhour．Weeachwillpreparea

littleprent．Whenhecomes,we'lllightthecandles

andsing“HappyBirthday”togetherforhim．Then

thecakewillbecutandwe'llsingsongsandplay

games．It'llbenicetoehowexcitedhewillbe．I'm

sureyou'llhaveagoodtimeattheparty,too.

Yours,

LiHua