rarefaction

流体力学常用名词

流体动力学fluiddynamics

连续介质力学mechanicsofcontinuous

介质medium

流体质点fluidparticle

无粘性流体nonviscousfluid,inviscid

连续介质假设continuousmediumhypothesis

流体运动学fluidkinematics

水静力学hydrostatics

液体静力学hydrostatics

支配方程governingequation

伯努利方程Bernoulliequation

伯努利定理Bernonllitheorem

毕奥—萨伐尔定律Biot-Savartlaw

欧拉方程Eulerequation

亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtztheorem

开尔文定理Kelvintheorem

涡片vortexsheet

库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta—Zhoukowskicondition

布拉休斯解Blasiussolution

达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembertparadox

雷诺数Reynoldsnumber

施特鲁哈尔数Strouhalnumber

随体导数materialderivative

不可压缩流体incompressiblefluid

质量守恒conrvationofmass

动量守恒conrvationofmomentum

能量守恒conrvationofenergy

动量方程momentumequation

能量方程energyequation

控制体积controlvolume

液体静压hydrostaticpressure

涡量拟能enstrophy

压差differentialpressure

流[动]flow

流线streamline

流面streamsurface

流管streamtube

迹线path,pathline

流场flowfield

流态flowregime

流动参量flowparameter

流量flowrate，flowdischarge

涡旋vortex

涡量vorticity

涡丝vortexfilament

涡线vortexline

涡面vortexsurface

涡层vortexlayer

涡环vortexring

涡对vortexpair

涡管vortextube

涡街vortexstreet

卡门涡街Karmanvortexstreet

马蹄涡horshoevortex

对流涡胞convectivecell

卷筒涡胞rollcell

涡eddy

涡粘性eddyviscosity

环流circulation

环量circulation

速度环量velocitycirculation

偶极子doublet，dipole

驻点stagnationpoint

总压［力]totalpressure

总压头totalhead

静压头statichead

总焓totalenthalpy

能量输运energytransport

速度剖面velocityprofile

库埃特流Couetteflow

单相流singlephaflow

单组份流single-componentflow

均匀流uniformflow

非均匀流nonuniformflow

二维流two—dimensionalflow

三维流three—dimensionalflow

准定常流quasi—steadyflow

非定常流unsteadyflow,non-steadyflow

暂态流transientflow

周期流periodicflow

振荡流oscillatoryflow

分层流stratifiedflow

无旋流irrotationalflow

有旋流rotationalflow

轴对称流axisymmetricflow

不可压缩性incompressibility

不可压缩流［动］incompressibleflow

浮体floatingbody

定倾中心metacenter

阻力drag,resistance

减阻dragreduction

表面力surfaceforce

表面张力surfacetension

毛细[管］作用capillarity

来流incomingflow

自由流freestream

自由流线freestreamline

外流externalflow

进口entrance,inlet

出口exit，outlet

扰动disturbance，perturbation

分布distribution

传播propagation

色散dispersion

弥散dispersion

附加质量addedmass,associatedmass

收缩contraction

镜象法imagemethod

无量纲参数dimensionlessparameter

几何相似geometricsimilarity

运动相似kinematicsimilarity

动力相似[性］dynamicsimilarity

平面流planeflow

势potential

势流potentialflow

速度势velocitypotential

复势complexpotential

复速度complexvelocity

流函数streamfunction

源source

汇sink

速度［水］头velocityhead

拐角流cornerflow

空泡流cavityflow

超空泡supercavity

超空泡流supercavityflow

空气动力学aerodynamics

低速空气动力学low—speedaerodynamics

高速空气动力学high-speedaerodynamics

气动热力学aerothermodynamics

亚声速流[动］subsonicflow

跨声速流［动］transonicflow

超声速流［动］supersonicflow

锥形流conicalflow

楔流wedgeflow

叶栅流cascadeflow

非平衡流［动]non-equilibriumflow

细长体slenderbody

细长度slenderness

钝头体bluffbody

钝体bluntbody

翼型airfoil

翼弦chord

薄翼理论thin—airfoiltheory

构型configuration

后缘trailingedge

迎角angleofattack

失速stall

脱体激波detachedshockwave

波阻wavedrag

诱导阻力induceddrag

诱导速度inducedvelocity

临界雷诺数criticalReynoldsnumber

前缘涡leadingedgevortex

附着涡boundvortex

约束涡confinedvortex

气动中心aerodynamiccenter

气动力aerodynamicforce

气动噪声aerodynamicnoi

气动加热aerodynamicheating

离解dissociation

地面效应groundeffect

气体动力学gasdynamics

稀疏波rarefactionwave

热状态方程thermalequationofstate

喷管Nozzle

普朗特-迈耶流Prandtl—Meyerflow

瑞利流Rayleighflow

可压缩流［动］compressibleflow

可压缩流体compressiblefluid

绝热流adiabaticflow

非绝热流diabaticflow

未扰动流undisturbedflow

等熵流intropicflow

匀熵流homoentropicflow

兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniotcondition

状态方程equationofstate

量热状态方程caloricequationofstate

完全气体perfectgas

拉瓦尔喷管Lavalnozzle

马赫角Machangle

马赫锥Machcone

马赫线Machline

马赫数Machnumber

马赫波Machwave

当地马赫数localMachnumber

冲击波shockwave

激波shockwave

正激波normalshockwave

斜激波obliqueshockwave

头波bowwave

附体激波attachedshockwave

激波阵面shockfront

激波层shocklayer

压缩波compressionwave

反射reflection

折射refraction

散射scattering

衍射diffraction

绕射diffraction

出口压力exitpressure

超压［强]overpressure

反压backpressure

爆炸explosion

爆轰detonation

缓燃deflagration

水动力学hydrodynamics

液体动力学hydrodynamics

泰勒不稳定性Taylorinstability

盖斯特纳波Gerstnerwave

斯托克斯波Stokeswave

瑞利数Rayleighnumber

自由面freesurface

波速wavespeed,wavevelocity

波高waveheight

波列wavetrain

波群wavegroup

波能waveenergy

表面波surfacewave

表面张力波capillarywave

规则波regularwave

不规则波irregularwave

浅水波shallowwaterwave

深水波deepwaterwave

重力波gravitywave

椭圆余弦波cnoidalwave

潮波tidalwave

涌波surgewave

破碎波breakingwave

船波shipwave

非线性波nonlinearwave

孤立子soliton

水动［力］噪声hydrodynamicnoi

水击waterhammer

空化cavitation

空化数cavitationnumber

空蚀cavitationdamage

超空化流supercavitatingflow

水翼hydrofoil

水力学hydraulics

洪水波floodwave

涟漪ripple

消能energydissipation

海洋水动力学marinehydrodynamics

谢齐公式Chezyformula

欧拉数Eulernumber

弗劳德数Froudenumber

水力半径hydraulicradius

水力坡度hvdraulicslope

高度水头elevatinghead

水头损失headloss

水位waterlevel

水跃hydraulicjump

含水层aquifer

排水drainage

排放量discharge

壅水曲线backwatercurve

压[强水]头pressurehead

过水断面flowcross—ction

明槽流openchannelflow

孔流orificeflow

无压流freesurfaceflow

有压流pressureflow

缓流subcriticalflow

急流supercriticalflow

渐变流graduallyvariedflow

急变流rapidlyvariedflow

临界流criticalflow

异重流densitycurrent,gravityflow

堰流weirflow

掺气流aeratedflow

含沙流diment-ladenstream

降水曲线dropdowncurve

沉积物diment，deposit

沉[降堆］积dimentation，deposition

沉降速度ttlingvelocity

流动稳定性flowstability

不稳定性instability

奥尔—索末菲方程Orr—Sommerfeldequation

涡量方程vorticityequation

泊肃叶流Poiuilleflow

奥辛流Oenflow

剪切流shearflow

粘性流[动］viscousflow

层流laminarflow

分离流paratedflow

二次流condaryflow

近场流nearfieldflow

远场流farfieldflow

滞止流stagnationflow

尾流wake［flow]

回流backflow

反流reverflow

射流jet

自由射流freejet

管流pipeflow,tubeflow

内流internalflow

拟序结构coherentstructure

猝发过程burstingprocess

表观粘度apparentviscosity

运动粘性kinematicviscosity

动力粘性dynamicviscosity

泊poi

厘泊centipoi

厘沱centistoke

剪切层shearlayer

次层sublayer

流动分离flowparation

层流分离laminarparation

湍流分离turbulentparation

分离点parationpoint

附着点attachmentpoint

再附reattachment

再层流化relaminarization

起动涡startingvortex

驻涡standingvortex

涡旋破碎vortexbreakdown

涡旋脱落vortexshedding

压[力]降pressuredrop

压差阻力pressuredrag

压力能pressureenergy

型阻profiledrag

滑移速度slipvelocity

无滑移条件non—slipcondition

壁剪应力skinfriction，frictionaldrag

壁剪切速度frictionvelocity

磨擦损失frictionloss

磨擦因子frictionfactor

耗散dissipation

滞后lag

相似性解similarsolution

局域相似localsimilarity

气体润滑gaslubrication

液体动力润滑hydrodynamiclubrication

浆体slurry

泰勒数Taylornumber

纳维-斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokequation

牛顿流体Newtonianfluid

边界层理论boundarylatertheory

边界层方程boundarylayerequation

边界层boundarylayer

附面层boundarylayer

层流边界层laminarboundarylayer

湍流边界层turbulentboundarylayer

温度边界层thermalboundarylayer

边界层转捩boundarylayertransition

边界层分离boundarylayerparation

边界层厚度boundarylayerthickness

位移厚度displacementthickness

动量厚度momentumthickness

能量厚度energythickness

焓厚度enthalpythickness

注入injection

吸出suction

泰勒涡Taylorvortex

速度亏损律velocitydefectlaw

形状因子shapefactor

测速法anemometry

粘度测定法visco[si]metry

流动显示flowvisualization

油烟显示oilsmokevisualization

孔板流量计orificemeter

频率响应frequencyrespon

油膜显示oilfilmvisualization

阴影法shadowmethod

纹影法schlierenmethod

烟丝法smokewiremethod

丝线法tuftmethod说明

氢泡法nydrogenbubblemethod

相似理论similaritytheory

相似律similaritylaw

部分相似partialsimilarity

定理pitheorem，Buckinghamtheorem

静［态］校准staticcalibration

动态校准dynamiccalibration

风洞windtunnel

激波管shocktube

激波管风洞shocktubewindtunnel

水洞watertunnel

拖曳水池towingtank

旋臂水池rotatingarmbasin

扩散段diffur

测压孔pressuretap

皮托管pitottube

普雷斯顿管prestontube

斯坦顿管Stantontube

文丘里管Venturitube

U形管U—tube

压强计manometer

微压计micromanometer

多管压强计multiplemanometer

静压管static[pressure]tube

流速计anemometer

风速管Pitot-statictube

激光多普勒测速计larDoppleranemometer,larDopplervelocimeter

热线流速计hot—wireanemometer

热膜流速计hot-filmanemometer

流量计flowmeter

粘度计visco[si］meter

涡量计vorticitymeter

传感器transducer,nsor

压强传感器pressuretransducer

热敏电阻thermistor

示踪物tracer

时间线timeline

脉线streakline

尺度效应scaleeffect

壁效应walleffect

堵塞blockage

堵寒效应blockageeffect

动态响应dynamicrespon

响应频率responfrequency

底压bapressure

菲克定律Ficklaw

巴塞特力Bastforce

埃克特数Eckertnumber

格拉斯霍夫数Grashofnumber

努塞特数Nusltnumber

普朗特数prandtlnumber

雷诺比拟Reynoldsanalogy

施密特数schmidtnumber

斯坦顿数Stantonnumber

对流convection

自由对流naturalconvection，freeconvec-tion

强迫对流forcedconvection

热对流heatconvection

质量传递masstransfer

传质系数masstransfercoefficient

热量传递heattransfer

传热系数heattransfercoefficient

对流传热convectiveheattransfer

辐射传热radiativeheattransfer

动量交换momentumtransfer

能量传递energytransfer

传导conduction

热传导conductiveheattransfer

热交换heatexchange

临界热通量criticalheatflux

浓度concentration

扩散diffusion

扩散性diffusivity

扩散率diffusivity

扩散速度diffusionvelocity

分子扩散moleculardiffusion

沸腾boiling

蒸发evaporation

气化gasification

凝结condensation

成核nucleation

计算流体力学computationalfluidmechanics

多重尺度问题multiplescaleproblem

伯格斯方程Burgerquation

对流扩散方程convectiondiffusionequation

KDU方程KDVequation

修正微分方程modifieddifferentialequation

拉克斯等价定理Laxequivalencetheorem

数值模拟numericalsimulation

大涡模拟largeeddysimulation

数值粘性numericalviscosity

非线性不稳定性nonlinearinstability

希尔特稳定性分析Hirtstabilityanalysis

相容条件consistencycondition

CFL条件Courant-Friedrichs-Lewycondition,CFLcondition

狄里克雷边界条件Dirichletboundarycondition

熵条件entropycondition

远场边界条件farfieldboundarycondition

流入边界条件inflowboundarycondition

无反射边界条件nonreflectingboundarycondition

数值边界条件numericalboundarycondition

流出边界条件outflowboundarycondition

冯。诺伊曼条件vonNeumanncondition

近似因子分解法approximatefactorizationmethod

人工压缩artificialcompression

人工粘性artificialviscosity

边界元法boundaryelementmethod

配置方法collocationmethod

能量法energymethod

有限体积法finitevolumemethod

流体网格法fluidincellmethod，FLICmethod

通量校正传输法flux—correctedtransportmethod

通量矢量分解法fluxvectorsplittingmethod

伽辽金法Galerkinmethod

积分方法integralmethod

标记网格法markerandcellmethod,MACmethod

特征线法methodofcharacteristics

直线法methodoflines

矩量法momentmethod

多重网格法multi-gridmethod

板块法panelmethod

质点网格法particleincellmethod,PICmethod

质点法particlemethod

预估校正法predictor—correctormethod

投影法projectionmethod

准谱法pudo-spectralmethod

随机选取法randomchoicemethod

激波捕捉法shock—capturingmethod

激波拟合法shock—fittingmethod

谱方法spectralmethod

稀疏矩阵分解法splitcoefficientmatrixmethod

不定常法time-dependentmethod

时间分步法timesplittingmethod

变分法variationalmethod

涡方法vortexmethod

隐格式implicitscheme

显格式explicitscheme

交替方向隐格式alternatingdirectionimplicitscheme,ADIscheme

反扩散差分格式anti-diffusiondifferencescheme

紧差分格式compactdifferencescheme

守恒差分格式conrvationdifferencescheme

克兰克-尼科尔森格式Crank-Nicolsonscheme

杜福特-弗兰克尔格式Dufort-Frankelscheme

指数格式exponentialscheme

戈本诺夫格式Godunovscheme

高分辨率格式highresolutionscheme

拉克斯—温德罗夫格式Lax-Wendroffscheme

蛙跳格式leap—frogscheme

单调差分格式monotonedifferencescheme

保单调差分格式monotonicityprervingdiffe—rencescheme

穆曼—科尔格式Murman—Colescheme

半隐格式mi—implicitscheme

斜迎风格式skew-upstreamscheme

全变差下降格式totalvariationdecreasingschemeTVDscheme

迎风格式upstreamscheme，upwindscheme

计算区域computationaldomain

物理区域physicaldomain

影响域domainofinfluence

依赖域domainofdependence

区域分解domaindecomposition

维数分解dimensionalsplit

物理解physicalsolution

弱解weaksolution

黎曼解算子Riemannsolver

守恒型conrvationform

弱守恒型weakconrvationform

强守恒型strongconrvationform

散度型divergenceform

贴体曲线坐标body-fittedcurvilinearcoordi—nates

［自]适应网格[lf-］adaptivemesh

适应网格生成adaptivegridgeneration

自动网格生成automaticgridgeneration

数值网格生成numericalgridgeneration

交错网格staggeredmesh

网格雷诺数cellReynoldsnumber

数植扩散numericaldiffusion

数值耗散numericaldissipation

数值色散numericaldispersion

数值通量numericalflux

放大因子amplificationfactor

放大矩阵amplificationmatrix

阻尼误差dampingerror

离散涡discretevortex

熵通量entropyflux

熵函数entropyfunction

分步法fractionalstepmethod