英语发音词典下载

更新时间:2022-11-22 21:59:10 阅读: 评论:0


2022年11月22日发(作者:太原外国语学校)

英语发音规则(重读、轻读、略

读、浊音)

TIPS:

第一.找到元音字母AEIOUY

第二.判断音节数目1.单音节2.双音节

3.多音节

第三.识别重读音节1.单音节词都重读cat

atcupsitthisthatherhemewemycoat

meateat

2.双音节词一般情况下,动词在后面重读,

非动词在前面重读

单音节加上前缀或后缀,在原词上重读

3.多音节词一般情况下,在倒数第三音节上

重读。

双音节加上前缀或后缀,在原词上重读

4.若单词以-tion,-sion,-ic结尾,则在其前

一个元音上重读

5.第一重读音节前若还有两个以上的音节,则

在倒数第二个音节上再重读

第四.划分重读音节1.重读在后,其前至少有

一辅音归后注意

pl,bl,gl,br,pr,ph,th,gr,tr,sp,st

2.重读在前,后面的辅音遵循一分为二、前一

后二的原则

第五.确定音节类别重读音节1.开音节2.闭

音节3.-re音节4.-r音节5字母组合

弱读音节1.单个元音音节2.-r音节3.字

母组合4.非重读辅音音节

重读音节1开音节1.绝对开音节

单个元音直接结尾

he,she,me,we,the,shy,by,my,go,no,

2.相对开音节单个元音+单个辅音+e

like,name,home,cute,the

3.第三开音节单个元音直接+e

shoe,pie,lie,toe,e,true,free,due

2闭音节1.绝对闭音节单个元音+单个

辅音结尾

mop,cat,cup,dig,get,fit,hat,hot,gut

2.相对闭音节单个元音+两个辅音+e

dance,n,fence,chance,collap

3.第三闭音节单个元音直接+多个辅音

desk,scratch,fetch,bath,front

4.第四闭音节单个元音+rr+元音

sorry,hurry,marry,merry,mirror

3r音节1.绝对R音节单个元音+

单个R

car,for,sir,her,fur,far,bar,nor,per

2.相对R音节单个元音+单个R+单辅

+ehor,nur

3.第三R音节单个元音+单个R+辅音

park,hard,torch

4re音节1.绝对re音节单个元音+

单个R+ecare,more,here,sure,tire

2.相对re音节单个元音+单个R+元音

zero,rious,hero,parent,curious

5字母组合1.元元组合

ai,auwait,becau,fault,main

ea,ee,ei,eau

eat,heat,meat,meet,deed,receive,beautiful

oa,oo,oi,ou

boat,coat,book,foot,soil,hou,

ia,ie,io

bias,believe,violent,social,society,Russi

a

uifruit,juice

ay,ey,oyday,grey,boy,tray

2.单元辅组合al,aw,

ball,tall,small,saw,paw

ig,igh,sign,high,night,

ewnew,few,dew

owknow,now,how,sow

3.多元辅组合air,augh

hair,air,fair,caught,daughter

eer,ear,eir,

deer,fear,near,heir,heart,learn

eigheight,height,

oor,oar,oul

door,board,boar,could,should

ower,our

power,tower,hour,labour,flower

非重读音节1单元音节单个元音音节

a,e,i,o,u

office,different,elephant,unlfishness,

2r音节构成同重读音节

ar,er,ir,or,ur

sister,doctor,particular,surpri

3字母组合构成同重读音节

window,nation,social,blackboard,bathroom

4辅音音节在词尾的mtm,dm

ldom,autumn,

在词尾的ntn,dn,sn,fn

garden,cotton,listen,offen,common,

在词尾的ltl,nl,ml,dl,fl

little,middle,trifle,animal,apple,table,c

rystle

sl,pl,bl,gl,zl

castle,mentle,capital,possible,terrible,p

uzzle

英语国际音标

音标基础知识

一.音节

⒈什么是音节?

⑴音节通常由一个元音加上一个或几个辅音构

成,也可以由单独一个元音构成。此外,[l]、

[m]、[n]在后面没有元音的情况下也可与它前

面的辅音构成一个音节。

·相关链接:

Asyllableispartofawordthatcontainsone

vowelsound;itmayalsocontainoneormore

ral,thenumberof

vowelsintheworddeterminesthenumberof

syllables.

:PronouncingAmericanEnglish

一个音节通常是一个含有一个元音和一个或几

个辅音的单词的一部分。一般来说,单词中元音

的个数决定这个单词音节的个数。

—《美国英语发音词典》

⑵含有元音的音节和若干个辅音音素

①只有一个元音音素(音节核peak)

eyeourhourah

②含有一个元音音素和音节尾(音节核peak+音

节尾coda)

amoughtea

③含有一个元音音素、音节首和音节尾(音节首

ont+音节核peak+音节尾coda)

runmustfill

④含有成音节辅音的音节

辅音+成音节/l、m、n/

bottlepeoplecottonbottom

·相关链接:

Inawordlike“bottle”,theweaksyllable

containsnovowelatall,butconsistntirely

thisasyllabic

consonant.

在像“bottle”这样的词中,非重读音节中根本

没有元音,而全是辅音。我们把这样完全由辅音

字母构成的音节叫做构成音节的辅音,简称“成

音节”。

⒉音节的分类

⑴音节按读音可分为开音节和闭音节。开音节又

可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。在开音节

中,这个元音字母发字母本身音。

①绝对开音节是指元音字母后面没有辅音字母

而构成的音节,如:wenoeateabee

②相对开音节是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅

音字母(除r外),最后是一个不发音的e构成

的音节,如:namecakegamefacetimelike

nicefinefivenohomeucute

③闭音节是指元音字母后面有辅音字母(除r外)

构成的音节,如:catondesknotleg

⑵音节按是否重读可以分为重读音节和非重读

音节。

预备知识

只含有一个音节的单词叫做单音节词;含有两个

音节的单词叫做双音节词;含有三个或三个以上

音节的单词叫做多音节词。

①重读音节(重音):在双音节词和多音节词中,

有一个音节读得特别重,叫做重读音节,简称“重

音”,用“'”来表示,加在重读音节的左上方。

有些单词音节较多,除了重音外,还有次重音,

用“ˌ”来表示。不重读的音节为非重读音节。

单音节词作重读处理,但不标重音符号。

标注单词重音一般规则如下:

54321

ˌ______'_________

university[ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sɪtɪ]

'_________

difficult['dɪfɪkəlt]

'______study['stʌdɪ]

___good[gʊd]

②重读开音节:以元音字母结尾的重读音节叫重

读开音节;

重读闭音节:以辅音字母结尾的重读音节叫重

读闭音节。

应用:单词变形。

以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词,双写词尾

加ing变为现在分词,双写词尾加ed变为过去

式和过去分词。

但infer,refer,prefer三个词在变过去式、过去分

词、现在分词时双写“r”,是重读开音节双写词

尾。

⒊音节的划分

划分音节的方法:元音是构成音节的主体,辅音

是音节的分界线。

⑴两辅音之间不管有多少个元音,一般都是一个

音节。如:beatbeauty

⑵两个音节相邻处只有一个辅音字母时(除r和

字母组合外),如前面是开音节,该辅音字母属

于后面;如前面是闭音节,该辅音字母属于前面。

如:stu-dentstud-y

⑶两个音节相邻处有两个辅音字母时(除r和字

母组合外),一个辅音字母归前一音节,一aaa

个归后后一音节。如:run-nerwin-ter

⑷两个音节相邻处有字母r时:

①相邻处是rr时,前者属于前面,后者属于后面,

且前者按重读闭音节规律发音。如:

mar-ry

②相邻处是“元音字母+r+其他辅音字母”时,r

属于前面并按-r音节规律发音。如:

far-ther

③相邻处是“元音字母+r+元音字母”时,r属于

前面。r前的元音字母按-re音节规律发音。如:

dur-ing['djʊərɪŋ]

⑸不能拆分的字母组合按字母组合划分音节。

如:daugh-terfa-thertea-cher

移行时:⑴要按音节移,连字符“-”位于行末

(如picture)

⑵单个字母的音节不能单独留在行末

(如unit)或单独移至下行首(如city)

⑶有连字符的在连字符处断开(如

picture-book)

上行:...pic-...u-...cit-...

picture-

下行:ture...nit...y...

book

(正确)(错误)(错误)(正

确)

⒋元音气流不受阻碍,声带振动;辅音气流受阻

碍,清辅音声带不振动,浊辅音声带振动。

⒌拼读方法

辅音在前,元音在后,两者要相拼。先发出辅音,

然后连续过渡到元音的口形,发出元音的声音,

中间不要有停顿。

元音在前,辅音在后,连续发出各自的音。

⒍元音音素和辅音音素:

分类一:

单元音(12个):

长元音:[i:][ɑ:][ɜ:][u:][ɔ:]

短元音:[ɪ][e][æ][ʌ][ə][ʊ][ɒ]

双元音(8个):

[aɪ][eɪ][ɪə][əʊ][ʊə][aʊ][eə][ɔɪ]

清辅音(11个):

[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ][ts][tʃ][tr][h]

浊辅音(15个):

[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dz][dʒ][dr][l][r][m

][n][ŋ]

半元音(2个):[w][j]

分类二:

元音:

前元音:[i:][ɪ][e][æ]

中元音:[ʌ][ə][ɜ:]

后元音:[ɑ:][ɒ][ɔ:][ʊ][u:]

双元音:[eɪ][aɪ][əʊ][aʊ][ɔɪ][ɪə][eə][ʊə]

辅音:

爆破音:[p][b][k][g][t][d][tr][dr]

摩擦音:[f][v][s][z][ʃ][ʒ][θ][ð][ts][dz][r]

鼻音:[m][n][ŋ]

(舌)边音:[l]

破擦音:[h][tʃ][dʒ]

半元音:[w][j]

国际音标和英语字母在书写方面的联系

—从音标到字母和字母组合

单元音:

[i:]:⑴e:heshemewe

⑵ea:teaeatmeat

⑶ee:etreee

⑷ei:receive

⑸ey:key

⑹i:policepolicemanpolicewoman

machine

⑺eo:people

⑻ie:piecefieldbelievethief

[ɪ]:⑴a:orangecabbage

⑵ay:Sundayholiday

⑶e:beginEnglishprettycinema

⑷ey:monkey

⑸i:itisinbig

⑹y:cityverysorry

⑺u:busy

⑻ui:buildbuilding

⑼ai:captain

[e]:⑴a:anymanyanyone

⑵ai:said

⑶ay:says

⑷e:penbedyeggdesk

⑸ea:breadheadbreakfast

⑹u:bury

[æ]:a:bagamandatsad

[ə]:⑴a:alongaboutbananaCananaChina

⑵e:studentopenchildrendifferent

⑶i:holidayApril

⑷o:todaywelcomepolice

⑸u:minusautumn

⑹er:fathermotherbrothersister

⑺or:doctorforgetmirror

⑻ar:sugar

⑼re:metretiredfire

⑽ou:deliciousprevious

⑾ur:surpriSaturday

⑿our:colour

⒀ure:picturepleasure

⒁oar:cupboard

⒂yr:martyrsatyr

[ɜ:]:⑴ear:learnearthearlyheard

⑵er:herterm

⑶ir:firstgirlbirdskirtsirthird

⑷or:workwordworld

⑸ur:nurturnhurtThursday

⑹yr:myrtle

⑺our:journalistjournal

[ʌ]:⑴o:comenoneloveother

⑵oo:bloodflood

⑶ou:touchcountryenoughyoung

⑷u:bussunbutcutupus

[ɑ:]:⑴a:classbananafatherafter

⑵al:halfpalm

⑶ar:carfarparkarmstar

⑷au:auntlaugh

⑸ear:heart

[ɒ]:⑴([w])a:wantwashwatchwhat

⑵o:hotonnotsorry

⑶ou:cough

⑷au:Australia

[ɔ:]:⑴(w)a:water

⑵al:allballcallfallhallmallsmalltalktall

wall

⑶([w])ar:warmquarter

⑷au:Augustautumndaughter

⑸aw:drawsawlaw

⑹oor:doorfloor

⑺ore:morebefore

⑻or:orforshortsport

⑼ou:boughtbroughtthought

⑽our:fouryour

⑾awe:aweawedaweless

⑿oar:boardblackboardcardboard

⒀o:story

[ʊ]:⑴o:womanwolf

⑵oo:booklookgoodfoot

⑶oul:couldwouldshould

⑷u:putsugarfullpush

[u:]:⑴ew:flewgrewreviewJew

⑵o:dotowho

⑶oo:toozoofoodpoolbootschool

⑷ou:soupgroupthrough

⑸u:blueglueJune

⑹ui:fruitjuice

⑺oe:shoe

双元音:

[aɪ]:⑴i:timelikenicefinefive

⑵y:mybywhy

⑶i(g):signhighlightright

⑷ie:dielietie

[eɪ]:⑴a:namecakegameface

⑵ai:raintrainwait

⑶ay:daymayokayplaytoday

⑷ei:veilvein

⑸ei(gh):eighteighteeneighty

⑹ey:they

⑺ea:greatbreak

[ɔɪ]:⑴oi:oiltoiletboilsoil

⑵oy:boytoyemployee

[aʊ]:⑴ou:outabouthoublou

⑵ow:hownowcow

[əʊ]:⑴o:gononohome

⑵ow:showknowyellowwindow

⑶oa:goatboat

⑷ou:shoulderthough

⑸oe:woe

[ɪə]:⑴e:zerocerealrious

⑵ea:realreallyideacereal

⑶ere:here

⑷ear:eardearhearnearclear

⑸eer:beerdeerpioneer

[eə]:⑴air:airhairchair

⑵are:carehareparent

⑶ear:pearwearbear

⑷ere:therewhere

⑸eir:theirtheirs

⑹a:Mary

[ʊə]:⑴ure:sure

⑵oor:poor

⑶our:tour

辅音:

清辅成对辅音:

[p]-[b][t]-[d][k]-[g][f]-[v]

[s]-[z][θ]-[ð][ʃ]-[ʒ][ts]-[dz]

[tʃ]-[dʒ][tr]-[dr]

清音浊化:清辅音[p][t][k][tr]等在[s]后重读

时由送气音变为不完全送气音,即发其浊辅音

[b][d][g][dr],但音标仍写成清辅音。如:

sport[spɔ:t],student['stju:dənt],

sky[skaɪ],street[stri:t]。但弱读时[s]后的清辅

音仍读请辅音,不读相对的浊辅音。

如:hostess['həʊstɪs]。

[p]:⑴p:penmaphelpcheappencilpaper

⑵pp:applehappyappear

[b]:⑴b:bagbybedboybusblue

⑵bb:rabbitcabbage

[t]:⑴t:tentimenotgettable

⑵tt:bottlebottomlittlepretty

⑶ed:watchedwashedcookedhelped

danced

[d]:⑴d:deskdoordaydog

⑵dd:adddaddymiddle

⑶ed:playedcleanedclimbedanswered

arrivedairedboiledemptiedenjoyedcried

[k]:⑴c:catcomecutclockcrypicturebloc

⑵cc:occasionaccordingoccupy

acclaim

⑶ch:schoolChristmaschemistry

techniquetechnologystomach

⑷k:bookbikecakekiteKatelook

⑸ck:blackduckclockjacketcock

⑹q:Iraqcoq

⑺que:uniquetechnique

[g]:⑴g:gogirlbigget

⑵gg:eggbiggerbiggest

⑶gu:guess

⑷gue:dialogue

⑸gh:ghyllghost

[f]:⑴f:fivefishfinefamilyfifteen

⑵ph:photophoneelephantphotograph

⑶gh:laughenough

⑷ff:offcoffee

[v]:⑴v:veryfivehave

⑵f:of

[s]:⑴c:nicecitycycle

⑵s:sitsixsomebusuusdeskbooks

⑶ss:missclassglassgrass

⑷sc:sciencescene

⑸ps:psalmpsywar

[z]:⑴s:ishispleamusiclohusband

apples

⑵es:leavesthieveskniveswives

⑶z:zoozero

⑷zz:buzz

[θ]:th:threethankmonththin

[ð]:⑴th:thisthewiththan

⑵the:breathesoythe

[ʃ]:⑴sh:sheshoeshortshopwash

⑵s:sureAsia

⑶c:specialsufficientdelicious

⑷t:stationnationalpatient

⑸ss:Russiaprofession

⑹ch:machine

[ʒ]:⑴s:usuallytelevisionpleasure

⑵z:izure

⑶ge:garage

[ts]:⑴ts:shirtshurtscoatscostsgoats

⑵t’s:Let’s

⑶tes:kitesgatesdates

⑷zz:pizza

[dz]:⑴ds:bedsbirdshandsfriends

⑵des:decides

[tʃ]:⑴ch:chairmuchlunchChina

⑵tch:watch

⑶t:picturequestion

[dʒ]:⑴g(e):agepagehugeorange

⑵g:gentlegentlemangeneral

⑶dge:bridgeporridgejudge

⑷j:jumpjacketjustJuneJim

⑸ch:sandwich

[tr]:tr:treetriptrytruetruth

[dr]:dr:dressdrivehundredchildren

单个辅音:

[h]:⑴h:heherhavehandheadhair

⑵(w)h:whowhomwho

[l]:⑴l:letlookplealakepeople

⑵ll:tellfulltillbell

⑶(t)l(e):whistle

[r]:⑴r:redrightthree

⑵rr:sorryworryhurrycarrycarrot

⑶(w)r:writewrong

[m]:⑴m:manmeatmeettime

⑵mm:commoncommunicate

⑶m(b):climblamb

⑷m(n):autumn

[n]:⑴n:nameniceninenearunder

⑵(k)n:knowknife

⑶nn:Ann

⑷(m)n:mnemonics

[ŋ]:⑴ng:singlongyoungmorning

⑵n(k):thankthinkinkpink

⑶n(g):English

[w]:⑴w:wewindowworkwalk

⑵w(h):whatwhywherewhite

[j]:⑴y:yesyouyearyellow

⑵j:Jennjahallelujahjaap

⑶i:onionreviewmillionbillionbrilliant

behaviour

⑷e:Europe

国际音标和英语字母在读音方面的联系

—从字母和字母组合到音标

Ⅰ.元音字母a及a+其他字母的读音

a在重读开音节中读[eɪ]:namecakegameface

a在重读闭音节中读[æ]:bagamandatsad

a在辅音字母s,th,f,n,ph前读[ɑ:]:classfastgraspaskfatherafterdance

graph

a在[w]后读[ɒ]或[ɔ:]:wantwhatwater[wɔ:tə]

a在ny前读[e]:anymany

a弱读时读[ə]:alongaboutbananaCananaChina

a在非重读音节中读[ɪ]:orangecabbage

a读[eə]:Mary

ai读[eɪ]:raintrainwait

ai读[ɪ]:captain

ai读[e]:said

ay读[eɪ]:daymayokayplaytoday

ay弱读读[ɪ]:Sundayholiday

ay读[e]:says

air读[eə]:airhairchair

al在多数辅音字母前读[ɔ:](f,m除外):allballcallfallhallmallsmalltalk

tallwall

al还读[ɔ:l](特别当后面不是k,f,m时):alsosalt

al在辅音字母f,m前读[ɑ:]:halfpalm

ar在重读音节中读[ɑ:]::carfarparkarmstar

ar在[w]后读[ɔ:]:warmquarter

ar弱读读[ə]:sugar

are读[eə]:carehareparent

ass在重读音节中读[ɑ:s]:classglassgrasspass

au在重读音节中读[ɔ:]:Augustautumndaughter

au读[ɒ]:Australia

au还读作[ɑ:]:auntlaugh

aw在重读音节中读[ɔ:]:drawsawlaw

awe读[ɔ:]:aweawedaweless

Ⅱ.元音字母e及e+其他字母的读音

e在重读开音节中读[i:]:heshemewe

e在重读闭音节中读[e]:penbedyeggdesk

e在非重读音节中读[ɪ]:beginEnglishprettycinema

e弱读读[ə]:studentopenchildrendifferent

e读[ɪə]:zerocerealrious

e读[j]:Europe

ea在重读音节中读[i:]:teaeatmeat

ea读[e]:breadheadbreakfast

ea读[eɪ]:greatbreak

ea读[ɪə]:realreallyideacereal

ear读[ɜ:]:learnearthearlyheard

ear读[eə]:pearwearbear

ear读[ɪə]:eardearhearnearclear

ear读[ɑ:]:heart

ed在大部分清辅音后读[t]([t]除外):watchedwashedcookedhelpeddanced

ed在元音和浊辅音后读[d]([d]除外):playedcleanedclimbedanswered

arrivedairedboiledemptiedenjoyedcried

ed在[t][d]后读[ɪd]:wantedneeded

ee在重读音节中读[i:]:etreee

eer读[ɪə]:beerdeerpioneer

ei读[i:]:receive

ei读[eɪ]:veilvein

ei在gh前读[eɪ]:eighteighteeneighty

eir读[eə]:theirtheirs

eo读[i:]:people

er在重读闭音节中读[ɜ:]:herterm

er在非重读音节中读[ə]:fathermotherbrothersister

ere读[ɪə]:here

ere读[eə]:therewhere

es在浊辅音([ʃ][ʒ][dʒ]除外)及元音后,es发[z]:leaves

thieveskniveswives

potatoestomatoesheroesNegroesgoesdoesfamiliesstories

es在[s][z][ʃ][ʒ][tʃ][dʒ]后读[ɪz]:busblousdishes

garageswatches

oranges

ew读[ju:]:newnewspaperreview

ew在l,r,j后读[u:]:flewgrewJew

ex读[eks]:exerciexit

ex读[ɪks]:excleexpensiveextinct

ex读[ɪgz]:examexaminationexactly

ey读[i:]:key

ey读[ɪ]:monkeyvalley

ey读[eɪ]:they

Ⅲ.元音字母i及i+其他字母的读音

i在重读开音节中读[aɪ]:timelikerice

i在重读闭音节中读[ɪ]:bigsixsit

i读[i:]:policepolicemanpolicewomanmachine

i弱读读[ə]:holidayApril

i在非重读音节中读[ɪ]:taxi

i读[j]:onionreviewmillionbillionbrilliantbehaviour

i在元音字母a,e,o前读[aɪ]:dialoguequietpioneer

i在g前读[aɪ]:signhighlightright

i在nd前读[aɪ]:findbehind

i在ld前读[aɪ]:child

i在re前读[aɪ]:firetiredretire

ie在重读音节中辅音字母前读[i:]:piecefieldbelievethief

ie在重读音节词词尾读[aɪ]:liedie

ir在重读音节中读[ɜ:]:birdgirlfirst

Ⅳ.元音字母o及o+其他字母的读音

o在重读开音节中读[əʊ]:gononohome

o在辅音字母st,ld前读[əʊ]:postold

o在重读闭音节中读[ɒ]:hotonnotsorry

o读[ɔ:]:story

o在辅音字母m,n,v和th前读[ʌ]:comenoneloveother

o读[u:]:dotowho

o在w后读[ʊ]:womanwolf

o在非重读音节中读[ə]:todaypoliceman

oa在重读音节中读[əʊ]:boatcoat

oar读[ɔ:]:boardblackboardcardboard

oar读[ə]:cupboard

oe读[əʊ]:woe

oe读[u:]:shoe

oi读[ɔɪ]:oiltoiletboilsoil

oo一般读[u:]:toozoofoodpoolbootschool

oo在d,k和少数t前读[ʊ]:booklookgoodfoot

oo读[ʌ]:bloodflood

oor读[ɔ:]:doorfloor

oor读[ʊə]:poor

or在重读音节中读[ɔ:]:orforshortsport

or在[w]后读[ɜ:]:workwordworld

or读[ə]:doctorforgetmirror

ore读[ɔ:]:morebefore

ou在多数情况下读[aʊ]:outabouthoublou

ou在ght前读[ɔ:]:boughtbroughtthought

ou读[ʌ]:touchcountryenoughyoung

ou读[u:]:soupgroupthrough

ou读[əʊ]:shoulderthough

ou读[ɒ]:cough

ou读[ə]:deliciousprevious

oul读[ʊ]:couldwouldshould

our读[ɔ:]:fouryour

our读[ɜ:]:journalistjournal

our读[ə]:colour

our读[ʊə]:tour

our读[aʊə]:ourhour

ow读[aʊ]:hownowcow

ow读[əʊ]:showknowyellowwindow

owe或ower读[aʊə]:towelflower

oy读[ɔɪ]:boytoyemployee

Ⅴ.元音字母u及u+其他字母的读音

u在重读开音节中读[ju:]:studentTuesday

u在重读闭音节中读[ʌ]:bussunbutcutupus

u处于开音节位置,又在辅音字母j,l,r,s后读[u:]:JunefluencyFebruarySue

u在重读闭音节中还读[ʊ]:putsugarfullpush

u在非重读音节中读[ə]:minusautumn

u读[ɪ]:busyminute

u读[e]:bury

ui读[ju:]或[jʊɪ,ju:ɪ]:suitsuicide

l,r,j+ui时,ui读作[u:]或[ʊɪ,u:ɪ]:sluifruitjuicefluidruin

ui读[ɪ]:buildbuilding

ur在重读音节中读[ɜ:]:nurturnhurtThursday

ur读[ə]:surpriSaturday

ure读[ʊə]:sure

ure在非重读音节中读[ə]:picturepleasure

ure在重读音节中读[jʊə]:cure

Ⅵ.21个辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音

b读[b]:bagbybedboybusblue

bt,mb在词尾时,b不发音:debtclimbcomb

bb读[b]:rabbitcabbage

c在字母e,i,y前读[s]:nicecitycycle

应用:字母c后有e或i时,c发[s],为保持发音不变,而加k,后加ing变现

在分词,加ed变过去式和过去分词。高中阶段常见的几个词:picnic(野餐)、

mimic(模仿)、traffic(交易、买卖)、panic(使恐慌;使惊慌失措)

c在字母a,o,u,l,r,t前或在音节末尾读[k]:catcomecutclockcrypicturebloc

c+ia,ie,io时,c读[ʃ]:specialsufficientdelicious

cc+a,o,u或l时,cc读[k]:occasionaccordingoccupyacclaim

cc+e,i时,cc读[ks]:acceptaccident

ch读[tʃ]:chairmuchlunchChina

ch读[k]:schoolChristmaschemistrytechniquetechnologystomach

ch读[ʃ]:machine

ch读[dʒ]:sandwich

ck读[k]:blackduckclockjacketcock

d读[d]:deskdoordaydog

dd读[d]:adddaddymiddle

dge读[dʒ]:bridgeporridgejudge

dr读[dr]:dressdrivehundredchildren

ds读[dz]:bedsbirdshandsfriends

des读[dz]:decides

f读[f]:fivefishfinefamilyfifteen

f读[v]:of

ff读[f]:offcoffee

ften读[fən]:often

g读[g]:gogirlbigget

g在e前读[dʒ]:agepagehugeorange

g读[dʒ]:gentlegentlemangeneral

gg读[g]:eggbiggerbiggest

ge读[ʒ]:garage

gh在i,ei,ai,ou,au后不发音:righteightstraightboughtdaughter

gh读[f]:laughenough

gh在词首时,读[g]:ghyllghost

gn,gm在词尾时,g常无声:signphlegm

gu在词首读[g]:guess

gu在词中读[gw]:language

gue在词尾读[g]:dialogue

h读[h]:heherhavehandheadhair

h不发音:hour

wh读[w]:whatwhywherewhite

wh在o前读[h]:whowhomwho

gh在词首时,h不发音:ghyllghost

j读[dʒ]:jumpjacketjustJuneJim

j读[j]:Jennjahallelujahjaap

k读[k]:bookbikecakekiteKatelook

kn在词首时,k不发音:knowknife

l读[l]:letlookplealakepeople

ll读[l]:tellfulltillbell

m读[m]:manmeatmeettime

mb在词尾时,读[m],b常无声:climbcomb

mm读[m]:common

mn在词首读[n]:mnemonics

mn在词中时,读[mn]:columnist

mn在词尾时,n常无声:autumncolumn

n读[n]:nameniceninenearunder

n在[k][g]前读[ŋ]:pinkEnglish

n在k后读[n]:knowknife

n在m后读[n]:mnemonics

nn读[n]:Ann

ng在词尾读[ŋ]:singlongyoungmorning

ng在词中读[ŋg]:Englishfinger

nk读[ŋk]:thankthinkinkpink

p读[p]:penmaphelpcheappencilpaper

pp读[p]:applehappyappear

ph读[f]:photophoneelephantphotograph

ps在词首时,p常不发音:psalmpsywar

q读[k]:Iraqcoq

qu在词首读[kw]:queenquick

que在词尾读[k]:uniquetechnique

r读[r]:redrightthree

rr读[r]:sorryworryhurrycarrycarrot

wr读[r]:writewrong

s在词首读[s]:sitsixsome

s在清辅音后读[s]:bookslikes

s在浊辅音和元音后读[z]:appleswindows

s读[z](尤其是在两个元音字母之间):hisispleamusic

元音字母+s+无音e:①n.,adj.读[s]:bau

②v.读[z]:lou

词中的s,其后跟清辅音字母时,s读[s],其后跟浊辅音字母时,s读[z]:desk

husband

s读[ʃ]:sureAsia

s读[ʒ]:usuallytelevisionpleasure

sion读[ʒən]:televisiondecision

sten读[sən]:listen

stle读[stl]:whistle

sure读[ʒə]:pleasure

sc+i,e,y读[s]:sciencescenescythe

sc+a,o,u读[sk]:scarfscorescud

ss读[s]:missclassglassgrass

ss读[ʃ]:Russiaprofession

ssion读[ʃən]:expression

sh读[ʃ]:sheshoeshortshopwash

t读[t]:tentimenotgettable

t读[tʃ]:picturequestion

tch读[tʃ]:watch

t+ia,ie时,t读[ʃ]:martialpatient

sten,ften,stle中,t无声:listenoftenwhistle

tes读[ts]:kitesgatesdates

tt读[t]:bottlebottomlittlepretty

tion读[ʃən]:stationnationalpatient

[s]+tion时读[tʃən]:question

th读[θ]:threethankmonththin

th在pron.,art.,prep.,conj.中读[ð]:thisthewiththan

词尾the读[ð]:breathesoythe

词尾ther读[ðə]:fathermotherbrothersister

tr读[tr]:treetriptrytruetruth

ts读[ts]:shirtshurtscoatscostsgoats

t’s读[ts]:Let’s

ture读[tʃə]:picture

v读[v]:veryfivehave

w读[w]:wewindowworkwalk

w不发音:two

wh读[w]:whatwhywherewhite

wh在o前读[h]:whowhomwho

wr在词首读[r],w无声:writewrong

x读[ks]:boxsixexcunext

x读[gz]:examexactexample

y在重读开音节中读[aɪ]:mybywhy

y在重读闭音节中读[ɪ]:cityverysorry

y在词首读[j]:yesyouyearyellow

yr读[ɜ:]:myrtle

yr读[aɪə]:martyrsatyr

yre读[ə]:tyrebyre

z读[z]:zoozero

z读[ʒ]:izure

zz读[z]:buzz

zz读[ts]:pizza

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